CN114307435A - Multilayer combination air filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air filtration, and discloses a multi-layer combined air filtration device, which comprises a filtration structure and a shell; the multi-layer combined air filter device is sleeved with a central tube, a multi-layer filter tube and an outer peripheral tube, and the side walls of the multi-layer combined air filter device are provided with a flow guide channel, the condition that the flow velocity of air in the air filter channel is greater than that in the flow guide channel is utilized, clean air flows to the clean channel and flows out from a clean air outlet, the clean air filtered by each filter unit can be conveyed to a designated area, the formed air filter channels are communicated with each other, impurities in each air filter channel are discharged back to the atmosphere through a dust exhaust tube, so that the separation of the clean air and the impurities is realized, the blockage of the multi-layer combined air filter device by the accumulated impurities is avoided, the trouble of manual cleaning is also saved, the central tube, the filter tube and the outer peripheral tube are sleeved with each other, the multi-layer combined air filter device is compact in structure, the space is saved, and the air can be filtered with higher efficiency.

Description

Multilayer combination air filter

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of air filtration, in particular to a multi-layer combined air filtration device.

Background

In various fields such as daily life, industrial production, transportation, military equipment and the like, air is often required to be filtered, so that clean air for removing various impurities such as sand, dust, debris and the like is obtained. In daily life, the clean air can improve the environment of people and improve the quality of life. In industrial production, the clean air can be used by industrial equipment, so that the working efficiency of the equipment is improved, and the damage of the equipment is reduced.

In transportation vehicles and military equipment, an internal combustion engine is indispensable equipment, the fuel of the internal combustion engine is fully combusted, the external supply of sufficient air to the internal combustion engine is required, oxygen in the air is used for supporting the fuel combustion, when the air entering the internal combustion engine contains impurities such as sand, dust, debris and the like, the impurities can cause abrasion to the internal combustion engine, the service life of the internal combustion engine is shortened, in order to prevent the impurities from entering the internal combustion engine, an air filter is required to be arranged in an air supply channel of the internal combustion engine, and therefore, the air filter is also a matching device required by the normal operation of the internal combustion engine.

The existing air filter for supplying air to the internal combustion engine mostly adopts centrifugal force to separate impurities from air, and then filters the impurities through a filter element, thereby obtaining clean air. For example, cyclone filters operate on the principle of a device that uses centrifugal force to separate solid particles or liquid droplets from a gas stream. When the gas flow containing liquid or impurities enters the filter, the gas flow can generate strong vortex motion due to the design of the rotary vortex in the cyclone cylinder, so that strong centrifugal force is formed, and solid particles and liquid impurities are attached to the cyclone cylinder. The impurities are separated from the gas stream and accumulate in the dust zone of the vessel. The purified gas leaves the cyclone filter and enters a next-stage fine filtering device, and one or more filter elements are arranged in the fine filtering device and can filter out small solid particles.

The problems with the above air cleaner are:

1. when the airflow rotates at high speed, wall pressure is generated on the inner wall of the cyclone filter, and the wall pressure blocks small-particle dust or impurities (particularly floating objects such as plant fragments, catkin, poplar catkin and the like) with smaller specific gravity from approaching, so that the impurities cannot be settled and removed.

2. When a plurality of cyclone filters are used for purifying air, the plurality of cyclone filters need to be arranged side by side, the occupied space is large, and the application range of the cyclone filters is limited.

3. Traditional filtering modes such as a metal filter screen filter, a fiber filter, a paper filter and the like all belong to passive adsorption type filtering; the passive filtration approach yields only two results: one is that dust passes through the filter, which does not play a due role; secondly, dust is adsorbed on the filter, the airflow channel on the filter is gradually blocked, and the air inflow is gradually reduced. In order to ensure that the filter in a passive filtration mode works normally, the filter element must be cleaned or replaced frequently, time and energy are consumed, the material cost for using a large number of filter elements is high, and the operation of an internal combustion engine is inevitably influenced even serious accidents are caused if the filter element is not cleaned or replaced in sufficient time in emergency.

4. When meeting moist external environment such as rainwater, dew, moisture gets into smart filter equipment, and the dust layer on filter core surface meets water and can become mud, and is more serious to airflow channel's jam.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multi-layer combined air filter device which can automatically separate large particles, small particles and floating objects from air and stably provide clean air; the impurity direct discharge can be carried when clean air is conveyed, the air filter device is prevented from being blocked by accumulated impurities, the trouble of manually cleaning the air filter device is eliminated, manpower, material resources and financial resources are saved, long-time normal work under the condition of not cleaning can be ensured, the operation of an internal combustion engine is supported, the structure is compact, the occupied space is small, and the application range is wider.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a multi-layer combined air filtering device is characterized by comprising a filtering structure and a shell, wherein the shell is provided with an air inlet and a clean air outlet, and the filtering structure is positioned in the shell and fixedly connected with the shell; the filter structure comprises a plurality of filter tubes, the filter tubes are sleeved layer by layer, the edge of one end of each filter tube is connected with the filter tube in the inner layer, the edge of the other end of each filter tube is connected with the filter tube in the outer layer, the filter tube in the innermost layer is a central tube, the free end of the central tube is connected with a tube bottom to form a closed structure, the filter tube in the outermost layer is a peripheral tube, and the edge of the peripheral tube is fixedly connected with the shell; the filtering structure divides the space in the shell into two parts, one side, facing the opening, of the central pipe is a clean side, the other side, facing the opening, of the central pipe is an air inlet side, the air inlet is located on the air inlet side, the clean air outlet is located on the clean side, a plurality of gaps are formed among the central pipe, the filter pipe and the peripheral pipe, the gap, facing the air inlet side, of the opening is an air filtering channel, the gap, facing the clean side, of the opening is a clean channel, the air filtering channels are communicated with one another, the outermost air filtering channel is connected with a dust exhaust pipe, and the dust exhaust pipe extends out of the shell; the side walls of the central pipe, the filter pipe and the peripheral pipe are all provided with a plurality of flow guide channels extending into the clean channels, the flow guide channels deviate from the opening direction of the clean channels and form an included angle alpha with the side walls where the flow guide channels are located, the included angle alpha is smaller than 90 degrees, and the sum of the sectional areas of the flow guide channels connected with the air filtering channels is larger than the sectional area of the air filtering channel.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the included angle α is 10 ° to 60 °.

In the present invention, it is preferable that a fan is installed at the outlet of the air inlet and/or the dust exhaust pipe.

In the present invention, preferably, the air filtering channel includes a tightening region and an expansion region, a sectional area of the expansion region is larger than a sectional area of the tightening region, two ends of the expansion region are respectively connected with a section of the tightening region, the flow guide channels are both disposed in the expansion region, a portion where a sidewall of the expansion region is joined with a sidewall of the tightening region is a transition sidewall, an included angle β is formed between the transition sidewall and the sidewall of the tightening region, and the included angle β is smaller than 90 °.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the included angle β is 1 ° to 30 °.

In the present invention, preferably, the guide channel includes an air hole and a guide plate, the air hole is disposed on the side walls of the central tube, the peripheral tube and the filter tube, and the guide plate is fixed to the edge of the air hole.

In the present invention, preferably, the guide vane is linear, circular or zigzag.

In the present invention, preferably, a plurality of protrusions or recesses are provided on an inner wall of the air filtering channel.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion or the recess is at least one of an arc shape, a triangle shape, and a quadrangle shape.

In the present invention, preferably, the central tube, the filter tube and the peripheral tube are integrally formed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the multi-layer combined air filter device is sleeved with the central tube, the multi-layer filter tubes and the peripheral tube, the side walls of the multi-layer combined air filter device are provided with the flow guide channels, the condition that the flow velocity of air in the air filter channel is larger than that in the flow guide channels is utilized, the dust and the clean air are automatically separated, the clean air flows to the clean channel and flows out from the clean air outlet, the clean air filtered by each filter unit can be conveyed to a designated area, the central tube, the multi-layer filter tubes and the peripheral tube are sleeved together, the formed air filter channels are mutually communicated, and the impurities in the air filter channels are discharged back to the atmosphere through the dust discharge tube, so that the separation of the clean air and the impurities is realized, the clean air is stably provided, the blockage of the multi-layer combined air filter device caused by the accumulated impurities is avoided, and the trouble of manually cleaning the multi-layer combined air filter device is saved, meanwhile, the central tube, the filter tube and the peripheral tube are sleeved with each other, so that the multi-layer combined air filtering device is compact in structure, saves space and can filter air with higher efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an external structure of a multi-layered combined air cleaner device.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a filter structure.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the front side of the multi-layer composite air cleaner assembly.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the right side of the multi-layer composite air cleaner assembly.

Fig. 6 is a top view of a filter structure.

Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the filter structure.

Fig. 8 is a right side cross-sectional view of a multi-layer composite air cleaner assembly including a constricted region and an expanded region.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a circular arc-shaped guide vane.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion C in fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a dogleg-shaped guide vane.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of a portion D in fig. 12.

In the drawings: 1-filter structure, 101-central tube, 102-peripheral tube, 103-filter tube, 104-air hole, 105-flow deflector, 106-protrusion, 107-pit, 108-tube bottom, 109-connecting tube, 110-circular arc flow deflector, 111-fold line flow deflector, 2-shell, 201-air inlet, 202-clean air outlet, 3-air filtering channel, 301-tightening zone, 302-expanding zone, 303-transition side wall, 4-clean channel, 5-dust exhaust tube and 6-fan.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1 to 13, a multi-layer combined air filter device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a filter structure 1 and a housing 2.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the filter arrangement 1 is located in the housing 2 and is fixedly connected to the housing 2. The filtering structure 1 comprises a plurality of filter pipes, the radiuses of the filter pipes are different, and the filter pipes are sleeved layer by layer, so that a multi-layer cylindrical structure can be formed. One end of the innermost filter tube is not connected with other filter tubes and is a free end, the other end is used for being connected with the filter tube on the other layer and is a connecting end, the free end is connected with a tube bottom 108, so that the tube bottom 108 seals the free end of the filter tube to prevent gas from passing through, and the tube bottom 108 is preferably in a circular arc shape or a bullet shape. Since the shape of the innermost filter tube is different from that of the other filter tubes, it is named as a central tube 101 for convenience of description. The side wall of the connecting end of the central tube 101 is turned outwards so as to be connected with the side wall of the filter tube 103 of the outer layer; similarly, the side wall of the other end of the filter tube 103 connected to the central tube 101 is turned outwards, and is thus connected to the side wall of the filter tube 103 of the other layer; in the same way as the above connection, the edge of one end of each filter tube 103 is connected to the filter tube 103 in the inner layer, and the edge of the other end is connected to the filter tube 103 in the outer layer, until all the filter tubes 103 are connected, so as to form the multi-layer cylindrical filter structure 1. Wherein, for convenience of description, the outermost filter tube is named as a peripheral tube 102, the edge of the peripheral tube 102 has an everted shape so as to be easily connected to the inner wall of the housing 2, and the connection of the peripheral tube 102 to the inner wall of the housing 2 has a superior sealing property so that gas cannot pass therethrough.

The filter structure 1 divides the space in the housing 2 into two parts, and the side facing the opening of the central tube 101, i.e. the side away from the tube bottom 108, is named clean side; the side of the central tube 101 facing away from the opening, i.e. the side close to the tube bottom 108, will be named the inlet side. Between the central tube 101, the filter tube 103 and the peripheral tube 102, annular gaps are formed among the side walls of the respective portions, and cylindrical gaps are formed in the middle of the side walls of the central tube 101, and these gaps have openings toward the air intake side and openings toward the cleaning side, and for convenience of description, the gap having the opening toward the air intake side is named as an air filter passage 3, and the gap having the opening toward the cleaning side is named as a cleaning passage 4. The air filtering passages 3 are communicated with each other in a predetermined manner, so that the air containing impurities can be collected and discharged uniformly, for example, the air filtering passages 3 are communicated with each other by providing a connecting pipe 109. Meanwhile, the outermost air filtering channel 3 is connected with a dust exhaust pipe 5, the dust exhaust pipe 5 extends out of the shell 2, the dust exhaust pipe 5 is not communicated with the space in the shell 2, the air containing impurities is directly exhausted back to the atmosphere, and the derived clean air is not polluted. The side walls (or inner walls) on both sides of the gas filtering passage 3 may be the side walls (or inner walls) of the central tube 101, the filter tubes 103 or the outer tube, but the side walls (or inner walls) are not different in nature, and for convenience of description, they are referred to as the side walls (or inner walls) of the gas filtering passage 3, and are distinguished as the side walls (or inner walls) of the central tube 101, the filter tubes 103 or the outer tube 102.

The side walls of the central tube 101, the filter tube 103 and the peripheral tube 102 are all provided with a plurality of flow guide channels. The main body of the flow guide channel is positioned in the clean channel 4, namely the flow guide channel extends into the clean channel 4, and the opening of the flow guide channel is positioned at the side wall of the air filtering channel 3, so that the air of the air filtering channel 3 can enter the flow guide channel and enter the clean channel 4 from the flow guide channel. The flow guide channel is a section of structure capable of guiding airflow to flow in a certain direction, can be of a tubular structure and can also be a simpler wind shield, the flow guide channel is fixedly connected with the side surface of the air filtering channel 3, and the flow guide channel is communicated with the air filtering channel 3.

The direction of the flow guide channel should be inclined to the side wall of the clean channel 4, and the air outlet direction of the flow guide channel should be far away from the opening direction of the clean channel 4 as far as possible, so that the flow guide channel deviates from the opening direction of the clean channel 4 and forms an included angle alpha with the side wall, and the included angle alpha is smaller than 90 degrees. The included angle between the two is understood to be the included angle between the overall shape of the flow guide channel and the air filtering channel 3. For example, the flow guide channel is linear, and an included angle between a straight line where the flow guide channel is located and a straight line where the air filtering channel 3 is located is an included angle α; if the diversion channel is arc-shaped, an included angle between a tangent line of the midpoint of the arc where the diversion channel is located and a straight line where the air filtering channel 3 is located is an included angle alpha; if the diversion channel is irregular, the trend of the angle between the whole diversion channel and the air filtering channel 3 needs to be considered, for example, the tangent of each point of the irregular diversion channel and the angle between the air filtering channel 3 are positive and negative angles, and the angles are summed up to obtain a total angle, which is the angle α

In addition, the sum of the sectional areas of the flow guide passages connected to the air filtering passages 3 is larger than the sectional area of the air filtering passage 3.

The housing 2 is provided with an air inlet 201 and a clean air outlet 202, the air inlet 201 is located on the air inlet side, and the clean air outlet 202 is located on the clean side.

Specifically, the working principle of the air filter device is as follows: when air flow with a certain speed exists in the outside air, the air inlet 201 faces the air flowing direction, so that the outside air enters the air filtering channel 3 from the air inlet 201, and impurities exist in the air entering the air filtering channel 3. In the air filtering channel 3, the air containing impurities flows to the deep part of the air filtering channel 3, when passing through the position of the flow guide channel, part of the air enters the flow guide channel and flows out from the outlet of the flow guide channel, and the part of the air is clean air.

The sum of the sectional areas of the guide channels is larger than the sectional area of the air filtering channel 3, and the energy is lost by the friction of the air flow in the air filtering channel 3 and the guide channels, so the air flow speed in the guide channels is slower than that in the air filtering channel 3. The movement tendency of the impurities such as sand, floccule, dust, water drops and the like wrapped in the airflow in the air filtering channel 3 under the action of the airflows in two directions is to move from the air inlet 201 to the deep part of the air filtering channel 3, and meanwhile, the impurities are close to the inlet of the air guiding channel from the central position of the air filtering channel 3, but because the attraction at the position of the air guiding channel is small, the movement inertia of the impurities cannot be overcome, namely the air flow speed in the air filtering channel 3 is higher than that in the air flow speed in the air guiding channel, the impurities can flow through the area of the air filtering channel 3 in which the air guiding channel is arranged before entering the air guiding channel, so the impurities cannot enter the air guiding channel, and the clean air and the impurities can be separated automatically. Wherein, the ratio or difference of the air flow velocity in the guide channel and the air flow velocity in the air filtering channel 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the difference of the cross sections of the two channels and adding power sources such as fans and the like in the pipeline.

Meanwhile, the air flow in the air filtering channel 3 has strong dynamic pressure, and when high-pressure air impacts the inner wall of the flow guide channel, a high-pressure area is generated on the inner wall of the flow guide channel. According to Bernoulli's principle, the air flow center of the air filtering channel 3 has high flow speed but low static pressure; and the flow guide channels around the air filtering channel 3 and the air flow in the area nearby the flow guide channels have certain kinetic energy loss, the flow speed is slow, but the static pressure is high. In this case, the impurities such as particles, floccules, water drops and the like entrained by the air flow in the air filtering channel 3 generate pressure difference under the action of unequal static pressure, and then displacement occurs, and the impurities move to the central position of the air flow with small static pressure and cannot enter the flow guide channel, so that the impurities are smoothly discharged back to the atmosphere from the dust exhaust pipe 5 along with the air flow in the air filtering channel 3.

On the other hand, the air in the diversion channel flows obliquely backward relative to the air in the air filtering channel 3, that is, the air in the diversion channel flows obliquely backward at an included angle α with the air flow direction in the air filtering channel 3, the air flow enters the diversion channel and flows obliquely backward, a static pressure greater than the pressure of the central part of the air flow in the air filtering channel 3 is formed at the inlet of the diversion channel, the static pressure can push the lighter impurities (such as floccules) close to the inlet of the diversion channel back to the central position of the air filtering channel 3, so that the lighter impurities cannot enter the diversion channel, and the lighter impurities can continue to move to the depth of the air filtering channel 3 along with the air flow. And if the heavier impurities (such as sand grains) reach the inlet of the flow guide channel, the impurities impact the inner wall of the flow guide channel, are ejected back to the central position of the air filtering channel 3, and keep moving to the deep part of the air filtering channel 3 due to the inertia of the impurities, but cannot move into the flow guide channel obliquely behind.

Through the three processes, the clean air without impurities can be guided out from the flow guide channel, and the impurities such as particulate matters, floating matters and the like are discharged from the dust exhaust pipe 5 along with the airflow in the air filtering channel 3, so that the clean air is obtained by utilizing the multilayer combined air filtering device. The air flow required by the air filtering work can be natural wind or artificially produced wind.

This device utilizes the air current to directly discharge the impurity in with the air from straining gas channel 3, utilize the water conservancy diversion passageway to derive clean air, and utilize clean air outlet 202 on casing 2 to carry appointed region, realized big particulate matter, little particulate matter and floater and air separation, can provide clean air steadily, can directly discharge impurity when carrying clean air, the impurity of having both avoided gathering blocks up air filter, the trouble of artifical clearance air filter has been saved again, manpower, material resources and financial resources have been practiced thrift.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the angle α is 10 ° to 60 °, such as 15 °, 25 °, 35 °, 40 °, 59 °, etc. Although the included angle alpha is smaller than 90 degrees, the air can flow obliquely backwards after entering the flow guide channel, but the dust removal effect is not ideal when the included angle alpha is larger. The air flow velocity in the guide channel is a vector and can be considered to be composed of a first vector opposite to the air flow direction in the filter channel 3 and a second vector perpendicular to the air flow direction in the filter channel 3. When the included angle alpha is larger, the first vector is smaller, the second vector is larger, the attraction of the flow guide channel to impurities is stronger, the impurities are easy to be led out from the flow guide channel, the separation effect of air and the impurities is poorer, therefore, the included angle alpha is smaller, and the included angle alpha is better selected to be not more than 60 degrees. When the included angle alpha is extremely small, the first vector is extremely large, the second vector is extremely small, air can hardly flow into the flow guide channel, and therefore clean air cannot be guided out, the included angle alpha cannot be too small, and the included angle alpha is preferably not smaller than 10 degrees. Through setting up contained angle alpha between 10 to 60, can make impurity be difficult for getting into the water conservancy diversion passageway, clean air can easily get into the water conservancy diversion passageway simultaneously, from realizing better air and impurity separation effect.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, fans 6 are installed at both the air inlet 201 and the dust exhaust pipe 5, or fans 6 are installed at one of the air inlet 201 and the dust exhaust pipe 5, and the fans 6 installed at both positions can generate air flow flowing from the air inlet 201 to the dust exhaust pipe 5. When the outside has a large airflow, the multilayer combined air filter device can normally work only by facing the air inlet 201 to the direction of the outside airflow, but when the outside does not have the airflow meeting the requirement, the airflow needs to be artificially manufactured to meet the requirement of the multilayer combined air filter device for working. In addition, the fan 6 can be installed at the clean air outlet 202, the fan 6 can generate air flow for enabling the clean air to flow out of the shell 2, the clean air is rapidly conveyed to a designated area, the rotating speed of the fan 6 is adjusted, the effect of adjusting the flow rate of the clean air can be achieved, the air flow speed in the flow guide channel is further controlled to a certain degree, and therefore the effect of adjusting the filtering effect of the air filtering channel 3 is achieved. The fan 6 is arranged at the air inlet 201 or the dust exhaust pipe 5, or the fans 6 are arranged at two positions, so that the device can remove impurities and lead out clean air without depending on external air flow, the air flow speed is adjustable, and the working process is more efficient.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filter air channel 3 comprises a constriction zone 301 and an expansion zone 302. Wherein the cross-sectional area of the expansion region 302 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the tightening region 301. Two ends of the expansion area 302 are respectively connected with a section of tightening area 301, and after entering the air filtering channel, the air firstly enters the tightening area 301, then enters the expansion area 302, then enters the tightening area 301 of the next section, and finally flows to the dust exhaust pipe 5. The flow guide channels are all arranged in the expansion area 302, and the side wall of the tightening area 301 is not connected with the flow guide channels. The connection between the sidewall of the expansion region 302 and the sidewall of the tightening region 301 is a transition sidewall 303, which is used for the transition between the expansion region 302 and the tightening region 301, so that an angle is inevitably formed between the transition sidewall 303 and the inner wall of the tightening region 301, for convenience of description, the included angle between these two surfaces is used to describe their positional relationship, and the included angle is defined as an included angle β, and the included angle β is smaller than 90 °. When the air flows in the tightening zone 301, the sectional area of the tightening zone 301 is smaller, so that the air flow speed is higher, and a higher speed can be provided for impurities; when the air flows to the expansion region 302, because the cross-sectional area of the expansion region 302 is larger, the impurities are relatively far away from the inlet of the flow guide channel, the air flow speed is slower, and the impurities have higher speed before passing through the expansion region 302, the impurities still can keep higher speed to pass through the expansion region 302 due to the inertia effect, so that the time for the impurities to pass through the expansion region 302 can be shortened as much as possible, and the probability of the impurities entering the flow guide channel is reduced. However, if the transition is performed without the inclined transition sidewall 303 between the tightening region 301 and the expanding region 302, the air will be separated from the inner wall of the expanding region 302 when the air flows from the tightening region 301 to the expanding region 302, and the amount of clean air discharged from the flow guide channel will decrease; when air flows from the expansion region 302 to the contraction region 301, a vortex is generated at a portion where the expansion region 302 is connected to the contraction region 301, and the air flow is blocked, thereby affecting the discharge of impurities. Thus, the transition sidewall 303 should have a transitional shape, i.e., the included angle β should be less than 90 °, to maximize the proximity of the air to the inner wall of the expansion region 302, to minimize the generation of vortices, or to minimize the generation of vortices.

Through setting the gas filtering channel 3 into a structure that the expansion area 302 and the tightening area 301 are connected, and the included angle beta between the transition side wall 303 of the connection of the expansion area 302 and the tightening area 301 is smaller than 90 degrees, the probability of impurities entering the flow guide channel can be further reduced, the impurity removal effect is improved, the reduction of the efficiency of leading out clean air by the flow guide channel is limited, and the whole air filtering channel still has a good air filtering effect.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle β is preferably in the range of 1 ° to 30 °, such as 10 °, 20 °, 30 °, etc. The more gentle the transition portion between expansion area 302 and the tightening area 301 is, the better the effect that the air clings to the inner wall is, and the less the possibility that the vortex is generated is, even if the vortex is generated, the smaller the vortex is, therefore, when the included angle beta is 1 to 30 degrees, the effect that the air in the air filtering channel 3 clings to the inner wall is good, the influence generated by the vortex is small, and the effect that the impurity removal effect is improved and the efficiency of leading out clean air is not reduced basically can be achieved.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide passage includes an air hole 104 and a guide vane 105. The air filtering channel 3 is provided with an air hole 104, the edge of the air hole 104 is fixedly connected with a flow deflector 105, the space between two adjacent flow deflectors 105 is a flow guiding channel, the surface of the flow deflector 105 is contacted with clean air, so the surface of the flow deflector 105 is the inner wall of the flow guiding channel, the direction of the flow deflector 105 determines the direction of the flow guiding channel, and the included angle between the flow deflector 105 and the side surface of the air filtering channel 3 is the included angle alpha. The shape of the guide vane 105 may be selected from a plurality of shapes, such as a rectangle, a square, a diamond, a trapezoid, a semicircle, etc. with a plane or a curved surface. The air holes 104 are formed in the air filtering channel 3, and the guide pieces 105 are connected along the edges of the air holes 104, so that the guide channel can be connected to the side surface of the air filtering channel 3, clean air is separated from impurities, and the structure is simple and easy to realize.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide vane 105 is linear, circular or polygonal. When the linear guide vane is adopted, the included angle between the guide vane 105 and the side surface of the air filtering channel 3 is the included angle alpha, and air flows along the direction of the linear guide vane when passing through; when the arc-shaped guide vane 110 is adopted, the included angle between the tangent at the midpoint of the arc-shaped guide vane 110 and the side surface of the air filtering channel 3 is the included angle alpha, when air passes through, the air flows along the direction of the arc-shaped guide vane 110, and the integral flowing direction of the air flows along the included angle alpha with the air filtering channel 3; when the zigzag-shaped flow deflector 111 is adopted, the part of the zigzag-shaped flow deflector 111 inclined to the side surface of the air filtering channel 3 determines the whole direction of the zigzag-shaped flow deflector 111, the included angle between the zigzag-shaped flow deflector 111 and the side surface of the air filtering channel 3 is the included angle alpha, when air passes through the zigzag-shaped flow deflector 111, the air flows along the direction of the part of the zigzag-shaped flow deflector 111 inclined to the side surface of the air filtering channel 3, then is folded to the direction opposite to the air flow in the air filtering channel 3, and finally is led out from the flow guide channel. The linear, circular or broken-line-shaped flow deflector 105 can form a flow guiding channel to separate clean air from impurities, and is simple in structure and easy to realize.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the filtered air channel 3 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 106 or recesses 107, the protrusions 106 or recesses 107 may be continuously or intermittently arranged, the number of the protrusions 106 or recesses 107 is not fixed, the inner wall of the filtered air channel 3 may be fully covered, or some blank areas may be left, and the protrusions 106 or recesses 107 serve to roughen the inner wall of the filtered air channel 3, so as to increase the surface friction of the inner wall of the filtered air channel 3. The inner wall of the air filtering channel 3 is provided with the bulge 106 and the pit 107, so that the surface friction force is increased, the static pressure on the inner wall is increased, impurities are more stably positioned at the central position of the air flow between the air filtering channels 3, and the impurities are more difficult to enter the flow guide channel, and the device can more stably provide clean air.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the protrusions 106 or the recesses 107 are provided on the inner wall of the filter gas channel 3, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusions 106 or the recesses 107 may be one or more of arc, triangle, and quadrangle. By providing the projections 106 or the recesses 107 having these shapes, the inner wall surface roughness of the filter air passage 3 can be increased, and the purpose of increasing the frictional force can be achieved, so that the static pressure on the inner wall of the filter air passage 3 is increased, and impurities are more stably located at the center of the air flow between the filter air passages 3, and thus the impurities are more difficult to enter the guide passage.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the central tube 101, the bottom 108, the filter tube 103 and the peripheral tube 102 are integrally formed. The close connection between the central tube 101, the bottom 108, the filter tube 103 and the peripheral tube 102 is required to be unable to allow gas to pass through and is uncomplicated in shape and can be realized, so that these components can be directly manufactured as an integrated integral part using a mold. By adopting the structure in which the center tube 101, the tube bottom 108, the filter tube 103, and the peripheral tube 102 are integrally formed, good sealability of the filter structure 1 can be achieved, and the disassembly and assembly process can be simplified.

The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-layer combined air filter device is characterized by comprising a filter structure and a shell,

the shell is provided with an air inlet and a clean air outlet, and the filtering structure is positioned in the shell and fixedly connected with the shell;

the filter structure comprises a plurality of filter tubes, the filter tubes are sleeved layer by layer, the edge of one end of each filter tube is connected with the filter tube in the inner layer, the edge of the other end of each filter tube is connected with the filter tube in the outer layer, the filter tube in the innermost layer is a central tube, the free end of the central tube is connected with a tube bottom to form a closed structure, the filter tube in the outermost layer is a peripheral tube, and the edge of the peripheral tube is fixedly connected with the shell;

the filtering structure divides the space in the shell into two parts, one side, facing the opening, of the central pipe is a clean side, the other side, facing the opening, of the central pipe is an air inlet side, the air inlet is located on the air inlet side, the clean air outlet is located on the clean side, a plurality of gaps are formed among the central pipe, the filter pipe and the peripheral pipe, the gap, facing the air inlet side, of the opening is an air filtering channel, the gap, facing the clean side, of the opening is a clean channel, the air filtering channels are communicated with one another, the outermost air filtering channel is connected with a dust exhaust pipe, and the dust exhaust pipe extends out of the shell;

the side walls of the central pipe, the filter pipe and the peripheral pipe are all provided with a plurality of flow guide channels extending into the clean channels, the flow guide channels deviate from the opening direction of the clean channels and form an included angle alpha with the side walls where the flow guide channels are located, the included angle alpha is smaller than 90 degrees, and the sum of the sectional areas of the flow guide channels connected with the air filtering channels is larger than the sectional area of the air filtering channel.

2. A multi-layer combination air cleaner as claimed in claim 1 wherein the included angle α is in the range of 10 ° to 60 °.

3. A filter assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air inlet and/or the outlet of the duct is provided with a fan.

4. The multi-layer combined air filter device according to claim 1, wherein the air filtering channel comprises a tightening region and an expansion region, the cross-sectional area of the expansion region is larger than that of the tightening region, two ends of the expansion region are respectively connected with the tightening region, the flow guide channels are arranged in the expansion region, the connecting portion of the side wall of the expansion region and the side wall of the tightening region is a transition side wall, the transition side wall and the side wall of the tightening region form an included angle β, and the included angle β is smaller than 90 °.

5. A multi-layer combination air cleaner as claimed in claim 4, wherein the included angle β is from 1 ° to 30 °.

6. The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein the flow guide channel includes air holes and flow guide plates, the air holes are formed in the side walls of the central tube, the peripheral tube and the filter tubes, and the flow guide plates are fixed to edges of the air holes.

7. The filter of claim 1, wherein the baffle is linear, circular or polygonal.

8. The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein the filter passages have protrusions or indentations formed on an inner wall thereof.

9. The filter of claim 8, wherein the protrusions or depressions have a cross-sectional shape of at least one of an arc, a triangle, and a quadrilateral.

10. The filter of claim 1, wherein the central tube, the filter tubes and the peripheral tube are integrally formed.

Images