CN114304140A

CN114304140A - Method for pressing and dehydrating plant leaf specimens in batches

Info

Publication number: CN114304140A
Application number: CN202210057676.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡秀珍; 陈灵灵; 李俊; 王婷; 任静
Original assignee: Hunan Normal University
Current assignee: Hunan Normal University
Priority date: 2022-01-19
Filing date: 2022-01-19
Publication date: 2022-04-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for pressing and dehydrating a plant leaf specimen in batches, which is implemented according to two steps of pressing and dehydrating. The pressing step can be divided into two situations of placing one supporting part and placing two supporting parts, after a plurality of specimen stacks are pressed, the supporting structures are assembled by utilizing the supporting parts, the specimens are placed and are surrounded by the air-tight soft cover, and then the dryer is used for generating upward uniform hot air flow to dry the specimens. The method for pressing and dehydrating the batched plant leaf specimens is simple to operate, the specimens can be prevented from being toppled in the batched pressing process, the specimen pressing efficiency is improved, and the specimen quality can be guaranteed. In addition, the method also reduces the labor intensity of workers when the specimens are pressed, reduces the labor cost, improves the energy utilization rate in the specimen drying process, and shortens the drying time.

Description

Method for pressing and dehydrating plant leaf specimens in batches

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant leaf specimen pressing, and particularly relates to a method for pressing and dehydrating a plant leaf specimen in batches.

Background

The plant leaf specimen is also called plant pressed specimen, and is widely applied in teaching, scientific research, resource investigation, academic exchange and related fields. Collecting fresh plant bodies, pressing and drying the fresh plant bodies in a specimen holder, and then attaching the fresh plant bodies on a piece of table paper to obtain the wax leaf specimen, wherein the pressing and drying steps are key links for manufacturing the wax leaf specimen and directly relate to the quality of the specimen, but the problems of low efficiency, large manpower consumption, long drying time, uneven specimen quality and the like exist at present. For example, in the method for pressing and dehydrating the plant leaf specimens, which is proposed in the chinese patent (CN 201610837715.1), the batch-pressed plant leaf specimens are mostly pressed manually, but in the using process, it is found that the specimens are easy to topple sideways when being stacked due to the large number, different shapes and sizes, and the specimens need to be stacked in stacks, which causes the problem of low efficiency. When the specimen is pressed, the bundled specimen is pressed downwards by manpower by at least one to two persons, and meanwhile, the strapping tape is tightened by one person, so that the problems that the operation space is small, the manpower consumption is large, the specimen is stressed unevenly, the quality is difficult to ensure and the like exist in the pressing process. In the actual sample drying process, the problems of low heat energy utilization rate, long baking time and the like are found. In order to overcome the defects of the existing pressing dehydration method, a new method for pressing and dehydrating batched plant leaf specimens needs to be developed so as to prevent the specimens from toppling laterally, reduce manpower and material resources, improve the preparation efficiency and the preparation quality of the leaf specimens and reduce energy consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome some problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method suitable for pressing and dehydrating batched plant leaf specimens, which can effectively overcome the problems of easy specimen dumping, high labor consumption, low energy utilization rate, low efficiency, poor quality and the like in the process of manufacturing the batched plant leaf specimens and is an improvement on the existing method for manufacturing the plant leaf specimens.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for pressing and dehydrating a plant leaf specimen in batches comprises the steps of placing a supporting part and placing two supporting parts, wherein the steps 1 to 13 are respectively carried out, and then the steps 14 to 19 are jointly carried out.

When one supporting component is placed, the method is implemented according to the following 1-13 steps.

(1) A support member is laid on the operation plane with the holding rod in a horizontal state.

(2) A conventional specimen holder for manufacturing a plant wax leaf specimen is horizontally arranged on an operation plane, the specimen holder is tightly attached to a supporting part, a long edge of the specimen holder is parallel to a holding rod of the supporting part and tightly attached to the holding rod, one end of the holding rod connected with a cushion seat is located on the side of the middle position of the long edge of the specimen holder, an operator operates on one short edge side of the specimen holder, and meanwhile, the operator faces to another short edge of the specimen holder, and the other end of the holding rod is located on one side of the other short edge of the specimen holder.

(3) A piece of corrugated paper is flatly placed on the specimen holder and aligned in a mode that a long side is opposite to a long side, and a short side is opposite to a short side.

(4) Spreading a piece of newspaper on the corrugated paper, then placing the trimmed fresh specimen on the newspaper, folding the newspaper in half after finishing the specimen, aligning the newspaper with the corrugated paper, and then flatly placing the other piece of corrugated paper on the newspaper, and aligning the other piece of corrugated paper with the previous piece of corrugated paper.

(5) Repeating the step (4), stacking the fresh samples one by one to be orderly, and enabling the gravity center of the sample stack to be deviated to one side of the supporting part; when stacked to a certain height, the operator gradually raises the holding rod to a height equal to or slightly lower than the height of the specimen stack to support the specimen stack, and then adjusts the support positions of the support arms (e.g., at different support holes on the pedestal or at different positions on the rough operating plane) to support the holding rod.

(6) And (5) repeating the step (5), and continuously stacking the specimen upwards until the retaining rod is lifted to be basically vertical and is kept.

(7) The supporting part is rotated to be perpendicular to the long edge of the specimen so as to support the specimen more stably.

(8) The specimen is continuously stacked upwards, and the height of the total height of the specimen is slightly lower than that of the uppermost layer support piece after the operator presses the specimen stack with two hands, so that the specimen clamp and the operating lever are placed subsequently.

(9) Another specimen holder was placed on the last placed corrugated paper.

(10) Two filler strips are arranged in parallel above the gaps of the longitudinal battens of the specimen holder, and then the limiting plate is arranged in the middle above the gaps of the transverse battens of the specimen holder.

(11) The operator presses the specimen stack downwards by hand, so that the height of the limiting plate is lower than that of the uppermost layer support piece, and the lever is conveniently put in.

(12) The operator stands in the long limit one side of specimen holder, gets a lever to the fulcrum of support piece (should use the superiors' support piece for the first time) as the lever of suitable position, and place the lever in under the support piece, one end supports the limiting plate on the specimen holder, operating personnel steps on the pad seat of supporting component, hold the lever other end and upwards lift to suitable height, the limiting plate is displacement downwards under the clamping force effect, make the specimen compress downwards, another operator tightens up the specimen with the strapping and fixes temporarily, the specimen is suppressed promptly. In the process, the support pieces are arranged on the supporting part along the height in a layering mode (the layering height is slightly larger than the length of the support pieces), are in a horizontal state, rotate by 90 degrees along with the supporting part and are parallel to the long edge of the specimen holder, and serve as lever supporting points.

(13) And (3) loosening the lever, selecting the support piece at the proper position of the lower layer as the fulcrum of the lever, repeating the step (12), continuously compressing and tightening the specimen downwards again, repeating the operation until the specimen stack is pressed to be proper in tightness, and bundling and tightening the specimen by using a bundling belt.

The above steps (1) and (2) may be interchanged in order.

When two supporting components are placed, the method is implemented according to the following 1-13 steps.

(1) Two supporting parts connected through the stability augmentation part are placed on the operation plane, the two supporting parts are parallel, the distance between the two supporting parts is slightly larger than the width of the specimen holder, and the rod is in a horizontal state.

(2) A conventional specimen holder for manufacturing plant wax leaf specimens is placed between two supporting parts, the specimen holder is positioned on a stabilizing part, a long edge of the specimen holder is parallel to and close to a straight holding rod of the supporting parts, one end of the straight holding rod, which is connected with a cushion seat, is positioned on the side of the middle position of the long edge of the specimen holder, an operator operates on one short edge side of the specimen holder, and simultaneously faces to the other short edge of the specimen holder, and the other end of the straight holding rod is positioned on one side of the other short edge of the specimen holder.

(5) And (4) repeating the step (4), stacking the fresh samples one by one orderly, when the samples are stacked to a certain height, before the samples are about to fall down, gradually raising the rod-holding rod by an operator to a height equal to or slightly lower than the height of the sample stack so as to support the sample stack, and then adjusting the supporting positions of the supporting arms (such as different supporting holes on the cushion seat or different positions on a rough operating plane) so as to support the rod-holding rod.

(6) And (5) repeating the step (5), and continuously stacking the specimen upwards until the two holding rods are lifted to be basically vertical and held.

(7) The two supporting parts are rotated to enable the supporting parts to be perpendicular to the long edge of the specimen so as to support the specimen more stably.

(9) Another specimen holder was placed on the last placed corrugated paper.

(10) The two cushion strips are arranged in parallel on the gaps of the longitudinal battens of the specimen holder, then the limiting plate is arranged in the middle on the gaps of the transverse battens of the specimen holder, and the length of the limiting plate is larger than the horizontal distance of the supporting plates on the same layer.

(11) The operator pushes the specimen stack downwards by hand, so that the height of the limiting plate is lower than that of the uppermost layer support piece, the lever is placed conveniently, and the two ends of the limiting plate are located below the support pieces on the two sides.

(12) The operator stands on the long-side of the specimen holder, gets the lever, with the fulcrum of the support piece (should use the superiors' support piece for the first time) as the lever of suitable position, and place the lever in under the support piece, one end supports the limiting plate on the specimen holder, the operator steps on the pad seat of support component, hold the lever other end and upwards lift to suitable height, the limiting plate is displacement downwards under the clamping force effect (when suppressing for the first time, the limiting plate is two support piece heights of displacement downwards at least, the limiting plate is a support piece height of displacement downwards at least at every turn afterwards), make the specimen compress downwards. In the process, the support pieces are arranged on the supporting part along the height in a layering mode (the layering height is slightly larger than the length of the support pieces), the supporting part is horizontal in the initial state, and the supporting part rotates by 90 degrees and then is parallel to the long edge of the specimen holder to serve as a lever fulcrum. When the limiting plate moves downwards to be in contact with the lower layer support piece, the support piece begins to receive the downward acting force of the limiting plate and rotates downwards gradually to a vertical state, finally the limiting plate passes through smoothly, after the limiting plate passes through, the acting force of the limiting plate on the support piece disappears, the support piece can rebound in an upward rotating mode under the action of the rebound component, is overlapped on the limiting structure again, and keeps a horizontal state under the limitation of the limiting structure so as to be used as a lever fulcrum subsequently. The number of operators is 1-2.

(13) And (3) loosening the lever, limiting the limiting plate to move upwards by the upper support piece, limiting the upward springback of the specimen stack, selecting the support piece at the proper position below as the fulcrum of the lever, repeating the step (12), compressing the specimen downwards again, repeating the operation until the specimen is pressed to the proper tightness, and bundling and tightening the specimen by using a bundling belt.

When the above two cases complete the respective steps, the following steps are followed.

(14) And taking away the limiting plate, horizontally placing the rod to be in a horizontal state, and taking away the bundled specimen.

(15) And (4) repeating the steps (1) to (14) to complete the pressing of the batch of samples to form a plurality of bundled sample stacks.

(16) At least 3 supporting parts are taken, the supporting parts are connected into a stable supporting structure through a plurality of stabilizing parts, a plurality of fan heaters are uniformly arranged under the supporting structure, and the fan heaters are enabled to wind upwards.

(17) A plurality of bundled specimen stacks are placed on the supporting structure neatly and uniformly, and the holes of the corrugated paper are in a vertical state, so that hot air of the fan heater can smoothly pass upwards, and the specimens are dried.

(18) An airtight soft cover with an opening at one end, an elastic band sewn along the circumferential direction and small holes uniformly distributed at the other end is taken, the specimen and the supporting structure are enclosed and sleeved tightly from top to bottom, and one end of each small hole is positioned above the specimen, so that hot air can uniformly pass upwards, and the specimen is dried more quickly and uniformly.

(19) And electrifying the warm air blower, and drying the specimen.

The tools for the above pressing method are described below.

The supporting part is a structure which enables the specimen to be kept stable when the specimen is pressed and consists of a cushion seat, a straight-keeping rod and a supporting arm, wherein the cushion seat is connected with the straight-keeping rod, and the straight-keeping rod is connected with the supporting arm. The shoe is the basis for the support member, making the support member remain stable. The straight-keeping rod can rotate upwards and gradually raise, and can always form a supporting straight-keeping surface for limiting the lateral displacement of the specimen with the cushion seat in the process, so that the specimen can be kept neat and stable without toppling when heightened layer by layer. The supporting arm is a structure which enables the rod to keep stable in the specimen pressing process, one end of the supporting arm is connected with the rod through a connecting piece, the other end of the supporting arm is supported on the ground (desktop) or a cushion seat, the height of the rod is adjusted through different positions (such as different supporting holes on the cushion seat) supported on the ground (desktop) or the cushion seat, so that the height of the rod can be adapted to the height of the stacked specimens, and the rod can be supported to rotate upwards to be vertical finally.

The stability augmentation component is connected with 2 or more support components to form an assembly, and each support component can better keep a stable structure when pressing the specimen. After the supporting component is connected with the stability augmentation component through the connecting piece, the supporting component can rotate in the horizontal plane around the connecting piece (for example, when the connecting piece is a snap rivet, the connecting column specifically surrounds the snap rivet), and the rotating range is 0-180 degrees. The connecting piece is in movable riveting, can restrict the displacement motion of the connected object, but can not restrict the rotation motion of the connected object.

The pressing part is a mechanism which can press the specimen under the action of external force when pressing the specimen and is connected to the supporting part. The pressing part is connected to the rod-keeping rod of the supporting part, the rod-keeping rod is provided with a plurality of support pieces, a limiting structure, a rebound component and a limiting plate, and the support pieces, the limiting structure and the rebound component are arranged in a layered mode along the height and are in bilateral symmetry. The pressing part can also comprise two parts, namely a lever and a filler strip, the lever generates pressing force required for manufacturing the specimen by using the support piece as a fulcrum, and the filler strip enables the pressing force to be uniformly distributed on the specimen holder and the specimen. The support piece is connected to the aligning rod through the connecting piece, is horizontal in an initial state, is parallel to the long edge of the specimen holder after rotating for 90 degrees along with the supporting part, and can rotate downwards to be vertical around the connecting piece (for example, when the connecting piece is a primary-secondary rivet, the connecting piece is a connecting column around the primary-secondary rivet). Limiting structure is the structure of restriction support piece rotation angle, and when the support piece was by the upward rotation to parallel specimen holder long limit and was the horizontality, just the overlap joint is on limiting structure and can't continue the upward rotation. The component of kick-backing disappears for external force after disappearing, can make support piece automatic recovery to the structure of horizontality through the resilience of the component of kick-backing, resilience component one end is connected on the beam holding pole, one end is connected on the support piece, can be located on the support piece, also can be located under the support piece, when the component of kick-backing is located on the support piece, then produce ascending pulling force to the support piece, when the component of kick-backing is located under the support piece, then produce ascending thrust to the support piece, all can make the support piece kick-back to the horizontality. The limiting plate is in order to suppress the sample for moving down under the clamping force effect, and the part that sample holder and sample upwards kick-backed is hindered to spacing of accessible support piece when the clamping force disappears.

Preferably, the supporting part, the pressing part and the stability augmentation part are all made of stainless steel materials.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the method is simple to operate, does not damage the quality of the specimens, has high pressing quality, can prevent the specimens from laterally toppling when the plant specimens are pressed in batches, and greatly shortens the time for pressing the cured leaf specimens; the method utilizes the lever, thereby reducing the labor intensity of workers when the specimen is pressed and reducing the labor cost; the method utilizes the thermal principle that air is heated, volume is expanded, density is low, and hot air rises, so that the energy utilization rate in the specimen drying process is improved, and the baking time is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of steps (1-2) in the method for dehydrating a batched plant leaf specimen by pressing.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of steps (3-5) in the method for dehydrating a batched plant leaf specimen by pressing.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of step (6) in the method for dehydrating a batched plant leaf specimen by pressing.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of steps (7-9) in the method for dehydrating a batched plant leaf specimen by pressing.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of steps (10-13) in the method for dehydrating a batched plant leaf specimen by pressing.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pressing part tool used in the method for pressing and dehydrating the batched plant leaf specimens.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a support member, a fan heater, a wind-tight soft cover and a bundled specimen used in the method for dehydrating the batched plant leaf specimens.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the method for dehydrating the batched plant leaf specimens by pressing after the assembly of all parts in the drying step is completed.

Illustration of the drawings: 1. a support member; 2. a rod; 3. a pad seat; 4. a support arm; 5, specimen holder; 6. corrugated paper; 7. a newspaper; 8. a pressing member; 9. a filler strip; 10. a limiting plate; 11. a lever; 12. a holder piece; 13. a resilient member; 14. a limiting structure; 15. a stability augmentation component; 16. a strapping tape; 17. a soft wind-proof cover; 18. a connecting member; 19. stacking the samples; 20. a warm air blower; 21. a support structure; 22. a vent hole; 23. and a support hole.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure, the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

(1) A support member 1 is laid on the operation plane with the holding rod 2 in a horizontal state.

(2) A conventional specimen holder 5 for manufacturing a plant wax leaf specimen is horizontally arranged on an operation plane, the specimen holder is tightly attached to a supporting part 1, a long edge of the specimen holder is parallel to and tightly attached to a supporting part straight-holding rod 2, one end of the straight-holding rod connected with a cushion base 3 is located on the side of the middle position of the long edge of the specimen holder, an operator operates on one short edge side of the specimen holder, and meanwhile, the operator faces to the other short edge of the specimen holder and enables the other end of the straight-holding rod to be located on one side of the other short edge of the specimen holder.

(3) A piece of corrugated paper 6 is flatly placed on the specimen holder 5 and aligned in a long-edge-to-long-edge and short-edge-to-short-edge mode.

(4) Spreading a newspaper 7 on the corrugated paper 6, placing the trimmed fresh specimen on the newspaper, folding the newspaper in half after finishing the specimen, aligning the newspaper with the corrugated paper, and flatly placing another piece of corrugated paper on the newspaper and aligning the previous piece of corrugated paper.

(5) Repeating the step (4), stacking the fresh samples one by one to be orderly, and enabling the gravity center of the sample stack to be deviated to one side of the supporting part; when stacked to a certain height, the operator gradually raises the holding rod 2 to a height equal to or slightly lower than the height of the specimen stack to support the specimen stack, and then adjusts the support positions of the support arms 4 (e.g., at different support holes on the pedestal or at different positions on the rough operating plane) to support the holding rod.

(6) And (5) repeating the step (5), and continuously stacking the specimens upwards until the holding rod 2 is lifted to be basically vertical and held.

(7) The support member 1 is rotated so as to be perpendicular to the long sides of the specimen, thereby supporting the specimen more stably.

(8) The specimen is further stacked upward, preferably with the total height of the specimen slightly lower than the height of the uppermost support piece 12 after the operator presses down the specimen stack with both hands, for subsequent placement of the specimen holder 5 and the operating lever 11.

(9) Another specimen holder 5 is placed on the last placed corrugated paper 6.

(10) Two filler strips 9 are placed in parallel above the gaps between the longitudinal strips of the specimen holder 5, and then a stop plate 10 is placed centrally above the gaps between the transverse strips of the specimen holder.

(11) The operator presses the stack of specimens down by hand so that the height of the stop plate is lower than the height of the uppermost seating piece 12 for insertion of the lever 11.

(12) An operator stands on one side of the long edge of the specimen holder 5, a lever 11 is taken, a support piece 12 (the uppermost support piece is suitable for the first time) in a proper position serves as a fulcrum of the lever, the lever is placed under the support piece, one end of the lever abuts against a limiting plate 10 on the specimen holder, the operator steps on a cushion seat 3 of a supporting part, the other end of the lever is held by the hand to be lifted upwards to a proper height, the limiting plate moves downwards under the action of pressing force, the specimen is compressed downwards, another operator tightens up and temporarily fixes the specimen by using a strapping tape 16, and the specimen is pressed. In the process, the support pieces 12 are arranged on the support part 1 in a layered manner along the height (the layered height is slightly larger than the length of the support pieces), are in a horizontal state, rotate by 90 degrees along with the support part and are parallel to the long edge of the specimen holder 5 to serve as the fulcrum of the lever 11.

(13) And (3) loosening the lever 11, selecting the support piece 12 at the proper position of the lower layer as a fulcrum of the lever, repeating the step (12), continuously compressing and tightening the specimen downwards again, repeating the operation until the specimen stack is pressed to be proper in tightness, and bundling and tightening the specimen by using the bundling belt 16.

The above steps (1) and (2) may be interchanged in order.

(1) The two supporting parts 1 connected through the stability augmentation part 15 are placed on the operation plane in parallel, the two supporting parts are made to be parallel, the distance between the two supporting parts is slightly larger than the width of the specimen holder 5, and the rod 2 is made to be in a horizontal state.

(2) A conventional specimen holder 5 for manufacturing a plant wax leaf specimen is placed between two supporting parts 1, the specimen holder is positioned on a stabilizing part 15, a long edge of the specimen holder is parallel to and close to a supporting part straight-holding rod 2, one end of the straight-holding rod connected with a cushion seat 3 is positioned on the side of the middle position of the long edge of the specimen holder, an operator operates on one short edge side of the specimen holder and faces to the other short edge of the specimen holder, and the other end of the straight-holding rod is positioned on one side of the other short edge of the specimen holder.

(5) Repeating the step (4), stacking the fresh specimens one by one orderly, when the specimens are stacked to a certain height, before the specimens are about to fall, gradually raising the holding rod 2 by an operator to a height equal to or slightly lower than the height of the specimen stack so as to support the specimen stack, and then adjusting the supporting positions of the supporting arms 4 (such as different supporting holes on the cushion seat or different positions on the rough operating plane) so as to support the holding rod.

(6) And (5) repeating the step (5), and continuously stacking the specimens upwards until the two holding rods 2 are lifted to be basically vertical and held.

(7) The two support members 1 are rotated so as to be perpendicular to the long sides of the specimen, thereby supporting the specimen more stably.

(9) Another specimen holder 5 is placed on the last placed corrugated paper 6.

(10) Two cushion strips 9 are arranged in parallel above the gaps of the longitudinal battens of the specimen holder 5, and then a limiting plate 10 is arranged in the middle above the gaps of the transverse battens of the specimen holder, wherein the length of the limiting plate is larger than the horizontal distance of the support sheets 12 on the same layer.

(11) The operator presses the specimen stack downward by hand to make the height of the limiting plate 10 lower than the height of the uppermost support piece 12 so as to put the lever 11 in, and the two ends of the limiting plate are positioned below the support pieces at the two sides.

(12) The operator stands on the long side of the specimen holder 5, takes the lever 11, uses the support piece 12 (the uppermost support piece is suitable for the first time) at the proper position as the fulcrum of the lever, places the lever under the support piece, one end of the lever is propped against the limiting plate 10 on the specimen holder, the operator steps on the cushion seat 3 of the supporting part, holds the other end of the lever and upwards lifts to the proper height, the limiting plate downwards displaces under the action of pressing force, the specimen is compressed downwards, and the limiting plate at least downwards displaces by the height of two support pieces. In the process, the support pieces 12 are arranged on the support part 1 in a layered mode along the height (the layered height is slightly larger than the length of the support pieces), are horizontal in the initial state, and are parallel to the long edge of the specimen holder after rotating by 90 degrees along with the support part to serve as a lever fulcrum. When the limiting plate 10 moves downwards to be in contact with the lower layer of support piece, the support piece begins to receive the downward acting force of the limiting plate and rotates downwards gradually to be in a vertical state, finally the limiting plate smoothly passes through, after the limiting plate passes through, the acting force of the limiting plate on the support piece disappears, the support piece can rotate upwards to rebound under the action of the rebound component 13, is overlapped on the limiting structure 14 again, and keeps in a horizontal state under the limitation of the limiting structure so as to be used as a lever fulcrum subsequently. The number of operators is 1-2.

(13) And (3) loosening the lever 11, limiting the upward movement of the limiting plate 10 by the upper support piece 12, limiting the upward rebound of the specimen stack, selecting the same layer of support pieces at the proper position below as the fulcrum of the lever, selecting the support pieces at the proper position below as the fulcrum of the lever, repeating the step (12), compressing the specimen downwards again, repeating the operation until the specimen is pressed to the proper tightness, and finally bundling and tightening the specimen by using the bundling belt 16.

(14) And taking away the limiting plate 10, horizontally placing the rod 2 to be in a horizontal state, and taking away the bundled specimen.

(15) And (4) repeating the steps (1) to (14) to complete the pressing of the batch of samples to form a plurality of bundled sample stacks 19.

(16) At least 3 supporting parts 1 are taken, the supporting parts are connected into a stable supporting structure 21 by a plurality of stabilizing parts 15, a plurality of warm air blowers 20 are uniformly arranged under the supporting structure, and the warm air blowers are enabled to wind upwards.

(17) The bundled specimen stacks 19 are placed evenly on the support structure 21 with the apertures of the corrugated paper 6 in an upright position in order to allow the hot air from the fan heater 20 to pass smoothly upwards and thus dry the specimens.

(18) An air-tight soft cover 17 with an opening at one end and an elastic band sewn along the circumferential direction and vent holes 22 uniformly distributed at the other end is taken to surround and tightly sleeve the specimen stack 19 and the supporting structure 21 from top to bottom, and one end with the vent holes uniformly distributed is positioned above so that hot air can uniformly pass upwards to dry the specimens more quickly and uniformly.

(19) And electrifying the warm air blower 20 to dry the specimen.

The tools for the above pressing method are described below.

As shown in fig. 2, the supporting member 1 is a structure for keeping the specimen stable when pressing the specimen, the number of the supporting member is 2, and the supporting member is composed of a pad 3, a rod 2 and a supporting arm 4, the pad is connected with the rod, and the rod is connected with the supporting arm. The pad 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped and is the base of the support member 1 to stabilize the support member, and has support holes 23 to provide support points for the support arms 4. The straight-keeping rod 2 can rotate upwards and gradually raise, a supporting straight-keeping surface for limiting the lateral displacement of the specimen can be formed with the cushion base 3 all the time in the process, the specimen can be kept neat and stable without toppling when heightened layer by layer, the straight-keeping rod is firstly placed horizontally and then can rotate upwards by 90 degrees to be in an upright state, a limiting structure 14 (a rectangular limiting hole) is arranged on the straight-keeping rod, and the cross section of the upper part of the straight-keeping rod is in a perforated rectangular form. The supporting arm 4 is a structure which enables the straight-keeping rod 2 to keep stable in the specimen pressing process, one end of the supporting arm is connected with the straight-keeping rod, the other end of the supporting arm is supported on the cushion base 3, the height of the straight-keeping rod is adjusted through different supporting holes 23 which are supported on the cushion base, so that the height of the straight-keeping rod is matched with the height of the stacked specimens, and the straight-keeping rod can be supported to rotate upwards to be vertical finally.

As shown in fig. 1, the stabilizing member 15 is an assembly formed by connecting 2 or more supporting members 1, and can maintain the stability of each supporting member when pressing a specimen. After the supporting component 1 is connected with the stability augmentation component 15 through the connecting piece (snap rivet) 18, the supporting component can rotate around the connecting column of the snap rivet in the horizontal plane, and the rotating range is 0-180 degrees. The connecting member 18 is a living rivet which can restrict the displacement motion of the connected object but cannot restrict the rotation motion of the connected object.

As shown in fig. 6, the pressing member 8 is a mechanism that can press the specimen by an external force when pressing the specimen, and is connected to the support member. The pressing part 8 is connected on the straightening rod 2 and is provided with a plurality of support pieces 12, a limiting structure 14, a rebounding component 13 and a limiting plate 10, and the support pieces, the limiting structure and the rebounding component are arranged in a layered mode along the height and are in bilateral symmetry. The pressing part 8 can also comprise a lever 11 and a cushion strip 9, wherein the lever utilizes the support sheet 12 as a fulcrum to generate pressing force required by the preparation of the specimen, and the cushion strip enables the pressing force to be evenly distributed on the specimen holder 5 and the specimen. The support sheet 12 is a cuboid, is connected to the aligning rod through a connecting piece (mother-son rivet) 18, is horizontal in an initial state, is parallel to the long edge of the specimen holder after rotating 90 degrees along with the supporting part 1, and can rotate downwards to a vertical state around a connecting column of the mother-son rivet. The limiting structure 14 is a rectangular hole formed in the rod holding rod 2 and can limit the rotation angle of the support sheet 12, and when the support sheet is rotated upwards to be parallel to the long edge of the specimen holder and is in a horizontal state, the support sheet is just lapped on the limiting structure 14 and cannot continue to rotate upwards. The resilient member 13 is a torsion spring, and is connected to the straightening rod 2 through a connecting piece 18 and supported below the support piece 12, so that the support piece can automatically return to a horizontal state after external force disappears. Limiting plate 10 is the cuboid, and length is greater than the horizontal distance between the layer support piece 12 in both sides, moves down in order to press the sample under the clamping force effect, and the spacing of accessible support piece hinders sample holder 5 and the sample upwards kick-backs when the clamping force disappears.

Preferably, the supporting part 1, the pressing part 8 and the stability increasing part 15 are all made of stainless steel materials.

Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing embodiments illustrate the general principles and features of the present invention, which can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art. The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for pressing and dehydrating a plant leaf specimen in batches is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the first large-step pressing process comprises the following steps:

(1) the supporting component is horizontally placed on the operation plane, and the rod is enabled to be in a horizontal state;

(2) placing a specimen holder, wherein the specimen holder is tightly attached to the supporting part, the long edge of the specimen holder is parallel to and tightly attached to the straight-holding rod of the supporting part, one end of the straight-holding rod, which is connected with the cushion seat, is positioned at the middle position side of the long edge of the specimen holder, an operator operates at one short edge side of the specimen holder and faces the other short edge of the specimen holder, and the other end of the straight-holding rod is positioned at one side of the other short edge of the specimen holder;

(3) horizontally placing a piece of corrugated paper on a specimen holder, and aligning the corrugated paper in a manner that a long side is opposite to a long side, and a short side is opposite to a short side;

(4) spreading a piece of newspaper on the corrugated paper, then placing the trimmed fresh specimen on the newspaper, folding the newspaper in half after finishing the specimen, aligning the newspaper with the corrugated paper, and then flatly placing the other piece of corrugated paper on the newspaper, and aligning the other piece of corrugated paper with the previous piece of corrugated paper;

(5) repeating the step (4), stacking the fresh samples orderly one by one, when the samples are stacked to a certain height and before the samples are about to topple, gradually raising the rod-keeping rod by an operator to a height equal to or slightly lower than the height of the sample stack so as to support the sample stack, and then adjusting the supporting position of the supporting arm to support the rod-keeping rod;

(6) repeating the step (5), and continuously stacking the specimens upwards until the retaining rod is lifted to be vertical;

(7) rotating the supporting part to make the supporting part perpendicular to the long edge of the specimen to support the specimen more stably;

(8) continuously stacking the samples upwards, and preferably, after the operator presses the sample stack with two hands, the total height of the samples is slightly lower than the height of the support piece at the uppermost layer, so that the sample clamp and the operation lever are placed subsequently;

(9) placing another specimen holder on the finally placed corrugated paper;

(10) placing the two filler strips on the gaps of the longitudinal battens of the specimen holder in parallel, and then placing the limiting plate on the gaps of the transverse battens of the specimen holder in the middle;

(11) an operator presses the specimen stack downwards by hands to enable the height of the limiting plate to be lower than that of the uppermost layer of the support sheet;

(12) an operator stands on the long side of the specimen holder, takes the lever, takes a support piece (the uppermost support piece is suitable for the first time) in a proper position as a fulcrum of the lever, places the lever below the support piece, presses one end of the lever against a limiting plate on the specimen holder, steps on a cushion seat of a supporting part by the operator, holds the other end of the lever to be lifted upwards to a proper height, and moves downwards under the action of a pressing force by the limiting plate to compress the specimen downwards, temporarily fixes the compressed specimen and limits the upward rebound of the specimen;

(13) loosening the lever, selecting the support piece at the proper position of the lower layer as the fulcrum of the lever, repeating the step (12), continuously compressing and tightening the specimen downwards again, repeating the operation until the specimen stack is pressed to be proper in tightness, and bundling the specimen by using a bundling belt;

(14) taking away the limiting plate, horizontally placing the rod to be horizontal, and taking away the bundled specimen;

(15) repeating the steps (1) to (14) to press batch samples to form a plurality of bundled sample stacks;

the following second major drying process steps are as follows:

(16) connecting a plurality of supporting parts and a plurality of stability augmentation parts to form a stable supporting structure, uniformly arranging a plurality of fan heaters under the supporting structure, and enabling the fan heaters to wind upwards;

(17) the bundled specimen stacks are placed on a supporting structure regularly and uniformly, and the holes of the corrugated paper are in a vertical state, so that hot air of a fan heater can smoothly pass upwards, and the specimens are dried;

(18) taking an airtight soft cover with an opening at one end, sewing an elastic band along the circumferential direction and uniformly distributing small holes at the other end, surrounding and sleeving the specimen and the supporting structure tightly from top to bottom, and enabling one end of the uniformly distributed small holes to be positioned above so that hot air can uniformly pass upwards, and drying the specimen more quickly and uniformly;

(19) and electrifying the warm air blower, and drying the specimen.

2. The method for pressing and dehydrating the batch plant leaf specimens according to claim 1, wherein the pressing step can be divided into two cases of placing one supporting part and placing two supporting parts.

3. The method for batch compression dewatering of plant leaf specimens according to claim 1, wherein the order of step (2) of step (1) is interchangeable when a support member is placed.

4. The method for batch compression and dehydration of plant wax leaf specimens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specimen is clamped on the operation plane when one supporting component is placed, and the specimen is clamped on the stability increasing component when two supporting components are placed.

5. The method for pressing and dehydrating the batch of the plant leaf specimens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the limiting plate and the support plate limit the upward rebound of the specimens after the two supporting parts are placed and the specimen is pressed downwards by the lever in the step (12).

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein when two supporting members are placed, the limiting plate is displaced downward by the pressing force (the limiting plate is displaced downward by at least two support piece heights when the two supporting members are pressed for the first time, and thereafter the limiting plate is displaced downward by at least one support piece height each time), so that the specimen is compressed downward, and in the process, a plurality of support pieces are arranged on the supporting members in layers along the height (the layered height is slightly larger than the support piece length) and are in the initial state, the support pieces are parallel to the long side of the specimen holder after rotating for 90 degrees and serve as lever fulcrums, when the limiting plate is displaced downward to be in contact with the support pieces on the lower layer, the support pieces start to be acted downward by the limiting plate and gradually rotate downward to the vertical state, and finally the limiting plate passes through smoothly, and after the action force of the limiting plate on the support pieces disappears, the support piece can upwards rotate to rebound under the effect of the rebound component, is overlapped on the limiting structure again, and keeps a horizontal state under the limitation of the limiting structure, so that the support piece can be used as a lever fulcrum subsequently, the lever is loosened, the upper support piece limits the limiting plate to upwards move, and the upward rebound of the specimen stack is limited at the same time.