CN114303620A - Grain flow measuring device and yield measuring method of combine harvester - Google Patents
Grain flow measuring device and yield measuring method of combine harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN114303620A CN114303620A CN202111597101.8A CN202111597101A CN114303620A CN 114303620 A CN114303620 A CN 114303620A CN 202111597101 A CN202111597101 A CN 202111597101A CN 114303620 A CN114303620 A CN 114303620A
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Abstract
The invention provides a grain flow measuring device and a grain flow measuring method of a combine harvester, which adopt a method for counting the grain quantity to accurately measure the quantity and the flow of grains, can relatively accurately measure the quality and the flow of the grains only by measuring the thousand grain weight of the grains, thereby calculating the real-time yield of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crop flow yield testing, in particular to a grain flow measuring device and a yield testing method of a combine harvester.
Background
Precision agriculture first requires the acquisition of various field information, where crop yield information is particularly important. The modernized farming operation technology and management can be implemented in a positioning, timing and quantitative manner only by establishing a spatial difference distribution map of the crop yield with accurate real-time crop yield information. For example, variable rate fertilization can be implemented according to the spatial distribution condition of the crop yield, and accurate fertilization can be performed according to the crop condition, so that the fertilizer utilization rate can be improved, and the cost can be reduced.
Under the condition that the combine harvester is generally used for harvesting crops at present, the premise of accurately measuring the yield is to accurately acquire the real-time flow of grains in the harvester. The kernel flow measuring sensor and the measuring device are core components of the yield measuring system. There are many different ways to measure seed flow. Some detect the shape of piling up of seed grain in the lift through photoelectric sensor and roughly judge seed grain flow variation condition, some estimate seed grain flow through measuring the change in capacitance when seed grain flows through the condenser, some estimate seed grain flow through strain induction system strain change when receiving the impact of seed grain flow and turn into the change condition of signal of telecommunication, some judge seed grain change condition through detecting the interior seed grain of grain bin and estimate.
The seed flow measuring methods are indirect measuring methods. Some methods estimate the change situation of the volume flow of the seeds by the change situations of the accumulation shape, the volume and the like, and convert the change situation into the mass flow through the volume rate; some sensors measure the change conditions of electricity, magnetism, rays and the like caused by the change of the grain flow to estimate the grain flow. The grain flow measurement methods have the problems of large detection result error, unstable performance, easiness in being influenced by other factors and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a grain flow measuring device and a grain flow measuring method of a combine harvester.
Combine grain flow measuring device, including grain flow measuring device, grain flow measuring device installs the department of the upper mouth at the combine granary, grain flow measuring device connects harvester granary and advances grain screw feeder, its characterized in that: the grain flow measuring device comprises a first-stage distributor, a first-stage Venturi tube, a second-stage distributor, a second-stage Venturi tube, a bent tube, a three-way connecting tube and a fan, wherein an air inlet of the fan is connected to one tube opening of the three-way connecting tube, the first-stage Venturi tube and the second-stage Venturi tube are respectively communicated with the other two tube openings of the three-way connecting tube, the first-stage Venturi tube is connected with the first-stage distributor through the bent tube, the second-stage Venturi tube is connected with the second-stage distributor through the bent tube, and grain inlets are respectively formed in the first-stage Venturi tube and the second-stage Venturi tube;
the first-stage distributor comprises a first distributor head, a first hose and a first spiral corrugated pipe, wherein double-line large-pitch spiral corrugations are arranged on the inner wall of the first spiral corrugated pipe, the first spiral corrugated pipe is connected below the first distributor head and communicated with the first distributor head, branch pipes are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the first distributor head, the first hose is respectively connected to the branch pipes, one first hose is connected with a grain inlet of the second-stage Venturi pipe, when grains and airflow enter the first spiral corrugated pipe, a cyclone state is formed in the first spiral corrugated pipe under the action of double-line large-pitch spiral protrusions, and the grains and the airflow ascend to the first distributor head while rotating;
the secondary distributor comprises a second distributor head, a second hose, a second spiral corrugated pipe and a photoelectric counting sensor, wherein the inner wall of the second spiral corrugated pipe is provided with double-wire large-pitch spiral corrugations, the second spiral corrugated pipe is connected below the second distributor head and is communicated with the second distributor head, branch pipes are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the second distributor head, the second flexible pipes are respectively connected with the branch pipes, a photoelectric counting sensor is sleeved on the second flexible pipes, when seeds and air flow enter the second spiral corrugated pipe, a cyclone state is formed in the second spiral corrugated pipe under the action of the double-line large-pitch spiral protrusion, the second spiral corrugated pipe ascends into the second distributor head while rotating, the grain in the second distributor head passes through the branch pipe, the second hose and the photoelectric counting sensor in a single, intermittent and rapid mode under the action of the air flow.
As a further improvement of the invention: the harvester further comprises a control system, a swath sensor and a harvester advancing speed sensor, wherein the control system, the swath sensor and the harvester advancing speed sensor are arranged on the combine harvester, and the swath sensor, the harvester advancing speed sensor and the photoelectric counting sensor are respectively connected with the control system.
As a further improvement of the invention: the first-stage distributor also comprises a first end cover which is connected above the first distributor head in a threaded mode, the second-stage distributor also comprises a second end cover which is connected above the second distributor head in a threaded mode, and when the first end cover and the second end cover are screwed to different depths, the mutual positions of the inclined surfaces of the lower portions of the first end cover and the second end cover and the connecting pipe orifices above the first distributor head and the second distributor head can be changed accordingly.
As a further improvement of the invention: the first helical bellows and the second helical bellows are provided with external thread structures below respectively, the return bend is connected on first helical bellows and second helical bellows through external thread structure respectively.
As a further improvement of the invention: the one-level venturi is the three-way pipe, one-level venturi top is provided with first horn pipe, first horn pipe is the loudspeaker form that the end is big mouthful little, the bottom of first horn pipe is seed grain entry, and the oral area is connected at one-level venturi middle part, one-level venturi's both ends communicate tee bend connecting pipe and return bend respectively.
As a further improvement of the invention: the two-stage Venturi tube is a three-way tube, a second horn tube is arranged above the two-stage Venturi tube, the second horn tube is in a horn shape with a large bottom and a small opening, the bottom of the second horn tube is a seed inlet, the opening is connected to the middle of the two-stage Venturi tube, and two ends of the two-stage Venturi tube are respectively communicated with a three-way connecting tube and a bent tube.
The grain flow yield measuring method of the combine harvester is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, before harvesting operation, weighing thousand seed weight of seeds, inputting the thousand seed weight into a control system, reading measured values of photoelectric counting sensors on three second hoses into the control system, calculating the number of the seeds passing through a single second hose in real time by averaging, and further calculating the total number of the seeds, namely the number of the seeds entering a grain bin of a combine harvester through a grain feeding auger of the grain bin of the combine harvester;
and 3, after harvesting operation, converting the grain mass into the grain mass entering a grain bin of the combine harvester in unit time according to thousand seed weight, calculating the yield data in unit area by using a control system, wherein the grain mass has two numerical values of harvesting area and grain mass in unit time.
As a further improvement of the invention: the air flow generated by the fan is divided into two paths by a three-way connecting pipe, one path enters the primary distributor through the primary Venturi tube, and the other path enters the secondary distributor through the secondary Venturi tube.
As a further improvement of the invention: when the airflow flows through the primary venturi tube, the airflow carries the grains to move together to the primary distributor, after entering the first spiral corrugated tube, the grains and the airflow form a state similar to cyclone in the first spiral corrugated tube under the action of the double-line coarse-pitch spiral protrusion, rise to enter the first distributor head while rotating, impact the grains and the airflow on the conical surface of the first end cover, and rebound to enter each first hose connected with the first distributor head, so that the probability that the first distributor head distributes the grains to the first hoses is equal.
As a further improvement of the invention: when the air flow flows through the secondary Venturi tube, the air flow carries the seed grains to move towards the secondary distributor together, after entering the second spiral corrugated tube, the seed grains and the air flow form a state similar to a cyclone in the second spiral corrugated tube under the action of the double-line large-pitch spiral protrusion, rise into the second distributor head while rotating, impact the seed grains and the air flow on a conical surface of the second end cover, and rebound into each second hose connected with the second distributor head, so that the probability that the second distributor head distributes the seed grains to the second hoses is equal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts a method of counting the number of the seeds to accurately measure the quantity and the flow of the seeds, and can relatively accurately measure the mass and the flow of the seeds only by measuring the thousand seed weight of the seeds, thereby calculating the real-time yield of the crops. The device of the invention has the main effects that large-flow grains are evenly divided into one part, the number of the grains is small, the small amount of grains can just intermittently and quickly pass through the photoelectric counting sensor under the action of pneumatic auxiliary conveying, the overlapping probability of the grains is very small, so that the total number of the grains harvested in unit time can be roughly obtained by counting the number of the grains through the photoelectric counting sensor, and the real-time yield is calculated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a grain flow measuring device of the combine harvester of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a one-stage distributor according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a primary distributor according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spiral bellows structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the helical bellows of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first dispenser head according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a first dispenser head of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a first end cap according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first end cap according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage distributor according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the working state of the two-stage distributor according to the present invention.
List of reference numerals:
1. a harvester grain bin; 2. a seed flow measuring device; 21. a primary distributor; 211. a first end cap; 212. a first dispenser head; 213. a first helical bellows; 214. a first hose; 215. a branch pipe; 22. bending the pipe; 23. a first flare; 24. a three-way connecting pipe; 25. a fan; 26. a secondary distributor; 261. a second end cap; 262. a second dispenser head; 263. a photoelectric counting sensor; 264. a second helical bellows; 265. a second hose; 27. a secondary venturi tube; 28. a second flare; 29. a primary venturi tube; 3. the harvester granary feeds grain screw feeder.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1-12, the grain feeding auger of the combine grain bin 1 is generally positioned above the grain bin, and the grain flow measuring device 2 is arranged below the grain feeding auger 3 of the harvester grain bin and at the upper opening of the harvester grain bin 1. As shown in fig. 3, the grain flow measuring device 2 of the combine harvester is a grain flow measuring device 2 of the combine harvester, the grain flow measuring device 2 is installed at the upper opening of a grain bin 1 of the combine harvester, the grain flow measuring device 2 is connected with a grain feeding auger 3 of the combine harvester, the grain flow measuring device 2 comprises a first-level distributor 21, a first-level venturi tube 29, a second-level distributor 26, a second-level venturi tube 27, a bent tube 22, a three-way connecting tube 24 and a fan 25, an air inlet of the fan 25 is connected to one tube opening of the three-way connecting tube 24, the first-level venturi tube 29 and the second-level venturi tube 27 are respectively communicated with the other two tube openings of the three-way connecting tube 24, the first-level venturi tube 29 is connected with the first-level distributor 21 through the bent tube 22, the second-level venturi tube 27 is connected with the second-level distributor 26 through the bent tube 22, the primary venturi tube 29 and the secondary venturi tube 27 are respectively provided with a seed inlet;
the primary distributor 21 comprises a first distributor head 212, first hoses 214 and first spiral corrugated pipes 213, the inner walls of the first spiral corrugated pipes 213 are provided with double-line large-pitch spiral corrugations, the first spiral corrugated pipes 213 are connected below the first distributor head 212 and are communicated with the first distributor head 212, branch pipes 215 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the first distributor head 212, the first hoses 214 are respectively connected to the branch pipes 215, and one first hose 214 is connected with a grain inlet of the secondary venturi 27; when the kernels and the airflow enter the first spiral corrugated pipe 213, a cyclone state is formed in the first spiral corrugated pipe 213 under the action of the double-line large-pitch spiral protrusion, and the kernels and the airflow ascend into the first distributor head 212 while rotating;
the secondary distributor 26 comprises a second distributor head 262, a second hose 265, a second spiral corrugated pipe 264 and a photoelectric counting sensor 263, wherein the inner wall of the second spiral corrugated pipe 264 is provided with double-line large-pitch spiral corrugations, the second spiral corrugated pipe 264 is connected below the second distributor head 262 and communicated with the second distributor head 262, branch pipes 215 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the second distributor head 262, the second hose 265 are respectively connected to the branch pipes 215, the photoelectric counting sensor 263 is sleeved on the second hose 265, when grains and air flow enter the second spiral corrugated pipe 264, a cyclone state is formed in the second spiral corrugated pipe 264 under the action of the double-line large-pitch spiral protrusions, and the grains and the air flow ascend into the second distributor head 262 while rotating.
The harvester further comprises a control system, a swath sensor and a harvester advancing speed sensor, wherein the control system, the swath sensor and the harvester advancing speed sensor are arranged on the combine harvester, and the swath sensor, the harvester advancing speed sensor and the photoelectric counting sensor are respectively connected with the control system.
The primary dispenser 21 further includes a first end cap 211, the first end cap 211 is screwed above the first dispenser head 212, the secondary dispenser 26 further includes a second end cap 261, the second end cap 261 is screwed above the second dispenser head 262, and when the first end cap 211 and the second end cap 261 are screwed to different depths, the mutual positions of the inclined surfaces of the lower portions of the first end cap 211 and the second end cap 261 and the connecting nozzles above the first dispenser head 21 and the second dispenser head 26 are changed accordingly.
The first end cap 211 and the second end cap 261 are screwed on the first distributor head 21 and the second distributor head 26 respectively, the first end cap 211 and the second end cap 261 are screwed in to different depths, the mutual positions of the inclined surfaces of the lower parts of the first end cap 211 and the second end cap 261 and the connecting nozzles above the first distributor head 21 and the second distributor head 26 are changed, so that the screwed positions of the first end cap 211 and the second end cap 261 can be adjusted for different sizes and qualities of grains, and the grains can enter the branch pipes more easily.
The first helical bellows 213 and the second helical bellows 264 are respectively provided with an external thread structure below, and the elbow 22 is respectively connected to the first helical bellows 213 and the second helical bellows 264 through the external thread structure.
One-level venturi 29 is the three-way pipe, one-level venturi 29 top is provided with first horn pipe 23, first horn pipe 23 is the loudspeaker form that the end is big mouthful little, the bottom of first horn pipe 23 is seed grain entry, and the oral area is connected at one-level venturi 29 middle part, the both ends of one-level venturi 29 communicate tee junction pipe 24 and return bend 22 respectively.
The second grade venturi 27 is the three-way pipe, second grade venturi 27 top is provided with second horn pipe 28, second horn pipe 28 is the loudspeaker form that the end is big mouthful little, the bottom of second horn pipe 28 is seed grain entry, and the oral area is connected at second grade venturi 27 middle part, second grade venturi 27's both ends communicate tee junction pipe 24 and return bend 22 respectively.
In the above structure: the first-stage distributor 21 is shown in fig. 3 and includes a first spiral bellows 213, a first distributor head 212, a first end cap 211, and a first hose 214. The first and second spiral bellows 213 and 264 are each constructed as shown in fig. 4, and each has a circular tube having an external thread at one end connected to the internal threads of the first and second dispenser heads 212 and 262 and an internal thread at the other end connected to the external thread of the elbow 22, and the inner walls of the first and second spiral bellows 213 and 264 have a double-line large-pitch spiral protrusion. The first distributor head 212 and the second distributor head 262 are both configured as shown in fig. 5, and are a pipe with a large upper part and a small lower part, the upper end part and the lower end part are both provided with internal threads, the upper end part is in threaded connection with an end cover, the lower end part is in threaded connection with a helical bellows, a plurality of branch pipes 215 are uniformly distributed on the upper part along the circumference, the direction of the branch pipes 215 is inclined downwards, the shape is like the shape of an octopus, the first end cover 211 and the second end cover 261 are both configured as shown in fig. 6 and are provided with external threads, the lower part is in threaded connection with the first distributor head 212 and the second distributor head 262, the lower end surfaces of the first end cover 211 and the second end cover 261 are both conical surfaces, and the inclined conical surfaces enable the movement direction of the seeds after rebounding to approximately face the direction of each branch pipe 215 of the first distributor head 212 and the second distributor head 262, and are more beneficial to quick discharge of the seeds. Hoses are respectively connected to branch pipes 215 of the first distributor head 212 and the second distributor head 262, wherein one first hose 214 is communicated to the secondary venturi pipe 27, the other hoses are opened downwards, and seeds directly fall into the harvester grain bin 1. The second-stage dispenser 26 is substantially the same as the first-stage dispenser 21, except that photoelectric counting sensors 263 are mounted on the second hoses 265 connected to the first dispenser head 212 and the second dispenser head 262 at three different orientations, and the number of seeds passing per unit time in the three second hoses 265 is counted. The structure of the secondary venturi 27 is basically the same as that of the primary venturi 29, except that the opening of the secondary venturi 27 for receiving the seeds is smaller.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the air current that fan 25 produced is divided into two the tunnel through tee bend connecting pipe 24, and one way gets into first-level distributor 21 through one-level venturi 29, and another way gets into second grade distributor 26 through second grade venturi 27, and one-level venturi 29 and second grade venturi 27 are the three-way pipe, and one-level venturi 29 and second grade venturi 27 level are placed, and first horn pipe 23, second horn pipe 28, the mouth is the loudspeaker form, is in vertical position, is the entry of seed grain. The first dispenser head 212 is vertically positioned with the first bellows 213, the second dispenser head 262, and the second bellows 264 together. When the airflow passes through the primary venturi tube 29 and the primary venturi tube 29, the grain entering from the first flared tube 23 and the second flared tube 28 moves towards the first distributor head 212 and the second distributor head 262 respectively, and enters the first spiral corrugated tube 213 and the second spiral corrugated tube 264, the grain and the airflow form a cyclone-like state in the first spiral corrugated tube 213 and the second spiral corrugated tube 264 under the action of the double-line large-pitch spiral protrusions, and rise into the first distributor head 212 and the second distributor head 262 respectively while rotating, so that the grain and the airflow are distributed more uniformly along the circumference, the grain coming out from each branch pipe 215 is evener, and the grain and the airflow impact on the conical surfaces of the first end cover 211 and the second end cover 261 respectively and bounce back into the branch pipes 215 of the first distributor head 212 and the second distributor head 262 respectively.
Due to the combined effect of the above structures, the probability of the grain being distributed to each branch 215 is equal, and statistically, the grain can be considered to be divided into corresponding equal parts. For example, the first distributor head 212 of the primary distributor 21 has a branch pipes 215, wherein the number of kernels coming out of one branch pipe 215 can be considered as a fraction a of all kernels entering the primary venturi 29. In order to keep the overall structure from being too large and the fan 25 from being too large, a two-stage distribution is provided. For example, if one of the branch pipes 215 of the first distributor head 212 of the second distributor 26 is connected to the kernel inlet of the second venturi tube 27, the kernel is further divided into equal parts b after the second distribution. The number of seeds detected from one of the second hoses 265 of the secondary distributor 26 is a times b the total number of seeds.
For the combine harvester with larger grain flow, three or more stages of distribution can be arranged. After the grains with high flow rate are equally divided for several times, the number of the grains coming out of one hose is small, and the grains flow out in a single intermittent way under the conveying of the airflow, so that the overlapping probability among the grains is small. Therefore, the number of kernels can be detected more accurately by using the photoelectric counting sensor 263. In order to further improve the detection accuracy, the three second hoses 265 in different directions are respectively provided with a photoelectric counting sensor 263, and the average value of the three second hoses 265 is taken as the number of grains passing through the second hose 265, so that the influence of different numbers of grains of the hoses on the accuracy of the detection result is further avoided.
The grain flow yield measuring method of the combine harvester is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, before harvesting operation, weighing thousand seed weight of seeds, inputting the thousand seed weight into a control system, reading the measured values of photoelectric counting sensors 263 on three second hoses 265 into the control system, calculating the number of the seeds passing through a single second hose 265 in real time by averaging, and further calculating the total number of the seeds, namely the number of the seeds entering a grain bin 1 of the combine harvester through a grain feeding auger 3 of the grain bin of the combine harvester;
and 3, after harvesting operation, converting the grain mass into the grain mass entering the grain bin 1 of the combine harvester in unit time according to thousand seed weight, calculating the yield data in unit area by using a control system, wherein the grain mass has two numerical values of harvesting area and grain mass in unit time.
The air flow generated by the fan 25 is divided into two paths by the three-way connecting pipe 24, one path enters the primary distributor 21 through the primary venturi tube 29, and the other path enters the secondary distributor 26 through the secondary venturi tube 27.
When the airflow passes through the primary venturi tube 29, the airflow carries the kernels to move together towards the primary distributor 21, after entering the first spiral corrugated tube 213, the kernels and the airflow form a cyclone-like state in the first spiral corrugated tube 213 under the action of the double-line large-pitch spiral protrusion, and rise into the first distributor head 212 while rotating, and the kernels and the airflow impact on the conical surface of the first end cover 211 and bounce into the first hoses 214 connected with the first distributor head 212, so that the probability that the first distributor head 212 distributes the kernels to the first hoses 214 is equal.
When the air flow passes through the secondary venturi tube 27, the grains are carried together to the secondary distributor 26, after entering the second spiral corrugated tube 264, the grains and the air flow form a cyclone-like state in the second spiral corrugated tube 264 under the action of the double-line large-pitch spiral protrusion, and rise into the second distributor head 262 while rotating, the grains and the air flow impact on the conical surface of the second end cover 261 and bounce back into the second hoses 265 connected with the second distributor head 262, so that the probability that the second distributor head 262 distributes the grains to the second hoses 265 is equal
In the above structure: the invention also comprises a control system, a swath sensor and a harvester advancing speed sensor, wherein the control system is a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the control system reads the numerical values of the swath sensor and the harvester advancing speed sensor to obtain the swath data and the harvester advancing speed of real-time harvesting, thereby solving the real-time harvesting area of the harvester per unit time. Before harvesting, the thousand seed weight of the seeds is weighed and input into a control system. The measured values of the photoelectric counting sensors 263 on the three second hoses 265 are read into the control system, and the number of seeds passing through a single second hose 265 in real time is calculated by averaging, so that the total number of seeds is calculated, namely the number of seeds entering the grain bin 1 of the combine harvester from the grain feeding auger 3 of the harvester bin. The grain quality entering the granary in unit time can be converted according to the thousand seed weight. With two numerical values of the harvesting area and the grain quality in unit time, the control system can calculate the yield data in unit area. The yield information maps of different positions in the field can be drawn by positioning the position information in real time according to the satellite, and the prescription map reference is provided for the subsequent variable operation.
The grain flow measuring device 2 and the yield measuring method of the combine harvester provided by the invention adopt a method for counting the grain quantity to accurately measure the grain quantity and flow, and can relatively accurately measure the grain mass flow only by measuring the thousand seed weight, thereby calculating the real-time yield of crops. However, the grain flow rate of the combine harvester is large, so that the counting of all the grain quantities harvested in unit time is impractical, and no instrument can be used for realizing the counting. Therefore, the device of the invention has the main effects that the large-flow grains are evenly divided into one part, the number of the grains is small, the small amount of grains can just intermittently and quickly pass through the photoelectric counting sensor under the action of pneumatic auxiliary conveying, the overlapping probability of the grains is very small, so that the total number of the grains harvested in unit time can be obtained by counting the number of the grains through the photoelectric counting sensor 263, and the real-time yield is calculated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, but any modifications or equivalent variations made according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. Combine seed grain flow measuring device, including seed grain flow measuring device (2), the department of upper mouth at combine granary (1) is installed in seed grain flow measuring device (2), harvester granary advances grain screw feeder (3), its characterized in that are connected in seed grain flow measuring device (2): the grain flow measuring device (2) comprises a primary distributor (21), a primary Venturi tube (29), a secondary distributor (26), a secondary Venturi tube (27), a bent tube (22), a three-way connecting tube (24) and a fan (25), wherein an air inlet of the fan (25) is connected to one tube opening of the three-way connecting tube (24), the primary Venturi tube (29) and the secondary Venturi tube (27) are respectively communicated to the other two tube openings of the three-way connecting tube (24), the primary Venturi tube (29) is connected with the primary distributor (21) through the bent tube (22), the secondary Venturi tube (27) is connected with the secondary distributor (26) through the bent tube (22), and grain inlets are respectively formed in the primary Venturi tube (29) and the secondary Venturi tube (27);
the primary distributor (21) comprises a first distributor head (212), a first hose (214) and a first spiral corrugated pipe (213), the inner wall of the first spiral corrugated pipe (213) is provided with double-line large-pitch spiral corrugations, the first spiral corrugated pipe (213) is connected below the first distributor head (212) and communicated with the first distributor head (212), branch pipes (215) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the first distributor head (212), the first hoses (214) are respectively connected to the branch pipes (215), one of the first hoses (214) is connected with the kernel inlet of the secondary Venturi tube (27), when the kernel and the airflow enter the first spiral corrugated pipe (213), forming a cyclone state in the first spiral bellows (213) by the double-line coarse-pitch spiral protrusion, and ascending into the first distributor head (212) while rotating;
the two-stage distributor (26) comprises a second distributor head (262), a second hose (265), a second spiral corrugated pipe (264) and a photoelectric counting sensor (263), wherein the inner wall of the second spiral corrugated pipe (264) is provided with double-line large-pitch spiral ripples, the second spiral corrugated pipe (264) is connected below the second distributor head (262) and communicated with the second distributor head (262), branch pipes (215) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the second distributor head (262), the second hose (265) is respectively connected to the branch pipes (215), the second hose (265) is sleeved with the photoelectric counting sensor (263), when grains and air flow enter the second spiral corrugated pipe (264), a cyclone state is formed in the second spiral corrugated pipe (264) under the action of the double-line large-pitch spiral ripples, and the grains and the air flow ascend into the second distributor head (262) while rotating, the kernel in the second distributor head (262) passes through the branch pipe, the second hose and the photoelectric counting sensor (263) in a single, intermittent and rapid mode under the action of the airflow.
2. The combine harvester grain flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the harvester further comprises a control system, a swath sensor and a harvester advancing speed sensor, wherein the control system, the swath sensor and the harvester advancing speed sensor are arranged on the combine harvester, and the swath sensor, the harvester advancing speed sensor and the photoelectric counting sensor (263) are respectively connected with the control system.
3. The combine harvester grain flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the primary distributor (21) further comprises a first end cover (211), the first end cover (211) is in threaded connection above the first distributor head (212), the secondary distributor (26) further comprises a second end cover (261), the second end cover (261) is in threaded connection above the second distributor head (262), and when the first end cover (211) and the second end cover (261) are screwed to different depths, the mutual positions of the inclined surfaces of the lower portions of the first end cover (211) and the second end cover (261) and the connecting pipe orifices above the first distributor head (21) and the second distributor head (26) can be changed accordingly.
4. The combine harvester grain flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the first spiral corrugated pipe (213) and the second spiral corrugated pipe (264) are respectively provided with an external thread structure, and the bent pipe (22) is respectively connected to the first spiral corrugated pipe (213) and the second spiral corrugated pipe (264) through the external thread structure.
5. The combine harvester grain flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein: one-level venturi tube (29) is the three-way pipe, one-level venturi tube (29) top is provided with first horn pipe (23), first horn pipe (23) are the loudspeaker form that the end is big mouthful little, the bottom of first horn pipe (23) is seed grain entry, and the oral area is connected in one-level venturi tube (29) middle part, the both ends of one-level venturi tube (29) communicate tee junction pipe (24) and return bend (22) respectively.
6. The combine harvester grain flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the two-stage Venturi tube (27) is a three-way pipe, a second horn pipe (28) is arranged above the two-stage Venturi tube (27), the second horn pipe (28) is in a horn shape with a large bottom and a small opening, the bottom of the second horn pipe (28) is an inlet for seed grains, the mouth part of the second horn pipe is connected to the middle part of the two-stage Venturi tube (27), and two ends of the two-stage Venturi tube (27) are respectively communicated with a three-way connecting pipe (24) and an elbow (22).
7. The grain flow yield measuring method of the combine harvester is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, before harvesting operation, weighing thousand seed weight of seeds, inputting the thousand seed weight into a control system, reading measured values of photoelectric counting sensors (263) on three second hoses (265) into the control system, calculating the number of seeds passing through a single second hose (265) in real time by averaging, and further calculating the total seed number, namely the number of seeds entering a grain bin (1) of a combine harvester through a grain feeding auger (3) of the grain bin of the combine harvester;
step 2, during harvesting operation, the control system reads numerical values of a cutting width sensor and a harvester advancing speed sensor to obtain real-time harvested width data and a harvester advancing speed so as to calculate the real-time harvested area of the harvester in unit time;
and 3, after harvesting operation, converting the grain mass into the grain mass entering the grain bin (1) of the combine harvester in unit time according to thousand seed weight, obtaining two numerical values of harvesting area and grain mass in unit time, and calculating the yield data in unit area through a control system.
8. The combine harvester grain flow production measurement method of claim 7, wherein: the air flow generated by the fan (25) is divided into two paths through a three-way connecting pipe (24), one path enters the primary distributor (21) through a primary Venturi tube (29), and the other path enters the secondary distributor (26) through a secondary Venturi tube (27).
9. The combine harvester grain flow production measurement method of claim 8, wherein: when the airflow flows through the primary venturi tube (29), the airflow carries the grains to move together towards the primary distributor (21), after entering the first spiral corrugated tube (213), the grains and the airflow form a cyclone-like state in the first spiral corrugated tube (213) under the action of the double-line large-pitch spiral protrusion, rotate and simultaneously ascend to the first distributor head (212), the grains and the airflow impact on the conical surface of the first end cover (211) and rebound to enter each first hose (214) connected with the first distributor head (212), and the probability that the first distributor head (212) distributes the grains to the first hoses (214) is equal.
10. The combine harvester grain flow production measurement method of claim 8, wherein: when the airflow passes through the secondary venturi tube (27), the grains are carried to the secondary distributor (26) together, after entering the second spiral corrugated tube (264), the grains and the airflow form a cyclone-like state in the second spiral corrugated tube (264) under the action of the double-line large-pitch spiral protrusions, rotate and simultaneously ascend to the second distributor head (262), the grains and the airflow impact on the conical surface of the second end cover (261) and bounce to each second hose (265) connected with the second distributor head (262), and the probability that the second distributor head (262) distributes the grains to the second hoses (265) is equal.
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| CN118340018A (en) * | 2024-06-03 | 2024-07-16 | 北京嘉亿智造科技有限公司 | Grain yield measuring device and measuring method of combine harvester |
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| CN114303620B (en) | 2022-11-15 |
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