CA1097149A - Pneumatic seeder - Google Patents
Pneumatic seederInfo
- Publication number
- CA1097149A CA1097149A CA321,588A CA321588A CA1097149A CA 1097149 A CA1097149 A CA 1097149A CA 321588 A CA321588 A CA 321588A CA 1097149 A CA1097149 A CA 1097149A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- seed
- tubular conduit
- distributor head
- pneumatic seeder
- smaller conduits
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/081—Seeders depositing seeds in rows using pneumatic means
- A01C7/084—Pneumatic distribution heads for seeders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/04—Fertiliser distributors using blowers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
A B S T R A C T
This invention is concerned with a pneumatic seeder of the type having a container for seed and a source of compressed air, each connected to a tubular conduit to cause seed from the container to be conveyed through the tubular conduit by a flow of air. A distributor head joined to the tubular conduit distributes the seed to a plurality of smaller conduits extending in directions which are radial extensions to the tubular conduit. These smaller conduits in turn communicate with one or more seed outlets. The purpose of the invention is to provide a more even distribution of the seed as between the smaller conduits by not only deflecting the seed inwardly but also imparting a swirling motion to the seed. This is achieved by providing means such as a helical ridge or a spring within the tubular conduit adjacent to the distributor head to provide both the inward deflection and the swirling motion.
This invention is concerned with a pneumatic seeder of the type having a container for seed and a source of compressed air, each connected to a tubular conduit to cause seed from the container to be conveyed through the tubular conduit by a flow of air. A distributor head joined to the tubular conduit distributes the seed to a plurality of smaller conduits extending in directions which are radial extensions to the tubular conduit. These smaller conduits in turn communicate with one or more seed outlets. The purpose of the invention is to provide a more even distribution of the seed as between the smaller conduits by not only deflecting the seed inwardly but also imparting a swirling motion to the seed. This is achieved by providing means such as a helical ridge or a spring within the tubular conduit adjacent to the distributor head to provide both the inward deflection and the swirling motion.
Description
:10~7~419 This invention relates to an improvement in pneumatic seeders.
The pneumatic seeders of the type with which this invention is concerned have a container for seed and a source of compressed air, each connected to a tubular conduit to cause seed from the container to be conveyed through the tubular conduit by a flow of air. A distributor head is joined to the tubular conduit to distribute the seed to a plurality of smaller conduits extending in directions which are -substantially radial extensions from the tubular conduit.
The smaller conduits may each communicate directly with a seed outlet. But there may be a main distributor head to feed a number of conduits each oE which in turn leads to an auxiliary distributor head to supply conduits which are connected to seed outlets. Examples of pnèumatic seeders of this type are illustrated in Canadian Patent 867,226 issued March 30, 1971 and entitled "Me thod and Apparatus for Spreading Granular Material" and U.S. Patent 4,024,822 issued May 24, 1977 and entitled "Pneumatic Seeder Assembly". In Canadian Patent 867,226 an upright corrugated surface is provided to assist in the distribution of the seed and in U.S. Patent 4,024,822, :
there is a conical distributor head having deflector rings on its inner surface. Both of the devices described in the patents referred to above deflect the seed inwardly away from the wall ;
of the distributor head or the conduit leadi ng to the dis-tributor head, but this does not result in even distribution - to the smaller conduits leading from the distributor head.
In accordance with this invention, it has been found that a more even distribution of the seed as between the 30 smaller conduits may be achieved by not only deflecting the seed inwardly but at the same time imparting a swirling motion to the seed.
~97~9 In accoxdanc~ with a b~oad aspect, the'inyention relates to ~-pneumatic s.eedex of the t~pe havin~ a container for seed and a source '~f compressed air, ea`c~'connected to a ' . tubular conduit to cause'seed ~rom said container to be' convey-ed through'said tu~ular.conduit by a flow of air, a distributor head joined to said tubular conduit to distribute said seed to a plurality of smaller conduits extending in directions which are substantially radial extensions from said tubular condui~, said smaller conduits communicating ~ith one or more seed outlets, the improvement comprising means located within the distribution head or in said tubular condu.it adjacent to the distributor head to deflect the seed in~ardly from the inner surface of the tuhular conduit or distri.butor head and at the same time impart a swirling motion to the seed.
.. .
: : .
:` :
-.. . .
,, 9714~
In accordance with this invention in a morelimited aspect, this is achieved by a helical ridge, preferably provided by a coil spring. The coil spring may be located in the distributor head itself or in an adjacent section of the conduit leading to the distributor head. Preferably the coil spring has contiguous turns both to provide the maximum interior surface area capable of imparting a swirling motion and to minimize trapping of the seed under the coils.
In the drawings illustrating the preferred embodi-ment of this invention: ~ -Figure 1 is a side elevation view of a pneumatic ~ -seeder of the type with which this lnvention is concerned;
Figure 2 is an enlarged side elevation of the seed outlets shown in Figure l;
Figure 3 is a plan view of a distributor head in accordance with this invention;
Figure 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of l Figure 3. .
In Figure 1 a pneumatic seeder is illustrated in ~;
which fan 10 forces air through conduit 11. A container for ;
~` seed 12 is supported by frame 13 which in turn is supported by wheel assemblies 14. Seed is metered by seed wheel 15 ;
from container 12 into conduit 11 which carries the seed to a primary distributor or manifold 16. A number of conduits 17 such as six conduits are supplied with seed by manifold 16.
For clarity only one such conduit 17 is illustrated.
Conduit 17 leads to a secondary manifold or distributor head 18 which distributes the seed amond a number such as six conduits 19 which lead to discharge boots 20 behind cultivator shanks 21, as illustrated in Figure 2 secondary manifold or distributor head 18 is supported by frame member 22 ,, .
~.- ~ "" ` ' ' . ;
~L097~49 on platform 23 which is in turn mounted on wheel assemblies 24.
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate secondary manifold or distributor head 18 whic~ as illustrated, has six outlets 25 leading to conduits 19, a flat top portion 26 and a dependant tube 27 to communicate with conduit 17. A coil spring 28 is fitted within conduit 17 adjacent to distributor head 26. It will, however, be appreciated that tube 27 could be lengthened and part or all of the spring 28 could be inserted within the manifold itself. Coil spring 28 has turns 29 continuous to each other to provide good utilization of the available interior surface area and to minimize entrapment of seed between or beneath the turns.
In operation the seed distributed by manifold 16 will flow along conduit 17. There will be a tendency for the seed to hug the interior surface of the conduit. There will also, due to gravity and the effect of factors such as ` the curvature in conduit 17, be a tendency for the seed on `~ part of the interior wall of conduit 17 to be thicker than that travelling along other parts. A conseguence is that in the absence of this invention the distribution among conduits 19 would be ~uite uneven. However, when the seed reaches the area of spring 28 in accordance with this invention, it will he deflected by the coils inwardly from the wall o~ conduit 17 ` and the helical configuration of the spring will result in a swirling motion which ordinarily results in a reduction of the unevenness of distribution which woula otherwise occur.
In comparative tests to determine the seed dis-- tribution by weight with wheat, oats and corn, the following results were obtained comparing a spring body, a straight corrugated body, and a tapered corrugated body:
~-~9~9L9 Seed Coefficient of Variation Spring Straight Tapered Corrugated Corrugated Wheat 6 12 8 Oats 5 10 28 Corn 9 9 11 The coefficient of variation is commonly used to describe the variation of application rate among individual discharge groups. The lower the coefficient of variation, the 10 better the distribution. The coefficient of variation may be ~-defined as follows:
,F - 2 ~= I ~ (Xl - X ~
`: ;
Xl - weight of a sample (i.e. lb) `;
X - mean of samples (i.e. lb) summation N - number of samples _ standard deviation :":
~ ~ .
Cv = 100 x U ~
X
Cv - Coefficient of variation in %
.
~ .
:
, ' ' . '' ~ ,
The pneumatic seeders of the type with which this invention is concerned have a container for seed and a source of compressed air, each connected to a tubular conduit to cause seed from the container to be conveyed through the tubular conduit by a flow of air. A distributor head is joined to the tubular conduit to distribute the seed to a plurality of smaller conduits extending in directions which are -substantially radial extensions from the tubular conduit.
The smaller conduits may each communicate directly with a seed outlet. But there may be a main distributor head to feed a number of conduits each oE which in turn leads to an auxiliary distributor head to supply conduits which are connected to seed outlets. Examples of pnèumatic seeders of this type are illustrated in Canadian Patent 867,226 issued March 30, 1971 and entitled "Me thod and Apparatus for Spreading Granular Material" and U.S. Patent 4,024,822 issued May 24, 1977 and entitled "Pneumatic Seeder Assembly". In Canadian Patent 867,226 an upright corrugated surface is provided to assist in the distribution of the seed and in U.S. Patent 4,024,822, :
there is a conical distributor head having deflector rings on its inner surface. Both of the devices described in the patents referred to above deflect the seed inwardly away from the wall ;
of the distributor head or the conduit leadi ng to the dis-tributor head, but this does not result in even distribution - to the smaller conduits leading from the distributor head.
In accordance with this invention, it has been found that a more even distribution of the seed as between the 30 smaller conduits may be achieved by not only deflecting the seed inwardly but at the same time imparting a swirling motion to the seed.
~97~9 In accoxdanc~ with a b~oad aspect, the'inyention relates to ~-pneumatic s.eedex of the t~pe havin~ a container for seed and a source '~f compressed air, ea`c~'connected to a ' . tubular conduit to cause'seed ~rom said container to be' convey-ed through'said tu~ular.conduit by a flow of air, a distributor head joined to said tubular conduit to distribute said seed to a plurality of smaller conduits extending in directions which are substantially radial extensions from said tubular condui~, said smaller conduits communicating ~ith one or more seed outlets, the improvement comprising means located within the distribution head or in said tubular condu.it adjacent to the distributor head to deflect the seed in~ardly from the inner surface of the tuhular conduit or distri.butor head and at the same time impart a swirling motion to the seed.
.. .
: : .
:` :
-.. . .
,, 9714~
In accordance with this invention in a morelimited aspect, this is achieved by a helical ridge, preferably provided by a coil spring. The coil spring may be located in the distributor head itself or in an adjacent section of the conduit leading to the distributor head. Preferably the coil spring has contiguous turns both to provide the maximum interior surface area capable of imparting a swirling motion and to minimize trapping of the seed under the coils.
In the drawings illustrating the preferred embodi-ment of this invention: ~ -Figure 1 is a side elevation view of a pneumatic ~ -seeder of the type with which this lnvention is concerned;
Figure 2 is an enlarged side elevation of the seed outlets shown in Figure l;
Figure 3 is a plan view of a distributor head in accordance with this invention;
Figure 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of l Figure 3. .
In Figure 1 a pneumatic seeder is illustrated in ~;
which fan 10 forces air through conduit 11. A container for ;
~` seed 12 is supported by frame 13 which in turn is supported by wheel assemblies 14. Seed is metered by seed wheel 15 ;
from container 12 into conduit 11 which carries the seed to a primary distributor or manifold 16. A number of conduits 17 such as six conduits are supplied with seed by manifold 16.
For clarity only one such conduit 17 is illustrated.
Conduit 17 leads to a secondary manifold or distributor head 18 which distributes the seed amond a number such as six conduits 19 which lead to discharge boots 20 behind cultivator shanks 21, as illustrated in Figure 2 secondary manifold or distributor head 18 is supported by frame member 22 ,, .
~.- ~ "" ` ' ' . ;
~L097~49 on platform 23 which is in turn mounted on wheel assemblies 24.
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate secondary manifold or distributor head 18 whic~ as illustrated, has six outlets 25 leading to conduits 19, a flat top portion 26 and a dependant tube 27 to communicate with conduit 17. A coil spring 28 is fitted within conduit 17 adjacent to distributor head 26. It will, however, be appreciated that tube 27 could be lengthened and part or all of the spring 28 could be inserted within the manifold itself. Coil spring 28 has turns 29 continuous to each other to provide good utilization of the available interior surface area and to minimize entrapment of seed between or beneath the turns.
In operation the seed distributed by manifold 16 will flow along conduit 17. There will be a tendency for the seed to hug the interior surface of the conduit. There will also, due to gravity and the effect of factors such as ` the curvature in conduit 17, be a tendency for the seed on `~ part of the interior wall of conduit 17 to be thicker than that travelling along other parts. A conseguence is that in the absence of this invention the distribution among conduits 19 would be ~uite uneven. However, when the seed reaches the area of spring 28 in accordance with this invention, it will he deflected by the coils inwardly from the wall o~ conduit 17 ` and the helical configuration of the spring will result in a swirling motion which ordinarily results in a reduction of the unevenness of distribution which woula otherwise occur.
In comparative tests to determine the seed dis-- tribution by weight with wheat, oats and corn, the following results were obtained comparing a spring body, a straight corrugated body, and a tapered corrugated body:
~-~9~9L9 Seed Coefficient of Variation Spring Straight Tapered Corrugated Corrugated Wheat 6 12 8 Oats 5 10 28 Corn 9 9 11 The coefficient of variation is commonly used to describe the variation of application rate among individual discharge groups. The lower the coefficient of variation, the 10 better the distribution. The coefficient of variation may be ~-defined as follows:
,F - 2 ~= I ~ (Xl - X ~
`: ;
Xl - weight of a sample (i.e. lb) `;
X - mean of samples (i.e. lb) summation N - number of samples _ standard deviation :":
~ ~ .
Cv = 100 x U ~
X
Cv - Coefficient of variation in %
.
~ .
:
, ' ' . '' ~ ,
Claims (6)
1. A pneumatic seeder of the type having a container for seed and a source of compressed air, each connected to a tubular conduit to cause seed from said con-tainer to be conveyed through said tubular conduit by a flow of air, a distributor head joined to said tubular conduit to distribute said seed to a plurality of smaller conduits extending in directions which are substantially radial extensions from said tubular conduit, said smaller conduits communicating with one or more seed outlets, the improvement comprising means located within the distribution head or in said tubular conduit adjacent to the distributor head to deflect the seed inwardly from the inner surface of the tubular conduit or distributor head and at the same time impart a swirling motion to the seed.
2. A pneumatic seeder as in claim 1 in which said means to deflect the seed and impart a swirling motion com-prises a helical ridge extending around the interior surface of the tubular conduit or distributor head.
3. A pneumatic seeder as in claim 2 in which said means to deflect the seed and impart a swirling motion is a coil spring.
4. A pneumatic seeder as in claim 3 in which said coil spring has turns substantially contiguous to each other.
5. A pneumatic seeder as in claims 1, 3 or 4, in which the smaller conduits each communicate directly with a seed outlet.
6. A pneumatic seeder as in claims 1, 3 or 4 in which the smaller conduits are uniformly spaced around the distributor head.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA321,588A CA1097149A (en) | 1979-02-15 | 1979-02-15 | Pneumatic seeder |
| AU51914/79A AU529153B2 (en) | 1979-02-15 | 1979-10-18 | Pneumatic seeder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA321,588A CA1097149A (en) | 1979-02-15 | 1979-02-15 | Pneumatic seeder |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1097149A true CA1097149A (en) | 1981-03-10 |
Family
ID=4113550
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA321,588A Expired CA1097149A (en) | 1979-02-15 | 1979-02-15 | Pneumatic seeder |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU529153B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1097149A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4473016A (en) * | 1982-09-23 | 1984-09-25 | Concord, Inc. | Particulate feeder system |
| US4479444A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-10-30 | Ag-Chem Equipment Co., Inc. | Manometer apparatus and system for distribution of liquid fertilizers |
| US4611545A (en) * | 1984-01-19 | 1986-09-16 | Concord, Inc. | Conservation no till farming apparatus |
| EP0309608A2 (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1989-04-05 | Rabewerk GmbH + Co. | A distribution head for a pneumatic drill |
| US4834004A (en) * | 1987-04-29 | 1989-05-30 | Morris Rod-Weeder Co. Ltd. | Air seeder sample collector |
| EP0873675A1 (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 1998-10-28 | Lemken GmbH & Co. KG | Pneumatic seeddrill or seeddrill with distributor |
| EP0873676A1 (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 1998-10-28 | Lemken GmbH & Co. KG | Distributor for pneumatic seeddrill |
| EP0934689A2 (en) | 1998-02-06 | 1999-08-11 | Flexi-Coil Ltd. | Improved conveyor tube and distribution header for air conveyor |
| CN114303620A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Grain flow measuring device and yield measuring method of combine harvester |
| WO2024017535A1 (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2024-01-25 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer SE & Co. KG | Flow device for at least partially guiding a flow of material to be conveyed, distributor head for an agricultural spreading machine, and agricultural spreading machine |
-
1979
- 1979-02-15 CA CA321,588A patent/CA1097149A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-18 AU AU51914/79A patent/AU529153B2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4473016A (en) * | 1982-09-23 | 1984-09-25 | Concord, Inc. | Particulate feeder system |
| US4479444A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-10-30 | Ag-Chem Equipment Co., Inc. | Manometer apparatus and system for distribution of liquid fertilizers |
| US4611545A (en) * | 1984-01-19 | 1986-09-16 | Concord, Inc. | Conservation no till farming apparatus |
| US4834004A (en) * | 1987-04-29 | 1989-05-30 | Morris Rod-Weeder Co. Ltd. | Air seeder sample collector |
| EP0309608A2 (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1989-04-05 | Rabewerk GmbH + Co. | A distribution head for a pneumatic drill |
| EP0309608A3 (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1989-07-26 | Rabewerk Heinrich Clausing | A distribution head for a pneumatic drill |
| EP0873675A1 (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 1998-10-28 | Lemken GmbH & Co. KG | Pneumatic seeddrill or seeddrill with distributor |
| EP0873676A1 (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 1998-10-28 | Lemken GmbH & Co. KG | Distributor for pneumatic seeddrill |
| EP0934689A2 (en) | 1998-02-06 | 1999-08-11 | Flexi-Coil Ltd. | Improved conveyor tube and distribution header for air conveyor |
| US6227770B1 (en) | 1998-02-06 | 2001-05-08 | Flexi-Coil Ltd. | Conveyor tube and distributor header for air conveyor |
| US6273648B1 (en) | 1998-02-06 | 2001-08-14 | Flexi-Coil Ltd. | Distribution header for air conveyor |
| US6290433B2 (en) | 1998-02-06 | 2001-09-18 | Flexi-Coil Ltd. | Distribution system for conveying air-entrained material |
| CN114303620A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Grain flow measuring device and yield measuring method of combine harvester |
| CN114303620B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-11-15 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Grain flow measuring device and yield measuring method of combine harvester |
| WO2024017535A1 (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2024-01-25 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer SE & Co. KG | Flow device for at least partially guiding a flow of material to be conveyed, distributor head for an agricultural spreading machine, and agricultural spreading machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU5191479A (en) | 1980-08-21 |
| AU529153B2 (en) | 1983-05-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |