CN114302991A - 绒毛浆 - Google Patents

绒毛浆 Download PDF

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CN114302991A
CN114302991A CN202080061389.4A CN202080061389A CN114302991A CN 114302991 A CN114302991 A CN 114302991A CN 202080061389 A CN202080061389 A CN 202080061389A CN 114302991 A CN114302991 A CN 114302991A
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pulp
fluff pulp
fluff
range
defibrated
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H.图夫韦森
M.科尼格
G.索德斯塔姆
A.蒙吉亚-张
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Stora Enso Oyj
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    • D21H15/02—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration
    • D21H15/04—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration crimped, kinked, curled or twisted fibres
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Abstract

本发明涉及如下绒毛浆：其具有在5至18的范围中的Kappa值，并且当呈干片材的形式时具有在30至60％的范围中的ISO亮度，并且具有至少19dm3/kg的呈干纤维分离状态的比体积，并且具有在2至4秒的范围中的吸收时间。

Description

绒毛浆
技术领域
本发明涉及如下绒毛浆：其具有在5至18的范围中的Kappa值，和当呈干片材的形式时具有在30至60％的范围中的ISO亮度，并且具有至少19dm3/kg的呈干纤维分离(defibrated，解纤)状态的比体积，并且具有在2至4秒的范围中的吸收时间。本发明还涉及用于生产这样的绒毛浆的工艺及其用途。
背景技术
绒毛浆通常由来自硫酸盐制浆的软木浆制成。取决于制浆方法，绒毛浆的性质不同。软木浆的原材料可为各种软木物种，诸如斯堪的纳维亚松、云杉、南方松、火炬松、湿地松、西兰松(Radiata pine)、花旗松、铁杉雪松(Hemlock Cedar)、白云杉、黑松(Lodgepolepine)、高山冷杉、或其混合物。
漂白是用于将浆(pulp，纸浆)蒸煮之后剩余的木质素和有色化合物除去并且由此增加浆(包括绒毛浆)的亮度的常见方法。改进绒毛浆的外观的工业实践是将浆漂白至所需的亮度(纸浆&造纸行业技术协会(“TAPPI”)或国际标准化组织(“ISO”))。经漂白的浆的最终亮度为在85-94％之间。然而，漂白昂贵，代表对于环境的显著负荷，并且通常是制造瓶颈的来源。
将浆依次漂白或脱木质素，并且需要使用若干漂白步骤和若干漂白化学品以达到所需的亮度水平。漂白化学品的实例为氧、过氧化氢、臭氧、过氧乙酸和二氧化氯。
考虑到漂白的生产成本、资源要求和环境影响，期望的是能够实现足够的绒毛浆性质(特别是足够的吸收)，但是使用更少资源。
发明内容
本发明涉及如下绒毛浆：其具有在5至18的范围中的Kappa值，和当呈干片材的形式时具有在30至60％的范围中的ISO亮度，并且具有至少19dm3/kg的呈干纤维分离状态的比体积，并且具有在2至4秒的范围中的吸收时间。
已惊奇地发现，具有足够的性质的绒毛浆可在资源使用显著更少、特别是化学品和能量使用更少的情况下生产。
本发明还涉及生产所述绒毛浆的方法。
本发明还涉及所述绒毛浆的用途。所述绒毛浆是以卷的形式生产并且提供给消费者的。首先使绒毛浆纤维分离。经纤维分离的浆随后用于制造例如卫生产品的吸收芯，以及用于各种应用(诸如尿布、失禁产品、女性卫生产品，等等)的气流成网的非织造布。
具体实施方式
如本文中所使用的，术语“绒毛”意指经纤维分离的(即经纤维化的或经撕碎的)绒毛浆。
如本文中所使用的，术语“Kappa值”指根据标准ISO 302:2015进行的Kappa值的测量。
根据本发明的绒毛浆的Kappa值在5至18的范围中，优选地在5至15的范围中，诸如在6至15的范围中，更优选地在5至12或9至13的范围中。
如本文中所使用的，术语“ISO亮度”指根据ISO标准2470进行的亮度的测量。
根据本发明的绒毛浆当呈干片材的形式时(即在纤维分离之前)的ISO亮度在30至60％的范围中，优选地在35至55％或30至40％的范围中，更优选地在36至50％或34至39％的范围中。
如本文中所使用的，呈干状态(即在绒毛浆的纤维分离之后，即呈纤维分离状态)的绒毛的比体积指根据标准SCAN-C 33:80确定的比体积，其涉及确定每质量单位(重量)绒毛的呈干状态的测试试样的体积。在成形单元中形成直径50mm的3g绒毛样品。将样品放置在样品固持器中，并且施加2.8kPa的负荷。在30秒之后测量比干体积(5个重复的平均)。
根据本发明的绒毛的呈干状态的比体积(根据ISO187调节的)为至少19dm3/kg，优选地在19至23dm3/kg，诸如19至22dm3/kg的范围中。
如本文中所使用的，术语“吸收时间”指根据标准SCAN-C 33:80的绒毛浆的吸收性质，其涉及确定使标准化的测试试样被吸收的液体完全饱和所消耗的时间。在成形单元中形成直径50mm的3g绒毛样品。将样品放置在样品固持器中，并且施加2.8kPa的负荷。在底下施加自来水(23℃)，并且记录水达到样品的顶部所要求的时间(5个重复的平均)。
如本文中所使用的，术语“吸收容量”指根据标准SCAN-C 33:80的绒毛浆的吸收容量性质。在成形单元中形成直径50mm的3g绒毛样品。将样品放置在样品固持器中，并且施加2.8kPa的负荷。在底下施加自来水(23℃)，并且记录水达到样品的顶部所要求的时间。在30秒之后停止添加水。在另外的30秒之后，通过测量测试件的重量记录吸收容量(5个重复的平均)。
如本文中所使用的，绒毛浆的“结节含量”指通过使用具有筛网DIN ISO 33101.4mm的Alpine Air Jet测量的结节含量。使用4000kPa负压在丝网上方搅动绒毛的样品，持续10分钟。将剩余在丝网上的结节称重，并且作为总样品重量的百分数报告(两个重复的平均)。
优选地，根据本发明的绒毛浆的结节含量为小于13％。
根据本发明的绒毛浆可通过以下步骤生产：
a)制备硫酸盐浆；
b)洗涤、筛选和清洁所述浆；
c)使所述浆经受氧脱木质素；
d)洗涤已经经受氧脱木质素的浆，并且任选地调整所述浆的pH；
e)将浆干燥以获得绒毛浆，其具有小于10重量％的水分含量，呈卷的形式。
所述浆为硫酸盐浆(牛皮浆(kraft pulp))。优选地，根据本发明的绒毛浆的纤维来源于软木，诸如云杉和/或松。优选地，所述硫酸盐浆达至少90％来源于软木，小于10％硬木已用于所述硫酸盐浆的制备中。因而，所述硫酸盐浆主要来源于软木，但是可含有痕量硬木。优选地，长度加权的平均纤维长度(在Metso Pulp Expert上测量)在1.8至2.5mm，诸如1.9至2.2mm的范围中。所述浆在经受氧脱木质素步骤之前被洗涤、筛选和清洁。
所述氧脱木质素步骤是使用本领域已知的方法实施的，并且可在一个或多个步骤中实施。浆是以湿状态经受氧脱木质素步骤的。优选地，实施所述氧脱木质素，直至经受氧脱木质素的浆达到在5至18的范围中的Kappa值。
将已经经受氧脱木质素的浆洗涤。所述洗涤是典型地使用水实施的，并且可在一个或多个步骤中实施，并且可涉及过滤。作为所述洗涤的一部分或者立即在所述洗涤步骤之后，可调整pH。优选地，经洗涤的浆的pH应当在5至8，诸如5至7的范围中。优选地，所述经洗涤的浆含有小于0.5重量％(基于固体)提取物、更优选地小于0.2重量％提取物、甚至更优选地小于0.1重量％提取物并且最优选地小于0.05重量％提取物。在此上下文中，提取物为例如树脂和脂肪酸。
任选地，可在干燥步骤之前向经洗涤的浆添加过氧化氢。
使用本领域已知的方法，在干燥机械上将经洗涤的浆干燥。在干燥之后，将经干燥的浆成形为卷。经干燥的材料具有小于10重量％(ISO 287)、优选地小于9％、诸如在6至9重量％的范围中的水分含量。
优选地，根据本发明的绒毛浆未经受过漂白。更优选地，根据本发明的绒毛浆未经受过ECF(无元素氯)或TCF(完全无氯)漂白。
可用硫酸铝溶液处理绒毛浆，并且在干燥机械的备料中将pH调整至5.5至6.5，以减小纤维分离能和结节含量。所述处理对吸收性质具有次要效果。
根据本发明的绒毛(即绒毛浆的纤维分离形式)可用于其中典型地使用绒毛的制品和产品中。因而，所述绒毛可用于婴儿尿布、失禁产品和女性卫生产品的吸收芯中。所述绒毛亦为气流成网的非织造布中的主要组分。
因而，根据本发明的绒毛浆在纤维分离后可例如用于吸收芯和气流成网的非织造布中。其可用作液体吸收材料或用于液体吸收材料中，诸如用于尿布(诸如婴儿尿布)以及失禁产品中的吸收剂中。其亦可用于例如餐巾和纸巾中。这样的产品可使用本领域已知的方法生产。所述产品典型地包含一种或多种其他组分，诸如超吸收剂，聚合物，润湿剂，粘胶/人造丝/莱赛尔(lyocell)纤维，双组分纤维，棉纤维，其它纤维，标准乳胶粘合剂，特种乳胶粘合剂，等等。
实施例
实施例1
自在生产规模的浆煮解器之后(“未经漂白的”)、在后续氧脱木质素步骤之后(“经氧脱木质素的”)和在漂白步骤之后(“经漂白的”)立即收集牛皮纸浆样品。因而，所述“经漂白的”样品已经经受氧脱木质素和漂白两者。
将各浆样品用水彻底漂洗、离心、造粒并且在分析之前储存于冰箱中。
实验室片材由各类型的浆形成。使用实验室锤磨机(Kamas H01)使实验室片材纤维分离。
根据标准测试方法测试化学品和绒毛性质。所获得的结果在表1中说明。Kappa值是对形成的干片材测量的。ISO亮度是对形成的干片材测量的。比体积、吸收时间和吸收容量是对起毛的材料(即在纤维分离之后)测量的。片材和浆性质是根据ISO 187在调节的环境中评估的。
表1.化学品和绒毛性质
Figure BDA0003525737990000051
从表1报告的结果可见，与经氧脱木质素的绒毛浆相比，对于经漂白的绒毛浆而言吸收性质以及绒毛性质(比体积)是几乎一样的。
实施例2
自在生产规模的后续氧脱木质素步骤之后(“经氧脱木质素的”)和在漂白步骤之后(“经漂白的”)立即收集牛皮浆样品。因而，所述“经漂白的”样品已经经受氧脱木质素和漂白两者。
随后，将浆离心、造粒并且于冰箱中以25至30％干含量储存在深色塑料袋中。将用于一片材的浆浸泡并且湿法崩解。将浆悬浮体pH调整至5.8，搅动持续10分钟，并且随后在片材成形器中脱水。一些样品用Al2(SO4)3溶液处理，并且随后用NaOH将其pH调整至5.8。
将湿片材压制并且干燥至<7％的水分含量。
根据标准测试方法测试化学品和绒毛性质。所获得的结果在表1中说明。Kappa值是对形成的干片材测量的。ISO亮度是对形成的干片材测量的。比体积、吸收时间和吸收容量是对起毛的材料(即在纤维分离之后)测量的。幅材和浆性质是根据ISO 187在调节的环境中评估的。
表2.化学品和绒毛性质
Figure BDA0003525737990000061
从表2报告的结果可见，与经氧脱木质素的绒毛浆相比，对于经漂白的绒毛浆而言吸收性质以及绒毛性质(比体积)是几乎一样的。用硫酸铝溶液的处理对吸收性质具有次要效果。
实施例3
生产试验是在具有用于绒毛浆的干燥机的硫酸盐浆纤维线上进行的。所述硫酸盐浆是经氧脱木质素的，并且经漂白或未经漂白的。在氧脱木质素之后在线测量的浆的Kappa值在8和11之间。经漂白的对照绒毛浆是在相同的纤维线生产的，但是此浆在漂白设备中漂白至Kappa值为1。
在干燥机处，将试验点2和试验点3的浆用Al2(SO4)3处理并且用NaOH进行pH调整。
根据标准测试方法测试绒毛性质。所获得的结果在表1中说明。ISO亮度是对绒毛浆测量的。结节含量、比体积、吸收时间和吸收容量是对起毛的材料(即在纤维分离之后)测量的。片材和浆性质是根据ISO 187在受控的环境中评估的。
表3.化学品和绒毛性质
Figure BDA0003525737990000071
*绒毛以3600rpm在Kamas H01锤磨机中纤维分离
**绒毛以2500rpm在Kamas H01锤磨机中纤维分离
从表3中报告的结果可见，与经氧脱木质素的绒毛浆相比，对于经漂白的绒毛浆而言吸收性质以及绒毛性质(比体积)是几乎一样的。考虑到以上本发明的详细描述，对于本领域技术人员而言其它改动和变化将变得明晰。然而，应明晰，在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可进行这样的其它改动和变化。

Claims (16)

1.绒毛浆，其具有在5至18的范围中的Kappa值，并且当呈干片材的形式时具有在30至60％的范围中的ISO亮度，并且具有至少19dm3/kg的呈干纤维分离状态的比体积，并且具有在2至4秒的范围中的吸收时间，根据标准SCAN-C 33:80。
2.根据权利要求1的绒毛浆，其中所述ISO亮度在30至40％的范围中。
3.根据权利要求1的绒毛浆，其中所述ISO亮度在35至50％的范围中。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项的绒毛浆，其中呈干纤维分离状态的比体积在19至23dm3/kg的范围中。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项的绒毛浆，其中所述Kappa值在5至12的范围中。
6.根据权利要求1-4任一项的绒毛浆，其中所述ISO亮度在36至50％的范围中。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项的绒毛浆，其呈卷的形式。
8.用于制备绒毛浆的工艺，其包含以下步骤：
a)制备硫酸盐浆；
b)洗涤、筛选和清洁所述浆；
c)使所述浆经受氧脱木质素；
d)洗涤已经经受氧脱木质素的浆，并且任选地调整所述浆的pH；
e)将浆干燥以获得绒毛浆，其具有小于10重量％的水分含量，呈卷的形式。
9.根据权利要求8的工艺，其中所述硫酸盐浆由至少90％软木制备。
10.根据权利要求8或9任一项的工艺，其中实施所述氧脱木质素直至经受氧脱木质素的浆具有在5至18的范围中的Kappa值。
11.根据权利要求8至10任一项的工艺，其不包含任何漂白步骤。
12.绒毛浆，其可根据权利要求8-11任一项的工艺获得。
13.包含经纤维分离的绒毛浆或由经纤维分离的绒毛浆制备的产品，其中所述绒毛浆在纤维分离之前是根据权利要求1-7或权利要求12任一项的绒毛浆。
14.包含经纤维分离的绒毛或由经纤维分离的绒毛制备的气流成网的非织造布，其中所述绒毛浆在纤维分离之前是根据权利要求1-7或权利要求12任一项的绒毛浆。
15.包含经纤维分离的绒毛浆或由经纤维分离的绒毛浆制备的吸收芯，其中所述绒毛浆在纤维分离之前是根据权利要求1-7或权利要求12任一项的绒毛浆。
16.包含根据权利要求15的吸收芯的卫生产品。
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