CN114297823A - Method for restoring ecological system of mountain and water forest field, lake and grass sand based on EBC biological chain technology - Google Patents
Method for restoring ecological system of mountain and water forest field, lake and grass sand based on EBC biological chain technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring a lake, grass and sand ecosystem of a mountain and water forest field based on an EBC (electron beam computed tomography) biological chain technology, which has the technical scheme key points that: the method comprises the following steps: s1, establishing an ecosystem biologic chain model; s2, analyzing the causes of problems of the ecological system; s3, providing an optimal solution for problem solution; according to the method, firstly, the types and the number of key organisms are accurately calculated through the model, and the defects that the conventional ecological restoration method is insufficient in basis, poor in effect, incapable of accurately entering micro and the like are overcome, so that the ecological restoration method is more optimized and reasonable, the scientificity and the accuracy of system management are improved, the impact resistance of an ecological system to human activities is enhanced, and the biodiversity function is restored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to a method for restoring a mountain and water forest field, lake, grass and sand ecological system based on an EBC biological chain technology.
Background
The ecosystem is a living network, including a stable climate and a supply of various materials such as air, water, food, animals, plants, and resources for respiration, and protects humans from disasters and diseases. The healthy natural ecosystem is vital to the physical and mental health of human beings, is a home garden on which precious wild animals and plants live, and is a source of wonderful trails and spirits of human beings. The ecosystem includes the organisms, the interactions between organisms, and the organisms' interactions with the environment surrounding a particular location. They exist in all levels from soil particles to the whole earth, such as forests, rivers, wetlands, grasslands, estuaries, coral reefs and the like, and cities and farmlands are important ecosystems for human beings.
The biological chain is a natural balance of numbers between species in nature. The biochain refers to the interdependent chain relationship formed by animals, plants and microorganisms providing food to each other, and is the key to establishing the healthy cycle of natural substances. Biodiversity floods the earth's environment with vitality and is the basis for human survival and development.
Due to environmental pollution, greenhouse effect and the like, artificial interference and destruction, such as forest cutting, river and lake pollution, gradual drying of wetland and peat land, gradual degradation and excessive fishing of coast and ocean, erosion of mountain land and soil, and excessive development of farmland and grassland, can cause the destruction of biological chains, and almost all biological chains are destroyed in different degrees.
The international society promotes the consciousness of global environment protection, and in order to promote the ecological system restoration process of various countries in the world, the united nations environmental planning agency issues an ecological system restoration manual in 2021 year of the world environment day, which is an ecological system restoration practical guide and points out the reason for slowing down and preventing the ecological system from deteriorating, and a series of actions and methods are provided. Eight major ecosystem types are mentioned in the guideline: ecological system restoration of forests, farmlands, grasslands and tropical spars, rivers and lakes, oceans and coasts, towns and cities, peat lands and mountains.
In the current market, the research on the structure and the function of the ecological system of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, seas and the like is an ecological hotspot, and the adoption of an ecological model is an important means for quantitative analysis of the ecological system. The Ecopath model has been considered by many ecologists internationally to be the core tool for the new generation of water ecosystem research. The Ecopath model was originally proposed by Polovina, Ulanowicz developed the Ecopath model theory module, Christensen developed it into personal computer application software, became a balance of revenue and expenditure model for quantitatively evaluating the energy flow process of ecosystems, and has been verified in different types of ecosystems research all over the world.
The EBC Biological Chain technology is to establish a model based on Biological Chain (BC) quantity balance by using Ecopath with Ecosim ecosystem simulation software (E for short) and applying an ecological system ecological theory and a modern computer technology, and to perform space-time dynamic simulation of the Biological Chain to provide technical support for ecological system restoration.
However, in a specific ecosystem restoration project, from the perspective of engineering or projects, ecosystem simulation is not performed, scientificity is not strong, restoration effect is not ideal, and persistence is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems mentioned in the background art, the invention aims to provide a method for restoring a mountain and water forest field, lake, grass and sand ecosystem based on an EBC biological chain technology, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for restoring a mountain and water forest field, lake, grass and sand ecosystem based on an EBC biological chain technology comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an ecosystem biologic chain model:
constructing an ecosystem biologic chain model by using Ecopath with Ecosim ecosystem simulation software, and preliminarily analyzing the type, function, structure, characteristics and value of the ecosystem and the current state and change of the ecosystem;
the model definition ecosystem in Ecopath with Ecosim is: a series of biological chains with similar biological and ecological characteristics enable all biological chains to cover the basic process of energy flow of an ecological system, and according to the nutrition balance principle, a model defines that the energy output and input of the biological chains in the ecological system are kept balanced and comprises the following steps:
the production amount is the digestion amount + the output amount;
the model defines an ecosystem with a set of linear simultaneous equations, each representing a biological chain in the ecosystem:
in the formula: bi is bio-chain i biomass; pi is the amount of production of the biological chain i; P/Bi is the ratio of the production of the biological chain i to the biomass; EEi is the ecological nutrition conversion efficiency of the biological chain i; Q/Bi is the ratio of the digestion amount to the biomass; DCji is a food composition matrix; EXi is the output, including the fishing amount and the migration amount; the basic parameters needed to be input by the model comprise Bi, (P/B) i, (Q/B) i, EEi, DCij and EXi, any unknown number can appear in the first 4 parameters Bi, (P/B) i, (Q/B) i and EEi, the unknown number is obtained by the model through calculation of other parameters, and the last 2 parameters DCij and EXi are necessary input parameters;
s2, ecological system problem reason analysis:
analyzing problems of the ecosystem, including direct and indirect causes, the direct causes being water and land pollution or changes in use, including returning fish to a lake, returning fish to wet, using land for agricultural use; indirect reasons include but are not limited to market forces such as wildlife product demand, social factors or management problems such as poverty;
s3, providing an optimal solution for problem solution:
establishing a biological chain adjustment target, governing in protection, and optimizing in governing, wherein the biological chain has two nutrient transmission paths, namely a grazing biological chain and a clastic biological chain;
the biological chain optimization process comprises the following steps:
accurately calculating the types and the quantities of key organisms through a model → remodeling the living environment of the key organisms in the biological chain → improving the quantity of the key organism population → controlling the quantity of the biological population descending the biological chain or degrading corresponding pollutants → recovering a healthy ecological system and biological diversity.
Preferably, the EBC bio-chain includes river ecosystem simulation software integrated with material flow and energy flow of the ecosystem bio-chain to ensure ecological balance.
Preferably, the ecological chain optimization process further includes checking an ecosystem health balance recovery state and a biodiversity recovery state.
In summary, the invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for restoring the ecological system of the grass sand in the mountainous and watery forest fields based on the EBC biological chain technology, firstly, the types and the quantity of key organisms are accurately calculated through a model, and the defects that the conventional ecological restoration method is insufficient in basis, poor in effect, incapable of accurately entering the micro-environment and the like are overcome, so that the ecological restoration method is more optimized and reasonable, the scientificity and the accuracy of system management are improved, the impact resistance of the ecological system to human activities is enhanced, and the biological diversity function is restored; by utilizing the EBC biological chain technology, various elements of the mountain, water, forest, lake, grass and sand ecosystem are considered in a general way, the whole elements are systematically thought in a link, various treatment means are applied to the method, the characteristics of a drainage basin are followed, accurate, fine and precise ecological restoration is realized, natural work is done from a natural angle, and ecological restoration and biological diversity protection and treatment are really realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the ecosystem restoration process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for restoring a mountain and water forest field, lake, grass and sand ecosystem based on an EBC biological chain technology comprises the following specific steps:
1. establishing an ecosystem biological chain model:
an Ecopath with ecosimm (E) ecosystem simulation software is used for constructing an ecosystem Biologic Chain (BC) model, and the type, the function, the structure, the characteristics, the value and the like of the ecosystem and the current state and the change and the like are preliminarily analyzed.
Ecopath with Ecosim model defines an ecosystem by a series of bio-chains (BC) with similar bio-ecological characteristics, all the bio-chains cover the energy flow basic process of the ecosystem, and according to the nutrition balance principle, the model defines the energy output and input of the bio-chains in the ecosystem to keep balance:
yield is digestion + yield (including fishing and migration);
the model defines an ecosystem with a set of linear simultaneous equations, each representing a biological chain in the ecosystem:
in the formula, Bi is biological chain i biomass; pi is the amount of production of the biological chain i; P/Bi is the ratio of the production of the biological chain i to the biomass; EEi is the ecological nutrition conversion efficiency of the biological chain i; Q/Bi is the ratio of the digestion amount to the biomass; DCji is a food composition matrix; EXi is output (including fishing amount and migration amount), basic parameters needing to be input by the model are Bi, (P/B) i, (Q/B) i, EEi, DCij and EXi, any unknown number can appear in the first 4 parameters, the unknown number can be obtained by the model through calculation of other parameters, and the last 2 parameters DCij and EXi are necessary input parameters.
2. Ecological system problem reason analysis:
ecosystem problems have both direct and indirect causes. Direct causes such as contamination of water and land or change of use (return of fishery to lake (wet), use of land for agricultural use). Indirect reasons include, but are not limited to, market forces such as wildlife product demand, social factors such as poverty or management problems, etc., which require even policy or strategy changes to be resolved.
3. And (3) providing an optimal solution for problem solving:
aiming at the threat reason of the ecosystem, thinking a solution from the perspective of a biological chain, respecting the natural law, establishing a biological chain adjustment target, governing in protection and optimizing in governing. The biochain presents two major nutrient transmission pathways, namely the grazing and clastic biochains.
And (3) biological chain optimization process:
accurately calculating the types and the quantities of key organisms through a model → remodeling the living environment of the key organisms in the biological chain → improving the quantity of the key organism population → controlling the quantity of the biological population descending the biological chain or degrading corresponding pollutants → recovering a healthy ecological system and biological diversity.
The above-mentioned process of optimizing the bio-chain is well known to those skilled in the art, i.e., it is common knowledge of those skilled in the art that the conditions and control of optimizing the bio-chain are also the same as those of conventional ecosystem restoration.
The traditional ecosystem restoration procedure is as follows:
improving the living environment of key organisms → improving the number of key organism populations → controlling the number of organism populations descending the biological chain or degrading corresponding pollutants;
the ecological system restoration program of the invention is as follows: accurately calculating the species and the quantity of key organisms through a model → remodeling the living environment of the key organisms in a biological chain → increasing the quantity of the key organism population → controlling the quantity of the biological population in the biological chain or degrading corresponding pollutants → recovering a healthy ecological system and biological diversity
Compared with the traditional ecological system restoration program, the method has the following beneficial effects: according to the method, firstly, the types and the number of key organisms are accurately calculated through the model, and the defects that the conventional ecological restoration method is insufficient in basis, poor in effect, incapable of accurately entering micro and the like are overcome, so that the ecological restoration method is more optimized and reasonable, the scientificity and the accuracy of system management are improved, the impact resistance of an ecological system to human activities is enhanced, and the biodiversity function is restored.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A method for restoring a mountain and water forest field, lake, grass and sand ecosystem based on an EBC biological chain technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an ecosystem biologic chain model:
constructing an ecosystem biologic chain model by using Ecopath with Ecosim ecosystem simulation software, and preliminarily analyzing the type, function, structure, characteristics and value of the ecosystem and the current state and change of the ecosystem;
the model definition ecosystem in Ecopath with Ecosim is: a series of biological chains with similar biological and ecological characteristics enable all biological chains to cover the basic process of energy flow of an ecological system, and according to the nutrition balance principle, a model defines that the energy output and input of the biological chains in the ecological system are kept balanced and comprises the following steps:
the production amount is the digestion amount + the output amount;
the model defines an ecosystem with a set of linear simultaneous equations, each representing a biological chain in the ecosystem:
in the formula: bi is bio-chain i biomass; pi is the amount of production of the biological chain i; P/Bi is the ratio of the production of the biological chain i to the biomass; EEi is the ecological nutrition conversion efficiency of the biological chain i; Q/Bi is the ratio of the digestion amount to the biomass; DCji is a food composition matrix; EXi is the output, including the fishing amount and the migration amount; the basic parameters needed to be input by the model comprise Bi, (P/B) i, (Q/B) i, EEi, DCij and EXi, any unknown number can appear in the first 4 parameters Bi, (P/B) i, (Q/B) i and EEi, the unknown number is obtained by the model through calculation of other parameters, and the last 2 parameters DCij and EXi are necessary input parameters;
s2, ecological system problem reason analysis:
analyzing problems of the ecosystem, including direct and indirect causes, the direct causes being water and land pollution or changes in use, including returning fish to a lake, returning fish to wet, using land for agricultural use; indirect reasons include but are not limited to market forces such as wildlife product demand, social factors or management problems such as poverty;
s3, providing an optimal solution for problem solution:
establishing a biological chain adjustment target, governing in protection, and optimizing in governing, wherein the biological chain has two nutrient transmission paths, namely a grazing biological chain and a clastic biological chain;
the biological chain optimization process comprises the following steps:
accurately calculating the types and the quantities of key organisms through a model → remodeling the living environment of the key organisms in the biological chain → improving the quantity of the key organism population → controlling the quantity of the biological population descending the biological chain or degrading corresponding pollutants → recovering a healthy ecological system and biological diversity.
2. The method for restoring the ecological system of the mountainous and watery forest field, the lake, the grass and the sand based on the EBC biological chain technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the EBC bio-chain includes river ecosystem simulation software integrated with the material and energy flows of the ecosystem bio-chain to ensure ecological balance.
3. The method for restoring the ecological system of the mountainous and watery forest field, the lake, the grass and the sand based on the EBC biological chain technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ecological chain optimization process further comprises checking an ecosystem health balance recovery state and a biodiversity recovery state.
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