CN114293283A - Composite inorganic nanofiber, preparation method thereof and application of composite inorganic nanofiber in tumor photothermal therapy - Google Patents
Composite inorganic nanofiber, preparation method thereof and application of composite inorganic nanofiber in tumor photothermal therapy Download PDFInfo
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- CN114293283A CN114293283A CN202111532445.0A CN202111532445A CN114293283A CN 114293283 A CN114293283 A CN 114293283A CN 202111532445 A CN202111532445 A CN 202111532445A CN 114293283 A CN114293283 A CN 114293283A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000007626 photothermal therapy Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- YALMXYPQBUJUME-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chlorate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O YALMXYPQBUJUME-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- JXRVKYBCWUJJBP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OS([O-])(=O)=O.OS([O-])(=O)=O JXRVKYBCWUJJBP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- GZTUDAKVGXUNIM-UHFFFAOYSA-K erbium(3+);tribromide Chemical compound Br[Er](Br)Br GZTUDAKVGXUNIM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
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- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite inorganic nano fiber, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in tumor photothermal therapy, wherein the nano fiber contains SiO2CaO and MOxWherein M is selected from long-period metal elements, x>0. The nano-fiber prepared by the method has good flexibility and high stability, and simultaneously has good photo-thermal conversion capability, and the preparation process is characterized by being obtained by adopting polymer to assist electrostatic spinning and then calciningSimple operation and is suitable for industrial large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tumor photothermal treatment, and particularly relates to a composite inorganic nanofiber, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in tumor photothermal treatment.
Background
Photothermal therapy of tumors is an emerging method of tumor therapy. Compared with the traditional treatment mode, the photothermal treatment has higher specificity and accurate space-time selectivity, and shows excellent effect in tumor treatment. Photothermal therapy is a therapeutic method in which a material having a high photothermal conversion efficiency is injected into the inside of a human body, is concentrated near tumor tissue by using a targeting recognition technology, and converts light energy into heat energy under the irradiation of an external light source (generally, near infrared light) to kill cancer cells. Therefore, the properties of the photothermal conversion material have an important influence on photothermal therapy.
Currently, the photothermal conversion materials in the related art mainly include the following four types: (1) carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene; (2) gold materials such as gold nanorods and nanoshells; (3) copper sulfide semiconductor materials; (4) organic compounds, such as porphyrin liposome, high molecular polymer, etc. However, these conventional photothermal conversion materials have some defects, such as very expensive gold materials and carbon materials, poor biocompatibility, etc., and for example, the preparation conditions of these materials are very harsh, increasing the production cost, and being not conducive to mass production, and these defects greatly limit their wide application.
Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a photothermal conversion material that is low in cost, simple to prepare, and highly safe in vivo.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. Therefore, the invention provides the composite inorganic nano-fiber which can be used for tumor photothermal treatment and has low production cost.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite inorganic nanofiber.
The invention also provides application of the composite inorganic nanofiber.
According to one aspect of the invention, a composite inorganic nanofiber is provided, which contains SiO2CaO and MOxWherein M is selected from long-period metal elements, x>0。
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least the following advantages are provided: the component nanofiber containing the scheme of the invention has low manufacturing cost, good flexibility, stability, photo-thermal conversion capability and excellent biocompatibility, and can be prepared into a nanofiber membrane for tumor photo-thermal treatment; meanwhile, the material is nontoxic and degradable, is environment-friendly and has wide application prospect.
In some embodiments of the invention, M is selected from a transition metal element or a group VA metal element.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, M is selected from rare earth elements.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the M is selected from at least one of Er, Bi, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni or Cu. M may be a transition metal element or other metal element, each of which may have similar properties.
In some embodiments of the invention, x is not less than 1.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, x is not greater than 2.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the nanofiber is between 100 and 2000 nm. The diameter is 100-2000 nm, the fiber can simulate the structure of extracellular matrix in form and structure, and the fiber has good biocompatibility.
In some embodiments of the invention, the SiO in the nanofiber2CaO and MOxThe molar ratio of (0.01-0.99): 0.01-0.5).
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the nanofibers are of the type described aboveSiO 22CaO and MOxThe molar ratio of (0.5-0.99): (0.01-0.5): 0.01-0.5).
In some more preferred embodiments of the invention, the SiO in the nanofibers2CaO and MOxThe molar ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.84-0.86: 0.1-0.14: 0.01-0.05.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a composite inorganic nanofiber is provided, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a spinning solution: mixing a solution I containing a silicon source, a calcium source, an M source and a catalyst with a solution II containing a polymer to obtain a spinning solution;
s2, electrostatic spinning: performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution obtained in the step S1 to obtain a fiber felt;
s3, calcination treatment: drying and calcining the fibrofelt obtained in the step S2 to obtain the nano fiber;
wherein M is selected from long period metal elements.
The preparation method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantageous effects: the nano-fiber prepared by the method has good flexibility and high stability, and simultaneously has good photo-thermal conversion capability, simple preparation process operation and suitability for industrial large-scale production.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the catalyst is selected from at least one of an organic acid or an inorganic acid.
In some more preferred embodiments of the invention, the catalyst is selected from at least one of formic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, oxalic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, caprylic acid, adipic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, or maleic acid.
In some embodiments of the invention, the silicon source is a silica precursor.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the silicon source is selected from the group consisting of silicates; more preferably, the silicon source is selected from at least one of ethyl orthosilicate, propyl orthosilicate, tetrabutyl orthosilicate and polyethyl silicate.
In some embodiments of the invention, the calcium source is selected from calcium salts.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the calcium source is selected from at least one of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium chloride, calcium bromide, calcium iodide, calcium gluconate, calcium nitrate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium hydrogen sulfate, calcium hydrogen sulfite, calcium hypochlorite, or calcium chlorate.
In some embodiments of the invention, M is selected from a transition metal element or a group VA metal element.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, M is selected from rare earth elements.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, M is selected from at least one of Er, Bi or Cu.
In some embodiments of the invention, the source of M is selected from erbium salts.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the M source is selected from at least one of erbium chloride, erbium nitrate, erbium bromide.
In some embodiments of the invention, the solvent of solution I or solution II is independently water and/or a water-soluble solvent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the solvent is selected from at least one of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, isopropanol, tert-butanol, Dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide, Tetrahydrofuran (THF), methylamine, acetic acid, dioxane, acetone, pyridine, or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
In some embodiments of the invention, the polymer is selected from at least one of chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylic acid, gelatin, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, or polyacrylonitrile.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass percentage concentration of the polymer in the solution II is 1% to 50%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the volume ratio of the solution I to the solution II is (0.1-10): 1.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the volume ratio of solution I to solution II is about 2: 1.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the electrospinning in step S2 is performed by an electrospinning machine, which comprises the following parameters: adjusting the distance between the sliding table and the left and right to be 5-40 cm; the advancing speed of electrostatic spinning is 0.1-10 mL/h; the rotating speed of the roller is 50-1000 r/min; the spinning voltage is 5-50 kV, the environmental temperature is 10-40 ℃, and the relative humidity is 10-90%.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the electrospinning in the step S2 is performed by an electrospinning machine, which comprises the following parameters: the distance between the sliding table and the left and right is adjusted to be about 10 cm; the advancing speed of electrostatic spinning is 1-2 mL/h; the rotation speed of the roller is 50-80 r/min. The nano-fiber prepared by the invention is prepared by preparing an inorganic solution by a sol-gel method, assisting electrostatic spinning by a polymer and finally calcining, and the shape and size of the fiber can be effectively controlled by controlling parameters of a spinning solution, spinning parameters and calcining parameters.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the drying treatment is 20 to 200 ℃.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the drying treatment is 50 to 100 ℃.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the drying time is 2 to 24 hours.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the drying time is 5 to 10 hours.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the calcination treatment is 500 to 1400 ℃.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the calcination treatment is 600 to 1000 ℃.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the time of the calcination treatment is 2 to 24 hours.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the time of the calcination treatment is 2 to 8 hours.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature raising procedure of the calcination is to raise the temperature at a speed of 1-20 ℃/min.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the temperature increase procedure of the calcination is temperature increase at a rate of 10 ℃/min. The nanofiber with better flexibility and stability can be obtained by regulating and controlling the calcination process.
In some embodiments of the invention, the calcining is under an air atmosphere.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a use of the above nanofiber for the preparation of a photothermal conversion film.
The application according to a preferred embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantageous effects: the scheme of the invention has good photo-thermal effect, so the invention has good application prospect in the field of photo-thermal conversion, especially in the photo-thermal treatment of tumors.
A photothermal conversion film comprising the above nanofibers.
A tumor photothermal therapeutic agent comprises the above nanofibers.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of nanofibers prepared according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a pictorial representation of a nanofiber prepared in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the flexibility test on the nanofibers prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a thermal image of the temperature change of the nanofibers prepared in example 1 after irradiation with different light intensities;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing temperature rise-power relationship of nanofibers fabricated in example 3 of the present invention and comparative example 1;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of the stability test of the nanofibers fabricated in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention. The test methods used in the examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are commercially available reagents and materials unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality is one or more, the meaning of a plurality is two or more, and the above, below, exceeding, etc. are understood as excluding the present numbers, and the above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the present numbers. If any description to I, II is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features, it is not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "about" means plus or minus 2%, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
This example prepares a SiO2-CaO-Er2O3Flexible nano tubeThe rice fiber comprises the following specific processes:
1) preparing a spinning solution: weighing 0.354g of calcium nitrate and 0.088g of erbium (III) nitrate pentahydrate, dissolving the calcium nitrate and the erbium (III) nitrate pentahydrate in 1.26g of ethyl silicate (the content of silicon dioxide is 40 percent, and the content of the silicon dioxide is 1.26g of 0.4/60-0.0084 mol), 0.1g of acetic acid, 0.3g of distilled water and 2g of absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution I, weighing 5g of B-72 polyvinyl butyral, dissolving the B-72 polyvinyl butyral in 45g of absolute ethyl alcohol solution, and stirring for 2.5 days (all days are 2-3) to form a transparent solution II; and then mixing the solution II with the solution I according to the volume ratio of 2:1, mixing, stirring for 1 hour to uniformly mix, and expelling bubbles in the solution by means of ultrasound to obtain a spinning solution;
2) electrostatic spinning: the prepared spinning solution is put into an electrostatic spinning device, the propelling speed is 1mL/h, the rotating speed of a roller is 50r/min, the spinning voltage is 15kV, the ambient temperature is 20-25 ℃, the relative humidity is 15-25%, electrostatic spinning is carried out by regulating and controlling the left-right distance of a sliding table to be 7cm, and the spun SiO is obtained2-CaO-Er2O3PVB fiber felt;
3) calcining treatment: mixing SiO2-CaO-Er2O3Putting PVB fiber felt into a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 6h, taking the PVB fiber felt out, heating to 800 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min in the air atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation and calcination treatment for 2h, naturally cooling to room temperature, and taking out to obtain SiO2CaO and Er2O3Is 0.84:0.15: 0.01.
Example 2
This example prepares a SiO2-CaO-Er2O3The flexible nanofiber comprises the following specific processes:
1) preparing a spinning solution: 0.59g of calcium nitrate and 0.44g of erbium (III) nitrate pentahydrate are weighed and dissolved in a mixed solution of 1.05g of ethyl silicate (the content of silicon dioxide is 40 percent, and the content of the silicon dioxide is 1.05g of 0.4/60-0.007 mol), 0.1g of acetic acid, 0.3g of distilled water and 2g of absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution I, 5g of B-72 polyvinyl butyral is weighed and dissolved in 45g of absolute ethyl alcohol solution, and the solution I is stirred for 2 to 3 days to form a transparent solution II; and then mixing the solution II with the solution I according to the volume ratio of 2:1, mixing, stirring for 1 hour to uniformly mix, and expelling bubbles in the solution by means of ultrasound to obtain a spinning solution;
2) electrostatic spinning: the prepared spinning solution is put into an electrostatic spinning device, the propelling speed is 1mL/h, the rotating speed of a roller is 50r/min, the spinning voltage is 15kV, the ambient temperature is 20-25 ℃, the relative humidity is 15-25%, electrostatic spinning is carried out by regulating and controlling the left-right distance of a sliding table to be 10cm, and the spun SiO is obtained2-CaO-Er2O3PVB fiber felt;
3) calcining treatment: mixing SiO2-CaO-Er2O3Putting PVB fiber felt into a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 6h, taking the PVB fiber felt out, heating the PVB fiber felt to 800 ℃ in an air atmosphere at a temperature of 10 ℃/min, calcining the PVB fiber felt at the temperature for 2h, naturally cooling the PVB fiber felt to room temperature, and taking the PVB fiber felt out to obtain SiO2CaO and Er2O3Composite fiber with a molar ratio of 0.70:0.25:0.05
Example 3
This example prepares a SiO2-CaO-Er2O3Flexible nanofibers, which differ from example 1 in that: SiO 22CaO and Er2O3The molar ratio of the spinning solution to the spinning solution is 0.80:0.15:0.05, the propelling speed is 2mL/h, the rotating speed of a roller is 100r/min, electrostatic spinning is carried out by regulating the left-right distance of a sliding table to be 10cm, the spinning voltage is 20kV, the environmental temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the relative humidity is 30-40%.
Example 4
This example prepares a SiO2-CaO-Bi2O3Flexible nanofibers, which differ from example 1 in that: bismuth nitrate is used in place of erbium nitrate in equal amounts.
Example 5
This example prepares a SiO2CaO-CuO flexible nanofibres, which differ from example 1 in that: copper nitrate was substituted for erbium nitrate in equal amounts.
Example 6
This example prepares a SiO2CaO-CuO flexible nanofibres, which differ from example 1 in that: ferric nitrate is used instead of nitric acid in equal amountErbium (Er).
Comparative example 1
This example prepares a SiO2CaO nanofibers, which differ from example 1 in that: no erbium source or calcium source was added.
Test examples
The test examples tested the properties and performance of the nanofibers prepared in the above examples and comparative examples. Wherein:
the microstructure of the nanofiber prepared in example 1 was observed by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the result is shown in fig. 1. The nanofibers produced in examples 2-6 also had similar microstructures, and redundancy was not avoided, not shown individually herein.
An actual diagram of the nanofiber prepared in example 4 is shown in fig. 2.
The flexibility of the nanofibers prepared in example 1 was tested and the results are shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from fig. 3, the nanofiber prepared by the embodiment of the present invention has good flexibility. The nanofibers produced in examples 2-6 also had similar flexibility, and redundancy was not avoided, not shown individually herein.
The thermal imaging effect of the temperature change of the nanofibers prepared in examples 1 to 6 after irradiation with different light intensities was tested, wherein the imaging effect of the nanofibers prepared in example 1 is shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from fig. 4, the temperature-raising ability of the fiber gradually increases as the light intensity increases. Other effects are similar, redundancy is not avoided, and the effects are not shown one by one in the text.
The photo-thermal heating effect of the nanofibers prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 1 after laser irradiation with different powers was tested, and the heating curves of the nanofibers prepared in example 3 and comparative example 1 are shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, the temperature-raising ability of the fiber prepared in example 3 was significantly better than that of the fiber in the comparative example gradually increased as the intensity of the laser power increased.
The nanofibers prepared in examples 1-6 were subjected to stability testing. Using 2W/cm2The effect of temperature rise in three cycles when the nanofibers produced in example 3 were irradiated at the power of (1) is shown in fig. 6. As can be seen from the figure, thisThe temperature rising performance of the nanofiber is almost unchanged, so that the nanofiber prepared by the embodiment of the invention has good stability.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A composite inorganic nanofiber, characterized in that: containing SiO2CaO and MOxWherein M is selected from long-period metal elements, x>0。
2. The composite inorganic nanofiber according to claim 1, wherein: the M is selected from transition metal elements or VA group metal elements; preferably, said M is selected from rare earth elements; preferably, M is selected from at least one of Er, Bi, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni or Cu; preferably, x is not less than 1; preferably, x is not greater than 2.
3. The composite inorganic nanofiber according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the nanofiber is between 100 and 2000 nm; preferably, the SiO in the nanofiber2CaO and MOxThe molar ratio of (0.01-0.99): 0.01-0.5); more preferably, the SiO in the nanofibers2CaO and MOxThe molar ratio of (0.5-0.99): (0.01-0.5): 0.01-0.5).
4. A preparation method of composite inorganic nano-fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a spinning solution: mixing a solution I containing a silicon source, a calcium source, an M source and a catalyst with a solution II containing a polymer to obtain a spinning solution;
s2, electrostatic spinning: performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution obtained in the step S1 to obtain a fiber felt;
s3, calcination treatment: drying and calcining the fibrofelt obtained in the step S2 to obtain the nano fiber;
wherein M is selected from long period metal elements.
5. The method for preparing the composite inorganic nanofiber as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the catalyst is selected from at least one of organic acid or inorganic acid; preferably, the catalyst is selected from at least one of formic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, oxalic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, caprylic acid, adipic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, or maleic acid; preferably, the silicon source is a silica precursor; preferably, the silicon source is selected from the group consisting of silicates; more preferably, the silicon source is selected from at least one of ethyl orthosilicate, propyl orthosilicate, tetrabutyl orthosilicate and polyethyl silicate; preferably, the calcium source is selected from calcium salts; preferably, the calcium source is selected from at least one of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium chloride, calcium bromide, calcium iodide, calcium gluconate, calcium nitrate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium hydrogen sulfate, calcium hydrogen sulfite, calcium hypochlorite or calcium chlorate; preferably, said M is selected from a transition metal element or a group VA metal element; preferably, said M is selected from rare earth elements; preferably, M is selected from at least one of Er, Bi or Cu; preferably, the M source is selected from erbium salts; preferably, the M source is selected from at least one of erbium chloride, erbium nitrate and erbium bromide; preferably, the solvent of solution I or solution II is independently water and/or a water-soluble solvent; preferably, the solvent is selected from at least one of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, isopropanol, tert-butanol, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, methylamine, acetic acid, dioxane, acetone, pyridine or dimethyl sulfoxide; preferably, the polymer is selected from at least one of chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylic acid, gelatin, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, or polyacrylonitrile.
6. The method for preparing the composite inorganic nanofiber as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the mass percentage concentration of the polymer in the solution II is 1-50%; preferably, the volume ratio of the solution I to the solution II is (0.1-10): 1; preferably, the volume ratio of solution I to solution II is about 2: 1; preferably, the electrostatic spinning in the step S2 is performed by an electrostatic spinning machine, and the electrostatic spinning machine comprises the following parameters: adjusting the distance between the sliding table and the left and right to be 5-40 cm; the advancing speed of electrostatic spinning is 0.1-10 mL/h; the rotating speed of the roller is 50-1000 r/min; the spinning voltage is 5-50 kV, the ambient temperature is 10-40 ℃, and the relative humidity is 10-90%; preferably, the electrostatic spinning in the step S2 is performed by an electrostatic spinning machine, and the electrostatic spinning machine comprises the following parameters: the distance between the sliding table and the left and right is adjusted to be about 10 cm; the advancing speed of electrostatic spinning is 1-2 mL/h; the rotation speed of the roller is 50-80 r/min.
7. The method for preparing the composite inorganic nanofiber as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the temperature of the drying treatment is 20-200 ℃; preferably, the temperature of the drying treatment is 50-100 ℃; preferably, the drying time is 2-24 h; preferably, the drying time is 5-10 h; preferably, the temperature of the calcination treatment is 500-1400 ℃; preferably, the temperature of the calcination treatment is 600-1000 ℃; preferably, the calcining treatment time is 2-24 h; preferably, the calcining treatment time is 2-8 h; preferably, the temperature rise procedure of the calcination is to rise the temperature at the speed of 1-20 ℃/min; preferably, the temperature rise procedure of the calcination is temperature rise at the speed of 10 ℃/min; preferably, the calcination is under an air atmosphere.
8. Use of the nanofibers according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the nanofibers produced by the method according to any one of claims 4 to 7 in the production of a photothermal conversion film.
9. A photothermal conversion film, characterized in that: comprising a nanofiber as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 or a nanofiber obtainable by a process as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7.
10. A tumor photothermal treatment reagent is characterized in that: comprising a nanofiber as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 or a nanofiber obtainable by a process as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7.
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