CN114292686A - Anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114292686A CN114292686A CN202111510250.6A CN202111510250A CN114292686A CN 114292686 A CN114292686 A CN 114292686A CN 202111510250 A CN202111510250 A CN 202111510250A CN 114292686 A CN114292686 A CN 114292686A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- quenching oil
- oil composition
- rust
- antioxidant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
The invention provides an anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition and a preparation method thereof, wherein the anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 90.2 to 98.63 percent of paraffin-based base oil, 1.8 to 7.9 percent of polyolefin, 0.025 to 0.1 percent of petroleum sulfonate soap, 0.02 to 0.1 percent of triethanolamine soap, 0.025 to 0.1 percent of polyether and 0.5 to 1.5 percent of antioxidant. The anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition comprises: the dual characteristics of good rust resistance and good emulsification resistance; the demulsifying antirust quenching oil composition contains triethanolamine soap, so that the antirust performance of quenching oil water film replacement and the dehydration clarity of quenching oil are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal heat treatment, in particular to an anti-emulsifying antirust quenching oil composition and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the heat treatment process using quenching oil as a quenching medium, the quenching and tempering heat treatment processes of metal parts, a water washing process is carried out before a workpiece enters a tempering furnace, and the quenching oil on the surface of the workpiece is cleaned. The cleaned wet quenching workpiece can not rust in the tempering process. The cleaned quenching oil needs to have good sedimentation drainage performance, and the cleaned and recovered quenching oil can be reused in a quenching oil tank after sedimentation drainage, so that the consumption of the quenching oil is saved by about 40%. If the settling drainage performance of the quenching oil is poor, the quenching oil which is cleaned and recovered contains more water and cannot be reused in a quenching oil groove, otherwise, the heat-treated workpiece cannot obtain ideal mechanical performance, and defective products appear.
In order to realize the rust prevention function, in the existing rust prevention oil technology, various additives such as sulfonate, carboxylate, carboxylic acid, sarcosine, carboxylic ester, fatty amine, amide, fatty acid amine salt, wax, phosphate ester, imidazoline and the like are available. For an antirust oil composition, the antirust function is realized by the selected components (including the selected additives, mineral oil and synthetic oil) and the dosage of the components. There may be a synergistic effect of rust prevention between the respective additives, and there may also be an effect of counteracting or even worsening rust prevention. It is also difficult to screen the components of the rust preventive oil composition and the dosages thereof, only to achieve the rust preventive function. To achieve a new function simultaneously, the introduction of new functional additives may enhance or deteriorate the original function.
To achieve oil-water separation performance, many additives have been used in the existing oil recovery and lubricating oil technologies. The latest generation of functional additives for realizing oil-water separation is macromolecular polyether compounds. The additive members are very large, and a large number of various additives are formed according to different polymer initiators, different types of polymerized monomers, different proportions of the monomers, different combination sequences of the monomers and different molecular weights of polymers, and are respectively applied to different application environments or different application working conditions. One additive has the function of quickly realizing oil-water separation in one application environment, and the additive may have extremely poor effect in another application environment, and even the oil-water separation performance is deteriorated.
The application working condition of the quenching oil is different from the application working condition of the anti-rust oil, and the anti-rust oil is used for realizing oil film rust prevention of an oiled workpiece; after the quenching function is finished, the workpiece with oil is cleaned in a cleaning machine, a small amount of oil remained in the cleaning machine realizes water film replacement, and is isolated between the workpiece and the water film, so that the workpiece is rustproof.
In the prior quenching oil technology, the water film replacement rust prevention and the sedimentation drainage performance have the problem of being difficult to be compatible. Or the wet quenched workpiece after cleaning has a rusting phenomenon in the tempering process; or the quenching oil is slow in sedimentation and drainage, poor in clarity, turbid and rich in water content when being cleaned and recovered, and difficult to be directly added into a quenching oil groove for recycling; or quenching oil and water in the cleaning machine are difficult to separate, water cannot be separated from the oil-water mixture in time, and continuous cleaning operation of the cleaning machine cannot be realized, so that the residual oil and water content in residual liquid on the surface of the cleaned workpiece is high, the workpiece is seriously rusted, the subsequent electroplating is difficult, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the present invention provides an anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition and a preparation method thereof, wherein the quenching oil composition has water film replacement and anti-rust properties and good dehydration clarification properties, and is beneficial to reuse of cleaning recovered oil.
An anti-emulsifying antirust quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the polyether has a structure of formula (1) or formula (2):
in the general formula (1), R is an alkane with a chain length of 3-24 carbons, P is an integer of 1-3, m and n are integers of 30-120, and m: n is (1:1) - (3:1), wherein (m + n) × P is 132-198;
in the general formula (2), m/n is an integer of 8 to 24, and m: n is (1:1) to (3: 1).
Wherein the paraffin-based base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 6-150cst at 40 ℃.
Wherein the polyolefin has a molecular weight of: 1000-3000 g/mol.
Wherein the petroleum sulfonate soap is barium soap or calcium soap.
Wherein the petroleum sulfonic acid used by the petroleum sulfonic acid soap has the molecular weight of 400-530 g/mol.
Wherein the triethanolamine soap is one or more of triethanolamine oleate soap, triethanolamine laurate soap and triethanolamine polybutenyl succinate soap, and the molecular weight of the polybutenyl is 56-2400 g/mol.
Wherein the antioxidant is one or more of a phenolic antioxidant or an amine antioxidant; wherein, the phenolic antioxidant is one or two of 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 3, 5-di-tert-butyl phenyl octyl propionate, and the amino antioxidant is one or more of butyl phenyl octyl phenylamine, dibutylamine, dioctylphenylamine and octylphenyl naphthylamine.
The preparation method of the anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
adding petroleum sulfonate soap into triethanolamine soap, stirring to obtain brown fluid composite soap, heating paraffin-based base oil to 60-80 deg.C, adding polyolefin, polyether, antioxidant and fluid composite soap, and stirring for 30 min.
According to the aluminum anti-emulsification antirust quenching oil composition and the preparation method thereof, the triethanolamine soap is introduced into the quenching oil composition, so that the antirust performance of water film replacement of the quenching oil and the dehydration clarification performance of the quenching oil are improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to various embodiments for the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the invention, but the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The embodiment of the invention provides an anti-emulsifying and antirust quenching oil composition which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the polyether has a structure of formula (1) or formula (2):
in the general formula (1), R is an alkane with a chain length of 3-24 carbons, P is an integer of 1-3, m and n are integers of 30-120, and m: n is (1:1) - (3:1), wherein (m + n) × P is 132-198;
in the general formula (2), m/n is an integer of 8 to 24, and m: n is (1:1) to (3: 1).
Wherein the paraffin-based base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 6-150cst at 40 ℃.
Wherein the polyolefin has a molecular weight of: 1000-3000 g/mol.
Wherein the petroleum sulfonate soap is barium soap or calcium soap.
Wherein the petroleum sulfonic acid used by the petroleum sulfonic acid soap has the molecular weight of 400-530 g/mol.
Wherein the triethanolamine soap is one or more of triethanolamine oleate soap, triethanolamine laurate soap and triethanolamine polybutenyl succinate soap, and the molecular weight of the polybutenyl is 56-2400 g/mol.
Wherein the antioxidant is one or more of a phenolic antioxidant or an amine antioxidant; wherein, the phenolic antioxidant is one or two of 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 3, 5-di-tert-butyl phenyl octyl propionate, and the amino antioxidant is one or more of butyl phenyl octyl phenylamine, dibutylamine, dioctylphenylamine and octylphenyl naphthylamine.
The preparation method of the anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
adding petroleum sulfonate soap into triethanolamine soap, stirring to obtain brown fluid composite soap, heating paraffin-based base oil to 60-80 deg.C, adding polyolefin, polyether, antioxidant and fluid composite soap, and stirring for 30 min.
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention in more detail. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following specific examples. The present invention can be modified and implemented as appropriate within the scope of the main claim.
Example 1:
an anti-emulsifying antirust quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
adding petroleum sulfonate soap into triethanolamine soap, stirring to obtain brown fluid composite soap, heating paraffin-based base oil to 60 deg.C, adding polyolefin, polyether, antioxidant and fluid composite soap, and stirring for 30 min.
Example 2:
an anti-emulsifying antirust quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
adding petroleum sulfonate soap into triethanolamine soap, stirring to obtain brown fluid composite soap, heating paraffin-based base oil to 80 deg.C, adding polyolefin, polyether, antioxidant and fluid composite soap, and stirring for 30 min.
Example 3:
an anti-emulsifying antirust quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
adding petroleum sulfonate soap into triethanolamine soap, stirring to obtain brown fluid composite soap, heating paraffin-based base oil to 75 deg.C, adding polyolefin, polyether, antioxidant and fluid composite soap, and stirring for 30 min.
Example 4:
an anti-emulsifying antirust quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
dibutylamine 0.2%
The preparation method of the anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
adding petroleum sulfonate soap into triethanolamine soap, stirring to obtain brown fluid composite soap, heating paraffin-based base oil to 70 deg.C, adding polyolefin, polyether, antioxidant and fluid composite soap, and stirring for 30 min.
Example 5:
an anti-emulsifying antirust quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
adding petroleum sulfonate soap into triethanolamine soap, stirring to obtain brown fluid composite soap, heating paraffin-based base oil to 60 deg.C, adding polyolefin, polyether, antioxidant and fluid composite soap, and stirring for 30 min.
Comparative example 1
The quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
heating paraffin base oil to 60 deg.C, adding other components, and stirring for 30 min.
Comparative example 2
The quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
heating paraffin base oil to 60 deg.C, adding other components, and stirring for 30 min.
Comparative example 3
The quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
paraffin base oil 94.0%
Polyolefin having a number average molecular weight of 1300g/mol 5%
Petroleum sulfonate barium soap 0.1%
0.5 percent of 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol
Commercial polyether AE 1210.1%.
The preparation method of the quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
heating paraffin base oil to 60 deg.C, adding other components, and stirring for 30 min.
Comparative example 4
The quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
93.8 percent of paraffin-based base oil
Polyolefin having a number average molecular weight of 1300g/mol 5%
Petroleum sulfonic acid calcium soap 0.3%
0.5 percent of 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol
Polyether AP 1340.1% is commercially available.
The preparation method of the quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
heating paraffin base oil to 60 deg.C, adding other components, and stirring for 30 min.
Comparative example 5
The quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
93.8 percent of paraffin-based base oil
Polyolefin having a number average molecular weight of 1300g/mol 5%
Petroleum calcium sulfonate soap 0.1%
0.5 percent of 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol
Commercial polyether AR 160.1%.
The preparation method of the quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
heating paraffin base oil to 60 deg.C, adding other components, and stirring for 30 min.
Comparative example 6
The quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
93.5 percent of paraffin-based base oil
Polyolefin having a number average molecular weight of 1300g/mol 5%
Petroleum sulfonic acid calcium soap 0.5%
0.5 percent of dioctyl phenylamine as antioxidant
Commercial polyether AR 480.2%.
The preparation method of the quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
heating paraffin base oil to 60 deg.C, adding other components, and stirring for 30 min.
Comparative example 7
The quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
93.6 percent of paraffin-based base oil
Polyolefin having a number average molecular weight of 2400g/mol 5%
Petroleum calcium sulfonate soap 0.1%
N-oleoyl sarcosine 0.3%
Dioctyl phenylamine 0.5%
Commercial polyether L1010.2%.
The preparation method of the quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
heating paraffin base oil to 60 deg.C, adding other components, and stirring for 30 min.
Comparative example 8
The quenching oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
93.7 percent of paraffin-based base oil
Polyolefin having a number average molecular weight of 1300g/mol 5%
Petroleum sulfonic acid calcium soap 0.3%
Imidazoline A mine O0.3%
Dioctyl phenylamine 0.5%
Commercial polyether P DB 99350.2%.
The preparation method of the quenching oil composition comprises the following steps:
heating paraffin base oil to 60 deg.C, adding other components, and stirring for 30 min.
Water film replacement rust resistance comparison experiment method
And (3) fully stirring and mixing 40ml of quenching oil composition sample with 40ml of tap water for 5min under the normal temperature condition to obtain a water-containing sample system. Immediately immersing a polished and cleaned water-carrying steel sheet which can be fully soaked by water into a water-containing sample system; the steel sheet was taken out after 5 seconds and hung at room temperature for 30 min. And observing whether the surface of the steel sheet is rusted. The quenching oil composition has good water film replacement antirust function. If the steel sheet surface is rusted, the quenching oil composition cannot effectively replace a water film on the steel sheet surface and cannot play a role in rust prevention.
Sedimentation drainage contrast experiment method
A40 ml sample of the quenching oil composition was thoroughly mixed with 40ml of tap water on an demulsification apparatus at 40 ℃ for 5min with stirring, and the time for separating out a 40ml oil layer and a 40ml water layer was recorded. And recording whether the oil layer is clear after the oil-water standing separation for 1 h. The oil layer is clear, which shows that the quenching oil composition has good sedimentation and drainage properties; the oil layer is turbid, and the clarity is poor, which shows that the quenching oil composition has poor sedimentation drainage, and the oil layer still contains more water.
Comparative experimental data on the properties of the respective quenching oil compositions of examples and comparative examples are shown in the following table
The comparison test result shows that the quenching oil composition has double functions of water film replacement rust resistance and sedimentation drainage performance.
In conclusion, according to the aluminum anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, triethanolamine soap is introduced into the quenching oil composition, so that the anti-rust performance of water film replacement of the quenching oil and the dehydration clarity of the quenching oil are improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An anti-emulsifying antirust quenching oil composition is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyether has a structure represented by general formula (1) or general formula (2):
in the general formula (1), R is an alkane with a chain length of 3-24 carbons, P is an integer of 1-3, m and n are integers of 30-120, and m: n is (1:1) - (3:1), wherein (m + n) × P is 132-198;
in the general formula (2), m/n is an integer of 8 to 24, and m: n is (1:1) to (3: 1).
3. The anti-emulsion rust inhibitive quenching oil composition according to claim 1, wherein said paraffin-based base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 6 to 150 cst.
4. The anti-emulsifying rust-preventive quenching oil composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyolefin has a molecular weight of: 1000-3000 g/mol.
5. The anti-emulsifying rust-preventive quenching oil composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the petroleum sulfonic acid soap is a barium soap or a calcium soap.
6. The anti-emulsification and rust-proof quenching oil composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the petroleum sulfonic acid soap has a petroleum sulfonic acid molecular weight of 400-530 g/mol.
7. The anti-emulsifying rust-preventive quenching oil composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said triethanolamine soap is one or more of triethanolamine oleate soap, triethanolamine laurate soap and triethanolamine polybutenyl succinate soap, wherein the molecular weight of polybutenyl is 56-2400 g/mol.
8. The anti-emulsifying antirust quenching oil composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is one or more of a phenolic antioxidant or an amine antioxidant; wherein, the phenolic antioxidant is one or two of 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 3, 5-di-tert-butyl phenyl octyl propionate, and the amino antioxidant is one or more of butyl phenyl octyl phenylamine, dibutylamine, dioctylphenylamine and octylphenyl naphthylamine.
9. The method for producing the anti-emulsifying rust inhibitive quenching oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
adding petroleum sulfonate soap into triethanolamine soap, stirring to obtain brown fluid composite soap, heating paraffin-based base oil to 60-80 deg.C, adding polyolefin, polyether, antioxidant and fluid composite soap, and stirring for 30 min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111510250.6A CN114292686A (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111510250.6A CN114292686A (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114292686A true CN114292686A (en) | 2022-04-08 |
Family
ID=80967865
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111510250.6A Pending CN114292686A (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114292686A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5715896A (en) * | 1994-09-02 | 1998-02-10 | Champion Techologies, Inc. | Method and composition for reducing torque in downhole drilling |
| WO1998016669A1 (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-04-23 | Quaker Chemical Corporation | Corrosion inhibiting composition, in particular suitable for application on steel cords |
| CN106190480A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 天长市润达金属防锈助剂有限公司 | A kind of anti-rust metal cutting fluid of high lubricating property |
| CN110317932A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏鑫露化工新材料有限公司 | A kind of emulsion resistance rust-proof type quenching oil compound and preparation method thereof |
| CN112501398A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Anti-emulsification type overspeed quenching oil composition, preparation method and application thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-12-10 CN CN202111510250.6A patent/CN114292686A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5715896A (en) * | 1994-09-02 | 1998-02-10 | Champion Techologies, Inc. | Method and composition for reducing torque in downhole drilling |
| WO1998016669A1 (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-04-23 | Quaker Chemical Corporation | Corrosion inhibiting composition, in particular suitable for application on steel cords |
| CN106190480A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 天长市润达金属防锈助剂有限公司 | A kind of anti-rust metal cutting fluid of high lubricating property |
| CN110317932A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏鑫露化工新材料有限公司 | A kind of emulsion resistance rust-proof type quenching oil compound and preparation method thereof |
| CN112501398A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Anti-emulsification type overspeed quenching oil composition, preparation method and application thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3036971A (en) | Lubricating oils containing carbonated basic sulfurized calcium phenates | |
| EP1534806B1 (en) | Oil-in-oil emulsion lubricants for enhanced lubrication | |
| CA2676886C (en) | Lubricating composition with good oxidative stability and reduced deposit formation | |
| KR930010533B1 (en) | Cold rolling oil for steel | |
| JPH029079B2 (en) | ||
| WO2017170868A1 (en) | Rust preventive oil composition | |
| JP2001192689A (en) | Thermally treating oil composition for gear and gear treated with the same | |
| CN109181833B (en) | Oil film bearing oil and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111074045B (en) | Rapid bright quenching oil and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114292686A (en) | Anti-emulsification and anti-rust quenching oil composition and preparation method thereof | |
| KR20170037610A (en) | Alkyl capped oil soluble polymer viscosity index improving additives for base oils in automotive applications | |
| CN103667631B (en) | Tempering oil composition and method of making the same | |
| CN112501398A (en) | Anti-emulsification type overspeed quenching oil composition, preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN112662456A (en) | Novel sulfur-free anti-rust oil | |
| JP2000063879A (en) | Turbine oil containing neutral rust preventive and rust- preventive antioxidant oil | |
| CN111073732B (en) | Alkali-resistant lubricating grease and preparation method thereof | |
| JPH04234495A (en) | Lubricating oil composition containing combination of new stabilizing agents | |
| CN110317932A (en) | A kind of emulsion resistance rust-proof type quenching oil compound and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111120313A (en) | Cleaning agent for screw air compressor | |
| CA2257800C (en) | Use of surfactants with high molecular weight as filterability-enhancing agents in hydraulic lubricants | |
| CN106701267A (en) | Lubricating oil and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112646637A (en) | Turbine oil composition, preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN110776981B (en) | Long-life bearing anti-rust oil and preparation method thereof | |
| JP3845518B2 (en) | Heat treated oil composition | |
| CN107987932B (en) | Preparation method of lubricating type water-soluble steel ball lapping liquid |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220408 |