CN114292661A - Treatment method and treatment system for aging oil in oil field - Google Patents
Treatment method and treatment system for aging oil in oil field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating aging oil in an oil field, which comprises the following treatment steps: demulsifying the aging oil of the incoming material, performing three-phase centrifugal separation and then performing two-phase centrifugal separation; or the aging oil is separated to two processing lines for three-phase centrifugal separation and two-phase centrifugal separation after the aging oil of the incoming material is demulsified. The invention integrates multifunctional equipment on one equipment or one skid body, reduces skid mounting of the system and installation equipment, but can meet the same technological requirements, adopts an integral treatment method, and aims at the problems that when the system has much silt, the ultrasonic demulsification treatment is carried out, then three-phase centrifugal separation and two-phase centrifugal separation are carried out, so that the treatment effect is improved; the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are taken as a second skid-mounted tank, one is used and the other is standby, continuous feeding can be realized, and the ultrasonic emulsification and demulsification are simultaneously used, so that the centrifugal effect is better; the double centrifugers are prized and used in a series connection and parallel connection mode, so that the oil and mud output effect is better; the series-parallel single pipeline layout is more reasonable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a treatment method and a treatment system for aging oil in an oil field.
Background
During the upstream exploration and development, oil and gas gathering and transportation, sewage treatment, tank bottom cleaning and downstream petroleum refining of petroleum, a large amount of oil, mud and water mixture containing petroleum hydrocarbons is generated and leaked into the environment due to process equipment, manual operation and the like, and the oil-containing mud is called oil sludge.
The oil sludge mainly comes from bottom sludge of an oil separation tank, floating slag of a flotation tank and residual activated sludge. The oil-containing sludge of an oil refinery has complex properties, and has the problems of high viscosity, difficult sedimentation, difficult concentration and difficult dehydration and treatment technology because a large amount of medicaments are added in the water treatment process, thereby always posing the problem of environmental protection in the oil refining industry.
At present, oil sludge treatment technologies mainly comprise dozens of treatment technologies including an oily sludge conditioning-mechanical separation technology, a biological treatment technology, an oily sludge solidification technology and an incineration treatment technology. In the aspect of treatment of the existing aging oil, the system is skid-mounted more, the system pipelines are more, and the demulsification and centrifugation effects are poorer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for treating aging oil in an oil field.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is to design a method for treating aging oil in an oil field, which comprises the following treatment steps: demulsifying the aging oil of the incoming material, performing three-phase centrifugal separation and then performing two-phase centrifugal separation; or the aging oil is separated to two processing lines for three-phase centrifugal separation and two-phase centrifugal separation after the aging oil of the incoming material is demulsified. The two-stage high-speed centrifugal machine is used in a series connection and parallel connection mode, so that the oil and mud discharging effect is better; when the incoming material silt of the system is too much, the two centrifuges are connected in series for use, the two centrifuges are advanced to enter two phases, and when the incoming material silt is too little, the two centrifuges can be connected in parallel for use, so that the treatment efficiency is increased.
The further technical scheme is that for the aging oil with large silt amount, a processing mode of firstly carrying out three-phase centrifugal separation and then carrying out two-phase centrifugal separation is adopted to ensure the processing effect; for the aging oil with small amount of silt, a processing mode of dividing the aging oil into two processing lines to respectively carry out three-phase centrifugal separation and two-phase centrifugal separation is adopted to increase the processing efficiency.
The further technical scheme is that the demulsification process adopts an ultrasonic demulsification process, and a double ultrasonic emulsification tank which can realize continuous work and can keep the demulsification time is adopted in the process. The double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are used and prepared, can continuously supply materials, and are used for both ultrasonic treatment and demulsification, so that the centrifugal effect is better.
The processing method also comprises the working procedure of demulsification processing the oil with high cement content after three-phase centrifugal separation; the treatment method further comprises a step of performing two-phase centrifugal separation again on the oil with a large oil-water content after the three-phase centrifugal separation. Three-phase centrifuges, i.e., oil, water, mud; two-phase centrifuges, i.e. oil, water (mud is also present, but only in very low amounts); returning the oil-in-water and the mud at the outlet to the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks when the amount of the oil-in-water and the mud is large, and transferring the oil-in-oil and the water at the outlet to a two-phase centrifugal machine for re-centrifugation for oil-water separation; when the muddy water is not determined to be much or the oil is more, for example, when the system continuously operates, the oil and water in the box body (high oil-containing box) connected with the outlet of the three-phase centrifuge are always stirred, the intermittent switching is adopted, namely the pneumatic valve above the box body (high oil-containing box) is opened when the liquid level of the box body (high oil-containing box) reaches the top, the mixed water returns to the stirring tank (namely, the double-ultrasonic emulsification tank), the pneumatic valve is turned off when the liquid level of the box body (high oil-containing box) falls to 3/4 of the total liquid level, the pneumatic valve below the box body is opened, and the oil at the outlet of the box body (high oil-containing box) enters the liquid-liquid separation centrifuge (namely, the two-phase centrifuge).
The further technical proposal is that the processing method also comprises a procedure of three-phase centrifugal separation again for the water with large sediment amount in the water tank after the two-phase centrifugal separation; and discharging the sludge after the three-phase centrifugal separation in a spiral slag discharging mode. When the two-phase centrifugally separated water tank (sewage tank) is normally full, the water tank (sewage tank) automatically goes out from a pipeline (high-water-content pipeline) at the upper right corner of the water tank and goes to a water station or returns to the beginning end of the system; and (3) artificially judging sediment deposited in the water tank (sewage tank), and periodically opening a valve (for the three-phase centrifuge) on a pipeline (a pipeline connecting the sewage tank and the mixer or the sewage tank and the three-phase centrifuge) to separate mud from water. The device is used for depositing silt, namely the silt in the liquid discharged by the sewage tank is more, and the liquid is separated from the solid by the three-phase centrifugal machine again.
The invention also provides a technical scheme that the treatment system related to the oil field aging oil treatment method comprises a pretreatment device and a feed pump which are both connected with the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks, discharge ports of the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are respectively connected with a three-phase centrifuge and a two-phase centrifuge through two pipelines, and a solid phase outlet, a liquid phase water outlet and a liquid phase oil outlet of the three-phase centrifuge are respectively connected with a screw conveyer, a high water-containing tank and a high oil-containing tank. Oil, mud and water in the aging oil treated by the centrifugal machine are separated, but the centrifugal machine adopts a high-speed mechanical separation mode, so that complete separation cannot be realized, so that the oil in a box body connected with a liquid-phase oil outlet also contains water and only more oil, and the oil content is changed from 10 percent of the oil content in the water before centrifugation into 40 to 60 percent of the oil content in the water according to the difference of raw materials, so that the oil is called a high-oil-content box (comprising a pipeline connected with the outlet of the high-oil-content box, namely a high-oil-content pipeline). Similarly, the oil in the tank body connected with the liquid phase water outlet is much water, the oil content of 10 percent in the water before the raw material is centrifuged is changed into 3-60 percent of oil content, and therefore the high water content tank is called (the pipeline connected with the outlet of the high water content tank is called a high water content pipeline). The outlet of the solid phase outlet of the three-phase centrifuge is called high mud content, and in a high mud content pipeline (namely a pipeline connecting the solid phase outlet of the three-phase centrifuge and a screw conveyor), mud contains 5 per mill percent of mud in raw water to 20 to 40 percent of mud in water in a centrifuged mud residue pipeline, and is called high mud content (pipeline). The ageing oil is gradually separated into the samples in the above wording through heating and demulsification process treatment before centrifugation, and in the industry, the sample with the oil content of 3 per mill to 10 per mill in the final water is separated from the raw material ageing oil, which is called the best state of the ageing oil treatment and is the best qualified. The double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are used for realizing continuous work and keeping demulsification time, and the double centrifuger is used for realizing high-speed separation and secondary separation so as to optimize the centrifugal effect.
The outlet of the high oil-containing tank is connected with the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks through a pipeline, and the outlet of the high oil-containing tank is also connected with the two-phase centrifugal machine through a pipeline; the two outlets of the two-phase centrifuge are respectively connected with a sewage tank and a finished oil tank, the outlet of the sewage tank is connected with a mixer through a pipeline, the mixer is connected with the three-phase centrifuge through a pipeline, the treatment system further comprises a dosing device connected with the mixer through a pipeline, and the mixer is also provided with a pipeline connected with the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks; the pipelines are provided with valves and pumps. The double ultrasonic emulsification tanks have the same function when one tank of the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks is used as two tanks in parallel in a through pipe and valve mode, wherein one half of the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are used for feeding materials in the process of heating, stirring and heat exchange, and the other half of the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are used for preparing feeding materials in the process of caching, demulsifying, heating and precipitating; when the two halves are connected in series, the two halves are communicated, namely one tank is used for heating, stirring and heat exchange, and the other tank is used for feeding. The specific use mode is determined by the use condition. The ultrasonic and demulsification are used together, and the centrifugal effect is better.
The further technical scheme is that the parallel pretreatment device and the feed pump are taken as a first skid-mounted device; the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are taken as a second skid-mounted tank; the dosing device and the mixer are taken as a third skid-mounted device; the three-phase centrifuge, the high water-containing tank, the high oil-containing tank and the screw conveyer are taken as a fourth skid-mounted device; and the two-phase centrifugal machine, the sewage tank and the finished oil tank are taken as a fifth skid-mounted device. Pretreatment device and feed pump: the first step is skid-mounted. Parallel connection is realized, a parallel valve bank is reserved in a pipeline, the upper-layer granular impurities in the aging oil are few and easy to treat, and the aging oil can be accepted by a system after being filtered by a simple device in front of a pump; granular impurities on the top layer and the bottom layer of the aging oil are large, and picket fence-shaped particles are large and difficult to treat, and are screened by a pretreatment device, so that the problems of shaking and blocking of the traditional vibrating screen can be solved. The double ultrasonic emulsification tank is taken as a skid-mounted tank II. The double stirring is continued, the machine is not stopped during feeding, the material receiving and discharging rhythm is controlled according to the process time through the control of a process program, and the two compartments supply materials alternately, so that the non-stop feeding can be realized, and the heat supply time of the steam E of each compartment can be ensured; the main functions are as follows: stirring, caching, heat exchange, demulsification and precipitation. And a dosing device and a mixer are taken as a skid-mounted device III. A special demulsifier is appointed, stirring is carried out in a conventional dosing device, the special demulsifier is sucked into a mixer, the mixer is supplied to a centrifuge, or the mixer is supplied to a double ultrasonic emulsification tank for advanced ultrasonic plus demulsification (the realization method is that a pneumatic valve is adopted, and two different pipelines lead to the centrifuge and the double ultrasonic emulsification tank); the pipeline system is subjected to single simplification treatment; and the three-phase centrifuge, the high-water-content water tank, the high-oil-content oil tank and the spiral conveyer are used as a sledge body IV. Four devices are skid-mounted and comprise corresponding pump valves. When the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are connected in series, incoming materials are subjected to three-phase separation, slag is discharged, oil is removed, water is removed, oil is supplied to the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks, and the ultrasonic emulsification tanks are supplied to a two-phase centrifugal machine; when the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are connected in parallel, incoming materials are fed to the three-phase centrifugal machine, and simultaneously, incoming materials are fed to the two-phase centrifugal machine; the multifunctional equipment is integrated on one equipment or one skid body, so that skid mounting of the system and equipment mounting are reduced, but the same technological requirements can be met. The single pipeline realizes respective requirements, reduces the loop pipeline and the parallel pipeline, utilizes the sensing device integrated on the equipment to quickly find problems and give an alarm, utilizes the flanges arranged on the pipelines to quickly detach and replace, can realize replacement by flood irrigation time difference among tanks of the equipment, and does not need to be stopped due to blockage. The high integration skid-mounted is convenient for moving the machine, the installation period is short, and the operation is realized quickly; is particularly suitable for the oil sludge treatment of small aged oil treatment stations.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: by making a plurality of devices smallSkid-mounted and developed a new process route, and a brand-new treatment method for the aging oil in the oil field is realized. The method can meet the requirement that the storage capacity of the aging oil in the oil field is less than or equal to 4500m3The seasonal processing requirement is met, the number of equipment and the total loading amount are reduced, and the equipment moving cost and the field changing cost are saved;
the invention adopts the oil sludge conditioning-mechanical separation technology, and the treatment method is more optimized and the flow is simpler than the prior art;
the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are used for both ultrasonic emulsification and demulsification, so that the centrifugal effect is better.
The multifunctional equipment is integrated on one equipment or one skid body, so that skid mounting of the system and equipment installation are reduced, the same technological requirements can be met, an integral treatment method is adopted, three-phase centrifugal separation and two-phase centrifugal separation are carried out after ultrasonic demulsification treatment when the incoming material of the system has more sediment, and the treatment effect is improved; the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are taken as a second skid-mounted tank, one is used and the other is standby, continuous feeding can be realized, and the ultrasonic emulsification and demulsification are simultaneously used, so that the centrifugal effect is better; the double centrifugers are prized and used in a series connection and parallel connection mode, so that the oil and mud output effect is better; the series-parallel single pipeline layout is more reasonable, and the blocked pipeline can be quickly found and replaced under the condition that the system does not stop by the aid of the specific anti-overflow tank sensor. The anti-overflow tank sensor comprises a top liquid level switch arranged on each tank, and meanwhile, pressure transmitters are arranged at the bottoms of some tanks and are used for measuring liquid levels through hydraulic pressure and for liquid level display and liquid level ultrahigh alarm; the liquid level switch is linked with the pneumatic valve and is used for forcibly turning off the inlet valve.
The two-stage high-speed centrifugal machine is used in a series connection and parallel connection mode, so that the oil and mud discharging effect is better; when the incoming material silt of the system is too much, the two centrifuges are connected in series for use, the two centrifuges are advanced to enter two phases, and when the incoming material silt is too little, the two centrifuges can be connected in parallel for use, so that the treatment efficiency is increased.
The double ultrasonic emulsification tanks have the same function when one tank of the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks is used as two tanks in parallel in a through pipe and valve mode, wherein one half of the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are used for feeding materials in the process of heating, stirring and heat exchange, and the other half of the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are used for preparing feeding materials in the process of caching, demulsifying, heating and precipitating; when the two halves are connected in series, the two halves are communicated, namely one tank is used for heating, stirring and heat exchange, and the other tank is used for feeding. The specific use mode is determined by the use condition. The ultrasonic and demulsification are used together, and the centrifugal effect is better.
The invention is highly integrated and skid-mounted, is convenient to move, has short installation period and can quickly realize operation; is particularly suitable for the oil sludge treatment of small aged oil treatment stations. The total power consumption is also very low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a treatment method of aging oil in an oil field.
In the figure: 1. a pretreatment device; 2. a feed pump; 3. a double ultrasonic emulsification tank; 4. a dosing device; 5. a mixer; 6. a three-phase centrifuge; 7. a high water-containing tank; 8. a high oil content tank; 9. a two-phase centrifuge; 10. a sewage tank; 11. a finished oil tank; 12. a screw conveyor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in figure 1, the invention relates to an oil field aging oil treatment method, which comprises the following treatment steps: demulsifying the aging oil of the incoming material, performing three-phase centrifugal separation and then performing two-phase centrifugal separation; or the aging oil is separated to two processing lines for three-phase centrifugal separation and two-phase centrifugal separation after the aging oil of the incoming material is demulsified. For aging oil with large silt amount, a treatment mode of firstly carrying out three-phase centrifugal separation and then carrying out two-phase centrifugal separation is adopted to ensure the treatment effect; for the aging oil with small amount of silt, a processing mode of dividing the aging oil into two processing lines to respectively carry out three-phase centrifugal separation and two-phase centrifugal separation is adopted to increase the processing efficiency. The demulsification process adopts an ultrasonic demulsification process, and a double ultrasonic emulsification tank 3 which can realize continuous work and can keep the demulsification time is adopted in the process. The treatment method also comprises a working procedure of demulsification treatment of oil with high cement content after three-phase centrifugal separation; the treatment method further comprises a step of performing two-phase centrifugal separation again on the oil with a large oil-water content after the three-phase centrifugal separation. The treatment method also comprises a step of carrying out three-phase centrifugal separation on the water with large sediment amount in the water tank after the two-phase centrifugal separation; and discharging the sludge after the three-phase centrifugal separation in a spiral slag discharging mode. A treatment system related to the treatment method of the aging oil in the oil field comprises a pretreatment device 1 and a feed pump 2 which are both connected with a double-ultrasonic emulsification tank 3, a discharge port of the double-ultrasonic emulsification tank 3 is respectively connected with a three-phase centrifuge 6 and a two-phase centrifuge through two pipelines, and a solid phase outlet, a liquid phase water outlet and a liquid phase oil outlet of the three-phase centrifuge 6 are respectively connected with a screw conveyor 12, a high water content tank 7 and a high oil content tank 8. The outlet of the high oil-containing tank 8 is connected with the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks 3 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the high oil-containing tank 8 is also connected with the two-phase centrifuge 9 through a pipeline; two outlets of the two-phase centrifuge are respectively connected with a sewage tank 10 and a finished product oil tank 11, the outlet of the sewage tank 10 is connected with a mixer 5 through a pipeline, the mixer 5 is connected with a three-phase centrifuge 6 through a pipeline, the treatment system further comprises a dosing device 4 connected with the mixer 5 through a pipeline, and the mixer 5 is also provided with a pipeline connected with the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks 3; the pipelines are provided with valves and pumps. The parallel pretreatment device 1 and the feed pump 2 are taken as a first skid-mounted device; the double ultrasonic emulsification tank 3 is taken as a second skid-mounted tank; the dosing device 4 and the mixer 5 are taken as a third skid-mounted device; a three-phase centrifuge 6, a high water content tank 7, a high oil content tank 8 and a screw conveyor 12 are taken as a fourth skid-mounted; and the two-phase centrifuge 9, the sewage tank 10 and the finished oil tank 11 are taken as a fifth skid-mounted unit. In the figure, A, raw materials; B. high oil content; C. high mud content; D. high water content; E. steam; F. adding medicine; G. total oil production; H. a total slag outlet.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for treating the aging oil in the oil field is characterized by comprising the following treatment steps: demulsifying the aging oil of the incoming material, performing three-phase centrifugal separation and then performing two-phase centrifugal separation; or the aging oil is separated to two processing lines for three-phase centrifugal separation and two-phase centrifugal separation after the aging oil of the incoming material is demulsified.
2. The method for treating the aging oil in the oil field according to claim 1, wherein for the aging oil with large silt amount, a treatment mode of firstly three-phase centrifugal separation and then two-phase centrifugal separation is adopted to ensure the treatment effect; for the aging oil with small amount of silt, a processing mode of dividing the aging oil into two processing lines to respectively carry out three-phase centrifugal separation and two-phase centrifugal separation is adopted to increase the processing efficiency.
3. The method for treating the aging oil in the oil field as claimed in claim 2, wherein the demulsification process adopts an ultrasonic demulsification process, and a double ultrasonic emulsification tank which can realize continuous work and can keep the demulsification time is adopted in the process.
4. The method for treating the aging oil in the oil field as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method further comprises a step of re-demulsifying the oil with high cement content after three-phase centrifugal separation; the treatment method further comprises a step of performing two-phase centrifugal separation again on the oil with a large oil-water content after the three-phase centrifugal separation.
5. The method for treating the aging oil in the oil field as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method further comprises a step of performing three-phase centrifugal separation on the water with a large amount of sediment in the water tank after the two-phase centrifugal separation; and discharging the sludge after the three-phase centrifugal separation in a spiral slag discharging mode.
6. The treatment system related to the treatment method of the aging oil in the oil field according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises a pretreatment device and a feed pump both connected with a double-ultrasonic emulsification tank, wherein a discharge port of the double-ultrasonic emulsification tank is respectively connected with a three-phase centrifuge and a two-phase centrifuge through two pipelines, and a solid phase outlet, a liquid phase water outlet and a liquid phase oil outlet of the three-phase centrifuge are respectively connected with a screw conveyer, a high water-containing tank and a high oil-containing tank.
7. The oilfield aging oil treatment system of claim 6, wherein the outlet of the high oil content tank is connected with the double phacoemulsification tanks through a pipeline, and the outlet of the high oil content tank is further connected with the two-phase centrifuge through a pipeline; the two outlets of the two-phase centrifuge are respectively connected with a sewage tank and a finished oil tank, the outlet of the sewage tank is connected with a mixer through a pipeline, the mixer is connected with the three-phase centrifuge through a pipeline, the treatment system further comprises a dosing device connected with the mixer through a pipeline, and the mixer is also provided with a pipeline connected with the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks; the pipelines are provided with valves and pumps.
8. The aging oil treatment system of the oil field as claimed in claim 7, wherein the parallel pre-treatment device and the feed pump are taken as a first skid; the double ultrasonic emulsification tanks are taken as a second skid-mounted tank; the dosing device and the mixer are taken as a third skid-mounted device; the three-phase centrifuge, the high water-containing tank, the high oil-containing tank and the screw conveyer are taken as a fourth skid-mounted device; and the two-phase centrifugal machine, the sewage tank and the finished oil tank are taken as a fifth skid-mounted device.
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| CN202111550204.9A CN114292661A (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Treatment method and treatment system for aging oil in oil field |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204342740U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-20 | 南阳远大新能源开发有限公司 | Ageing oil recovery and processing system |
| CN109652119A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-04-19 | 沧州信昌化工股份有限公司 | Sump oil/aging oil treatment equipment |
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2021
- 2021-12-17 CN CN202111550204.9A patent/CN114292661A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204342740U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-20 | 南阳远大新能源开发有限公司 | Ageing oil recovery and processing system |
| CN109652119A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-04-19 | 沧州信昌化工股份有限公司 | Sump oil/aging oil treatment equipment |
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