CN114292297B - Method for preparing antiviral drug tenofovir alafenamide fumarate - Google Patents

Method for preparing antiviral drug tenofovir alafenamide fumarate Download PDF

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CN114292297B
CN114292297B CN202111571502.6A CN202111571502A CN114292297B CN 114292297 B CN114292297 B CN 114292297B CN 202111571502 A CN202111571502 A CN 202111571502A CN 114292297 B CN114292297 B CN 114292297B
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compound
reaction
organic solvent
dissolving
phosphonate
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CN114292297A (en
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李守明
杜敏
蔡文涛
翟海伟
刘志兴
杨剑飞
骆剑萍
李永
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Fujian South Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Fujian South Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing an antiviral drug tenofovir alafenamide fumarate, which comprises the following steps: (1) Adenine and (R) -propylene carbonate react to generate a compound I; (2) The compound I is treated by magnesium tert-butoxide and then is added with phosphonate S for reaction to obtain a compound II; (3) The compound III is obtained by hydrolyzing the compound II in hydrobromic acid; (4) The phosphono chloride obtained by the reaction of the compound III and thionyl chloride is directly reacted with L-alanine isopropyl ester without purification to generate a compound IV; (5) The final product, propionyl phenol tenofovir fumarate, is prepared by salifying compound IV with fumaric acid. The method has the advantages of few steps of the synthetic route, mild reaction conditions, saving principles and improving the yield of the final product.

Description

Method for preparing antiviral drug tenofovir alafenamide fumarate
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an antiviral drug tenofovir alafenamide fumarate.
Background
The current method for preparing tenofovir alafenamide fumarate from tenofovir is characterized by using tenofovir as a starting material, and the route is as follows:
wherein the monoester intermediate A is prepared from triphenyl phosphonate and tenofovir.
Since the crude drug registration of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate declares that the starting materials of tenofovir Wei Zuowei tenofovir alafenamide fumarate cannot be used, the synthetic route must be extended forward. The usual method for preparing tenofovir is as follows:
From the above synthetic route, TF is obtained by hydrolysis of intermediate B. It was found that when only one ethyl group was hydrolyzed, this was done at room temperature, whereas the second ethyl group was hydrolyzed at a very slow rate, requiring reflux to completely hydrolyze in a few hours. That is, if desired, the reaction conditions may be controlled to selectively provide monoester intermediates.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a synthetic route of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate, which has fewer steps, mild hydrolysis reaction conditions, half reduction of hydrobromic acid consumption and fewer side reactions compared with the existing synthetic route.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
A novel method for preparing antiviral drug tenofovir alafenamide fumarate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Dissolving adenine and (R) -propylene carbonate in a first organic solvent for reaction to obtain a compound I;
Compound I is
(2) Dissolving the compound I and magnesium tert-butoxide in a second organic solvent, dropwise adding phosphonate S, and carrying out heat preservation reaction to obtain a compound II;
The phosphonate S is Compound II is/>
(3) Adding the compound II into hydrobromic acid for hydrolysis, and purifying to obtain a compound III;
Compound III is
(4) Reacting the compound III with thionyl chloride, and dissolving the reaction product in a third organic solvent to obtain a solution A;
(5) Dissolving L-alanine isopropyl ester in a third organic solvent, dropwise adding the solution A for reaction, and purifying to obtain a compound IV;
(6) And (3) dissolving the compound IV in a fourth organic solvent, and adding fumaric acid to react to obtain propionyl phenol tenofovir fumarate.
In the step (1), the first organic solvent is DMF, and the reaction is performed by heating and refluxing, and by base catalysis.
Further, in the step (2), the second organic solvent is DMF, and the reaction temperature is 70-80 ℃.
Further, in the step (2), the molar usage ratio of the compound I, the magnesium tert-butoxide and the phosphonate S is 1: 0.6-1:1.1-1.5.
Further, in the step (3), the reaction temperature is room temperature and the reaction time is 6-10 hours.
Further, in the step (4) and the step (5), the third organic solvent is DCM.
Further, in the step (4), the dosage ratio of the compound III to the thionyl chloride is 1 g:1.0-10 ml.
Further, in the step (4), the reaction temperature is-30 ℃ to-20 ℃.
Further, in the step (6), the fourth organic solvent is acetone.
Further, in the step (6), the molar use ratio of the compound IV to the fumaric acid is 1:0.5-1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention synthesizes the phosphonic acid mixed ester through reactant screening and route optimization As an intermediate, the method has few steps of a synthetic route, mild hydrolysis reaction conditions and half of hydrobromic acid consumption. In addition, the temperature of the strong acid hydrolysis reaction is reduced to room temperature from reflux, so that the occurrence of side reactions is reduced, and the yield of the final product is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a synthetic route diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below in connection with specific examples, the content of which is not limited at all.
The synthetic route provided by the invention is shown in figure 1, and the specific steps are as follows:
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) Dissolving adenine and (R) -propylene carbonate in a first organic solvent for reaction to obtain a compound I;
Compound I is
(2) Dissolving the compound I and magnesium tert-butoxide in a second organic solvent, dropwise adding phosphonate S, and carrying out heat preservation reaction to obtain a compound II;
The phosphonate S is Compound II is/>
(3) Adding the compound II into hydrobromic acid for hydrolysis, and purifying to obtain a compound III;
Compound III is
(4) Reacting the compound III with thionyl chloride, and dissolving the reaction product in a third organic solvent to obtain a solution A;
(5) Dissolving L-alanine isopropyl ester in a third organic solvent, dropwise adding the solution A for reaction, and purifying to obtain a compound IV;
(6) And (3) dissolving the compound IV in a fourth organic solvent, and adding fumaric acid to react to obtain propionyl phenol tenofovir fumarate.
In the step (1), the first organic solvent is DMF, and the reaction is performed by heating and refluxing, and by base catalysis.
Further, in the step (2), the second organic solvent is DMF, and the reaction temperature is 70-80 ℃.
Further, in the step (2), the molar usage ratio of the compound I, the magnesium tert-butoxide and the phosphonate S is as follows: 1: 0.6-1:1.1-1.5.
Further, in the step (3), the reaction temperature is room temperature and the reaction time is 6-10 hours.
Further, in the step (4) and the step (5), the third organic solvent is DCM.
Further, in the step (4), the dosage ratio of the compound III to the thionyl chloride is 1 g:1.0-10 ml.
Further, in the step (4), the reaction temperature is-30 ℃ to-20 ℃.
Further, in the step (6), the fourth organic solvent is acetone.
Further, in the step (6), the molar use ratio of the compound IV to the fumaric acid is 1:0.5-1.
Examples
The synthesis steps are as follows:
(1) Synthesis of Compound I
Into the reaction flask were added 100g adenine and 0.9g sodium hydroxide, 120mL DMF, and stirring was turned on. After 91g of (R) -propylene carbonate was added, the mixture was refluxed for 6 hours. Cooling to 70 ℃, dropwise adding an aqueous solution of acetic acid, and adjusting the pH to be between 6 and 7. 150mL of ethanol was added. After the addition, the temperature is reduced to 0-10 ℃ for crystallization. Filtration, rinsing the filter cake with ethanol, and drying to obtain 115g of compound I with a yield of 80%.
(2) Synthesis of Compound II
200ML of DMF, 100g of Compound I and 68g of magnesium tert-butoxide were each added with stirring to the flask, and stirred at 70-80℃for 1 hour. Then, 230g of phosphonate S was started to be added dropwiseAfter the completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction was continued for 3 hours at a constant temperature. After the reaction solution was cooled to 30.+ -. 5 ℃, 600g of glacial acetic acid was added dropwise. Concentrating under reduced pressure until no liquid flows out. 800mL of methylene chloride, and 150mL of water were added. The aqueous phase was extracted 2 more times with 150mL of dichloromethane and the organic phases were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure until no solvent was present to give crude compound II which was used directly in the next step.
(3) Synthesis of Compound III
300ML of 48wt% hydrobromic acid was added to the crude compound II in the above step, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours. 300mL of water was added and extracted with 400mL of dichloromethane. The pH of the water phase is regulated to 2.5-3 by using strong ammonia water. Filtering, leaching the filter cake with water, and drying to obtain 185.8g of compound III, wherein the yield of the two steps is 85%.
(4) Synthesis of Compound IV
15G of Compound III and 20mL of thionyl chloride were added to the reaction flask, respectively, and heated under reflux overnight. Excess thionyl chloride was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in DCM to give a solution.
13G L-alanine isopropyl ester was dissolved in 100mL DCM and cooled to-30deg.C. Then, the solution A is dripped, and the temperature is controlled to be lower than-20 ℃ in the dripping process. After the dripping, stirring was continued for 2 hours. The reaction solution was washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, water, saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give crude compound. The crude product is recrystallized and decolorized to obtain 15g of compound IV with a yield of 75%.
(5) Synthesis of propionyl phenol tenofovir fumarate
10G of Compound IV are dissolved in 100mL of acetone, 1.2g of fumaric acid are added with stirring, and the mixture is heated under reflux for 2 hours. Cooling to room temperature for crystallization, filtering and drying to obtain 10g of product with the yield of 90 percent.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and modifications within the scope of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. A novel method for preparing an antiviral drug tenofovir alafenamide fumarate, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Dissolving adenine and (R) -propylene carbonate in a first organic solvent for reaction to obtain a compound I;
Compound I is
(2) Dissolving the compound I and magnesium tert-butoxide in a second organic solvent, dropwise adding phosphonate S, and carrying out heat preservation reaction to obtain a compound II;
The phosphonate S is Compound II is/>
(3) Adding the compound II into hydrobromic acid for reaction, and purifying to obtain a compound III;
Compound III is The reaction temperature is room temperature, and the reaction time is 6-10 hours;
(4) Reacting the compound III with thionyl chloride, and dissolving the reaction product in a third organic solvent to obtain a solution A;
(5) Dissolving L-alanine isopropyl ester in a third organic solvent, dropwise adding the solution A for reaction, and purifying to obtain a compound IV;
(6) And (3) dissolving the compound IV in a fourth organic solvent, and adding fumaric acid to react to obtain propionyl phenol tenofovir fumarate.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the first organic solvent is DMF, and the reaction is performed in a heating reflux reaction and base catalysis mode.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the second organic solvent is DMF, and the reaction temperature is 70-80 ℃.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the molar ratio of the compound I, the magnesium tert-butoxide to the phosphonate S is: 1:0.6-1:1.1-1.5.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (4) and step (5), the third organic solvent is DCM.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the ratio of the compound III to the thionyl chloride is 1 g/1.0-10 ml.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the reaction temperature is-30 ℃ to-20 ℃.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the fourth organic solvent is acetone.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the molar ratio of the compound IV to fumaric acid is 1:0.5-1.
CN202111571502.6A 2021-12-21 2021-12-21 Method for preparing antiviral drug tenofovir alafenamide fumarate Active CN114292297B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104262397A (en) * 2014-09-30 2015-01-07 浙江省天台县奥锐特药业有限公司 Preparation method of high-purity tenofovir
CN104817593A (en) * 2015-04-27 2015-08-05 广州同隽医药科技有限公司 Synthetic process of key intermediate of hemifumarate tenofovir alafenamide
CN107021984A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-08-08 福建广生堂药业股份有限公司 A kind of Preparation Method And Their Intermediate of TAF nucleoside derivates
CN107522743A (en) * 2017-09-30 2017-12-29 深圳科兴生物工程有限公司 A kind of half fumaric acid tenofovir Chinese mugwort draws phenol amine industrial continuous producing method
CN110092803A (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-06 北京睿创康泰医药研究院有限公司 Tenofovir Chinese mugwort draws the preparation and its application of phenol amine fumarate process impurity

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104262397A (en) * 2014-09-30 2015-01-07 浙江省天台县奥锐特药业有限公司 Preparation method of high-purity tenofovir
CN104817593A (en) * 2015-04-27 2015-08-05 广州同隽医药科技有限公司 Synthetic process of key intermediate of hemifumarate tenofovir alafenamide
CN107021984A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-08-08 福建广生堂药业股份有限公司 A kind of Preparation Method And Their Intermediate of TAF nucleoside derivates
CN107522743A (en) * 2017-09-30 2017-12-29 深圳科兴生物工程有限公司 A kind of half fumaric acid tenofovir Chinese mugwort draws phenol amine industrial continuous producing method
CN110092803A (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-06 北京睿创康泰医药研究院有限公司 Tenofovir Chinese mugwort draws the preparation and its application of phenol amine fumarate process impurity

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