CN114292282A - Method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology - Google Patents
Method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of synthesis of organic compounds, and provides a method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology, which comprises the following steps: (1) introducing decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a continuous flow reactor at the same time, controlling the reaction temperature to be-20-10 ℃ and the reaction time to be 40-50 s; (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, adjusting the pH value to 1.8-2.2, extracting and washing an organic layer to obtain cefuroxime acid liquid; (3) adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate in proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium solution; (4) dropping the cefuroxime acid liquid into the prepared sodium liquid, and vacuum drying to obtain the crude product of cefuroxime sodium. The method has mild reaction conditions, the yield of the obtained cefuroxime sodium is more than 85 percent, the purity is more than 99.5 percent, the safety risk is low, and the emission of waste acid water can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of synthesis of organic compounds, and particularly relates to a method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology.
Background
Cefuroxime, belonging to the second generation of cephalosporins, inhibits cell division and growth by binding to Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs) on the bacterial cell membrane, and finally lyses and dies the bacteria. Cefuroxime has broad-spectrum antibacterial effect and wide application range, and can be used for respiratory tract infection, ear infection, nose infection, throat infection, urinary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, bone and joint infection, gonorrhea, septicemia, meninges and other infections caused by sensitive bacteria.
With the good performance of cefuroxime in the world cephalosporin market. The market demands of cefuroxime raw material medicines and side chain intermediates thereof are quite good, and the cefuroxime raw material medicines and the side chain intermediates thereof become popular varieties in the international raw material medicine market. Cefuroxime acid is an intermediate of cefuroxime sodium, and the process route for producing cefuroxime acid (shown as formula I) at home and abroad takes 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) or deacetyl 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (D-7ACA) as a raw material, wherein D-7ACA is taken as the raw material, so that the process route is short, the cost is low, and the cefuroxime acid becomes a preferred raw material for companies at home and abroad. D-7ACA reacts with methoxyimino furan acetyl chloride to generate an intermediate, namely, decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC), and then the intermediate reacts with chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to be hydrolyzed to obtain a target product. Among them, in the reaction process of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) (reaction formula 1), since CSI is easily decomposed in water and releases a large amount of heat, the reaction process is very temperature-controlled.
Chinese patent document CN 112679525 a (202011554790.X) discloses a method for preparing cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production, comprising the following steps: adding MDCC into an organic solvent, controlling the temperature to be less than or equal to-30 ℃, adding chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, controlling the temperature to be-40 to-25 ℃ for aminomethyl acylation reaction, adding precooled water after the reaction is finished, and controlling the temperature to be 10-20 ℃ for hydrolysis to obtain a suspension of cefuroxime acid; and then controlling the temperature to be 0-20 ℃, dropwise adding the alkali solution for multiple times, growing crystals after each dropwise adding is finished, and finally, filtering and washing to obtain the cefuroxime acid product, wherein the pH value of the system is 1.0-2.0. The temperature in the reaction process of the patent is controlled to be-40 to-25 ℃, and the problems of high energy consumption and great operation difficulty exist.
In addition, in the prior art, in order to improve the conversion rate of the decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC), chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) is required to be excessive, so that a large amount of waste acid water is generated during waste water treatment, and the method is not environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a continuous flow reactor at the same time, controlling the reaction temperature to be-20-10 ℃ and the reaction time to be 40-50 s;
(2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, and washing an organic layer to obtain cefuroxime acid liquid;
(3) adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate in proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium solution;
(4) dripping the cefuroxime acid liquid obtained in the step (2) into prepared sodium liquid, stirring for reacting for 20 minutes after the dripping is finished, and performing suction filtration; the obtained white solid is put into a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain the crude product of cefuroxime sodium.
The reaction formula of the reaction is as follows:
preferably, the molar ratio of the decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to the chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) in the step (1) is 1: 1.1-1.3.
Preferably, the reaction temperature in step (1) is-15 to-5 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (1), the decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) is dissolved in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 10-20% before the reaction.
The reaction time in the step (1) is the residence time of the mixed raw materials in the reactor, namely the time from the beginning of the reaction liquid entering the reactor to the beginning of the reaction liquid flowing out of the reactor.
Preferably, in the step (1), before the reaction liquid enters the reactor, the continuous flow reactor is flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor pipeline is anhydrous; the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is reduced to-22-10 ℃ in advance.
Preferably, the pH is adjusted in step (2) with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution.
Preferably, in the step (2), the organic layer is washed twice with 10% sodium chloride solution, and the organic layer is separated and collected.
Preferably, the sodium solution in step (3) is kept at 30-35 ℃ for later use.
The molar weight of the sodium isooctanoate in the step (3) is 0.35-0.40 time of that of the decarbamoyl cefuroxime in the step (1), the molar weight of the sodium lactate in the step (3) is 0.80-0.90 time of that of the decarbamoyl cefuroxime in the step (1), and the mass of the methanol in the step (3) is 2.8-3.2 times of that of the decarbamoyl cefuroxime.
10. The method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature in step (4) is 33 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow, provided by the invention, can improve the reaction efficiency, can be carried out under the condition of mild reaction conditions (-20-10 ℃), has low safety risk on the premise of meeting the quality requirement, and greatly reduces the production cost. The method has the advantages that the yield of the cefuroxime sodium prepared at the reaction temperature of-20-10 ℃ is more than 85%, the purity of the cefuroxime sodium is more than 99.5%, and the yield and the purity of the cefuroxime sodium obtained at the reaction temperature of-30 ℃ are higher than those of the cefuroxime sodium obtained at the reaction temperature of-30 ℃, so that the technical effect unexpected by the technical personnel in the field is achieved. According to the synthetic method disclosed by the invention, the reaction time is controlled to be within another 40-50 s, and the yield or purity of the product is influenced if the reaction time is too long or too short. In the present invention, the molar ratio of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) is 1:1.15, whereas it is generally 1:1.3 in the prior art. Compared with the prior art, the method reduces the dosage of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI), reduces the discharge amount of waste acid water, and is safe and environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are only used to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention. The inner diameter of the continuous flow reactor used in the embodiment of the invention is 2mm, and the pressure resistance is 5 MPa. In the embodiment of the invention, the flow rate of the tetrahydrofuran solution of the decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in the step (1) is controlled to be 80-120 mL/min, and the flow rate of the chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) is controlled to be 5-8 mL/min; controlling the flow ratio of the decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) solution to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to be 10-20: 1.
example 1
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to 10 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to 10 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to 10 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled at 10 ℃ and the reaction time is controlled at 45 s. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, stirring to obtain sodium liquid, and standing at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use. Decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the addition, the mixture was stirred at 33 ℃ for 20 minutes and filtered with suction. The obtained white solid is put into a vacuum drying oven for drying (the drying temperature is lower than 40 ℃), and a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product is obtained after the drying is finished. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 99.52%, and the yield was 85%.
Example 2
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to 5 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to 5 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to 5 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled at 5 ℃ and the reaction time is controlled at 45 s. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 99.57%, and the yield was 85.2%.
Example 3
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to 0 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to 0 ℃. Simultaneously, the continuous flow reactor is cooled to 0 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled at 0 ℃ and the reaction time is controlled at 45 s. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 99.59%, and the yield was 85.4%.
Example 4
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to-5 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to-5 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to-6 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be-5 ℃ and the reaction time is controlled to be 45 s. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 99.67%, and the yield was 85.7%.
Example 5
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to-10 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to-10 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to-12 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be-10 ℃ and the reaction time is 45 s. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 99.68%, and the yield was 86.2%.
Example 6
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to-15 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to-15 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to-16 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be-15 ℃ and the reaction time is controlled to be 45 s. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 99.65%, and the yield was 85.8%.
Example 7
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to-20 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to-20 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to-22 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be-20 ℃ and the reaction time is 45S. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 99.57%, and the yield was 85.2%.
Comparative example 1
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to 15 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to 15 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to 15 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing a tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled at 15 ℃ and the reaction time is 45S. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 98.86%, and the yield was 79.1%.
Comparative example 2
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to-25 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to-25 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to-27 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be-25 ℃ and the reaction time is controlled to be 45 s. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 99.37%, and the yield was 83.6%.
Comparative example 3
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to-30 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to-30 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to-31 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be-30 ℃ and the reaction time is controlled to be 45 s. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 99.02%, and the yield was 81.7%.
Comparative example 4
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to-10 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to-10 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to-10 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled at-10 ℃ and the reaction time is controlled at 30 s. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 97.7%, and the yield was 79.7%.
Comparative example 5
A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps: 1) dissolving descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the mass fraction of 20%, and cooling to-10 ℃; cooling chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) to-10 ℃. Simultaneously, the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is lowered to-10 ℃ in advance; the continuous flow reactor was flushed with tetrahydrofuran to ensure that the reactor tube was anhydrous.
(2) Introducing tetrahydrofuran solution of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a liquid inlet pipe respectively, mixing at a mixer, and then simultaneously introducing into a continuous flow reactor, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be-10 ℃ and the reaction time is 60S. The molar ratio of decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) to chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) was calculated to be 1: 1.15.
(3) And (2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2 by using saturated sodium bicarbonate, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, washing the organic layer twice by using 10% saline solution, and separating the liquid to obtain the cefuroxime acid liquid.
(4) Preparing a four-mouth flask, adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate according to a proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium liquid (at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for later use); decarbamoyl cefuroxime: sodium isooctoate: the molar ratio of sodium lactate is 1: 0.37: 0.85; decarbamoyl cefuroxime: the mass ratio of methanol is 1: 3.
(5) and (4) dripping the liquid obtained in the step (3) into the prepared sodium liquid for 1h +/-10 min. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and filtered. And (3) drying the obtained white solid in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a white powdery cefuroxime sodium crude product after drying. The purity of cefuroxime sodium was 99.15%, and the yield was 82.7%.
Through the above examples and the results of comparative experiments, it can be seen that the method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow provided by the invention can improve the reaction efficiency, can be performed under the condition of mild reaction conditions (-20-10 ℃), has low safety risk and greatly reduces the production cost on the premise of meeting the quality requirements. The method has the advantages that the yield of the cefuroxime sodium prepared at the reaction temperature of-20-10 ℃ is more than 85%, the purity of the cefuroxime sodium is more than 99.5%, the yield and the purity of the cefuroxime sodium obtained at the reaction temperature of-30 ℃ are higher than those of the cefuroxime sodium obtained at the reaction temperature of-30 ℃, and unexpected technical effects of the technical personnel in the field are achieved. According to the synthetic method disclosed by the invention, the reaction time is controlled to be within another 40-50 s, and the yield or purity of the product is influenced if the reaction time is too long or too short. In the present invention, the molar ratio of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) is 1:1.15, whereas it is generally 1:1.3 in the prior art. Compared with the prior art, the method reduces the dosage of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI), reduces the discharge amount of waste acid water, and is safe and environment-friendly. Compared with the reaction in the prior art which requires ultralow temperature (below-50 ℃), the method provided by the invention realizes the reaction under mild reaction conditions, and reduces the operation difficulty and energy consumption.
Claims (10)
1. A method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on a continuous flow reaction technology comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) into a continuous flow reactor at the same time, controlling the reaction temperature to be-20-10 ℃ and the reaction time to be 40-50 s;
(2) quenching the product flowing out of the reactor by using ice water, heating to 15-20 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15-30 min, adjusting the pH to 1.8-2.2, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, and washing an organic layer to obtain cefuroxime acid liquid;
(3) adding ethanol, sodium isooctanoate and sodium lactate in proportion, and stirring to obtain sodium solution;
(4) dripping the cefuroxime acid liquid obtained in the step (2) into prepared sodium liquid, stirring for reaction for 20 minutes, and performing suction filtration; the obtained white solid is put into a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain the crude product of cefuroxime sodium.
2. The method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) in step (1) is 1: 1.1-1.3.
3. The method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature in step (1) is-15 to-5 ℃.
4. The method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the decarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) is dissolved in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with a mass fraction of 10% -20% before the reaction.
5. The method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the continuous flow reactor is flushed with tetrahydrofuran before the reaction solution enters the reactor, so as to ensure that the reactor pipeline is anhydrous; the temperature of the continuous flow reactor is reduced to-22-10 ℃ in advance.
6. The method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology according to claim 1, wherein the pH adjustment in step (2) is performed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate.
7. The method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology according to claim 1, wherein the washing in step (2) is to wash the organic layer twice with 10% saline solution, and separate the organic layer.
8. The method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology according to claim 1, wherein the sodium solution in step (3) is at 30-35 ℃.
9. The method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology according to claim 1, wherein the molar amount of sodium isooctanoate in step (3) is 0.35-0.40 times of the molar amount of descarbamoyl cefuroxime in step (1), the molar amount of sodium lactate in step (3) is 0.80-0.90 times of the molar amount of descarbamoyl cefuroxime in step (1), and the mass of methanol in step (3) is 2.8-3.2 times of the mass of descarbamoyl cefuroxime.
10. The method for synthesizing cefuroxime sodium based on continuous flow reaction technology according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature in step (4) is 32-34 ℃.
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| CN101054386A (en) * | 2006-11-12 | 2007-10-17 | 西南合成制药股份有限公司 | Method of synthesizing cefuroxime |
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