CN114291860A - Organic waste liquid schizolysis system in laboratory - Google Patents

Organic waste liquid schizolysis system in laboratory Download PDF

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CN114291860A
CN114291860A CN202210112762.5A CN202210112762A CN114291860A CN 114291860 A CN114291860 A CN 114291860A CN 202210112762 A CN202210112762 A CN 202210112762A CN 114291860 A CN114291860 A CN 114291860A
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waste liquid
reaction
flue gas
baffle
dehydration
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CN114291860B (en
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禚玉群
徐可培
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Beijing Jihong Technology Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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Beijing Jihong Technology Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention provides a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system, wherein a flame stabilizer (112) is distributed in a waste liquid reaction device (1), and an air pipe is arranged at the periphery of the flame stabilizer; a liquid sprayer is arranged on the waste liquid reaction device (1); and the intersection point of the central lines of the liquid sprayers is deviated to the right of the central line of the flame stabilizer; arranging a flow guiding arch (123), wherein the flow guiding arch (123) is positioned above the flame holder (121); the waste liquid sprayed into the waste liquid reaction device (1) through the liquid sprayer, the reaction product obtained through the reaction enters the waste heat recovery device (2) for preliminary cooling, then enters the flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device (3) for quenching desulfurization, then flows through the flue gas dehydration device (4) to remove the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally, the residual harmful components are filtered through the flue gas purification device (5). The invention can ensure the requirements of the reaction of the initial waste liquid on the space section and the requirements of the subsequent reaction on the temperature.

Description

一种实验室有机废液裂解系统A laboratory organic waste liquid pyrolysis system

技术领域technical field

本发明属于有机废液实验设备技术领域,涉及一种实验室有机废液裂解系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of organic waste liquid experimental equipment, and relates to a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system.

背景技术Background technique

随着我国科学技术快速发展,高校、科研机构与企业的实验室不断扩建,实验室的种类、数量与规模也不断壮大,随之而来的则是实验室废弃物所带来的污染问题。实验室废弃物主要包括:固体废弃物,废液,废气,以及病毒和致病菌的生物性污染物等。高校实验室废弃物具有高毒性,高危害性,但环保部门并未列入环保检测的项目,即使列入,也因量小、易被生活污水稀释而难于检测到。With the rapid development of science and technology in my country, the laboratories of universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises have been continuously expanded, and the types, quantity and scale of laboratories have also continued to grow, followed by the pollution caused by laboratory waste. Laboratory waste mainly includes: solid waste, waste liquid, waste gas, and biological pollutants such as viruses and pathogenic bacteria. University laboratory waste is highly toxic and hazardous, but the environmental protection department has not included it in the environmental protection testing items. Even if it is included, it is difficult to detect due to its small amount and easy dilution by domestic sewage.

实验室废液主要来自各科研单位实验研究室和高等院校的科研和教学实验室。实验室废液有其自身的特殊性质:量少,间断性强,高危害,成分复杂多变。根据废液中所含主要污染物性质,可以分为实验室有机和无机废液两大类。无机废液主要含有重金属、重金属络合物、酸碱、氰化物、硫化物、卤素离子以及其他无机离子等。有机废液含有常用的有机溶剂、有机酸、醚类、多氯联苯、有机磷化合物、酚类、石油类、油脂类物质。相比而言,有机废液比无机废液污染的范围更广,带来的危害更严重。不同的废液,污染物组成不同,处理方法和效果也不相同。实验室废液的处理本着分类收集,就地、及时地原位处理,简易操作,以废治废和降低成本的原则。The laboratory waste liquid mainly comes from the laboratory laboratories of various scientific research units and the scientific research and teaching laboratories of colleges and universities. Laboratory waste liquid has its own special properties: small amount, strong discontinuity, high hazard, and complex and changeable composition. According to the nature of the main pollutants contained in the waste liquid, it can be divided into two categories: laboratory organic waste liquid and inorganic waste liquid. Inorganic waste liquid mainly contains heavy metals, heavy metal complexes, acids and bases, cyanides, sulfides, halogen ions and other inorganic ions. The organic waste liquid contains commonly used organic solvents, organic acids, ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, organophosphorus compounds, phenols, petroleum and grease substances. In comparison, organic waste liquid has a wider range of pollution and more serious harm than inorganic waste liquid. Different waste liquids have different pollutant compositions and different treatment methods and effects. The treatment of laboratory waste liquid is based on the principles of classified collection, local and timely in-situ treatment, simple operation, waste treatment and cost reduction.

目前处理实验室有机废液的一般方式是集中收集,然后运送到处理机构进行处理,此种方法废弃物处理不及时存在泄漏等安全隐患,且专业处理公司针对各种不同成分的有机废液的处理工艺繁琐,成本高。At present, the general way to deal with laboratory organic waste liquid is to collect it centrally, and then transport it to a treatment institution for treatment. This method of waste disposal is not timely, and there are potential safety hazards such as leakage, and professional treatment companies target various organic waste liquids with different compositions. The processing process is cumbersome and the cost is high.

因此迫切需要能够针对实验室有机废液就地实时处理的一种实验室废液反应系统。Therefore, there is an urgent need for a laboratory waste liquid reaction system that can treat laboratory organic waste liquid in real time.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

针对现有技术存在的废弃物处理不及时、存在泄漏等安全隐患、且处理成本高据的不足,本发明提供了一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其能够就地有效处理实验室有机废液,使经处理后有机废液符合国家排放标准;且本发明处理效率高,废弃物单量处理费用低。Aiming at the shortcomings of the prior art such as untimely disposal of waste, potential safety hazards such as leakage, and high processing cost, the present invention provides a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system, which can effectively treat laboratory organic waste on site The organic waste liquid after treatment meets the national discharge standard; and the invention has high treatment efficiency and low waste treatment cost per unit amount.

为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

本发明提供一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其包括:The invention provides a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system, which comprises:

废液反应装置,在所述废液反应装置的末端依次设置余热回收装置、烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置、烟气脱水装置和烟气净化装置;A waste liquid reaction device, a waste heat recovery device, a flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device, a flue gas dehydration device and a flue gas purification device are sequentially arranged at the end of the waste liquid reaction device;

所述废液反应装置包括位于底部的锥形收集部、位于中部垂直段的反应体和位于上部的尾气出口部;所述尾气出口部的左侧为向右倾斜的斜面,右侧为竖直面;左侧斜面的端部位于反应体中心线的右侧;The waste liquid reaction device includes a conical collecting part located at the bottom, a reaction body located in the vertical section in the middle, and a tail gas outlet part located at the upper part; the left side of the tail gas outlet part is a slope inclined to the right, and the right side is vertical face; the end of the left slope is located on the right side of the centerline of the reaction body;

所述废液反应装置的腔体内布置有稳焰器,且其周边设置有风管与所述腔体相通;废液反应装置上设置有能够将废液喷入所述腔体结构内部的多个喷液器,且所述喷液器的中心线交汇点在所述稳焰器的中心线偏右;在所述废液反应装置上设置导流拱,所述导流拱位于所述稳焰器上方;所述废液反应装置的底部接渣灰收集装置;A flame stabilizer is arranged in the cavity of the waste liquid reaction device, and an air pipe is arranged around it to communicate with the cavity body; There are two liquid injectors, and the intersection point of the center lines of the liquid injectors is to the right of the center line of the flame stabilizer; a diversion arch is arranged on the waste liquid reaction device, and the diversion arch is located in the stable Above the flame; the bottom of the waste liquid reaction device is connected to a slag ash collection device;

废液经喷液器喷入废液反应装置内,经过废液反应装置反应得到反应产物,反应产物进入余热回收装置得以初步降温后,进入烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置进行急冷脱硫,之后流经烟气脱水装置脱除烟气中所含的水分,最后经过烟气净化装置过滤掉残留的有害成分。The waste liquid is sprayed into the waste liquid reaction device through the liquid sprayer, and the reaction product is obtained through the reaction of the waste liquid reaction device. The flue gas dehydration device removes the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally the residual harmful components are filtered out by the flue gas purification device.

更优选的,所述稳焰器整体呈涡轮型结构,其中部为类椭圆形实心,实心四周为涡轮式通道。More preferably, the flame stabilizer has a turbine-type structure as a whole, the middle of which is an elliptical-like solid, and the solid periphery is a turbine-type channel.

更优选的,在所述收集部上布置有多个一次风管;所述一次风管按照多层圆环型方式布置,其以所述反应体的中心平面为分界面,分界面左侧的一次风管向右偏;分界面右侧的一次风管竖直向上;More preferably, a plurality of primary air ducts are arranged on the collection part; the primary air ducts are arranged in a multi-layer annular manner, and the central plane of the reaction body is used as an interface, and the left side of the interface is The primary air duct is deviated to the right; the primary air duct on the right side of the interface is vertically upward;

或者,or,

在所述收集部上布置有一次风管;所述一次风管为直立风管,该直立风管的四周错落开有出风口,且自下向上出风口的直径依次减小;A primary air duct is arranged on the collection part; the primary air duct is an upright air duct, and air outlets are staggered around the upright air duct, and the diameters of the air outlets decrease sequentially from bottom to top;

或者,or,

在所述反应体上布置有多个一次风管,所述一次风管的中心线位于同一水平面,且位于稳焰器的下方。A plurality of primary air ducts are arranged on the reaction body, and the centerlines of the primary air ducts are located on the same horizontal plane and below the flame stabilizer.

更优选的,所述多个喷液器布置在所述反应体上;或者,所述多个喷液器布置在所述收集部的锥面上。More preferably, the plurality of liquid sprayers are arranged on the reaction body; or, the plurality of liquid sprayers are arranged on the conical surface of the collecting part.

更优选的,在所述反应体内,顺着有机废液反应流程方向,自下而上交错布置多级导流拱。More preferably, in the reaction body, along the direction of the reaction flow of the organic waste liquid, multi-stage diversion arches are staggered and arranged from bottom to top.

更优选的,所述导流拱的下表面与水平面夹角为b,该夹角b满足:15°≦b≦65°;其右侧与反应体腔体内壁相接的垂段面的高度为A,左侧自由端为半径为R1的圆弧状,该R1满足:R1=(0.3~0.8)A。More preferably, the included angle between the lower surface of the guide arch and the horizontal plane is b, and the included angle b satisfies: 15°≦b≦65°; A, the left free end is in the shape of an arc with a radius R1, and this R1 satisfies: R1=(0.3~0.8)A.

更优选的,布置在废液反应装置右侧的第一级导流拱距离稳焰器的高度为H1;其自由端端部在废液反应装置中心线左侧,该H1满足:0.2D<H1<D;其中D为所述反应体的直径;More preferably, the height of the first-stage guide arch arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device from the flame stabilizer is H1; its free end is on the left side of the center line of the waste liquid reaction device, and this H1 satisfies: 0.2D< H1<D; wherein D is the diameter of the reaction body;

布置在废液反应装置左侧的第二级导流拱距离第一级导流拱的高度为H2,其自由端端部与废液反应装置的中心线重合;该H2满足:H2=0.5~1.5H1,其中H1为第一级导流拱距离稳焰器的高度;The height of the second-stage diversion arch arranged on the left side of the waste liquid reaction device from the first-stage diversion arch is H2, and its free end is coincident with the centerline of the waste liquid reaction device; this H2 satisfies: H2=0.5~ 1.5H1, where H1 is the height of the first-stage deflector arch from the flame stabilizer;

布置在废液反应装置右侧的第三级导流拱,距离第一级导流拱的高度为H3,其自由端端部与在废液反应装置中心线右侧;所述H3满足:H3=0.5~1.5H1;H1为第一级导流拱距离稳焰器的高度。The third-stage guide arch arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device, the height from the first-stage guide arch is H3, and its free end is on the right side of the center line of the waste liquid reaction device; the H3 satisfies: H3 =0.5~1.5H1; H1 is the height of the first-stage guide arch from the flame stabilizer.

更优选的,在所述第二级导流拱的对面反应体壁上布置有二次风管;所述二次风管的出口中心线与第二级导流拱的上缘在同一高度;More preferably, a secondary air duct is arranged on the wall of the reaction body opposite to the second-stage diversion arch; the outlet centerline of the secondary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the second-stage diversion arch;

在所述第三级导流拱的对面反应体壁上布置有三次风管;所述三次风管的出口中心线与第三级导流拱的上缘在同一高度。A tertiary air duct is arranged on the wall of the reaction body opposite to the third-stage diversion arch; the outlet centerline of the tertiary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the third-stage diversion arch.

更优选的,所述烟气脱水装置包括:More preferably, the flue gas dehydration device includes:

前序脱水装置、末端脱水装置、在末端脱水装置底部设的集水槽;Preliminary dehydration device, terminal dehydration device, and a sump set at the bottom of the end dehydration device;

所述前序脱水装置中设置多级脱水体,含水烟气依次经过前序脱水装置脱水后,凝结的水珠和其余烟气一起进入末端脱水装置,经末端脱水装置冲击后回落的水滴汇集到集水槽中。The pre-dehydration device is equipped with a multi-stage dehydrator. After the water-containing flue gas is dehydrated through the pre-dehydration device in sequence, the condensed water droplets and the rest of the flue gas enter the end dehydration device together, and the water droplets that fall back after being impacted by the end dehydration device are collected. in the sump.

更优选的,所述末端脱水装置包括:竖直挡板、在竖直挡板一侧的倾斜挡板和在竖直挡板另一侧的回流挡板;所述倾斜挡板和回流挡板形成下端开口的倒V型结构,且其下端开口通向集水槽;倾斜挡板与水平面夹角小于回流挡板与水平面的夹角;竖直挡板与倾斜挡板构成突缩结构,竖直挡板与回流挡板构成突扩结构;竖直挡板垂直投影落在倾斜挡板上,且其底端与倾斜挡板有间隙;回流挡板靠近顶端位置开有通向烟气净化装置的烟气通口;More preferably, the terminal dehydration device includes: a vertical baffle, an inclined baffle on one side of the vertical baffle and a return baffle on the other side of the vertical baffle; the inclined baffle and the return baffle An inverted V-shaped structure with an opening at the lower end is formed, and the opening at the lower end leads to the water collecting tank; the angle between the inclined baffle and the horizontal plane is smaller than the angle between the return baffle and the horizontal plane; the vertical baffle and the inclined baffle form a sudden shrinking structure, the vertical The baffle and the return baffle form a sudden expansion structure; the vertical projection of the vertical baffle falls on the inclined baffle, and there is a gap between the bottom end of the baffle and the inclined baffle; the return baffle is close to the top with a channel leading to the flue gas purification device. flue gas vent;

或者,or,

所述末端脱水装置为左右对称结构的双脱水结构,其包括竖直挡板、倾斜挡板和回流挡板;所述竖直挡板和对称布置在竖直挡板两侧的倾斜挡板构成两个突缩结构;两块回流挡板呈倒V型结构,底端开口并连接集水槽,两侧的回流挡板和倾斜挡板构成左右对称的突扩结构,且两个突扩结构的扩口分别通向布置在末端脱水装置两侧的烟气净化装置;The end dehydration device is a double dehydration structure with a left-right symmetrical structure, which includes a vertical baffle, an inclined baffle and a return baffle; the vertical baffle and the inclined baffles symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffle are formed. Two sudden shrinking structures; the two return baffles are inverted V-shaped structures, the bottom ends are open and connected to the water collection tank, the return baffles and inclined baffles on both sides form a left-right symmetrical sudden expansion structure, and the two sudden expansion structures are The flared openings respectively lead to the flue gas purification devices arranged on both sides of the terminal dehydration device;

或者,or,

所述末端脱水装置包括左右对称结构的双脱水结构,以及在双脱水结构的两侧分别加设有集聚桶;所述双脱水结构包括竖直挡板、倾斜挡板和回流挡板;所述竖直挡板和对称布置在竖直挡板两侧的倾斜挡板构成两个突缩结构;两块回流挡板呈倒V型结构,底端开口并连接集水槽,两侧的回流挡板和倾斜挡板构成左右对称的突扩结构;所述突扩结构的扩口分别通向该集聚桶,并且该集聚桶上部具有开口与烟气净化装置相通,底部具有开口与集水槽相通。The terminal dehydration device includes a double dehydration structure with a left-right symmetrical structure, and a collection bucket is respectively added on both sides of the double dehydration structure; the double dehydration structure includes a vertical baffle, an inclined baffle and a return baffle; the The vertical baffle and the inclined baffles symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffle form two sudden shrinking structures; the two return baffles are in an inverted V-shaped structure, the bottom end is open and connected to the water collection tank, and the return baffles on both sides are and the inclined baffle to form a left-right symmetrical protruding expansion structure; the flared openings of the protruding expansion structure respectively lead to the collecting barrel, and the upper part of the collecting barrel has an opening to communicate with the flue gas purification device, and the bottom has an opening to communicate with the water collecting tank.

由上述本发明的技术方案可以看出,本发明具有如下有益效果:As can be seen from the above technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1、本发明中的废液反应装置包括位于底部的锥形收集部、位于中部垂直段的反应体和位于上部的尾气出口部;尾气出口部的左侧为向右倾斜的斜面,右侧为竖直面;左侧斜面的端部位于反应体中心线的右侧。本申请通过限制左侧斜面的端部位于反应体中心线的右侧,可以调节尾气转向时的流速,控制流速可以使尾气中的较大、较重的灰尘粒子分离下来。1. The waste liquid reaction device in the present invention comprises a conical collecting part located at the bottom, a reaction body located in the vertical section of the middle part and a tail gas outlet part located at the upper part; the left side of the tail gas outlet part is a slope inclined to the right, and the right side is Vertical plane; the end of the left inclined plane is to the right of the centerline of the reaction body. In the present application, by limiting the end of the left slope to the right side of the centerline of the reaction body, the flow rate of the exhaust gas can be adjusted when turning, and controlling the flow rate can separate larger and heavier dust particles in the exhaust gas.

2、废液反应装置内布置有稳焰器,且其周边设置有风管与废液反应装置的腔体相通;废液反应装置上设置有能够将废液喷入腔体结构内部的多个喷液器,且喷液器的中心线交汇点在稳焰器的中心线偏右;在废液反应装置上设置导流拱,导流拱位于稳焰器上方。通过设置导流拱,能够迫使烟气走S形路径,在同样的高度内,增长了尾气的流程,同样的流速下,增加了停留时间,降低了设备高度。在废液处理量较小时,增加尾气在废液反应装置内的充满度,更加适应负荷的变化。2. A flame stabilizer is arranged in the waste liquid reaction device, and an air duct is arranged around it to communicate with the cavity of the waste liquid reaction device; the waste liquid reaction device is provided with a plurality of devices that can spray the waste liquid into the cavity structure. A liquid sprayer, and the intersection point of the center line of the liquid sprayer is to the right of the centerline of the flame stabilizer; a diversion arch is arranged on the waste liquid reaction device, and the diversion arch is located above the flame stabilizer. By setting the deflector arch, the flue gas can be forced to take an S-shaped path, and within the same height, the flow of the exhaust gas is increased. Under the same flow rate, the residence time is increased and the equipment height is reduced. When the amount of waste liquid treatment is small, the fullness of the tail gas in the waste liquid reaction device is increased to better adapt to the change of load.

3、本发明通过在废液反应装置的内壁面布置耐火材质内衬,利于反应装置内部温度均匀,提高反应速率,加强有机废液处理过程稳定性,同时对反应装置本身起到一定的保护作用。3. The present invention arranges a refractory lining on the inner wall surface of the waste liquid reaction device, which is beneficial to the uniformity of the internal temperature of the reaction device, improves the reaction rate, strengthens the stability of the organic waste liquid treatment process, and at the same time has a certain protective effect on the reaction device itself. .

4、本申请在废液反应装置的收集部靠近底部位置处布置有一次风管。一次风管呈多层圆环型方式布置,该一次风管以收集部的中心平面为分界面,分界面左侧的一次风管向右偏;分界面右侧的一次风管竖直向上。这种呈多层圆环型方式布置方式可以使一次风的风速提高,增加一次风的穿透力,加强了旋流反应物的旋流效果,能够与废液更好的混合,有利于燃烧的顺利进行;同时使反应物与壁面充分接触,可有效吸收热量,提高反应速率。4. In the present application, a primary air duct is arranged at a position close to the bottom of the collection part of the waste liquid reaction device. The primary air duct is arranged in a multi-layered ring shape. The primary air duct takes the central plane of the collecting part as the interface, and the primary air duct on the left side of the interface is offset to the right; the primary air duct on the right side of the interface is vertically upward. This multi-layer annular arrangement can increase the wind speed of the primary air, increase the penetrating power of the primary air, strengthen the swirl effect of the swirl reactant, and can better mix with the waste liquid, which is beneficial to combustion At the same time, the reactants are fully contacted with the wall surface, which can effectively absorb heat and improve the reaction rate.

5、本发明中的稳焰器为涡轮型稳焰器,其中部为类椭圆形实心,实心四周为涡轮式通道;稳焰器由高蓄热、防磨损、耐高温材料制成。稳焰器中部类椭圆形实心的设置可使初进下部反应体的废液液滴迅速蒸发、裂解并达到着火点;稳焰器四周涡轮式通道使反应物和一次风更好的进行混合,提高反应速率,同时利于废液反应的内循环充满整个下部反应体,提高下部反应体利用率。5. The flame stabilizer in the present invention is a turbine type flame stabilizer, the middle of which is an elliptical solid, and the solid periphery is a turbine type channel; the flame stabilizer is made of high heat storage, anti-wear and high temperature resistant materials. The elliptical solid configuration in the middle of the flame stabilizer can make the waste liquid droplets entering the lower reaction body quickly evaporate, crack and reach the ignition point; the turbine-type channels around the flame stabilizer make the reactants and the primary air better mix, improve the At the same time, it is conducive to the internal circulation of the waste liquid reaction to fill the entire lower reactor, and the utilization rate of the lower reactor is improved.

6、本发明中的下部反应体的上缩段锥面上布置有多个喷液器,多个喷射器可实现低热值废液和高热值废液进行混喷,提高处理废液的总体热值,增加废液处理的稳定性和高效性;喷液器夹角的设计为废液反应的内循环的形成提供有力条件。左右锥面喷液器中心线交汇点在稳焰器中部偏右,即保证了喷液器的中心线交汇点在反应装置的中心线右侧,结合一次风管左侧风管向右倾斜,这样能够使废液和空气的汇合位置在反应装置的右侧,废液反应位置处于最下层导流拱的下方,远离导流拱的出口位置;且一次风管提供废液反应需要的空气,稳焰器和导流拱积蓄的热量,提供反应需要温度,保证了废液反应的顺利进行,更能适合不同成分、不同种类的废液。6. A plurality of liquid sprayers are arranged on the conical surface of the upper constricted section of the lower reaction body in the present invention, and the multiple sprayers can realize the mixed spraying of low-calorific value waste liquid and high-calorific value waste liquid, and improve the overall heat treatment of waste liquid. value, increase the stability and efficiency of waste liquid treatment; the design of the included angle of the liquid ejector provides powerful conditions for the formation of the internal circulation of the waste liquid reaction. The intersection point of the center lines of the left and right conical liquid ejectors is to the right in the middle of the flame stabilizer, which ensures that the center line intersection of the liquid ejector is on the right side of the center line of the reaction device. In this way, the confluence position of waste liquid and air can be located on the right side of the reaction device, and the reaction position of waste liquid is located below the lowermost guide arch, away from the outlet of the guide arch; and the primary air duct provides the air required for the reaction of waste liquid, The heat accumulated by the flame stabilizer and the guide arch provides the temperature required for the reaction, which ensures the smooth progress of the reaction of the waste liquid, and is more suitable for different components and types of waste liquid.

7、本申请中的反应体内,顺着有机废液反应流程方向,自下而上交错布置多级导流拱,在导流拱对面的反应体壁上布置有二次风管、三次风管;通过导流拱迫使尾气在流动方向发生改变后,可以使反应体内部的成分分布更加均匀,进一步与二次风、三次风发生的反应会更加完全,从而使反应体尾气中的成分会充分的分解与反应。7. In the reaction body of this application, along the direction of the organic waste liquid reaction process, the multi-level diversion arches are staggered from bottom to top, and secondary air ducts and tertiary air ducts are arranged on the wall of the reaction body opposite the diversion arches. ; After the exhaust gas is forced to change in the flow direction through the diversion arch, the distribution of components inside the reactor can be more uniform, and the further reaction with the secondary air and tertiary air will be more complete, so that the components in the exhaust gas of the reactant will be sufficient. decomposition and reaction.

8、本申请中,二次风管、三次风管的出口中心线与对应的导流拱的上缘在同一高度。这样的结构能够保证二次风、三次风在左面最小的地方混合,流通截面小,尾气流速高,流速高对尾气的扰动高,使空气与烟气混合更均匀。8. In this application, the centerline of the outlet of the secondary air duct and the tertiary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the corresponding guide arch. Such a structure can ensure that the secondary air and tertiary air are mixed in the smallest place on the left, with a small flow cross-section, high exhaust gas flow rate, and high flow rate disturbance to the exhaust gas, making the air and flue gas mix more uniformly.

9、本申请将布置在收集部的一次风管左侧向右倾斜,此处一次风向右侧吹,右侧竖直布置,一次风向上吹,使反应物的焚烧主要在右侧进行;配合布置在右侧向上倾斜的第一级导流拱,且将风口部的尾气出口布置在左侧,延长了反应物的焚烧时间;导流拱有较强的蓄热功能,配合稳焰器的蓄热功能,加强了废液的焚烧,对废液热值的适应性更广。9. In this application, the left side of the primary air duct arranged in the collection part is inclined to the right, where the primary wind blows to the right, the right side is arranged vertically, and the primary wind blows upward, so that the incineration of the reactants is mainly carried out on the right side; The first-stage deflector arch is arranged on the right side and is inclined upward, and the exhaust gas outlet of the tuyere is arranged on the left side, which prolongs the incineration time of the reactants; The heat storage function strengthens the incineration of waste liquid and has wider adaptability to the calorific value of waste liquid.

10、在整个废液反应装置内布置有多级温度测点,温度测点和三个送风装置连锁进行耦合控制。通过温度监测获得下部产物的反应程度,进而控制一次风、二次风、三次风输送量,达到整体反应装置的自动控制及废液流量变化时的自适应调节,可有效提高废液输送量波动时处理系统反应时间,提高反应速率,同时使反应进行充分、彻底。10. Multi-stage temperature measurement points are arranged in the entire waste liquid reaction device, and the temperature measurement points are linked with three air supply devices for coupling control. The reaction degree of the lower product is obtained by temperature monitoring, and then the conveying volume of primary air, secondary air and tertiary air is controlled to achieve the automatic control of the overall reaction device and the adaptive adjustment when the waste liquid flow rate changes, which can effectively improve the fluctuation of waste liquid conveying volume. Timely treatment system reaction time, improve reaction rate, and at the same time make the reaction proceed fully and thoroughly.

11、本发明中的烟气脱水装置设有多级脱水装置和末端脱水装置,末端脱水装置底部设有集水槽,末端脱水装置壁面均设有脱水材质的内衬,烟气经过多级脱水装置后凝结的水珠和其余烟气一起进入末端脱水装置;末端脱水装置中部设有竖直挡板,倾斜挡板与水平面夹角小于回流挡板与水平面的夹角;竖直挡板与倾斜挡板构成突缩结构,竖直挡板与回流挡板构成突扩结构;竖直挡板的垂直投影落在倾斜挡板上;烟气和水珠混合物在经过倾斜挡板流向回流挡板时在惯性力作用下,混合物会冲刷左坡面上的脱水材质的内衬,加强脱水效果,同时把烟气中夹杂的水滴顺利收集到集水槽。11. The flue gas dehydration device in the present invention is provided with a multi-stage dehydration device and an end dehydration device. The bottom of the end dehydration device is provided with a water collecting tank, and the wall surface of the end dehydration device is provided with an inner lining of dehydration material. The flue gas passes through the multi-stage dehydration device. The condensed water droplets and the rest of the flue gas enter the terminal dehydration device together; the middle of the terminal dehydration device is provided with a vertical baffle, and the angle between the inclined baffle and the horizontal plane is smaller than the angle between the return baffle and the horizontal plane; the vertical baffle and the inclined baffle The plate forms a sudden contraction structure, and the vertical baffle and the return baffle form a sudden expansion structure; the vertical projection of the vertical baffle falls on the inclined baffle; the mixture of flue gas and water droplets flows through the inclined baffle to the return baffle. Under the action of inertial force, the mixture will wash the inner lining of the dehydration material on the left slope surface, strengthen the dehydration effect, and at the same time smoothly collect the water droplets mixed in the flue gas into the water collecting tank.

12、实验室有机废液就地实时处理系统实现模块化结构,集成度高,结构紧凑,布置灵活,占地面积小,处理效率高,有机废液单量处理费用低,可有效处理实验室有机废液。12. The on-site real-time treatment system for laboratory organic waste liquid realizes a modular structure, with high integration, compact structure, flexible layout, small footprint, high treatment efficiency, and low single-volume treatment cost of organic waste liquid, which can effectively treat the laboratory. organic waste.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例一的结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例一中的一次风管的结构示意图;2 is a schematic structural diagram of a primary air duct in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例一中的稳焰器的结构示意图;3 is a schematic structural diagram of the flame stabilizer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图4为本发明实施例一中的导流拱的结构示意图;4 is a schematic structural diagram of a diversion arch in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图5为本发明实施例二中的废液反应装置的结构示意图;Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the waste liquid reaction device in the second embodiment of the present invention;

图6为本发明实施例三中的废液反应装置的结构示意图;6 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste liquid reaction device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

图7为本发明中实施例四中的烟气脱水装置和烟气净化装置的组合结构示意图;7 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the flue gas dehydration device and the flue gas purification device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

图8为本发明中实施例四中的烟气脱水装置和烟气净化装置的组合结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the flue gas dehydration device and the flue gas purification device in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

附图标记:Reference number:

废液反应装置1、余热回收装置2、烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置3、烟气脱水装置4、烟气净化装置5;收集部11、反应体12、尾气出口部13;一次风管111、稳焰器121、喷液器122、导流拱123;前序脱水装置41、末端脱水装置42、集水槽43。Waste liquid reaction device 1, waste heat recovery device 2, integrated flue gas quenching and desulfurization device 3, flue gas dehydration device 4, flue gas purification device 5; collection part 11, reaction body 12, exhaust gas outlet part 13; primary air duct 111, The flame stabilizer 121 , the liquid sprayer 122 , the diversion arch 123 ;

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合说明书附图和实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例仅用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

本申请文件中的上、下、左、右、内、外、前端、后端、头部、尾部等方位或位置关系用语是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系而建立的。附图不同,则相应的位置关系也有可能随之发生变化,故不能以此理解为对保护范围的限定。The azimuth or positional relationship terms such as up, down, left, right, inner, outer, front, rear, head, and tail in this application document are established based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. If the drawings are different, the corresponding positional relationship may also change accordingly, so this should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope.

本发明中,术语“安装”、“相连”、“相接”、“连接”、“固定”等应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,也可以是一体地连接,也可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接或可以相互通信,也可以是直接连接,也可以是通过中间媒介间接连接,可以是两个元器件内部的联通,也可以是两个元器件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the present invention, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection Connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or mutual communication, direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, internal communication between two components, or two components interaction relationship. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

实施例一:Example 1:

本发明提供一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,该系统的结构如图1所示,包括:废液反应装置1、余热回收装置2、烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置3、烟气脱水装置4、烟气净化装置5。The present invention provides a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 1 , including: a waste liquid reaction device 1, a waste heat recovery device 2, a flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device 3, and a flue gas dehydration device 4 , Flue gas purification device 5.

废液反应装置1包括位于底部的锥形收集部11、位于中部垂直段的反应体12和位于上部的尾气出口部13。废液反应装置1通过收集部11连接渣料收集装置;废液反应装置1的尾气出口部13末端通向余热回收装置2,余热回收装置2后依次设置烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置3、烟气脱水装置4和烟气净化装置5。The waste-liquid reaction device 1 includes a conical collecting part 11 located at the bottom, a reaction body 12 located in the vertical section in the middle, and a tail gas outlet part 13 located at the upper part. The waste liquid reaction device 1 is connected to the slag material collection device through the collecting part 11; Gas dehydration device 4 and flue gas purification device 5.

废液进入废液反应装置1,在反应体12内经过反应后,产生的反应产物经余热回收装置2初步降温,进入烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置3进行急冷脱硫,使烟气温度降到规定范围,同时除掉部分细小粉尘,之后流经烟气脱水装置4以脱除烟气中所含的水分,最后经过烟气净化装置5,过滤掉残留的有害成分,达标排放。The waste liquid enters the waste liquid reaction device 1, and after the reaction in the reaction body 12, the generated reaction product is initially cooled by the waste heat recovery device 2, and enters the flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device 3 for quenching and desulfurization, so that the flue gas temperature is reduced to a specified level. At the same time, part of the fine dust is removed, and then it flows through the flue gas dehydration device 4 to remove the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally passes through the flue gas purification device 5 to filter out the residual harmful components and discharge up to the standard.

各个装置的结构及功能具体如下:The structure and function of each device are as follows:

废液反应装置1的内壁面布置有耐火材质内衬。通过在废液反应装置1的内壁面布置耐火材质内衬,利于反应体内部温度均匀,提高反应速率,加强有机废液处理过程稳定性,同时对废液反应系统本身起到一定的保护作用。A refractory lining is arranged on the inner wall surface of the waste liquid reaction device 1 . By arranging a refractory lining on the inner wall surface of the waste liquid reaction device 1, the internal temperature of the reaction body is uniform, the reaction rate is improved, the stability of the organic waste liquid treatment process is enhanced, and at the same time, the waste liquid reaction system itself has a certain protective effect.

废液反应装置1包括位于底部缩口段的收集部11、位于中间中直段的反应体12和位于上部偏心段的尾气出口部13。The waste-liquid reaction device 1 includes a collecting part 11 located in the bottom constriction section, a reaction body 12 located in the middle straight section, and a tail gas outlet part 13 located in the upper eccentric section.

收集部11:Collection Section 11:

在收集部11靠近底部位置处布置有一次风管111。如图2所示,一次风管111呈多层圆环型方式布置,该一次风管111以收集部11的中心平面为分界面,分界面左侧的一次风管111向右偏;分界面右侧的一次风管111竖直向上。A primary air duct 111 is arranged at a position near the bottom of the collecting part 11 . As shown in FIG. 2 , the primary air duct 111 is arranged in a multi-layer annular shape. The primary air duct 111 takes the central plane of the collecting portion 11 as the interface, and the primary air duct 111 on the left side of the interface is offset to the right; the interface The primary air duct 111 on the right side is vertically upward.

这种呈多层圆环型方式布置方式可以使一次风的风速提高,增加一次风的穿透力,加强了旋流反应物的旋流效果,能够与废液更好的混合,有利于燃烧的顺利进行;同时使反应物与壁面充分接触,可有效吸收热量,提高反应速率。This multi-layer annular arrangement can increase the wind speed of the primary air, increase the penetrating power of the primary air, strengthen the swirl effect of the swirl reactant, and can better mix with the waste liquid, which is beneficial to combustion At the same time, the reactants are fully contacted with the wall surface, which can effectively absorb heat and improve the reaction rate.

反应体12:Reactor 12:

中直段的反应体12的横断面相同,且左右对称;The cross section of the reaction body 12 in the middle straight section is the same, and the left and right are symmetrical;

反应体12内布置有稳焰器121。稳焰器121整体呈如图3所示的涡轮型结构,其中部为类椭圆形实心,实心四周为涡轮式通道。稳焰器121由高蓄热、防磨损、耐高温材料制成。稳焰器121中部的类椭圆形实心结构可使初进反应体12的废液液滴迅速蒸发、裂解并达到着火点;稳焰器121四周的涡轮式通道使反应物和通过一次风管111输入的一次风更好的进行混合,提高反应速率,同时利于废液反应的内循环充满整个下部反应体,提高下部反应体的利用率。A flame holder 121 is arranged in the reaction body 12 . The flame stabilizer 121 has a turbine-type structure as a whole as shown in FIG. 3 , the middle of which is an elliptical-like solid, and the surrounding of the solid is a turbine-type channel. The flame stabilizer 121 is made of high heat storage, anti-wear, high temperature resistant materials. The elliptical-like solid structure in the middle of the flame stabilizer 121 can make the waste liquid droplets entering the reaction body 12 quickly evaporate, crack and reach the ignition point; The primary air is mixed better, the reaction rate is increased, and the internal circulation of the waste liquid reaction is beneficial to fill the entire lower reaction body, and the utilization rate of the lower reaction body is improved.

在反应体12上还布置有多个喷液器122,且多个喷液器122的中心线交汇点在稳压器121的中心线偏右布置。喷液器122为废液反应的内循环的形成提供有力条件。喷液器122所喷废液可为同类废液,也可为不会发生化学反应的不同类废液,一般热值低的废液和热值高的废液一起喷入废液反应装置1,这样可以保证低热值废液达到稳定处理和相应的处理温度。由此可见多个喷液器122可实现低热值废液和高热值废液进行混喷,能够提高处理废液的总体热值,增加废液处理的稳定性和高效性。A plurality of liquid sprayers 122 are also arranged on the reaction body 12 , and the intersection point of the center lines of the plurality of liquid sprayers 122 is arranged to the right of the center line of the pressure regulator 121 . The liquid injector 122 provides a powerful condition for the formation of the internal circulation of the waste liquid reaction. The waste liquid sprayed by the liquid sprayer 122 can be the same type of waste liquid, or it can be a different type of waste liquid without chemical reaction. Generally, the waste liquid with low calorific value and the waste liquid with high calorific value are sprayed into the waste liquid reaction device 1 together. , which can ensure that the waste liquid with low calorific value can reach stable treatment and corresponding treatment temperature. It can be seen that the multiple liquid sprayers 122 can realize mixed spraying of low calorific value waste liquid and high calorific value waste liquid, which can improve the overall calorific value of the treated waste liquid, and increase the stability and efficiency of waste liquid treatment.

在反应体12内,顺着有机废液反应流程方向,自下而上交错布置有多级导流拱123,导流拱123可以采用耐高温、高强度耐磨浇筑料整体浇筑而成,且与废液反应装置1的腔体内壁面为一体结构。如图1所示,在反应体12中布置有三级导流拱,即第一级导流拱、第二级导流拱、第三级导流拱;该导流拱123的结构如图4所示,其下表面与水平面夹角为b,该夹角b满足:15°≦b≦65°;其右侧与反应体腔体内壁相接的垂段面的高度为A,左侧自由端为半径为R1的圆弧状,该R1满足:R1=(0.3~0.8)A。In the reaction body 12, along the direction of the reaction process of the organic waste liquid, multi-stage diversion arches 123 are staggered and arranged from bottom to top. It has an integral structure with the inner wall of the cavity of the waste liquid reaction device 1 . As shown in FIG. 1 , three-stage diversion arches are arranged in the reaction body 12 , namely the first-stage diversion arch, the second-stage diversion arch, and the third-stage diversion arch; the structure of the diversion arch 123 is shown in the figure As shown in 4, the angle between the lower surface and the horizontal plane is b, and the angle b satisfies: 15°≦b≦65°; the height of the vertical surface connecting the inner wall of the reaction chamber on the right side is A, and the left side is free The end is in the shape of an arc with a radius R1, and this R1 satisfies: R1=(0.3 to 0.8)A.

布置在废液反应装置1右侧的第一级导流拱所述导流拱123位于所述稳焰器121上方,距离稳焰器121的高度为H1;其自由端端部在废液反应装置1中心线左侧,且离废液反应装置1中心线的距离为L1;该L1、H1满足:-1/4D<L1<1/4D,0.2D<H1<D;其中D为废液反应装置1的反应体12的直径。The first-stage diversion arch arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device 1 The diversion arch 123 is located above the flame stabilizer 121, and the height from the flame stabilizer 121 is H1; its free end is reacted in the waste liquid. The left side of the center line of the device 1, and the distance from the center line of the waste liquid reaction device 1 is L1; the L1 and H1 satisfy: -1/4D<L1<1/4D, 0.2D<H1<D; where D is the waste liquid The diameter of the reaction body 12 of the reaction apparatus 1 .

高度H1一方面保证导流拱下方有足够的空间,满足废液反应需要的空间要求;另一方面,保证导流拱能够对反应有蓄热、供热的功能。高度太低,空间太小,废液反应过程受阻;高度太高,空间太大,不能形成反应需要的温度场、流场,同时导流拱的作用降低,甚至不起作用。On the one hand, the height H1 ensures that there is enough space under the diversion arch to meet the space requirements for the reaction of waste liquid; on the other hand, it ensures that the diversion arch can store and supply heat for the reaction. If the height is too low and the space is too small, the reaction process of waste liquid will be hindered; if the height is too high and the space is too large, the temperature field and flow field required for the reaction cannot be formed, and the effect of the diversion arch is reduced or even ineffective.

L1主要是保证废液反应位置在导流拱的下方,并保证流过导流拱的反应物有合适的速度。L1 is mainly to ensure that the reaction position of the waste liquid is below the diversion arch, and to ensure that the reactants flowing through the diversion arch have a suitable speed.

布置在废液反应装置1左侧的第二级导流拱距离第一级导流拱的高度为H2,其自由端端部与废液反应装置1的中心线重合;该H2满足:H2=0.5~1.5H1,其中H1为第一级导流拱距离稳焰器121的高度。The height of the second-stage guide arch arranged on the left side of the waste liquid reaction device 1 from the first-stage guide arch is H2, and its free end is coincident with the centerline of the waste liquid reaction device 1; this H2 satisfies: H2= 0.5-1.5H1, wherein H1 is the height of the first-stage guide arch from the flame stabilizer 121 .

布置在废液反应装置1右侧的第三级导流拱,距离第一级导流拱的高度为H3,其自由端端部与在废液反应装置1中心线右侧,且离废液反应装置1中心线的距离为L2;该L2、H3满足:-1/4D<L2<1/4D,H3=0.5~1.5H1;其中D为废液反应装置1的反应体12的直径;H1为第一级导流拱距离稳焰器121的高度。The third-stage guide arch is arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device 1, and the height from the first-stage guide arch is H3. The distance between the center line of the reaction device 1 is L2; the L2 and H3 satisfy: -1/4D<L2<1/4D, H3=0.5~1.5H1; D is the diameter of the reaction body 12 of the waste liquid reaction device 1; H1 is the height of the first-stage deflector arch from the flame stabilizer 121 .

上述高度H1-H3主要是为了保证反应需要的空间,有合适的温度场和流场。The above-mentioned heights H1-H3 are mainly to ensure the space required for the reaction and have a suitable temperature field and flow field.

在废弃物处理中,对尾气在高温区停留时间有明确的要求,不少于2S,本申请通过设置导流拱123,能够迫使烟气走S形路径,在同样的高度内,增长了尾气的流程,同样的流速下,增加了停留时间,降低了设备高度。在废液处理量较小时,增加尾气在废液反应装置1内的充满度,更加适应负荷的变化。In waste treatment, there is a clear requirement for the residence time of the exhaust gas in the high temperature area, which is not less than 2S. By setting the guide arch 123 in the present application, the flue gas can be forced to take an S-shaped path, and the exhaust gas can be increased within the same height. Under the same flow rate, the residence time is increased and the equipment height is reduced. When the amount of waste liquid treatment is small, the fullness of the exhaust gas in the waste liquid reaction device 1 is increased to better adapt to the change of load.

另外,本申请将一次风管111左侧向右倾斜,此处一次风向右侧吹,右侧竖直布置,一次风向上吹,使反应物的焚烧主要在右侧进行;配合布置在右侧向上倾斜的第一级导流拱,且将风口部的尾气出口布置在左侧,延长了反应物的焚烧时间;导流拱123有较强的蓄热功能,配合稳焰器121的蓄热功能,加强了废液的焚烧,对废液热值的适应性更广。In addition, in this application, the left side of the primary air duct 111 is inclined to the right, where the primary wind blows to the right, the right side is arranged vertically, and the primary wind blows upward, so that the incineration of the reactants is mainly performed on the right side; The upwardly inclined first-stage diversion arch, and the tail gas outlet of the tuyere is arranged on the left side, which prolongs the incineration time of the reactants; the diversion arch 123 has a strong heat storage function, which cooperates with the heat storage of the flame stabilizer 121 function, strengthens the incineration of waste liquid, and has wider adaptability to the calorific value of waste liquid.

本申请还在第二级导流拱和第三级导流拱的对面反应体12壁上布置有二次风管、三次风管。二次风管的出口中心线与第二级导流拱的上缘在同一高度;三次风管的出口中心线与第三级导流拱的上缘在同一高度。这样布置的优点是:能够使二次风、三次风在左面最小的地方混合,流通截面小,尾气流速高,流速高对尾气的扰动高,使空气与烟气混合更均匀。In the present application, secondary air ducts and tertiary air ducts are also arranged on the walls of the reaction body 12 opposite to the second-stage guide arch and the third-stage guide arch. The outlet centerline of the secondary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the second-stage guide arch; the outlet centerline of the tertiary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the third-stage guide arch. The advantages of this arrangement are: the secondary air and the tertiary air can be mixed in the smallest place on the left, the flow cross section is small, the exhaust gas flow rate is high, the high flow rate has a high disturbance to the exhaust gas, and the air and flue gas are mixed more uniformly.

通过导流拱123迫使尾气在流动方向发生改变后,可以使反应体12内部的成分分布更加均匀,进一步与二次风、三次风发生的反应会更加完全,从而使反应体12尾气中的成分会充分的分解与反应。After the exhaust gas is forced to change in the flow direction through the deflector arch 123, the distribution of the components inside the reaction body 12 can be made more uniform, and the further reaction with the secondary air and the tertiary air will be more complete, so that the components in the exhaust gas of the reaction body 12 will be more complete. It will fully decompose and react.

尾气出口部13:Exhaust gas outlet 13:

尾气出口部13的左侧为向右倾斜的斜面,右侧为竖直面;左侧斜面端部位于反应体12中心线的右侧。通过限制左侧斜面的端部位于反应体中心线的右侧,可以调节尾气转向时的流速,控制流速可以使尾气中的较大、较重的灰尘粒子分离下来。进一步限制左侧斜面端部与反应体12中心线之间的距离为L3,L3≧1/4D,其中的D为反应体12的直径。通过限制L3的尺寸,可以调节尾气转向时的流速,控制流速可以使尾气中的较大、较重的灰尘粒子分离下来。The left side of the exhaust gas outlet portion 13 is a right inclined slope, and the right side is a vertical plane; the end of the left slope is located on the right side of the center line of the reaction body 12 . By restricting the end of the left slope to the right of the centerline of the reaction body, the flow rate of the exhaust gas can be adjusted when turning, and the control of the flow rate can separate the larger and heavier dust particles in the exhaust gas. The distance between the end of the left slope and the center line of the reaction body 12 is further limited to be L3, where L3≧1/4D, where D is the diameter of the reaction body 12 . By limiting the size of L3, the flow rate of the exhaust gas can be adjusted when turning, and the control of the flow rate can separate the larger and heavier dust particles in the exhaust gas.

上述距离L1-L3的设置是为了保证反应物的出口流速。The above distances L1-L3 are set to ensure the outlet flow rate of the reactants.

在整个废液反应装置1内布置有多级温度测点,温度测点和三次(一次风、二次风和三次风)送风量连锁进行耦合控制,即通过温度监测获得下部产物的反应程度,进而根据下部产物的反应程度控制一次风、二次风、三次风输送量,达到整体反应装置的自动控制及废液流量变化时的自适应调节,可有效提高废液输送量波动时处理系统反应时间,提高反应速率,同时使反应进行充分、彻底。Multi-stage temperature measurement points are arranged in the entire waste liquid reaction device 1, and the temperature measurement points and the tertiary (primary air, secondary air and tertiary air) supply air volume are chained for coupling control, that is, the reaction degree of the lower product is obtained through temperature monitoring. , and then control the primary air, secondary air, and tertiary air delivery volume according to the reaction degree of the lower product, so as to achieve the automatic control of the overall reaction device and the adaptive adjustment when the waste liquid flow changes, which can effectively improve the treatment system when the waste liquid delivery volume fluctuates. The reaction time is increased, the reaction rate is increased, and the reaction is carried out fully and thoroughly at the same time.

废液反应装置1的末端依次设有余热回收装置2、烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置3、烟气脱水装置4和烟气净化装置5。The end of the waste liquid reaction device 1 is sequentially provided with a waste heat recovery device 2 , a flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device 3 , a flue gas dehydration device 4 and a flue gas purification device 5 .

空气在余热回收装置2内与废液反应装置1的最终产物进行热量交换,预热后的空气通过一次风管、二次风管和三次风管输送至整个废液反应装置1参与反应。废液反应装置1的最终产物经过余热回收装置2得到初步降温。可见,余热回收装置2的设置使废液反应装置1的最终产物温度降低,同时使一、二、三次风获得热量,温度升高,有效利用能量,有利于系统运行的稳定,提高系统的经济性。The air exchanges heat with the final product of the waste liquid reaction device 1 in the waste heat recovery device 2, and the preheated air is transported to the entire waste liquid reaction device 1 through the primary air duct, the secondary air duct and the tertiary air duct to participate in the reaction. The final product of the waste liquid reaction device 1 is preliminarily cooled through the waste heat recovery device 2 . It can be seen that the setting of the waste heat recovery device 2 reduces the temperature of the final product of the waste liquid reaction device 1, and at the same time enables the primary, secondary and tertiary air to obtain heat, the temperature increases, and the energy is effectively utilized, which is beneficial to the stability of the system operation and improves the economy of the system. sex.

废液反应装置1的最终产物经过余热回收装置2的初步降温,经过烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置3的两级急冷脱硫,使烟气温度降到规定范围,同时除掉部分细小粉尘,之后流经烟气脱水装置4以脱除烟气中所含的水分,最后经过烟气净化装置5,过滤掉残留的有害成分,达标排放。The final product of the waste liquid reaction device 1 is preliminarily cooled by the waste heat recovery device 2, and then passed through the two-stage quenching and desulfurization of the integrated flue gas quenching and desulfurization device 3, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to the specified range, and part of the fine dust is removed at the same time. After passing through the flue gas dehydration device 4 to remove the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally passing through the flue gas purification device 5, the residual harmful components are filtered out and discharged up to the standard.

上述烟气脱水装置4设有前序脱水装置41、末端脱水装置42、在末端脱水装置42底部设的集水槽43。The above-mentioned flue gas dehydration device 4 is provided with a pre-dehydration device 41 , an end dehydration device 42 , and a water collecting tank 43 provided at the bottom of the end dehydration device 42 .

前序脱水装置41中设置多级脱水体(如三级脱水体),含水烟气依次经过前序脱水装置41三级脱水后,凝结的水珠和其余烟气一起进入末端脱水装置42。The pre-dehydration device 41 is provided with a multi-stage dehydration body (such as a tertiary dehydration body). After the water-containing flue gas passes through the pre-dehydration device 41 for tertiary dehydration, the condensed water droplets and the rest of the flue gas enter the end dehydration device 42 together.

末端脱水装置42的壁部均设有脱水材质内衬。末端脱水装置42包括:竖直挡板421、在竖直挡板421一侧的倾斜挡板422和在竖直挡板421另一侧的回流挡板423。倾斜挡板422和回流挡板423形成下端开口的倒V型结构,且其下端开口通向集水槽43;竖直挡板4521和倾斜挡板422构成突缩结构,急剧增加含水烟气流速,使其有利冲击回流挡板;竖直挡板421和回流挡板423构成突扩结构。倾斜挡板422与水平面夹角(如15°~45°)小于回流挡板423与水平面的夹角(如45°~75°);竖直挡板421垂直投影落在倾斜挡板422上,且其底端与倾斜挡板422有间隙;回流挡板423靠近顶端位置开有通向烟气净化装置5的烟气通口。The walls of the terminal dehydration device 42 are all lined with dehydration material. The end dehydration device 42 includes: a vertical baffle 421 , an inclined baffle 422 on one side of the vertical baffle 421 and a return baffle 423 on the other side of the vertical baffle 421 . The inclined baffle 422 and the return baffle 423 form an inverted V-shaped structure with a lower end opening, and the lower end opening leads to the water collecting tank 43; the vertical baffle 4521 and the inclined baffle 422 form a sudden shrinking structure, which sharply increases the flow rate of the water-containing flue gas. Make it favorable to impact the return baffle; the vertical baffle 421 and the return baffle 423 constitute a sudden expansion structure. The angle between the inclined baffle 422 and the horizontal plane (eg, 15° to 45°) is smaller than the angle between the return baffle 423 and the horizontal plane (eg, 45° to 75°); the vertical projection of the vertical baffle 421 falls on the inclined baffle 422, And there is a gap between the bottom end and the inclined baffle plate 422 ; the backflow baffle plate 423 has a flue gas passage leading to the flue gas purification device 5 near the top end.

含水烟气经前序脱水装置51中的多级脱水体进行初步脱水,进入末端脱水装置42;进入末端脱水装置42中的含水烟气,首先进入竖直挡板和倾斜挡板构成的突缩结构,该突扩结构能够急剧增加含水烟气流速,使含水烟气在惯性力作用下有利冲击回流挡板的脱水材质内衬,加强脱水效果;同时竖直挡板和回流挡板构成的突扩结构,急剧降低烟气流速,利于水滴回落,把烟气中夹杂的水滴顺利收集到集水槽43。最后经脱水的烟气经靠近回流挡板顶端的烟气通口进入烟气净化装置5。同时脱水装置5的偏心结构,使含水烟气在惯性力的作用下高效脱除烟气中的水分。The water-containing flue gas is preliminarily dehydrated by the multi-stage dehydration body in the pre-dehydration device 51, and enters the terminal dehydration device 42; The sudden expansion structure can sharply increase the flow rate of the water-containing flue gas, so that the water-containing flue gas can favorably impact the dehydration material lining of the return baffle under the action of inertial force, and enhance the dehydration effect; at the same time, the protrusion formed by the vertical baffle and the return baffle The structure is expanded, and the flow rate of the flue gas is sharply reduced, which is beneficial for the water droplets to fall back, and the water droplets mixed in the flue gas are smoothly collected into the water collecting tank 43 . Finally, the dehydrated flue gas enters the flue gas purification device 5 through the flue gas port near the top of the return baffle. At the same time, the eccentric structure of the dehydration device 5 enables the water-containing flue gas to efficiently remove the moisture in the flue gas under the action of inertial force.

烟气净化装置5可以采用市场上购买的烟气净化装置,也可以在壳体中加入多层耐高温的过滤材料,以过滤经过其的烟气中的有害物。The flue gas purifying device 5 can be a commercially available flue gas purifying device, or a multi-layer high-temperature-resistant filter material can be added to the casing to filter harmful substances in the flue gas passing through it.

上述废液反应装置1的工作原理如下:The working principle of the above-mentioned waste liquid reaction device 1 is as follows:

废液和风进入喷液器122后,废液在喷液器122内部被雾化预混后,经喷液器122的末端喷口进入废液反应装置1。废液在废液反应装置1内部对冲混合,同时与一次风进行充分混合,气液混合物充分利用废液反应装置1的壁面和稳焰器121的热量进行蒸发、裂解燃烧反应,提高了反应速率,同时稳焰器121的设置使废液反应装置内的温度分布更加均匀,也有利于反应的快速进行。反应物经过稳焰器121四周的涡轮式通道再次与一次风混合,且稳焰器121涡轮式通道使左侧反应物通过率高,这样在稳焰器121左下方形成向右的旋流,旋流反应物在到达反应体12底部的一次风管时,在一次风的作用下加强了旋流反应物的旋流效果,这样在整个废液反应装置1的反应体12内形成了废液蒸发、裂解燃烧反应的内循环,提高废液反应速率。废液经反应体12处理后,产物中的渣灰颗粒经渣灰收集装置进行收集;反应体12的反应产物在反应体12内进行彻底处理。反应体12自下而上布置有三级导流拱,同时导流拱的设置使产物与二次风、三次风的混合更加均匀,使反应体内的温度分布更加均匀,有利于提高反应速率,同时增加了产物反应的流程,使其反应更加充分、彻底。After the waste liquid and the wind enter the liquid sprayer 122 , the waste liquid is atomized and premixed in the liquid sprayer 122 , and then enters the waste liquid reaction device 1 through the end nozzle of the liquid sprayer 122 . The waste liquid is hedged and mixed inside the waste liquid reaction device 1, and at the same time, it is fully mixed with the primary air. The gas-liquid mixture fully utilizes the wall surface of the waste liquid reaction device 1 and the heat of the flame stabilizer 121 to carry out evaporation, cracking and combustion reaction, which improves the reaction rate. At the same time, the setting of the flame stabilizer 121 makes the temperature distribution in the waste liquid reaction device more uniform, which is also conducive to the rapid progress of the reaction. The reactant is mixed with the primary air again through the turbine channel around the flame stabilizer 121, and the turbine channel of the flame stabilizer 121 makes the left reactant pass rate high, so that a rightward swirl is formed at the lower left of the flame stabilizer 121, When the swirl reactant reaches the primary air duct at the bottom of the reaction body 12, the swirl effect of the swirl reactant is strengthened under the action of the primary air, so that waste liquid is formed in the reaction body 12 of the entire waste liquid reaction device 1. The internal circulation of evaporation, cracking and combustion reaction improves the reaction rate of waste liquid. After the waste liquid is treated by the reaction body 12 , the slag ash particles in the product are collected by the slag ash collection device; the reaction product of the reaction body 12 is thoroughly treated in the reaction body 12 . The reaction body 12 is arranged with three-stage diversion arches from bottom to top. At the same time, the setting of the diversion arches makes the mixing of the product with the secondary air and tertiary air more uniform, so that the temperature distribution in the reaction body is more uniform, which is beneficial to improve the reaction rate. At the same time, the process of product reaction is increased to make the reaction more sufficient and thorough.

在整个废液反应装置1内布置有多级温度测点,温度测点和三次(一次风、二次风和三次风)送风量连锁进行耦合控制:通过温度监测获得下部产物的反应程度,进而根据下部产物的反应程度控制一次风、二次风、三次风输送量,达到整体反应装置的自动控制及废液流量变化时的自适应调节。Multi-stage temperature measuring points are arranged in the entire waste liquid reaction device 1, and the temperature measuring points and the tertiary (primary air, secondary air and tertiary air) supply air volume are chained for coupling control: the reaction degree of the lower product is obtained through temperature monitoring, Furthermore, the conveying volume of primary air, secondary air and tertiary air is controlled according to the reaction degree of the lower product, so as to achieve automatic control of the overall reaction device and self-adaptive adjustment when the flow rate of waste liquid changes.

产物经反应体12的充分反应后完成降解,最终产物符合国家排放标准。一、二、三次风都是经过预热后的空气。空气在余热回收装置2内与废液反应装置1的最终产物进行热量交换,预热空气输送至整个废液反应装置1参与反应。最终产物经过余热回收装置2的初步降温,经过烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置3的两级急冷脱硫,使烟气温度降到规定范围,同时除掉部分细小粉尘,之后流经烟气脱水装置4,脱除烟气中所含的水分,最后经过烟气净化装置5,过滤掉残留的有害成分,达标排放。After the product is fully reacted by the reactant 12, the degradation is completed, and the final product meets the national emission standard. The primary, secondary and tertiary air are all preheated air. The air exchanges heat with the final product of the waste liquid reaction device 1 in the waste heat recovery device 2, and the preheated air is transported to the entire waste liquid reaction device 1 to participate in the reaction. The final product is initially cooled by the waste heat recovery device 2, and then passed through the two-stage quenching and desulfurization of the integrated flue gas quenching and desulfurization device 3, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to a specified range, and part of the fine dust is removed at the same time, and then flows through the flue gas dehydration device 4. , remove the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally pass through the flue gas purification device 5 to filter out the residual harmful components and discharge them up to the standard.

上述的实验室有机废液处理系统实现模块化结构,集成度高,结构紧凑,布置灵活,占地面积小,处理效率高,有机废液单量处理费用低,可有效处理实验室有机废液。The above-mentioned laboratory organic waste liquid treatment system realizes a modular structure, high integration, compact structure, flexible layout, small footprint, high treatment efficiency, low cost per unit of organic waste liquid treatment, and can effectively treat laboratory organic waste liquid. .

实施例二Embodiment 2

实施例二中,废液反应装置1为如下图5所示的结构,其与实施例1的区别之处有:In the second embodiment, the waste liquid reaction device 1 is the structure shown in the following figure 5, and the difference between it and the embodiment 1 is:

1、设置在收集部11的一次风管111由实施例一中的水平布置的多个风管替换为一个直立风管,该直立风管的四周错落开有出风口,且自下向上出风口的直径依次减小。1. The primary air duct 111 arranged in the collecting part 11 is replaced by a plurality of horizontally arranged air ducts in the first embodiment with an upright air duct, and the upright air duct is staggered around with air outlets, and the air outlets are from bottom to top The diameters decrease successively.

2、多个喷液器122位于收集部11的锥面上,且其中心线交汇点落在稳焰器121中心线的右侧。2. The plurality of liquid sprayers 122 are located on the conical surface of the collecting part 11 , and the intersection point of their center lines falls on the right side of the center line of the flame stabilizer 121 .

实施例二中的其余部分与实施例一相同,这里不再详细描述。The rest of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

实施例三Embodiment 3

实施例三中,废液反应装置1为如下图6所示的结构,其与实施例1的区别之处有:In the third embodiment, the waste liquid reaction device 1 is the structure shown in Figure 6 below, and the difference between it and the embodiment 1 is:

多个一次风管111由设置在收集部11,改变为设置在反应体11上且位于稳焰器122下方,且多个一次风管111中心线在同一水平面。The plurality of primary air ducts 111 are changed from being arranged on the collecting portion 11 to being arranged on the reaction body 11 and below the flame stabilizer 122 , and the centerlines of the plurality of primary air ducts 111 are on the same horizontal plane.

实施例四Embodiment 4

实施例四中,其中的烟气脱水装置4的结构和烟气净化装置5的数量与布置位置与上述实施例一不同,该烟气脱水装置4和烟气净化装置5的组合结构如图7所示,包括:包括集中脱水的前序脱水装置41和具有双脱水结构的末端脱水装置42的烟气脱水装置4,以及,与末端脱水装置42相通且布置在末端脱水装置42两侧的烟气净化装置5。In the fourth embodiment, the structure of the flue gas dehydration device 4 and the number and arrangement of the flue gas purification device 5 are different from those in the above-mentioned first embodiment. The combined structure of the flue gas dehydration device 4 and the flue gas purification device 5 is shown in Figure 7. As shown, it includes: a flue gas dehydration device 4 including a pre-stage dehydration device 41 for centralized dehydration and an end dehydration device 42 with a double dehydration structure, and a flue gas dehydration device that communicates with the end dehydration device 42 and is arranged on both sides of the end dehydration device 42. Air purification device 5.

该烟气脱水装置4依然包括前序脱水装置41、末端脱水装置42以及在末端脱水装置42底部设的集水槽43。The flue gas dehydration device 4 still includes a pre-dehydration device 41 , an end dehydration device 42 and a water collecting tank 43 provided at the bottom of the end dehydration device 42 .

该前序脱水装置41中设置两级脱水体(脱水体采用聚氨酯复合材质),含水烟气依次经过前序脱水装置41的两级脱水后,凝结的水珠和其余烟气一起进入末端脱水装置42。The pre-dehydration device 41 is provided with a two-stage dehydration body (the dehydration body is made of polyurethane composite material). After the water-containing flue gas passes through the two-stage dehydration of the pre-dehydration device 41 in sequence, the condensed water droplets and the rest of the flue gas enter the terminal dehydration device together. 42.

末端脱水装置42为左右对称结构的双脱水结构,其包括竖直挡板421、倾斜挡板422和回流挡板423。其中,竖直挡板421和对称布置在竖直挡板421两侧的倾斜挡板422构成两个突缩结构;两块回流挡板423呈倒V型结构,底端开口并连接集水槽43,两侧的回流挡板423和倾斜挡板422构成左右对称的突扩结构,且两个突扩结构的扩口分别通向布置在末端脱水装置42两侧的烟气净化装置5。The end dehydration device 42 is a double dehydration structure with a left-right symmetrical structure, which includes a vertical baffle 421 , an inclined baffle 422 and a return baffle 423 . Among them, the vertical baffles 421 and the inclined baffles 422 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffles 421 constitute two sudden shrinking structures; the two return baffles 423 are in an inverted V-shaped structure, and the bottom ends are open and connected to the sump 43 The backflow baffles 423 and the inclined baffles 422 on both sides form a left-right symmetrical sudden expansion structure, and the flares of the two sudden expansion structures respectively lead to the flue gas purification device 5 arranged on both sides of the end dehydration device 42 .

竖直挡板421和对称布置在竖直挡板421两侧的倾斜挡板422构成的两个突缩结构能够急剧增加含水烟气流速,使其有利冲击回流挡板423;同时倾斜挡板422和回流挡板423构成的左右对称的突扩结构,急剧降低含水烟气流速,利于水滴回落,把烟气中夹杂的水滴顺利收集到集水槽43;同时末端脱水装置42的左右对称双脱水结构,使含水烟气在长流程、多通道的作用下高效脱除烟气中的水分。The two sudden shrinking structures formed by the vertical baffle 421 and the inclined baffles 422 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffle 421 can sharply increase the flow rate of the water-containing flue gas, making it beneficial to impact the return baffle 423; at the same time, the inclined baffle 422 The left and right symmetrical sudden expansion structure formed with the return baffle 423 sharply reduces the flow rate of the water-containing flue gas, which is conducive to the fall of water droplets, and smoothly collects the water droplets mixed in the flue gas into the water collecting tank 43; at the same time, the left and right symmetrical double dehydration structure of the end dehydration device 42 , so that the water-containing flue gas can efficiently remove the moisture in the flue gas under the action of a long process and multiple channels.

实施例五Embodiment 5

实施例五中,其中的烟气脱水装置4的结构和烟气净化装置5的数量与布置位置与上述实施例四中的不同,该烟气脱水装置4和烟气净化装置5的组合结构如图8所示,包括:In the fifth embodiment, the structure of the flue gas dehydration device 4 and the number and arrangement of the flue gas purification device 5 are different from those in the above-mentioned fourth embodiment. The combined structure of the flue gas dehydration device 4 and the flue gas purification device 5 is as follows: As shown in Figure 8, including:

包括集中脱水的前序脱水装置41和具有双脱水结构的末端脱水装置42的烟气脱水装置4,以及,与末端脱水装置42相通且布置在前序脱水装置41两侧的烟气净化装置5。A flue gas dehydration device 4 including a pre-dehydration device 41 for centralized dehydration and an end dehydration device 42 with a double dehydration structure, and a flue gas purification device 5 communicated with the end dehydration device 42 and arranged on both sides of the pre-dehydration device 41 .

该末端脱水装置42依然包括前序脱水装置41、末端脱水装置42以及在末端脱水装置42底部设的集水槽43。所不同的是末端脱水装置42除了具有实施例四中的左右对称结构的双脱水结构外,还在双脱水结构的两侧分别加设有集聚桶。双脱水结构中的突扩结构的扩口分别通向该集聚桶,并且该集聚桶上部具有开口与烟气净化装置5相通,底部具有开口与集水槽相通。The end dehydration device 42 still includes a pre-dehydration device 41 , an end dehydration device 42 and a water collecting tank 43 provided at the bottom of the end dehydration device 42 . The difference is that, in addition to the double dehydration structure of the left-right symmetrical structure in the fourth embodiment, the terminal dehydration device 42 is also provided with accumulating barrels on both sides of the double dehydration structure. The flared openings of the sudden-expansion structure in the double dehydration structure respectively lead to the collecting bucket, and the collecting bucket has openings on the upper part that communicate with the flue gas purification device 5, and openings on the bottom that communicate with the water collecting tank.

双脱水结构的两侧分别加设的集聚桶能够继续回收在含税烟气进入烟气净化装置5过程中回落的水滴。The accumulating buckets respectively installed on both sides of the double dehydration structure can continue to recover the water droplets that fall back when the tax-containing flue gas enters the flue gas purification device 5 .

虽然上面结合本发明的优选实施例对本发明的原理进行了详细的描述,本领域技术人员应该理解,上述实施例仅仅是对本发明的示意性实现方式的解释,并非对本发明包含范围的限定。实施例中的细节并不构成对本发明范围的限制,在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,任何基于本发明技术方案的等效变换、简单替换等显而易见的改变,均落在本发明保护范围之内。Although the principle of the present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the exemplary implementation of the present invention, rather than limiting the scope of the present invention. The details in the embodiments do not constitute a limitation to the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, any obvious changes such as equivalent transformations and simple replacements based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1.一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其特征在于,所述的实验室有机废液裂解系统包括:1. a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system, is characterized in that, described laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system comprises: 废液反应装置(1),在所述废液反应装置(1)的末端依次设置余热回收装置(2)、烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置(3)、烟气脱水装置(4)和烟气净化装置(5);A waste liquid reaction device (1), a waste heat recovery device (2), a flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device (3), a flue gas dehydration device (4) and a flue gas are sequentially arranged at the end of the waste liquid reaction device (1). Purification device (5); 所述废液反应装置(1)包括位于底部的锥形收集部(11)、位于中部垂直段的反应体(12)和位于上部的尾气出口部(13);所述尾气出口部(13)的左侧为向右倾斜的斜面,右侧为竖直面;左侧斜面的端部位于反应体(12)中心线的右侧;The waste liquid reaction device (1) comprises a conical collecting part (11) located at the bottom, a reaction body (12) located in the vertical section in the middle, and a tail gas outlet part (13) located at the upper part; the tail gas outlet part (13) The left side of is the inclined plane inclined to the right, and the right side is the vertical plane; the end of the left inclined plane is located on the right side of the center line of the reaction body (12); 所述废液反应装置(1)的腔体内布置有稳焰器(121),且其周边设置有风管与所述腔体相通;废液反应装置(1)上设置有能够将废液喷入所述腔体结构内部的多个喷液器(122),且所述喷液器(122)的中心线交汇点在所述稳焰器(121)的中心线偏右;在所述废液反应装置(1)上设置导流拱(123),所述导流拱(123)位于所述稳焰器(121)上方;所述废液反应装置(1)的底部接渣灰收集装置;A flame stabilizer (121) is arranged in the cavity of the waste liquid reaction device (1), and an air duct is arranged around it to communicate with the cavity; the waste liquid reaction device (1) is provided with a device capable of spraying the waste liquid A plurality of liquid sprayers (122) entering the cavity structure, and the intersection point of the center lines of the liquid sprayers (122) is to the right of the center line of the flame stabilizer (121); A diversion arch (123) is arranged on the liquid reaction device (1), and the diversion arch (123) is located above the flame stabilizer (121); the bottom of the waste liquid reaction device (1) is connected to a slag ash collection device ; 废液经喷液器喷入废液反应装置(1)内,经过废液反应装置(1)反应得到反应产物,反应产物进入余热回收装置(2)得以初步降温后,进入烟气急冷脱硫一体化装置(3)进行急冷脱硫,之后流经烟气脱水装置(4)脱除烟气中所含的水分,最后经过烟气净化装置(5)过滤掉残留的有害成分。The waste liquid is sprayed into the waste liquid reaction device (1) through the liquid sprayer, and the reaction product is obtained through the reaction of the waste liquid reaction device (1). The chemical device (3) is quenched and desulfurized, and then flows through the flue gas dehydration device (4) to remove the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally passes through the flue gas purification device (5) to filter out residual harmful components. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其特征在于,2. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 所述稳焰器(121)整体呈涡轮型结构,其中部为类椭圆形实心,实心四周为涡轮式通道。The flame stabilizer (121) has a turbine-type structure as a whole, and the middle part thereof is an elliptical-like solid, and the periphery of the solid body is a turbine-type channel. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其特征在于,3. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, 在所述收集部(11)上布置有多个一次风管(111);所述一次风管(111)按照多层圆环型方式布置,其以所述反应体(12)的中心平面为分界面,分界面左侧的一次风管(111)向右偏;分界面右侧的一次风管(111)竖直向上;A plurality of primary air ducts (111) are arranged on the collecting part (11); the primary air ducts (111) are arranged in a multi-layer annular manner, and the center plane of the reaction body (12) is In the interface, the primary air duct (111) on the left side of the interface is offset to the right; the primary air duct (111) on the right side of the interface is vertically upward; 或者,or, 在所述收集部(11)上布置有一次风管(111);所述一次风管(111)为直立风管,该直立风管的四周错落开有出风口,且自下向上出风口的直径依次减小;A primary air duct (111) is arranged on the collection part (11); the primary air duct (111) is an upright air duct, and air outlets are staggered around the upright air duct, and the air outlets are arranged from bottom to top. diameter decreases in turn; 或者,or, 在所述反应体(12)上布置有多个一次风管(111),所述一次风管(111)的中心线位于同一水平面,且位于稳焰器(121)的下方。A plurality of primary air ducts (111) are arranged on the reaction body (12), and the centerlines of the primary air ducts (111) are located on the same horizontal plane and below the flame stabilizer (121). 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其特征在于,4. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 所述多个喷液器(122)布置在所述反应体(12)上;the plurality of liquid sprayers (122) are arranged on the reaction body (12); 或者,or, 所述多个喷液器(122)布置在所述收集部(11)的锥面上。The plurality of liquid sprayers (122) are arranged on the conical surface of the collecting part (11). 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其特征在于,5. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 在所述反应体(12)内,顺着有机废液反应流程方向,自下而上交错布置多级导流拱(123)。In the reaction body (12), multi-stage guide arches (123) are staggeredly arranged from bottom to top along the direction of the reaction flow of the organic waste liquid. 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其特征在于,6. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, 所述导流拱(123)的下表面与水平面夹角为b,该夹角b满足:15°≦b≦65°;其右侧与反应体腔体内壁相接的垂段面的高度为A,左侧自由端为半径为R1的圆弧状,该R1满足:R1=(0.3~0.8)A。The included angle between the lower surface of the guide arch (123) and the horizontal plane is b, and the included angle b satisfies: 15°≦b≦65°; the height of the vertical surface on the right side of the guide arch (123) that is in contact with the inner wall of the reaction chamber is A , the left free end is an arc shape with a radius of R1, and this R1 satisfies: R1=(0.3~0.8)A. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其特征在于,7. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, 布置在废液反应装置(1)右侧的第一级导流拱距离稳焰器(121)的高度为H1;其自由端端部在废液反应装置(1)中心线左侧,该H1满足:0.2D<H1<D;其中D为所述反应体(12)的直径;The height of the first-stage guide arch arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device (1) from the flame stabilizer (121) is H1; its free end is on the left side of the centerline of the waste liquid reaction device (1). Satisfaction: 0.2D<H1<D; wherein D is the diameter of the reaction body (12); 布置在废液反应装置(1)左侧的第二级导流拱距离第一级导流拱的高度为H2,其自由端端部与废液反应装置(1)的中心线重合;该H2满足:H2=0.5~1.5H1,其中H1为第一级导流拱距离稳焰器(121)的高度;The height of the second-stage diversion arch arranged on the left side of the waste liquid reaction device (1) from the first-stage diversion arch is H2, and its free end is coincident with the centerline of the waste liquid reaction device (1); this H2 Satisfaction: H2=0.5~1.5H1, wherein H1 is the height of the first-stage guide arch from the flame stabilizer (121); 布置在废液反应装置(1)右侧的第三级导流拱,距离第一级导流拱的高度为H3,其自由端端部与在废液反应装置(1)中心线右侧;所述H3满足:H3=0.5~1.5H1;H1为第一级导流拱距离稳焰器(121)的高度。The third-stage guide arch is arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device (1), and the height from the first-stage guide arch is H3, and its free end is on the right side of the center line of the waste liquid reaction device (1); The H3 satisfies: H3=0.5-1.5H1; H1 is the height of the first-stage guide arch from the flame stabilizer (121). 8.根据权利要求7所述的一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其特征在于,8. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, 在所述第二级导流拱的对面反应体(12)壁上布置有二次风管;所述二次风管的出口中心线与第二级导流拱的上缘在同一高度;A secondary air duct is arranged on the wall of the opposite reaction body (12) of the second-stage diversion arch; the outlet centerline of the secondary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the second-stage diversion arch; 在所述第三级导流拱的对面反应体(12)壁上布置有三次风管;所述三次风管的出口中心线与第三级导流拱的上缘在同一高度。A tertiary air duct is arranged on the wall of the reaction body (12) opposite to the third-stage diversion arch; the outlet centerline of the tertiary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the third-stage diversion arch. 9.根据权利要求1所述的一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其特征在于,所述烟气脱水装置(4)包括:9. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described flue gas dehydration device (4) comprises: 前序脱水装置(41)、末端脱水装置(42)、在末端脱水装置(42)底部设的集水槽(43);a pre-sequence dehydration device (41), an end dehydration device (42), and a water collecting tank (43) provided at the bottom of the end dehydration device (42); 所述前序脱水装置(41)中设置多级脱水体,含水烟气依次经过前序脱水装置(41)脱水后,凝结的水珠和其余烟气一起进入末端脱水装置(42),经末端脱水装置(42)冲击后回落的水滴汇集到集水槽(43)中。A multi-stage dehydration body is arranged in the pre-dehydration device (41), and after the water-containing flue gas is dehydrated through the pre-dehydration device (41) in sequence, the condensed water droplets and the rest of the flue gas enter the terminal dehydration device (42), and pass through the end of the dehydration device (42). The water droplets falling back after the impact of the dewatering device (42) are collected into the water collecting tank (43). 10.根据权利要求9所述的一种实验室有机废液裂解系统,其特征在于,10. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 9, is characterized in that, 所述末端脱水装置(42)包括:竖直挡板(421)、在竖直挡板(421)一侧的倾斜挡板(422)和在竖直挡板(421)另一侧的回流挡板(423);所述倾斜挡板(422)和回流挡板(423)形成下端开口的倒V型结构,且其下端开口通向集水槽(43);倾斜挡板(422)与水平面夹角小于回流挡板(423)与水平面的夹角;竖直挡板(421)与倾斜挡板(422)构成突缩结构,竖直挡板(421)与回流挡板(423)构成突扩结构;竖直挡板(421)垂直投影落在倾斜挡板(422)上,且其底端与倾斜挡板(422)有间隙;回流挡板(423)靠近顶端位置开有通向烟气净化装置(5)的烟气通口;The end dehydration device (42) comprises: a vertical baffle (421), an inclined baffle (422) on one side of the vertical baffle (421) and a backflow baffle on the other side of the vertical baffle (421) plate (423); the inclined baffle (422) and the return baffle (423) form an inverted V-shaped structure with an opening at the lower end, and the opening at the lower end thereof leads to the sump (43); the inclined baffle (422) is clamped with the horizontal plane The angle is smaller than the angle between the return baffle (423) and the horizontal plane; the vertical baffle (421) and the inclined baffle (422) form a sudden contraction structure, and the vertical baffle (421) and the return baffle (423) form a sudden expansion structure; the vertical projection of the vertical baffle (421) falls on the inclined baffle (422), and there is a gap between the bottom end of the vertical baffle (422) and the inclined baffle (422); the flue gas port of the purification device (5); 或者,or, 所述末端脱水装置(42)为左右对称结构的双脱水结构,其包括竖直挡板(421)、倾斜挡板(422)和回流挡板(423);所述竖直挡板(421)和对称布置在竖直挡板(421)两侧的倾斜挡板(422)构成两个突缩结构;两块回流挡板(423)呈倒V型结构,底端开口并连接集水槽(43),两侧的回流挡板(423)和倾斜挡板(422)构成左右对称的突扩结构,且两个突扩结构的扩口分别通向布置在末端脱水装置(42)两侧的烟气净化装置(5);The terminal dehydration device (42) is a double dehydration structure with a left-right symmetrical structure, which includes a vertical baffle (421), an inclined baffle (422) and a return baffle (423); the vertical baffle (421) and the inclined baffles (422) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffles (421) to form two sudden shrinking structures; the two return baffles (423) are in an inverted V-shaped structure, and the bottom ends are open and connected to the sump (43). ), the backflow baffles (423) and the inclined baffles (422) on both sides form a left-right symmetrical sudden expansion structure, and the flares of the two sudden expansion structures respectively lead to the smoke pipes arranged on both sides of the end dehydration device (42). Air purification device (5); 或者,or, 所述末端脱水装置(42)包括左右对称结构的双脱水结构,以及在双脱水结构的两侧分别加设有集聚桶;所述双脱水结构包括竖直挡板(421)、倾斜挡板(422)和回流挡板(423);所述竖直挡板(421)和对称布置在竖直挡板(421)两侧的倾斜挡板(422)构成两个突缩结构;两块回流挡板(423)呈倒V型结构,底端开口并连接集水槽(43),两侧的回流挡板(423)和倾斜挡板(422)构成左右对称的突扩结构;所述突扩结构的扩口分别通向该集聚桶,并且该集聚桶上部具有开口与烟气净化装置(5)相通,底部具有开口与集水槽相通。The terminal dehydration device (42) includes a double dehydration structure with a left-right symmetrical structure, and accumulation buckets are respectively provided on both sides of the double dehydration structure; the double dehydration structure includes a vertical baffle (421), an inclined baffle ( 422) and a return baffle (423); the vertical baffle (421) and the inclined baffles (422) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffle (421) constitute two sudden shrinking structures; two return baffles The plate (423) has an inverted V-shaped structure, the bottom end is open and is connected to the water collecting tank (43), and the backflow baffles (423) and the inclined baffles (422) on both sides form a left-right symmetrical sudden expansion structure; the sudden expansion structure The flaring openings of the collecting barrels respectively lead to the collecting barrels, and the collecting barrels have openings on the upper part that communicate with the flue gas purification device (5), and openings on the bottom that communicate with the water collecting tank.
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