CN114291860A - Organic waste liquid schizolysis system in laboratory - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system, wherein a flame stabilizer (112) is distributed in a waste liquid reaction device (1), and an air pipe is arranged at the periphery of the flame stabilizer; a liquid sprayer is arranged on the waste liquid reaction device (1); and the intersection point of the central lines of the liquid sprayers is deviated to the right of the central line of the flame stabilizer; arranging a flow guiding arch (123), wherein the flow guiding arch (123) is positioned above the flame holder (121); the waste liquid sprayed into the waste liquid reaction device (1) through the liquid sprayer, the reaction product obtained through the reaction enters the waste heat recovery device (2) for preliminary cooling, then enters the flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device (3) for quenching desulfurization, then flows through the flue gas dehydration device (4) to remove the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally, the residual harmful components are filtered through the flue gas purification device (5). The invention can ensure the requirements of the reaction of the initial waste liquid on the space section and the requirements of the subsequent reaction on the temperature.

Description

A laboratory organic waste liquid pyrolysis system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic waste liquid experimental equipment, and relates to a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system.

Background technique

With the rapid development of science and technology in my country, the laboratories of universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises have been continuously expanded, and the types, quantity and scale of laboratories have also continued to grow, followed by the pollution caused by laboratory waste. Laboratory waste mainly includes: solid waste, waste liquid, waste gas, and biological pollutants such as viruses and pathogenic bacteria. University laboratory waste is highly toxic and hazardous, but the environmental protection department has not included it in the environmental protection testing items. Even if it is included, it is difficult to detect due to its small amount and easy dilution by domestic sewage.

The laboratory waste liquid mainly comes from the laboratory laboratories of various scientific research units and the scientific research and teaching laboratories of colleges and universities. Laboratory waste liquid has its own special properties: small amount, strong discontinuity, high hazard, and complex and changeable composition. According to the nature of the main pollutants contained in the waste liquid, it can be divided into two categories: laboratory organic waste liquid and inorganic waste liquid. Inorganic waste liquid mainly contains heavy metals, heavy metal complexes, acids and bases, cyanides, sulfides, halogen ions and other inorganic ions. The organic waste liquid contains commonly used organic solvents, organic acids, ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, organophosphorus compounds, phenols, petroleum and grease substances. In comparison, organic waste liquid has a wider range of pollution and more serious harm than inorganic waste liquid. Different waste liquids have different pollutant compositions and different treatment methods and effects. The treatment of laboratory waste liquid is based on the principles of classified collection, local and timely in-situ treatment, simple operation, waste treatment and cost reduction.

At present, the general way to deal with laboratory organic waste liquid is to collect it centrally, and then transport it to a treatment institution for treatment. This method of waste disposal is not timely, and there are potential safety hazards such as leakage, and professional treatment companies target various organic waste liquids with different compositions. The processing process is cumbersome and the cost is high.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a laboratory waste liquid reaction system that can treat laboratory organic waste liquid in real time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the shortcomings of the prior art such as untimely disposal of waste, potential safety hazards such as leakage, and high processing cost, the present invention provides a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system, which can effectively treat laboratory organic waste on site The organic waste liquid after treatment meets the national discharge standard; and the invention has high treatment efficiency and low waste treatment cost per unit amount.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system, which comprises:

A waste liquid reaction device, a waste heat recovery device, a flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device, a flue gas dehydration device and a flue gas purification device are sequentially arranged at the end of the waste liquid reaction device;

The waste liquid reaction device includes a conical collecting part located at the bottom, a reaction body located in the vertical section in the middle, and a tail gas outlet part located at the upper part; the left side of the tail gas outlet part is a slope inclined to the right, and the right side is vertical face; the end of the left slope is located on the right side of the centerline of the reaction body;

A flame stabilizer is arranged in the cavity of the waste liquid reaction device, and an air pipe is arranged around it to communicate with the cavity body; There are two liquid injectors, and the intersection point of the center lines of the liquid injectors is to the right of the center line of the flame stabilizer; a diversion arch is arranged on the waste liquid reaction device, and the diversion arch is located in the stable Above the flame; the bottom of the waste liquid reaction device is connected to a slag ash collection device;

The waste liquid is sprayed into the waste liquid reaction device through the liquid sprayer, and the reaction product is obtained through the reaction of the waste liquid reaction device. The flue gas dehydration device removes the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally the residual harmful components are filtered out by the flue gas purification device.

More preferably, the flame stabilizer has a turbine-type structure as a whole, the middle of which is an elliptical-like solid, and the solid periphery is a turbine-type channel.

More preferably, a plurality of primary air ducts are arranged on the collection part; the primary air ducts are arranged in a multi-layer annular manner, and the central plane of the reaction body is used as an interface, and the left side of the interface is The primary air duct is deviated to the right; the primary air duct on the right side of the interface is vertically upward;

or,

A primary air duct is arranged on the collection part; the primary air duct is an upright air duct, and air outlets are staggered around the upright air duct, and the diameters of the air outlets decrease sequentially from bottom to top;

or,

A plurality of primary air ducts are arranged on the reaction body, and the centerlines of the primary air ducts are located on the same horizontal plane and below the flame stabilizer.

More preferably, the plurality of liquid sprayers are arranged on the reaction body; or, the plurality of liquid sprayers are arranged on the conical surface of the collecting part.

More preferably, in the reaction body, along the direction of the reaction flow of the organic waste liquid, multi-stage diversion arches are staggered and arranged from bottom to top.

More preferably, the included angle between the lower surface of the guide arch and the horizontal plane is b, and the included angle b satisfies: 15°≦b≦65°; A, the left free end is in the shape of an arc with a radius R1, and this R1 satisfies: R1=(0.3～0.8)A.

More preferably, the height of the first-stage guide arch arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device from the flame stabilizer is H1; its free end is on the left side of the center line of the waste liquid reaction device, and this H1 satisfies: 0.2D< H1<D; wherein D is the diameter of the reaction body;

The height of the second-stage diversion arch arranged on the left side of the waste liquid reaction device from the first-stage diversion arch is H2, and its free end is coincident with the centerline of the waste liquid reaction device; this H2 satisfies: H2=0.5～ 1.5H1, where H1 is the height of the first-stage deflector arch from the flame stabilizer;

The third-stage guide arch arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device, the height from the first-stage guide arch is H3, and its free end is on the right side of the center line of the waste liquid reaction device; the H3 satisfies: H3 =0.5～1.5H1; H1 is the height of the first-stage guide arch from the flame stabilizer.

More preferably, a secondary air duct is arranged on the wall of the reaction body opposite to the second-stage diversion arch; the outlet centerline of the secondary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the second-stage diversion arch;

A tertiary air duct is arranged on the wall of the reaction body opposite to the third-stage diversion arch; the outlet centerline of the tertiary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the third-stage diversion arch.

More preferably, the flue gas dehydration device includes:

Preliminary dehydration device, terminal dehydration device, and a sump set at the bottom of the end dehydration device;

The pre-dehydration device is equipped with a multi-stage dehydrator. After the water-containing flue gas is dehydrated through the pre-dehydration device in sequence, the condensed water droplets and the rest of the flue gas enter the end dehydration device together, and the water droplets that fall back after being impacted by the end dehydration device are collected. in the sump.

More preferably, the terminal dehydration device includes: a vertical baffle, an inclined baffle on one side of the vertical baffle and a return baffle on the other side of the vertical baffle; the inclined baffle and the return baffle An inverted V-shaped structure with an opening at the lower end is formed, and the opening at the lower end leads to the water collecting tank; the angle between the inclined baffle and the horizontal plane is smaller than the angle between the return baffle and the horizontal plane; the vertical baffle and the inclined baffle form a sudden shrinking structure, the vertical The baffle and the return baffle form a sudden expansion structure; the vertical projection of the vertical baffle falls on the inclined baffle, and there is a gap between the bottom end of the baffle and the inclined baffle; the return baffle is close to the top with a channel leading to the flue gas purification device. flue gas vent;

or,

The end dehydration device is a double dehydration structure with a left-right symmetrical structure, which includes a vertical baffle, an inclined baffle and a return baffle; the vertical baffle and the inclined baffles symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffle are formed. Two sudden shrinking structures; the two return baffles are inverted V-shaped structures, the bottom ends are open and connected to the water collection tank, the return baffles and inclined baffles on both sides form a left-right symmetrical sudden expansion structure, and the two sudden expansion structures are The flared openings respectively lead to the flue gas purification devices arranged on both sides of the terminal dehydration device;

or,

The terminal dehydration device includes a double dehydration structure with a left-right symmetrical structure, and a collection bucket is respectively added on both sides of the double dehydration structure; the double dehydration structure includes a vertical baffle, an inclined baffle and a return baffle; the The vertical baffle and the inclined baffles symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffle form two sudden shrinking structures; the two return baffles are in an inverted V-shaped structure, the bottom end is open and connected to the water collection tank, and the return baffles on both sides are and the inclined baffle to form a left-right symmetrical protruding expansion structure; the flared openings of the protruding expansion structure respectively lead to the collecting barrel, and the upper part of the collecting barrel has an opening to communicate with the flue gas purification device, and the bottom has an opening to communicate with the water collecting tank.

As can be seen from the above technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The waste liquid reaction device in the present invention comprises a conical collecting part located at the bottom, a reaction body located in the vertical section of the middle part and a tail gas outlet part located at the upper part; the left side of the tail gas outlet part is a slope inclined to the right, and the right side is Vertical plane; the end of the left inclined plane is to the right of the centerline of the reaction body. In the present application, by limiting the end of the left slope to the right side of the centerline of the reaction body, the flow rate of the exhaust gas can be adjusted when turning, and controlling the flow rate can separate larger and heavier dust particles in the exhaust gas.

2. A flame stabilizer is arranged in the waste liquid reaction device, and an air duct is arranged around it to communicate with the cavity of the waste liquid reaction device; the waste liquid reaction device is provided with a plurality of devices that can spray the waste liquid into the cavity structure. A liquid sprayer, and the intersection point of the center line of the liquid sprayer is to the right of the centerline of the flame stabilizer; a diversion arch is arranged on the waste liquid reaction device, and the diversion arch is located above the flame stabilizer. By setting the deflector arch, the flue gas can be forced to take an S-shaped path, and within the same height, the flow of the exhaust gas is increased. Under the same flow rate, the residence time is increased and the equipment height is reduced. When the amount of waste liquid treatment is small, the fullness of the tail gas in the waste liquid reaction device is increased to better adapt to the change of load.

3. The present invention arranges a refractory lining on the inner wall surface of the waste liquid reaction device, which is beneficial to the uniformity of the internal temperature of the reaction device, improves the reaction rate, strengthens the stability of the organic waste liquid treatment process, and at the same time has a certain protective effect on the reaction device itself. .

4. In the present application, a primary air duct is arranged at a position close to the bottom of the collection part of the waste liquid reaction device. The primary air duct is arranged in a multi-layered ring shape. The primary air duct takes the central plane of the collecting part as the interface, and the primary air duct on the left side of the interface is offset to the right; the primary air duct on the right side of the interface is vertically upward. This multi-layer annular arrangement can increase the wind speed of the primary air, increase the penetrating power of the primary air, strengthen the swirl effect of the swirl reactant, and can better mix with the waste liquid, which is beneficial to combustion At the same time, the reactants are fully contacted with the wall surface, which can effectively absorb heat and improve the reaction rate.

5. The flame stabilizer in the present invention is a turbine type flame stabilizer, the middle of which is an elliptical solid, and the solid periphery is a turbine type channel; the flame stabilizer is made of high heat storage, anti-wear and high temperature resistant materials. The elliptical solid configuration in the middle of the flame stabilizer can make the waste liquid droplets entering the lower reaction body quickly evaporate, crack and reach the ignition point; the turbine-type channels around the flame stabilizer make the reactants and the primary air better mix, improve the At the same time, it is conducive to the internal circulation of the waste liquid reaction to fill the entire lower reactor, and the utilization rate of the lower reactor is improved.

6. A plurality of liquid sprayers are arranged on the conical surface of the upper constricted section of the lower reaction body in the present invention, and the multiple sprayers can realize the mixed spraying of low-calorific value waste liquid and high-calorific value waste liquid, and improve the overall heat treatment of waste liquid. value, increase the stability and efficiency of waste liquid treatment; the design of the included angle of the liquid ejector provides powerful conditions for the formation of the internal circulation of the waste liquid reaction. The intersection point of the center lines of the left and right conical liquid ejectors is to the right in the middle of the flame stabilizer, which ensures that the center line intersection of the liquid ejector is on the right side of the center line of the reaction device. In this way, the confluence position of waste liquid and air can be located on the right side of the reaction device, and the reaction position of waste liquid is located below the lowermost guide arch, away from the outlet of the guide arch; and the primary air duct provides the air required for the reaction of waste liquid, The heat accumulated by the flame stabilizer and the guide arch provides the temperature required for the reaction, which ensures the smooth progress of the reaction of the waste liquid, and is more suitable for different components and types of waste liquid.

7. In the reaction body of this application, along the direction of the organic waste liquid reaction process, the multi-level diversion arches are staggered from bottom to top, and secondary air ducts and tertiary air ducts are arranged on the wall of the reaction body opposite the diversion arches. ; After the exhaust gas is forced to change in the flow direction through the diversion arch, the distribution of components inside the reactor can be more uniform, and the further reaction with the secondary air and tertiary air will be more complete, so that the components in the exhaust gas of the reactant will be sufficient. decomposition and reaction.

8. In this application, the centerline of the outlet of the secondary air duct and the tertiary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the corresponding guide arch. Such a structure can ensure that the secondary air and tertiary air are mixed in the smallest place on the left, with a small flow cross-section, high exhaust gas flow rate, and high flow rate disturbance to the exhaust gas, making the air and flue gas mix more uniformly.

9. In this application, the left side of the primary air duct arranged in the collection part is inclined to the right, where the primary wind blows to the right, the right side is arranged vertically, and the primary wind blows upward, so that the incineration of the reactants is mainly carried out on the right side; The first-stage deflector arch is arranged on the right side and is inclined upward, and the exhaust gas outlet of the tuyere is arranged on the left side, which prolongs the incineration time of the reactants; The heat storage function strengthens the incineration of waste liquid and has wider adaptability to the calorific value of waste liquid.

10. Multi-stage temperature measurement points are arranged in the entire waste liquid reaction device, and the temperature measurement points are linked with three air supply devices for coupling control. The reaction degree of the lower product is obtained by temperature monitoring, and then the conveying volume of primary air, secondary air and tertiary air is controlled to achieve the automatic control of the overall reaction device and the adaptive adjustment when the waste liquid flow rate changes, which can effectively improve the fluctuation of waste liquid conveying volume. Timely treatment system reaction time, improve reaction rate, and at the same time make the reaction proceed fully and thoroughly.

11. The flue gas dehydration device in the present invention is provided with a multi-stage dehydration device and an end dehydration device. The bottom of the end dehydration device is provided with a water collecting tank, and the wall surface of the end dehydration device is provided with an inner lining of dehydration material. The flue gas passes through the multi-stage dehydration device. The condensed water droplets and the rest of the flue gas enter the terminal dehydration device together; the middle of the terminal dehydration device is provided with a vertical baffle, and the angle between the inclined baffle and the horizontal plane is smaller than the angle between the return baffle and the horizontal plane; the vertical baffle and the inclined baffle The plate forms a sudden contraction structure, and the vertical baffle and the return baffle form a sudden expansion structure; the vertical projection of the vertical baffle falls on the inclined baffle; the mixture of flue gas and water droplets flows through the inclined baffle to the return baffle. Under the action of inertial force, the mixture will wash the inner lining of the dehydration material on the left slope surface, strengthen the dehydration effect, and at the same time smoothly collect the water droplets mixed in the flue gas into the water collecting tank.

12. The on-site real-time treatment system for laboratory organic waste liquid realizes a modular structure, with high integration, compact structure, flexible layout, small footprint, high treatment efficiency, and low single-volume treatment cost of organic waste liquid, which can effectively treat the laboratory. organic waste.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a primary air duct in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of the flame stabilizer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a diversion arch in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the waste liquid reaction device in the second embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste liquid reaction device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the flue gas dehydration device and the flue gas purification device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the flue gas dehydration device and the flue gas purification device in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Reference number:

Waste liquid reaction device 1, waste heat recovery device 2, integrated flue gas quenching and desulfurization device 3, flue gas dehydration device 4, flue gas purification device 5; collection part 11, reaction body 12, exhaust gas outlet part 13; primary air duct 111, The flame stabilizer 121 , the liquid sprayer 122 , the diversion arch 123 ;

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

The azimuth or positional relationship terms such as up, down, left, right, inner, outer, front, rear, head, and tail in this application document are established based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. If the drawings are different, the corresponding positional relationship may also change accordingly, so this should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope.

In the present invention, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection Connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or mutual communication, direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, internal communication between two components, or two components interaction relationship. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

Example 1:

The present invention provides a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 1 , including: a waste liquid reaction device 1, a waste heat recovery device 2, a flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device 3, and a flue gas dehydration device 4 , Flue gas purification device 5.

The waste-liquid reaction device 1 includes a conical collecting part 11 located at the bottom, a reaction body 12 located in the vertical section in the middle, and a tail gas outlet part 13 located at the upper part. The waste liquid reaction device 1 is connected to the slag material collection device through the collecting part 11; Gas dehydration device 4 and flue gas purification device 5.

The waste liquid enters the waste liquid reaction device 1, and after the reaction in the reaction body 12, the generated reaction product is initially cooled by the waste heat recovery device 2, and enters the flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device 3 for quenching and desulfurization, so that the flue gas temperature is reduced to a specified level. At the same time, part of the fine dust is removed, and then it flows through the flue gas dehydration device 4 to remove the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally passes through the flue gas purification device 5 to filter out the residual harmful components and discharge up to the standard.

The structure and function of each device are as follows:

A refractory lining is arranged on the inner wall surface of the waste liquid reaction device 1 . By arranging a refractory lining on the inner wall surface of the waste liquid reaction device 1, the internal temperature of the reaction body is uniform, the reaction rate is improved, the stability of the organic waste liquid treatment process is enhanced, and at the same time, the waste liquid reaction system itself has a certain protective effect.

The waste-liquid reaction device 1 includes a collecting part 11 located in the bottom constriction section, a reaction body 12 located in the middle straight section, and a tail gas outlet part 13 located in the upper eccentric section.

Collection Section 11:

A primary air duct 111 is arranged at a position near the bottom of the collecting part 11 . As shown in FIG. 2 , the primary air duct 111 is arranged in a multi-layer annular shape. The primary air duct 111 takes the central plane of the collecting portion 11 as the interface, and the primary air duct 111 on the left side of the interface is offset to the right; the interface The primary air duct 111 on the right side is vertically upward.

This multi-layer annular arrangement can increase the wind speed of the primary air, increase the penetrating power of the primary air, strengthen the swirl effect of the swirl reactant, and can better mix with the waste liquid, which is beneficial to combustion At the same time, the reactants are fully contacted with the wall surface, which can effectively absorb heat and improve the reaction rate.

Reactor 12:

The cross section of the reaction body 12 in the middle straight section is the same, and the left and right are symmetrical;

A flame holder 121 is arranged in the reaction body 12 . The flame stabilizer 121 has a turbine-type structure as a whole as shown in FIG. 3 , the middle of which is an elliptical-like solid, and the surrounding of the solid is a turbine-type channel. The flame stabilizer 121 is made of high heat storage, anti-wear, high temperature resistant materials. The elliptical-like solid structure in the middle of the flame stabilizer 121 can make the waste liquid droplets entering the reaction body 12 quickly evaporate, crack and reach the ignition point; The primary air is mixed better, the reaction rate is increased, and the internal circulation of the waste liquid reaction is beneficial to fill the entire lower reaction body, and the utilization rate of the lower reaction body is improved.

A plurality of liquid sprayers 122 are also arranged on the reaction body 12 , and the intersection point of the center lines of the plurality of liquid sprayers 122 is arranged to the right of the center line of the pressure regulator 121 . The liquid injector 122 provides a powerful condition for the formation of the internal circulation of the waste liquid reaction. The waste liquid sprayed by the liquid sprayer 122 can be the same type of waste liquid, or it can be a different type of waste liquid without chemical reaction. Generally, the waste liquid with low calorific value and the waste liquid with high calorific value are sprayed into the waste liquid reaction device 1 together. , which can ensure that the waste liquid with low calorific value can reach stable treatment and corresponding treatment temperature. It can be seen that the multiple liquid sprayers 122 can realize mixed spraying of low calorific value waste liquid and high calorific value waste liquid, which can improve the overall calorific value of the treated waste liquid, and increase the stability and efficiency of waste liquid treatment.

In the reaction body 12, along the direction of the reaction process of the organic waste liquid, multi-stage diversion arches 123 are staggered and arranged from bottom to top. It has an integral structure with the inner wall of the cavity of the waste liquid reaction device 1 . As shown in FIG. 1 , three-stage diversion arches are arranged in the reaction body 12 , namely the first-stage diversion arch, the second-stage diversion arch, and the third-stage diversion arch; the structure of the diversion arch 123 is shown in the figure As shown in 4, the angle between the lower surface and the horizontal plane is b, and the angle b satisfies: 15°≦b≦65°; the height of the vertical surface connecting the inner wall of the reaction chamber on the right side is A, and the left side is free The end is in the shape of an arc with a radius R1, and this R1 satisfies: R1=(0.3 to 0.8)A.

The first-stage diversion arch arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device 1 The diversion arch 123 is located above the flame stabilizer 121, and the height from the flame stabilizer 121 is H1; its free end is reacted in the waste liquid. The left side of the center line of the device 1, and the distance from the center line of the waste liquid reaction device 1 is L1; the L1 and H1 satisfy: -1/4D<L1<1/4D, 0.2D<H1<D; where D is the waste liquid The diameter of the reaction body 12 of the reaction apparatus 1 .

On the one hand, the height H1 ensures that there is enough space under the diversion arch to meet the space requirements for the reaction of waste liquid; on the other hand, it ensures that the diversion arch can store and supply heat for the reaction. If the height is too low and the space is too small, the reaction process of waste liquid will be hindered; if the height is too high and the space is too large, the temperature field and flow field required for the reaction cannot be formed, and the effect of the diversion arch is reduced or even ineffective.

L1 is mainly to ensure that the reaction position of the waste liquid is below the diversion arch, and to ensure that the reactants flowing through the diversion arch have a suitable speed.

The height of the second-stage guide arch arranged on the left side of the waste liquid reaction device 1 from the first-stage guide arch is H2, and its free end is coincident with the centerline of the waste liquid reaction device 1; this H2 satisfies: H2= 0.5-1.5H1, wherein H1 is the height of the first-stage guide arch from the flame stabilizer 121 .

The third-stage guide arch is arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device 1, and the height from the first-stage guide arch is H3. The distance between the center line of the reaction device 1 is L2; the L2 and H3 satisfy: -1/4D<L2<1/4D, H3=0.5～1.5H1; D is the diameter of the reaction body 12 of the waste liquid reaction device 1; H1 is the height of the first-stage deflector arch from the flame stabilizer 121 .

The above-mentioned heights H1-H3 are mainly to ensure the space required for the reaction and have a suitable temperature field and flow field.

In waste treatment, there is a clear requirement for the residence time of the exhaust gas in the high temperature area, which is not less than 2S. By setting the guide arch 123 in the present application, the flue gas can be forced to take an S-shaped path, and the exhaust gas can be increased within the same height. Under the same flow rate, the residence time is increased and the equipment height is reduced. When the amount of waste liquid treatment is small, the fullness of the exhaust gas in the waste liquid reaction device 1 is increased to better adapt to the change of load.

In addition, in this application, the left side of the primary air duct 111 is inclined to the right, where the primary wind blows to the right, the right side is arranged vertically, and the primary wind blows upward, so that the incineration of the reactants is mainly performed on the right side; The upwardly inclined first-stage diversion arch, and the tail gas outlet of the tuyere is arranged on the left side, which prolongs the incineration time of the reactants; the diversion arch 123 has a strong heat storage function, which cooperates with the heat storage of the flame stabilizer 121 function, strengthens the incineration of waste liquid, and has wider adaptability to the calorific value of waste liquid.

In the present application, secondary air ducts and tertiary air ducts are also arranged on the walls of the reaction body 12 opposite to the second-stage guide arch and the third-stage guide arch. The outlet centerline of the secondary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the second-stage guide arch; the outlet centerline of the tertiary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the third-stage guide arch. The advantages of this arrangement are: the secondary air and the tertiary air can be mixed in the smallest place on the left, the flow cross section is small, the exhaust gas flow rate is high, the high flow rate has a high disturbance to the exhaust gas, and the air and flue gas are mixed more uniformly.

After the exhaust gas is forced to change in the flow direction through the deflector arch 123, the distribution of the components inside the reaction body 12 can be made more uniform, and the further reaction with the secondary air and the tertiary air will be more complete, so that the components in the exhaust gas of the reaction body 12 will be more complete. It will fully decompose and react.

Exhaust gas outlet 13:

The left side of the exhaust gas outlet portion 13 is a right inclined slope, and the right side is a vertical plane; the end of the left slope is located on the right side of the center line of the reaction body 12 . By restricting the end of the left slope to the right of the centerline of the reaction body, the flow rate of the exhaust gas can be adjusted when turning, and the control of the flow rate can separate the larger and heavier dust particles in the exhaust gas. The distance between the end of the left slope and the center line of the reaction body 12 is further limited to be L3, where L3≧1/4D, where D is the diameter of the reaction body 12 . By limiting the size of L3, the flow rate of the exhaust gas can be adjusted when turning, and the control of the flow rate can separate the larger and heavier dust particles in the exhaust gas.

The above distances L1-L3 are set to ensure the outlet flow rate of the reactants.

Multi-stage temperature measurement points are arranged in the entire waste liquid reaction device 1, and the temperature measurement points and the tertiary (primary air, secondary air and tertiary air) supply air volume are chained for coupling control, that is, the reaction degree of the lower product is obtained through temperature monitoring. , and then control the primary air, secondary air, and tertiary air delivery volume according to the reaction degree of the lower product, so as to achieve the automatic control of the overall reaction device and the adaptive adjustment when the waste liquid flow changes, which can effectively improve the treatment system when the waste liquid delivery volume fluctuates. The reaction time is increased, the reaction rate is increased, and the reaction is carried out fully and thoroughly at the same time.

The end of the waste liquid reaction device 1 is sequentially provided with a waste heat recovery device 2 , a flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device 3 , a flue gas dehydration device 4 and a flue gas purification device 5 .

The air exchanges heat with the final product of the waste liquid reaction device 1 in the waste heat recovery device 2, and the preheated air is transported to the entire waste liquid reaction device 1 through the primary air duct, the secondary air duct and the tertiary air duct to participate in the reaction. The final product of the waste liquid reaction device 1 is preliminarily cooled through the waste heat recovery device 2 . It can be seen that the setting of the waste heat recovery device 2 reduces the temperature of the final product of the waste liquid reaction device 1, and at the same time enables the primary, secondary and tertiary air to obtain heat, the temperature increases, and the energy is effectively utilized, which is beneficial to the stability of the system operation and improves the economy of the system. sex.

The final product of the waste liquid reaction device 1 is preliminarily cooled by the waste heat recovery device 2, and then passed through the two-stage quenching and desulfurization of the integrated flue gas quenching and desulfurization device 3, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to the specified range, and part of the fine dust is removed at the same time. After passing through the flue gas dehydration device 4 to remove the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally passing through the flue gas purification device 5, the residual harmful components are filtered out and discharged up to the standard.

The above-mentioned flue gas dehydration device 4 is provided with a pre-dehydration device 41 , an end dehydration device 42 , and a water collecting tank 43 provided at the bottom of the end dehydration device 42 .

The pre-dehydration device 41 is provided with a multi-stage dehydration body (such as a tertiary dehydration body). After the water-containing flue gas passes through the pre-dehydration device 41 for tertiary dehydration, the condensed water droplets and the rest of the flue gas enter the end dehydration device 42 together.

The walls of the terminal dehydration device 42 are all lined with dehydration material. The end dehydration device 42 includes: a vertical baffle 421 , an inclined baffle 422 on one side of the vertical baffle 421 and a return baffle 423 on the other side of the vertical baffle 421 . The inclined baffle 422 and the return baffle 423 form an inverted V-shaped structure with a lower end opening, and the lower end opening leads to the water collecting tank 43; the vertical baffle 4521 and the inclined baffle 422 form a sudden shrinking structure, which sharply increases the flow rate of the water-containing flue gas. Make it favorable to impact the return baffle; the vertical baffle 421 and the return baffle 423 constitute a sudden expansion structure. The angle between the inclined baffle 422 and the horizontal plane (eg, 15° to 45°) is smaller than the angle between the return baffle 423 and the horizontal plane (eg, 45° to 75°); the vertical projection of the vertical baffle 421 falls on the inclined baffle 422, And there is a gap between the bottom end and the inclined baffle plate 422 ; the backflow baffle plate 423 has a flue gas passage leading to the flue gas purification device 5 near the top end.

The water-containing flue gas is preliminarily dehydrated by the multi-stage dehydration body in the pre-dehydration device 51, and enters the terminal dehydration device 42; The sudden expansion structure can sharply increase the flow rate of the water-containing flue gas, so that the water-containing flue gas can favorably impact the dehydration material lining of the return baffle under the action of inertial force, and enhance the dehydration effect; at the same time, the protrusion formed by the vertical baffle and the return baffle The structure is expanded, and the flow rate of the flue gas is sharply reduced, which is beneficial for the water droplets to fall back, and the water droplets mixed in the flue gas are smoothly collected into the water collecting tank 43 . Finally, the dehydrated flue gas enters the flue gas purification device 5 through the flue gas port near the top of the return baffle. At the same time, the eccentric structure of the dehydration device 5 enables the water-containing flue gas to efficiently remove the moisture in the flue gas under the action of inertial force.

The flue gas purifying device 5 can be a commercially available flue gas purifying device, or a multi-layer high-temperature-resistant filter material can be added to the casing to filter harmful substances in the flue gas passing through it.

The working principle of the above-mentioned waste liquid reaction device 1 is as follows:

After the waste liquid and the wind enter the liquid sprayer 122 , the waste liquid is atomized and premixed in the liquid sprayer 122 , and then enters the waste liquid reaction device 1 through the end nozzle of the liquid sprayer 122 . The waste liquid is hedged and mixed inside the waste liquid reaction device 1, and at the same time, it is fully mixed with the primary air. The gas-liquid mixture fully utilizes the wall surface of the waste liquid reaction device 1 and the heat of the flame stabilizer 121 to carry out evaporation, cracking and combustion reaction, which improves the reaction rate. At the same time, the setting of the flame stabilizer 121 makes the temperature distribution in the waste liquid reaction device more uniform, which is also conducive to the rapid progress of the reaction. The reactant is mixed with the primary air again through the turbine channel around the flame stabilizer 121, and the turbine channel of the flame stabilizer 121 makes the left reactant pass rate high, so that a rightward swirl is formed at the lower left of the flame stabilizer 121, When the swirl reactant reaches the primary air duct at the bottom of the reaction body 12, the swirl effect of the swirl reactant is strengthened under the action of the primary air, so that waste liquid is formed in the reaction body 12 of the entire waste liquid reaction device 1. The internal circulation of evaporation, cracking and combustion reaction improves the reaction rate of waste liquid. After the waste liquid is treated by the reaction body 12 , the slag ash particles in the product are collected by the slag ash collection device; the reaction product of the reaction body 12 is thoroughly treated in the reaction body 12 . The reaction body 12 is arranged with three-stage diversion arches from bottom to top. At the same time, the setting of the diversion arches makes the mixing of the product with the secondary air and tertiary air more uniform, so that the temperature distribution in the reaction body is more uniform, which is beneficial to improve the reaction rate. At the same time, the process of product reaction is increased to make the reaction more sufficient and thorough.

Multi-stage temperature measuring points are arranged in the entire waste liquid reaction device 1, and the temperature measuring points and the tertiary (primary air, secondary air and tertiary air) supply air volume are chained for coupling control: the reaction degree of the lower product is obtained through temperature monitoring, Furthermore, the conveying volume of primary air, secondary air and tertiary air is controlled according to the reaction degree of the lower product, so as to achieve automatic control of the overall reaction device and self-adaptive adjustment when the flow rate of waste liquid changes.

After the product is fully reacted by the reactant 12, the degradation is completed, and the final product meets the national emission standard. The primary, secondary and tertiary air are all preheated air. The air exchanges heat with the final product of the waste liquid reaction device 1 in the waste heat recovery device 2, and the preheated air is transported to the entire waste liquid reaction device 1 to participate in the reaction. The final product is initially cooled by the waste heat recovery device 2, and then passed through the two-stage quenching and desulfurization of the integrated flue gas quenching and desulfurization device 3, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to a specified range, and part of the fine dust is removed at the same time, and then flows through the flue gas dehydration device 4. , remove the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally pass through the flue gas purification device 5 to filter out the residual harmful components and discharge them up to the standard.

The above-mentioned laboratory organic waste liquid treatment system realizes a modular structure, high integration, compact structure, flexible layout, small footprint, high treatment efficiency, low cost per unit of organic waste liquid treatment, and can effectively treat laboratory organic waste liquid. .

Embodiment 2

In the second embodiment, the waste liquid reaction device 1 is the structure shown in the following figure 5, and the difference between it and the embodiment 1 is:

1. The primary air duct 111 arranged in the collecting part 11 is replaced by a plurality of horizontally arranged air ducts in the first embodiment with an upright air duct, and the upright air duct is staggered around with air outlets, and the air outlets are from bottom to top The diameters decrease successively.

2. The plurality of liquid sprayers 122 are located on the conical surface of the collecting part 11 , and the intersection point of their center lines falls on the right side of the center line of the flame stabilizer 121 .

The rest of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

Embodiment 3

In the third embodiment, the waste liquid reaction device 1 is the structure shown in Figure 6 below, and the difference between it and the embodiment 1 is:

The plurality of primary air ducts 111 are changed from being arranged on the collecting portion 11 to being arranged on the reaction body 11 and below the flame stabilizer 122 , and the centerlines of the plurality of primary air ducts 111 are on the same horizontal plane.

Embodiment 4

In the fourth embodiment, the structure of the flue gas dehydration device 4 and the number and arrangement of the flue gas purification device 5 are different from those in the above-mentioned first embodiment. The combined structure of the flue gas dehydration device 4 and the flue gas purification device 5 is shown in Figure 7. As shown, it includes: a flue gas dehydration device 4 including a pre-stage dehydration device 41 for centralized dehydration and an end dehydration device 42 with a double dehydration structure, and a flue gas dehydration device that communicates with the end dehydration device 42 and is arranged on both sides of the end dehydration device 42. Air purification device 5.

The flue gas dehydration device 4 still includes a pre-dehydration device 41 , an end dehydration device 42 and a water collecting tank 43 provided at the bottom of the end dehydration device 42 .

The pre-dehydration device 41 is provided with a two-stage dehydration body (the dehydration body is made of polyurethane composite material). After the water-containing flue gas passes through the two-stage dehydration of the pre-dehydration device 41 in sequence, the condensed water droplets and the rest of the flue gas enter the terminal dehydration device together. 42.

The end dehydration device 42 is a double dehydration structure with a left-right symmetrical structure, which includes a vertical baffle 421 , an inclined baffle 422 and a return baffle 423 . Among them, the vertical baffles 421 and the inclined baffles 422 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffles 421 constitute two sudden shrinking structures; the two return baffles 423 are in an inverted V-shaped structure, and the bottom ends are open and connected to the sump 43 The backflow baffles 423 and the inclined baffles 422 on both sides form a left-right symmetrical sudden expansion structure, and the flares of the two sudden expansion structures respectively lead to the flue gas purification device 5 arranged on both sides of the end dehydration device 42 .

The two sudden shrinking structures formed by the vertical baffle 421 and the inclined baffles 422 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffle 421 can sharply increase the flow rate of the water-containing flue gas, making it beneficial to impact the return baffle 423; at the same time, the inclined baffle 422 The left and right symmetrical sudden expansion structure formed with the return baffle 423 sharply reduces the flow rate of the water-containing flue gas, which is conducive to the fall of water droplets, and smoothly collects the water droplets mixed in the flue gas into the water collecting tank 43; at the same time, the left and right symmetrical double dehydration structure of the end dehydration device 42 , so that the water-containing flue gas can efficiently remove the moisture in the flue gas under the action of a long process and multiple channels.

Embodiment 5

In the fifth embodiment, the structure of the flue gas dehydration device 4 and the number and arrangement of the flue gas purification device 5 are different from those in the above-mentioned fourth embodiment. The combined structure of the flue gas dehydration device 4 and the flue gas purification device 5 is as follows: As shown in Figure 8, including:

A flue gas dehydration device 4 including a pre-dehydration device 41 for centralized dehydration and an end dehydration device 42 with a double dehydration structure, and a flue gas purification device 5 communicated with the end dehydration device 42 and arranged on both sides of the pre-dehydration device 41 .

The end dehydration device 42 still includes a pre-dehydration device 41 , an end dehydration device 42 and a water collecting tank 43 provided at the bottom of the end dehydration device 42 . The difference is that, in addition to the double dehydration structure of the left-right symmetrical structure in the fourth embodiment, the terminal dehydration device 42 is also provided with accumulating barrels on both sides of the double dehydration structure. The flared openings of the sudden-expansion structure in the double dehydration structure respectively lead to the collecting bucket, and the collecting bucket has openings on the upper part that communicate with the flue gas purification device 5, and openings on the bottom that communicate with the water collecting tank.

The accumulating buckets respectively installed on both sides of the double dehydration structure can continue to recover the water droplets that fall back when the tax-containing flue gas enters the flue gas purification device 5 .

Although the principle of the present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the exemplary implementation of the present invention, rather than limiting the scope of the present invention. The details in the embodiments do not constitute a limitation to the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, any obvious changes such as equivalent transformations and simple replacements based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. a laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system, is characterized in that, described laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system comprises: A waste liquid reaction device (1), a waste heat recovery device (2), a flue gas quenching and desulfurization integrated device (3), a flue gas dehydration device (4) and a flue gas are sequentially arranged at the end of the waste liquid reaction device (1). Purification device (5); The waste liquid reaction device (1) comprises a conical collecting part (11) located at the bottom, a reaction body (12) located in the vertical section in the middle, and a tail gas outlet part (13) located at the upper part; the tail gas outlet part (13) The left side of is the inclined plane inclined to the right, and the right side is the vertical plane; the end of the left inclined plane is located on the right side of the center line of the reaction body (12); A flame stabilizer (121) is arranged in the cavity of the waste liquid reaction device (1), and an air duct is arranged around it to communicate with the cavity; the waste liquid reaction device (1) is provided with a device capable of spraying the waste liquid A plurality of liquid sprayers (122) entering the cavity structure, and the intersection point of the center lines of the liquid sprayers (122) is to the right of the center line of the flame stabilizer (121); A diversion arch (123) is arranged on the liquid reaction device (1), and the diversion arch (123) is located above the flame stabilizer (121); the bottom of the waste liquid reaction device (1) is connected to a slag ash collection device ; The waste liquid is sprayed into the waste liquid reaction device (1) through the liquid sprayer, and the reaction product is obtained through the reaction of the waste liquid reaction device (1). The chemical device (3) is quenched and desulfurized, and then flows through the flue gas dehydration device (4) to remove the moisture contained in the flue gas, and finally passes through the flue gas purification device (5) to filter out residual harmful components. 2. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The flame stabilizer (121) has a turbine-type structure as a whole, and the middle part thereof is an elliptical-like solid, and the periphery of the solid body is a turbine-type channel. 3. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, A plurality of primary air ducts (111) are arranged on the collecting part (11); the primary air ducts (111) are arranged in a multi-layer annular manner, and the center plane of the reaction body (12) is In the interface, the primary air duct (111) on the left side of the interface is offset to the right; the primary air duct (111) on the right side of the interface is vertically upward; or, A primary air duct (111) is arranged on the collection part (11); the primary air duct (111) is an upright air duct, and air outlets are staggered around the upright air duct, and the air outlets are arranged from bottom to top. diameter decreases in turn; or, A plurality of primary air ducts (111) are arranged on the reaction body (12), and the centerlines of the primary air ducts (111) are located on the same horizontal plane and below the flame stabilizer (121). 4. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the plurality of liquid sprayers (122) are arranged on the reaction body (12); or, The plurality of liquid sprayers (122) are arranged on the conical surface of the collecting part (11). 5. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, In the reaction body (12), multi-stage guide arches (123) are staggeredly arranged from bottom to top along the direction of the reaction flow of the organic waste liquid. 6. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, The included angle between the lower surface of the guide arch (123) and the horizontal plane is b, and the included angle b satisfies: 15°≦b≦65°; the height of the vertical surface on the right side of the guide arch (123) that is in contact with the inner wall of the reaction chamber is A , the left free end is an arc shape with a radius of R1, and this R1 satisfies: R1=(0.3～0.8)A. 7. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, The height of the first-stage guide arch arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device (1) from the flame stabilizer (121) is H1; its free end is on the left side of the centerline of the waste liquid reaction device (1). Satisfaction: 0.2D<H1<D; wherein D is the diameter of the reaction body (12); The height of the second-stage diversion arch arranged on the left side of the waste liquid reaction device (1) from the first-stage diversion arch is H2, and its free end is coincident with the centerline of the waste liquid reaction device (1); this H2 Satisfaction: H2=0.5～1.5H1, wherein H1 is the height of the first-stage guide arch from the flame stabilizer (121); The third-stage guide arch is arranged on the right side of the waste liquid reaction device (1), and the height from the first-stage guide arch is H3, and its free end is on the right side of the center line of the waste liquid reaction device (1); The H3 satisfies: H3=0.5-1.5H1; H1 is the height of the first-stage guide arch from the flame stabilizer (121). 8. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, A secondary air duct is arranged on the wall of the opposite reaction body (12) of the second-stage diversion arch; the outlet centerline of the secondary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the second-stage diversion arch; A tertiary air duct is arranged on the wall of the reaction body (12) opposite to the third-stage diversion arch; the outlet centerline of the tertiary air duct is at the same height as the upper edge of the third-stage diversion arch. 9. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described flue gas dehydration device (4) comprises: a pre-sequence dehydration device (41), an end dehydration device (42), and a water collecting tank (43) provided at the bottom of the end dehydration device (42); A multi-stage dehydration body is arranged in the pre-dehydration device (41), and after the water-containing flue gas is dehydrated through the pre-dehydration device (41) in sequence, the condensed water droplets and the rest of the flue gas enter the terminal dehydration device (42), and pass through the end of the dehydration device (42). The water droplets falling back after the impact of the dewatering device (42) are collected into the water collecting tank (43). 10. a kind of laboratory organic waste liquid cracking system according to claim 9, is characterized in that, The end dehydration device (42) comprises: a vertical baffle (421), an inclined baffle (422) on one side of the vertical baffle (421) and a backflow baffle on the other side of the vertical baffle (421) plate (423); the inclined baffle (422) and the return baffle (423) form an inverted V-shaped structure with an opening at the lower end, and the opening at the lower end thereof leads to the sump (43); the inclined baffle (422) is clamped with the horizontal plane The angle is smaller than the angle between the return baffle (423) and the horizontal plane; the vertical baffle (421) and the inclined baffle (422) form a sudden contraction structure, and the vertical baffle (421) and the return baffle (423) form a sudden expansion structure; the vertical projection of the vertical baffle (421) falls on the inclined baffle (422), and there is a gap between the bottom end of the vertical baffle (422) and the inclined baffle (422); the flue gas port of the purification device (5); or, The terminal dehydration device (42) is a double dehydration structure with a left-right symmetrical structure, which includes a vertical baffle (421), an inclined baffle (422) and a return baffle (423); the vertical baffle (421) and the inclined baffles (422) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffles (421) to form two sudden shrinking structures; the two return baffles (423) are in an inverted V-shaped structure, and the bottom ends are open and connected to the sump (43). ), the backflow baffles (423) and the inclined baffles (422) on both sides form a left-right symmetrical sudden expansion structure, and the flares of the two sudden expansion structures respectively lead to the smoke pipes arranged on both sides of the end dehydration device (42). Air purification device (5); or, The terminal dehydration device (42) includes a double dehydration structure with a left-right symmetrical structure, and accumulation buckets are respectively provided on both sides of the double dehydration structure; the double dehydration structure includes a vertical baffle (421), an inclined baffle ( 422) and a return baffle (423); the vertical baffle (421) and the inclined baffles (422) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical baffle (421) constitute two sudden shrinking structures; two return baffles The plate (423) has an inverted V-shaped structure, the bottom end is open and is connected to the water collecting tank (43), and the backflow baffles (423) and the inclined baffles (422) on both sides form a left-right symmetrical sudden expansion structure; the sudden expansion structure The flaring openings of the collecting barrels respectively lead to the collecting barrels, and the collecting barrels have openings on the upper part that communicate with the flue gas purification device (5), and openings on the bottom that communicate with the water collecting tank.

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