CN114289804A - Ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method for surface micro-pit array structure - Google Patents
Ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method for surface micro-pit array structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114289804A CN114289804A CN202210088958.5A CN202210088958A CN114289804A CN 114289804 A CN114289804 A CN 114289804A CN 202210088958 A CN202210088958 A CN 202210088958A CN 114289804 A CN114289804 A CN 114289804A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method for a surface micro-pit array structure, and particularly relates to the technical field of special machining processes. The device comprises an electrolyte tank, a water pump, a liquid separating device, a cathode plate, an insulating plate, a power supply, an anode workpiece, an ultrasonic vibration generator and a turbid liquid tank, wherein the cathode plate is provided with a first array of micropores; the insulation board is provided with a second array of micropores and a plurality of diversion trenches, the diversion trenches communicate the second array of micropores, and the ultrasonic vibration generator is connected with the negative plate; the processing method comprises the following steps: the water pump pumps the electrolyte into the liquid separating device, the electrolyte reaches the processing surface of the anode workpiece through the array micropores, and the electrolyte is discharged through the diversion trench and flows into the turbid liquid tank. The technical scheme of the invention solves the problems of poor processing localization, low processing efficiency and poor microstructure consistency in micro electrolytic processing, and can be used for high-quality batch processing of array micropores.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special processing technology, in particular to an ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic processing method for a surface micro-pit array structure.
Background
The diesel engine has the advantages of high power, low energy consumption, high reliability and the like, and is a main power device of agricultural machinery such as various tractors, harvesters and the like. The cylinder sleeve is one of key parts of a combustion chamber of a diesel engine, is in a working state of high temperature, high pressure and poor lubrication for a long time, and is easy to cause engine failure due to abrasion failure. Researches show that the micro-textures such as the array micro-pits processed on the surface of the cylinder sleeve can play roles in enhancing the hydrodynamic pressure lubrication effect, storing impurity abrasive particles and the like, effectively improve the frictional wear performance of cylinder sleeve parts and prolong the service life of the cylinder sleeve parts. Therefore, the micro-pit array structure with controllable size and good consistency is processed on the surface of the cylinder sleeve, and has important engineering practical value for improving the working performance of the diesel engine and reducing the use and maintenance cost of the diesel engine.
At present, the processing method of the microtexture mainly comprises mechanical processing, laser processing, electrolytic processing, composite processing technology and the like. The electrochemical machining utilizes the electrochemical anode dissolution principle to remove materials in an ionic form, has the advantages of no tool loss, no cutting force, good machined surface integrity and the like, and shows wide application potential in the field of micro machining. However, the micro electrochemical machining has problems such as poor machining localization, low machining efficiency, and poor microstructure uniformity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method for a surface micro-pit array structure, which solves the problems of poor machining localization, low machining efficiency and poor microstructure consistency in micro electrolytic machining.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method of the surface micro-pit array structure comprises an electrolyte tank, a water suction pump, a liquid separating device, a cathode plate, an insulating plate, a power supply, an anode workpiece, an ultrasonic vibration generator and a turbid liquid tank, wherein the water suction pump is arranged in the electrolyte tank, a liquid inlet pipe is communicated between the water suction pump and the liquid separating device, and a plurality of first array micropores distributed in an array form are arranged on the cathode plate; the insulating plate is provided with a plurality of second array micropores and a plurality of flow guide grooves which are distributed in an array manner, the flow guide grooves are transversely and longitudinally distributed around the second array micropores in an aligned manner, all the flow guide grooves communicate all the second array micropores, the negative plate is fixedly connected with the liquid distribution device and is positioned in the liquid distribution device, the negative plate is electrically connected with the negative level of a power supply, and the positive workpiece is electrically connected with the positive level of the power supply; the insulating plate is tightly attached to the anode workpiece, the cathode plate is in non-pressure attachment with the insulating plate, the ultrasonic vibration generator is connected with the cathode plate, and a liquid discharge pipe is communicated between the turbid liquid tank and the liquid separating device;
the ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method comprises the following steps: the water pump pumps the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank into the liquid separating and placing device, the electrolyte is dynamically stored in the liquid separating and placing device, then the electrolyte enters the second array of micropores of the insulating plate through the first array of micropores of the cathode plate to reach the processing surface of the anode workpiece, and finally the electrolyte is discharged through the diversion trench and flows into a turbid liquid tank;
in the processing process, the negative plate keeps high-frequency ultrasonic vibration under the action of the ultrasonic vibration generator, when the first array micropores of the negative plate and the second array micropores of the insulating plate are offset, the electric field intensity of the processing area of the anode workpiece is higher, the electrochemical dissolution efficiency is higher, and a large amount of electrolysis products are generated at the same time; when the first array of micropores of the cathode plate is superposed with the second array of micropores of the insulating plate, the electrolyte positively impacts the processing surface of the anode workpiece at a high speed, and the processing product is forced to be discharged at a high speed along with the electrolyte.
Furthermore, a booster pump is installed on the liquid inlet pipe, and the pressure of the electrolyte in the liquid separation device is maintained at 0.5-3 Mpa.
Through the arrangement, high-speed jet flow electrolytic machining is realized after the electrolyte passes through the negative plate and the insulating plate.
Furthermore, the negative plate is made of stainless steel.
Further, the insulating plate is made of insulating non-conducting materials, and the thickness of the insulating plate is 0.5-1 mm.
Further, the second array of micro-holes of the insulating plate and the first array of micro-hole structures of the cathode plate are matched for processing.
Further, the depth of the flow guide groove is 0.1-0.5mm, and the width D is (0.2-1.0) D, wherein D is the diameter of the second array of micropores.
Through the arrangement, smooth discharge of the processed product through the diversion trench and the second array micropores can be ensured, and the stability of the scheme is maintained.
Furthermore, the vibration frequency range of the ultrasonic vibration generator is 2k-20kHz, the real-time controllable adjustment of the x direction and the y direction can be realized, and the coupled vibration direction can be consistent with any optimized target direction.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this scheme:
1. the negative plate is promoted to carry out high-frequency ultrasonic vibration in the plane through the ultrasonic vibration generator, so that the strong electric field intensity in a processing area can be maintained, meanwhile, an electrolysis product in the processing area can be timely removed, and the processing efficiency is greatly improved.
2. According to the scheme, the micro-pit array structure is processed in an internal liquid spraying mode, the high-speed electrolyte scouring effect in the micro-pit material removing direction in a processing area is guaranteed, and the processing localization is improved.
3. According to the scheme, the cavity structure in the liquid separating device is used for uniformly supplying liquid to the array micropores of the cathode plate, so that the consistency of the array structure of the micro pits on the surface of the anode workpiece is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of ultrasonic translational jet electrochemical machining method for a surface micro-pit array structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cathode plate in this embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating plate according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first array of micro-holes and the second array of micro-holes in this embodiment when they are offset;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first array of micro-holes and the second array of micro-holes overlapping in this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a water suction pump 1, a booster pump 2, a cathode plate 3, an insulating plate 4, a liquid separating device 5, an anode workpiece 6, an ultrasonic vibration generator 7, a second array micropore 8, a guide groove 9, a first array micropore 10 and a power supply 11.
Examples
The ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method of the surface micro-pit array structure comprises an electrolyte tank, a water pump 1, a liquid separately-placing device 5, a cathode plate 3, an insulating plate 4, a power supply 11, an anode workpiece 6, an ultrasonic vibration generator 7 and a turbid liquid tank, wherein the water pump 1 is placed in the electrolyte tank, a liquid inlet pipe is communicated between the water pump 1 and the liquid separately-placing device 5, a booster pump 2 is installed on the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is hermetically connected with the joint of the liquid separately-placing device 5 to ensure that electrolyte cannot seep out of the joint; meanwhile, the pressure of the electrolyte in the liquid separation device 5 can be maintained at 0.5-3Mpa by the series connection and the practical matching of the water suction pump 1 and the booster pump 2. The liquid separate device 5 is of a hollow box structure with through holes at the top and the bottom.
The cathode plate 3 is made of stainless steel, and the thickness is 5-10 mm. A plurality of first array micropores 10 distributed in an array are arranged on the cathode plate 3; the insulating plate 4 is made of insulating non-conductive material and has a thickness of 0.5-1 mm. The insulating plate 4 is provided with a plurality of second array micropores 8 distributed in an array and a plurality of flow guide grooves, the depth of each flow guide groove is 0.1-0.5mm, the width D is (0.2-1.0) D, and D is the diameter of each second array micropore 8. The guide grooves are transversely and longitudinally distributed around the second array micropores 8 in a cross manner, all the guide grooves communicate all the second array micropores 8, and the insulating plate at the joint of each guide groove and the second array micropores 8 is provided with a 45-degree chamfer, so that waste liquid can flow in the guide grooves quickly; the second array of micro-holes 8 of the insulating plate 4 is structured to cooperate with the first array of micro-holes 10 of the cathode plate 3. The cathode plate 3 is fixedly connected with the liquid separate device 5 and is positioned inside the liquid separate device 5, so that the cathode plate 3 and the liquid separate device 5 can perform ultrasonic translation without relative displacement. The cathode plate 3 is electrically connected with the negative level of the power supply 11, and the anode workpiece 6 is electrically connected with the positive level of the power supply 11; one side of the insulating plate 4 back to the diversion trench is tightly attached to the anode workpiece 6, and one side of the cathode plate 3 containing the diversion trench is kept in non-pressure attachment to the insulating plate 4. One end of the ultrasonic vibration generator 7 is fixedly connected to the driver, the other end of the ultrasonic vibration generator 7 is connected with the cathode plate 3, and high-frequency ultrasonic translation in any direction in the xoy plane is realized by means of the driver and the ultrasonic vibration generator 7. A liquid discharge pipe is communicated between the turbid liquid tank and the insulating plate 4.
The ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method comprises the following steps: the water suction pump 1 pumps the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank into the liquid separation device 5 and dynamically stores the electrolyte in the liquid separation device 5, the booster pump 2 is adjusted to maintain the pressure of the electrolyte in the liquid separation device 5 at 0.5-3Mpa, so that the electrolyte can impact the anode workpiece 6 at a high speed through the first array micropores 10 of the cathode plate 3 and the second array micropores 8 of the insulation plate 4, the feasibility of high-speed jet flow electrolytic machining is ensured, and meanwhile, the cathode plate 3 controlled by the driver and the ultrasonic vibration generator 7 adjusts the coupling vibration direction of the xoy plane in real time according to the machining requirement, and the precision of micropore machining is ensured; the electrolyte enters the second array micropores 8 of the insulating plate 4 through the first array micropores 10 of the cathode plate 3 to reach the processing surface of the anode workpiece 6, and the processed electrolyte and the electrolyte product carried therewith are impacted by the subsequent jet electrolyte and flow into a turbid liquid tank through the diversion trench.
In the processing process, the cathode plate 3 keeps high-frequency ultrasonic vibration under the action of the ultrasonic vibration generator 7, the frequency range of the ultrasonic vibration generator 7 is 2k-20kHz, unidirectional vibration displacement delta is (0.1-0.5) D, wherein D is the diameter of the second array micropores 8, the real-time controllable adjustment in the x direction and the y direction can be realized, and the coupled vibration direction can be consistent with any optimization target direction; when the first array of micro-holes 10 of the cathode plate 3 is offset from the second array of micro-holes 8 of the insulating plate 4 (as shown in figure 4), the electric field intensity of the processing area of the anode workpiece 6 is higher, the electrochemical dissolution efficiency is higher, and simultaneously, a large amount of electrolysis products are generated; when the first array of micro-holes 10 of the cathode plate 3 is coincident with the second array of micro-holes 8 of the insulating plate 4 (as shown in fig. 5), the electrolyte positively impacts the machined surface of the anode workpiece 6 at a high velocity, forcing the machined product to exit with the electrolyte at a high velocity.
The foregoing are merely examples of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and/or features of the schemes has not been described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. An ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method of a surface micro-pit array structure is characterized in that: the device comprises an electrolyte tank, a water suction pump (1), a liquid separate device (5), a cathode plate (3), an insulating plate (4), a power supply (11), an anode workpiece (6), an ultrasonic vibration generator (7) and a turbid liquid tank, wherein the water suction pump (1) is placed in the electrolyte tank, a liquid inlet pipe is communicated between the water suction pump (1) and the liquid separate device (5), and a plurality of first array micropores (10) distributed in an array manner are arranged on the cathode plate (3); the insulating plate (4) is provided with a plurality of second array micropores (8) and a plurality of flow guide grooves (9) which are distributed in an array manner, the flow guide grooves (9) are transversely and longitudinally distributed around the second array micropores (8) in an aligned manner, all the flow guide grooves (9) are used for communicating all the second array micropores (8), the cathode plate (3) is fixedly connected with the liquid separate device (5) and is positioned in the liquid separate device (5), the cathode plate (3) is electrically connected with a negative level of a power supply (11), and the anode workpiece (6) is electrically connected with a positive level of the power supply (11); the insulating plate (4) is tightly attached to the anode workpiece (6), the cathode plate (3) is in pressure-free attachment with the insulating plate (4), the ultrasonic vibration generator (7) is connected with the cathode plate (3), and a liquid discharge pipe is communicated between the turbid liquid tank and the liquid separate device (5);
the ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method comprises the following steps: the water suction pump (1) pumps electrolyte in an electrolyte tank into the liquid separating device (5) and dynamically stores the electrolyte in the liquid separating device (5), then the electrolyte enters the second array of micropores (8) of the insulating plate (4) through the first array of micropores (10) of the cathode plate (3) to reach the processing surface of the anode workpiece (6), and finally the electrolyte is discharged through the diversion trench (9) and flows into a turbid liquid tank;
in the processing process, the cathode plate (3) keeps high-frequency ultrasonic vibration under the action of an ultrasonic vibration generator (7), when the first array of micropores (10) of the cathode plate (3) is offset with the second array of micropores (8) of the insulating plate (4), the electric field intensity of the processing area of the anode workpiece (6) is higher, the electrochemical dissolution efficiency is higher, and simultaneously, a large amount of electrolysis products are generated; when the first array of micropores (10) of the cathode plate (3) is overlapped with the second array of micropores (8) of the insulating plate (4), the electrolyte positively washes the processing surface of the anode workpiece (6) at a high speed, and the processing product is forced to be discharged along with the electrolyte at a high speed.
2. The surface micro-pit array structure ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a booster pump (2), and the pressure of the electrolyte in the liquid separate device is maintained at 0.5-3 Mpa.
3. The surface micro-pit array structure ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the negative plate (3) is made of stainless steel.
4. The surface micro-pit array structure ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the insulating plate (4) is made of insulating non-conducting materials, and the thickness of the insulating plate is 0.5-1 mm.
5. The surface micro-pit array structure ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the second array of micropores (8) of the insulating plate (4) and the first array of micropores (10) of the cathode plate (3) are matched for processing.
6. The surface micro-pit array structure ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the depth of the diversion trench (9) is 0.1-0.5mm, and the width D is (0.2-1.0) D, wherein D is the diameter of the second array micropores (8).
7. The surface micro-pit array structure ultrasonic translation jet flow electrolytic machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vibration frequency range of the ultrasonic vibration generator (7) is 2k-20kHz, the real-time controllable adjustment of the x direction and the y direction can be realized, and the coupled vibration direction can be consistent with any optimized target direction.
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