CN114289028A - Non-noble metal catalyst for preparing succinic anhydride by maleic anhydride liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Non-noble metal catalyst for preparing succinic anhydride by maleic anhydride liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114289028A CN114289028A CN202111451960.6A CN202111451960A CN114289028A CN 114289028 A CN114289028 A CN 114289028A CN 202111451960 A CN202111451960 A CN 202111451960A CN 114289028 A CN114289028 A CN 114289028A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012691 Cu precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- UPPLJLAHMKABPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2].[Ni+2].[Ni+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O UPPLJLAHMKABPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 244000275012 Sesbania cannabina Species 0.000 claims 1
- MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940078494 nickel acetate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- HZPNKQREYVVATQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);diformate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O HZPNKQREYVVATQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- DOLZKNFSRCEOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);oxalate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O DOLZKNFSRCEOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 12
- AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+);dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 241000219782 Sesbania Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- SXTLQDJHRPXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;dinitrate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O SXTLQDJHRPXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- MFUVDXOKPBAHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MFUVDXOKPBAHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[6-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzimidazol-1-yl]-3-[1-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy]thiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=1C(C)OC(=C(S1)C(N)=O)C=C1N(C1=C2)C=NC1=CC=C2CN1CCN(C)CC1 ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GGKNTGJPGZQNID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-$l^{1}-oxidanyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-trimethylazanium Chemical compound CC1(C)CC([N+](C)(C)C)CC(C)(C)N1[O] GGKNTGJPGZQNID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710194905 ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100035959 Cationic amino acid transporter 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100021391 Cationic amino acid transporter 3 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100021392 Cationic amino acid transporter 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710195194 Cationic amino acid transporter 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102100029217 High affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710081758 High affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091006231 SLC7A2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091006230 SLC7A3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009904 heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
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- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a non-noble metal catalyst for preparing succinic anhydride by maleic anhydride liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation, wherein a carrier of the catalyst is prepared by mixing, kneading and molding a copper precursor, a part of nickel precursor and a glue solution of a first auxiliary agent with pseudo-boehmite powder, drying and roasting. Then adopting an equal-volume impregnation method to load the residual active metal nickel and the second auxiliary agent to prepare the catalyst. The catalyst comprises, by weight (calculated as oxide), 20-30% of nickel oxide, 2-5% of copper oxide, 0.1-5.0% of first auxiliary agent, 0.1-2.0% of second auxiliary agent, and the balance of aluminum oxide. The catalyst has the advantages of simple preparation process, easy industrial production, capability of treating materials with higher concentration and high airspeed, wider reaction temperature range, high activity, high selectivity and high stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a non-noble metal catalyst for preparing succinic anhydride by maleic anhydride liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Succinic anhydride is also known as succinic anhydride, is widely applied to the industries of food processing, medicine and health, agriculture and the like, and is used as an important raw material for synthesizing degradable polyester PBS in the market with the greatest development prospect. With the implementation of plastic forbidden orders, the market demand of succinic anhydride in China is expected to exceed 200 million tons/year in the future, the domestic succinic anhydride capacity is less than 5 million tons at present, the market demand cannot be met, and the limited succinic anhydride capacity becomes the bottleneck of the development of the PBS industry.
At present, the processes for producing succinic anhydride at home and abroad mainly comprise a biological fermentation method, a catalytic addition method and a maleic anhydride hydrogenation method. The product extraction efficiency of the biological fermentation method is low, the yield and the conversion rate are not high, the cost is high, and a large amount of wastewater is generated in the production process, so that the requirement of industrial production is difficult to meet. The catalytic addition method adopts toxic metals as catalysts and is eliminated at present. The maleic anhydride hydrogenation method is to prepare succinic anhydride by taking maleic anhydride as a raw material and adopting a direct hydrogenation method. The method has the advantages of simple process flow, convenient operation, high equipment utilization rate, low operation cost and high product purity.
Patents CN92100554.7 and CN92103481.4 disclose a method for preparing succinic anhydride by hydrogenation of maleic anhydride in a molten state with raney nickel catalyst under solvent-free condition. The method adopts a kettle type reactor, feeds a catalyst and maleic anhydride according to a certain proportion, keeps the hydrogen pressure in the kettle constant in the hydrogenation reaction process of the maleic anhydride, and respectively achieves the highest yield of the succinic anhydride of 90 percent and 96 percent. But the method is intermittent production and has the defect that the succinic anhydride is difficult to be industrially and continuously produced; in addition, the tank reactor has a low utilization rate of effective reaction volume, the production process needs more reaction accessories such as a storage tank, and the process also has the defect of high equipment investment.
Chinese patent CN03122336.2 discloses a process for preparing succinic anhydride by heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation with nickel as an active component. The mol ratio of the active component nickel of the catalyst to the carrier is Ni to SiO2:Al2O31, (1.47-5.98) and (0-3.3), and maleic anhydride can be catalyzed by hydrogenation to produce succinic anhydride in the presence and absence of a solvent. The reduction temperature of the catalyst is 400-580 ℃, the reaction conditions are that the reaction temperature is 120-180 ℃, the reaction time is 1-3 h, the molar ratio of nickel to maleic anhydride is 0.3-1.6:100, and the hydrogen pressure is 0.5-3 MPa. The catalyst takes Ni as an active component, SiO2、Al2O3The catalyst is a carrier, the catalyst contains an acid center, the reaction temperature is high when the maleic anhydride is subjected to hydrogenation reaction, and the maleic anhydride polymerization reaction can occur in the hydrogenation reaction process of the maleic anhydride, so that the product chromaticity is high, and the service life of the catalyst is greatly reduced in a strong acid environment.
Chinese patent CN200910073975.6 describes a catalyst for continuous production of succinic anhydride from maleic anhydride hydrogenation liquid phase, which is prepared by an equal-volume impregnation method and contains 13-20 wt% of nickel, 1-7 wt% of accelerant and SiO as a carrier2、Al2O3Or SiO2-Al2O3A composite oxide. The catalyst can ensure that the conversion rate of maleic anhydride is more than or equal to 99.98 percent, the selectivity of succinic anhydride is more than or equal to 98.85 percent, and the longest operation time of the catalyst is 7500 h. The method has the defects of low maleic anhydride treatment capacity, large solvent circulation amount, high energy consumption, high separation cost and the like.
Patents SU1541210, Ru2058311 and EP0691335 disclose a method for preparing succinic anhydride by one-step hydrogenation of maleic anhydride in the presence of a solvent, wherein the catalyst used is noble metal Pd, the noble metal content is as high as 2-10 wt%, and the catalyst cost is high. By adopting the catalyst, the yield of the succinic anhydride is 90-95% under the condition that the reaction pressure is 4.0-6.0 MPa.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a non-noble metal catalyst for preparing succinic anhydride by maleic anhydride liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a non-noble metal catalyst for preparing succinic anhydride by maleic anhydride liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation, which consists of active components of nickel, copper, a first aid, a second aid and a carrier, wherein the first aid is at least one of IA group or IIA group, and the second aid is at least one of lanthanide; the catalyst comprises the following components in percentage by weight (calculated by oxide) based on the total weight of the catalyst: the nickel oxide content is 20% -30%, the copper oxide content is 2% -5%, the first auxiliary agent content is 0.1% -5.0%, the second auxiliary agent content is 0.1% -2.0%, and the balance is aluminum oxide;
the catalyst is prepared by the following preparation method:
1) preparing a colloidal solution containing active metal by using a first auxiliary agent, a copper precursor, a part of nickel precursor, nitric acid and citric acid, then kneading and extruding the colloidal solution with pseudo-boehmite powder for strip forming, and then drying and roasting the kneaded product to prepare a carrier containing the nickel-copper active component;
2) preparing a second auxiliary agent and a nickel precursor into an impregnation solution, impregnating the impregnation solution into the carrier obtained in the step 1) in an equal volume, and drying and roasting the impregnated carrier to obtain the nickel-based catalyst;
wherein the precursor of the loaded nickel in the carrier preparation process in the step 1) accounts for 25-40% of the total active metal nickel oxide of the catalyst, and the precursor of the impregnated loaded nickel in the step 2) accounts for 60-75% of the total active metal nickel oxide of the catalyst.
In the catalyst of the present invention, the specific surface area of the carrier is preferably 300-400m2Per g, pore volume of 0.65-0.85cm3(ii)/g, the average pore diameter is 5-12 nm.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the catalyst is 150-300m2Per g, pore volume of 0.55-0.70cm3(ii)/g, the average pore diameter is 5-12 nm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the catalyst, which adopts a method of pre-loading part of active metal and isovolumetric impregnation, namely, pre-loading 25-40% of nickel precursor and 100% of copper precursor in the preparation process of the carrier, and then isovolumetric impregnation loading 60-75% of nickel precursor. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a colloidal solution containing active metal by using a first auxiliary agent, a copper precursor, a part of nickel precursor, nitric acid and citric acid, then kneading and extruding the colloidal solution with pseudo-boehmite powder for strip forming, and then drying and roasting the kneaded product to prepare a carrier containing the nickel-copper active component;
2) preparing a second auxiliary agent and a nickel precursor into an impregnation solution, impregnating the impregnation solution into the carrier obtained in the step 1) in an equal volume, and drying and roasting the impregnated carrier to obtain the nickel-based catalyst;
wherein the precursor of the loaded nickel in the carrier preparation process in the step 1) accounts for 25-40% of the total active metal nickel oxide of the catalyst, and the precursor of the impregnated loaded nickel in the step 2) accounts for 60-75% of the total active metal nickel oxide of the catalyst.
In the method of the present invention, the preparation of the active metal-containing glue solution in step 1) is preferably: the first auxiliary agent, the copper precursor and part of the nickel precursor are sequentially added into deionized water at the temperature of 20-60 ℃ for dissolution, and then nitric acid and citric acid are added for dissolution to obtain the copper-nickel alloy.
In the method, in the step 1), during the process of kneading and extruding the carrier into strips, the extrusion aid is added according to actual needs, and the method adopts the following proportion, wherein the mass ratio of the pseudo-boehmite powder, the sesbania powder, the nitric acid and the citric acid is 100: 3-10: 2-10: 2-10 percent, and the concentration of the nitric acid is 3-20 percent. The forming mode adopts double screw rod extrusion forming, and the carrier is in a spherical shape, a quincuncial shape, a strip shape, a clover shape or a clover shape.
In the method, the carrier drying temperature in the step 1) is 70-150 ℃, preferably 90-120 ℃, and the drying time is 3-20h, preferably 4-8 h; the roasting temperature is 450-700 ℃, preferably 450-600 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-10h, preferably 3-8 h. Preferably, the carrier is air dried at room temperature for 3-30h before drying.
In the method, the isovolumetric impregnation method in the step 2) is as follows: uniformly spraying the impregnation liquid on the carrier, curing for 3-10h, and airing at room temperature for 3-20 h.
In the method, the drying temperature of the catalyst in the step 2) is 70-150 ℃, preferably 90-120 ℃, and the drying time is 3-20h, preferably 4-8 h; the roasting temperature is 300-600 ℃, preferably 400-550 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-10h, preferably 3-8 h.
The catalyst is applied to the preparation of succinic anhydride by the liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation of the maleic anhydride fixed bed reaction. Under the condition of a solvent, mixing a maleic anhydride solution with hydrogen, and then reacting through a fixed bed reactor filled with a catalyst, wherein the solvent is one of gamma-butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, 1, 4-dioxane, acetic anhydride and toluene. The application conditions of the catalyst are as follows: the concentration of the maleic anhydride is 5 to 40 percent, the reaction pressure is 0.5 to 3.0MPa, the reaction temperature is 50 to 180 ℃, and the hourly space velocity of the reaction liquid is 0.5 to 2.0h-1The hydrogen-oil ratio is 300-1000.
In the application of the catalyst for preparing the succinic anhydride by the maleic anhydride liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation, the catalyst is reduced before use, the reduction needs to be carried out in the mixed atmosphere of hydrogen and inert gas, the reduction temperature is 250-550 ℃, the preferred temperature is 250-450 ℃, the reduction time is 3-30h, the preferred time is 3-6h, the reduction pressure is 0.1-2.0MPa, and the volume space velocity is 300-1500h-1。
Compared with the prior art, the catalyst for preparing succinic anhydride by maleic anhydride liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages:
1. the traditional method for preparing the high-activity hydrogenation catalyst needs higher active metal component content, and the catalyst obtained by one-time impregnation usually has lower active metal component content due to limited water absorption of the carrier. In the invention, part of active metal is introduced in the carrier forming process to obtain the carrier containing the active metal, and the pore structure of the carrier is adjusted by the active metal, so that the water absorption of the carrier is improved, the content of the active metal component impregnated at one time is increased, and the catalyst with higher active metal component can be obtained.
2. The introduction of the first auxiliary agent in the carrier leads the C ═ O bond adsorption active site or hydrogenation active site in the maleic anhydride molecule to be passivated, thereby avoiding or reducing the generation of maleic anhydride deep hydrogenation products.
3. The introduction of copper in the catalyst reduces the strong interaction force between the carrier and nickel, reduces the reduction temperature of nickel oxide and improves the reduction degree of the active component nickel in the catalyst.
4. The introduction of the second auxiliary agent in the catalyst has the function of dispersing the active metal component, so that the active component is prevented from being aggregated in the roasting and reducing processes, a proper interaction force is kept between the active metal and the carrier, the interaction force between the surface of the catalyst and succinic anhydride is reduced, the generated succinic anhydride can be rapidly desorbed, the hydrogenation reaction rate is accelerated, and deep hydrogenation or the generation of other byproducts for covering hydrogenation activity sites on the surface of the catalyst or blocking pore channels is avoided.
5. The catalyst has the characteristics of simple preparation process, easy industrial production, capability of treating materials with higher concentration and high airspeed, wider reaction temperature range, high activity, high selectivity and high stability.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1
1. Preparing 190ml of active metal colloid solution by adding water into 38.9g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate, 12.1g of copper nitrate trihydrate, 2.2g of potassium nitrate, 4.7g of citric acid and 5.5g of nitric acid, weighing 156g of pseudo-boehmite in dry basis weight and 6.2g of sesbania powder, uniformly mixing, adding the active metal colloid solution, kneading, extruding and dicing to obtain a wet carrier; and (3) curing the wet carrier for 12h, drying the wet carrier in a drying oven at 120 ℃ for 4h, and finally roasting the wet carrier in a muffle furnace at a constant temperature of 500 ℃ for 4h to obtain the carrier containing the nickel-copper active component.
2. Adding water into 116.8g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate and 2.7g of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate to prepare impregnation liquid, uniformly spraying the impregnation liquid onto the carrier by an isometric method, naturally drying the impregnation liquid, drying the impregnation liquid in an oven at 120 ℃ for 4 hours, and finally roasting the impregnation liquid in a muffle furnace at the constant temperature of 400 ℃ for 4 hours.
3. At 80% H2Under the mixed atmosphere of/Ar, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the space velocity of hydrogen is 500h-1Reducing at 400 deg.C for 4h, cooling to room temperature, and emptyingAnd (5) passivating the gas to obtain a catalyst CAT-1.
Example 2
1. Adding water into 54.5g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate, 24.3g of copper nitrate trihydrate, 12.7g of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 4.7g of citric acid and 5.5g of nitric acid to prepare 172ml of active metal colloid solution, weighing 140g of pseudo-boehmite in dry weight, uniformly mixing with 6.2g of sesbania powder, adding the active metal colloid solution, kneading, extruding into strips and dicing to obtain a wet carrier; and (3) curing the wet carrier for 12h, drying the wet carrier in a drying oven at 120 ℃ for 4h, and finally roasting the wet carrier in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 4h at constant temperature to obtain the carrier containing the nickel-copper active component.
2. Adding water into 140.1g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate and 2.5g of cerium nitrate hexahydrate to prepare a steeping fluid, uniformly spraying the steeping fluid onto the carrier by an isometric method, naturally airing, drying in an oven at 120 ℃ for 4 hours, and finally roasting in a muffle furnace at the constant temperature of 400 ℃ for 4 hours.
3. At 80% H2Under the mixed atmosphere of/Ar, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the space velocity of hydrogen is 500h-1Reducing for 4h at 400 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and then carrying out air passivation to obtain the catalyst CAT-2.
Example 3
1. Adding water into 54.5g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate, 24.3g of copper nitrate trihydrate, 8.4g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 4.7g of citric acid and 5.5g of nitric acid to prepare 172ml of active metal colloid solution, weighing 140g of pseudo-boehmite in dry weight, uniformly mixing with 6.2g of sesbania powder, adding the active metal colloid solution, kneading, extruding into strips and dicing to obtain a wet carrier; and (3) curing the wet carrier for 12h, drying the wet carrier in a drying oven at 120 ℃ for 4h, and finally roasting the wet carrier in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 4h at constant temperature to obtain the carrier containing the nickel-copper active component.
2. Adding water into 140.1g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate, 1.3g of cerium nitrate hexahydrate and 1.4g of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate to prepare impregnation liquid, uniformly spraying the impregnation liquid onto the carrier by an isometric method, naturally airing, drying in an oven at 120 ℃ for 4 hours, and finally placing in a muffle furnace for constant-temperature roasting at 400 ℃ for 4 hours.
3. At 80% H2Under the mixed atmosphere of/Ar, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the space velocity of hydrogen is 500h-1Reducing at 400 deg.C for 4 hr, cooling to room temperature, and air-inactivatingThe catalyst CAT-3 is obtained by chemical reaction.
Example 4
1. Preparing 172ml of active metal colloid solution by adding water into 54.5g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate, 24.3g of copper nitrate trihydrate, 6.4g of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 4.2g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 4.7g of citric acid and 5.5g of nitric acid, weighing 140g of pseudo-boehmite in dry weight, uniformly mixing with 6.2g of sesbania powder, adding the active metal colloid solution, kneading, extruding and granulating to obtain a wet carrier; and (3) curing the wet carrier for 12h, drying the wet carrier in a drying oven at 120 ℃ for 4h, and finally roasting the wet carrier in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 4h at constant temperature to obtain the carrier containing the nickel-copper active component.
2. Adding water into 140.1g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate, 1.3g of cerium nitrate hexahydrate and 1.4g of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate to prepare impregnation liquid, uniformly spraying the impregnation liquid onto the carrier by an isometric method, naturally airing, drying in an oven at 120 ℃ for 4 hours, and finally placing in a muffle furnace for constant-temperature roasting at 400 ℃ for 4 hours.
3. At 80% H2Under the mixed atmosphere of/Ar, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the space velocity of hydrogen is 500h-1Reducing for 4h at 400 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and then carrying out air passivation to obtain the catalyst CAT-4.
Comparative example 1
1. Preparing 172ml of active metal colloid solution by adding water into 54.5g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate, 24.3g of copper nitrate trihydrate, 4.7g of citric acid and 5.5g of nitric acid, weighing 140g of pseudo-boehmite in dry weight and 6.2g of sesbania powder, uniformly mixing, adding the active metal colloid solution, kneading, extruding and dicing to obtain a wet carrier; and (3) curing the wet carrier for 12h, drying the wet carrier in a drying oven at 120 ℃ for 4h, and finally roasting the wet carrier in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 4h at constant temperature to obtain the carrier containing the nickel-copper active component.
2. Adding water into 140.1g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate to prepare an impregnation liquid, uniformly spraying the impregnation liquid onto the carrier by an isometric method, naturally drying the impregnation liquid, drying the impregnation liquid in an oven at 120 ℃ for 4 hours, and finally placing the impregnation liquid in a muffle furnace for constant-temperature roasting at 400 ℃ for 4 hours.
3. At 80% H2Under the mixed atmosphere of/Ar, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the space velocity of hydrogen is 500h-1Reducing for 4h at 400 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and then passivating in air to obtain the catalyst L-1.
Comparative example 2
1. Preparing 172ml of active metal colloid solution by adding water into 54.5g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate, 24.3g of copper nitrate trihydrate, 2.2g of potassium nitrate, 4.7g of citric acid and 5.5g of nitric acid, weighing 140g of pseudo-boehmite in dry weight, uniformly mixing with 6.2g of sesbania powder, adding the active metal colloid solution, kneading, extruding and dicing to obtain a wet carrier; and (3) curing the wet carrier for 12h, drying the wet carrier in a drying oven at 120 ℃ for 4h, and finally roasting the wet carrier in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 4h at constant temperature to obtain the carrier containing the nickel-copper active component.
2. Adding water into 140.1g of nickel nitrate hexahydrate to prepare an impregnation liquid, uniformly spraying the impregnation liquid onto the carrier by an isometric method, naturally drying the impregnation liquid, drying the impregnation liquid in an oven at 120 ℃ for 4 hours, and finally placing the impregnation liquid in a muffle furnace for constant-temperature roasting at 400 ℃ for 4 hours.
3. At 80% H2Under the mixed atmosphere of/Ar, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the space velocity of hydrogen is 500h-1Reducing for 4h at 400 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and then carrying out air passivation to obtain the catalyst L-2.
The catalyst is applied to the preparation of succinic anhydride by liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation in a fixed bed reaction. The reaction raw material was a γ -butyrolactone solution having a maleic anhydride concentration of 30%, and the catalyst evaluation results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 evaluation results of examples and comparative examples
From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that under these reaction conditions, the maleic anhydride conversion was > 99.8% and the succinic anhydride selectivity was > 99.5% using the catalysts of examples 1-4. With the catalysts of comparative examples 1-2, both the maleic anhydride conversion and the succinic anhydride selectivity were reduced.
Claims (10)
1. A non-noble metal catalyst for preparing succinic anhydride by maleic anhydride liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation is characterized in that the catalyst consists of active components of nickel, copper, a first aid, a second aid and a carrier, wherein the first aid is at least one of IA group or IIA group, and the second aid is at least one of lanthanide; the catalyst comprises the following components in percentage by weight based on oxides and the total weight of the catalyst: the nickel oxide content is 20% -30%, the copper oxide content is 2% -5%, the first auxiliary agent content is 0.1% -5.0%, the second auxiliary agent content is 0.1% -2.0%, and the balance is aluminum oxide;
the catalyst is prepared by the following preparation method:
1) preparing a colloidal solution containing active metal by using a first auxiliary agent, a copper precursor, a part of nickel precursor, nitric acid and citric acid, then kneading and extruding the colloidal solution with pseudo-boehmite powder for strip forming, and then drying and roasting the kneaded product to prepare a carrier containing the nickel-copper active component;
2) preparing a second auxiliary agent and a nickel precursor into an impregnation solution, impregnating the impregnation solution into the carrier obtained in the step 1) in an equal volume, and drying and roasting the impregnated carrier to obtain the nickel-based catalyst;
wherein the precursor of the loaded nickel in the carrier preparation process in the step 1) accounts for 25-40% of the total active metal nickel oxide of the catalyst, and the precursor of the impregnated loaded nickel in the step 2) accounts for 60-75% of the total active metal nickel oxide of the catalyst.
2. A non-noble metal catalyst as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the support is 330-400m2Per g, pore volume of 0.65-0.85cm3(ii)/g, the average pore diameter is 5-12 nm.
3. A non-noble metal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific surface area of the catalyst is 150-300m2/g, the pore volume is 0.55-0.70cm3/g, and the average pore diameter is 5-12 nm.
4. A method for preparing a catalyst according to claim 1, comprising the steps of
1) Preparing a colloidal solution containing active metal by using a first auxiliary agent, a copper precursor, a part of nickel precursor, nitric acid and citric acid, then kneading and extruding the colloidal solution with pseudo-boehmite powder for strip forming, and then drying and roasting the kneaded product to prepare a carrier containing the nickel-copper active component;
2) preparing a second auxiliary agent and a nickel precursor into an impregnation solution, impregnating the impregnation solution into the carrier obtained in the step 1) in an equal volume, and drying and roasting the impregnated carrier to obtain the nickel-based catalyst;
wherein the precursor of the loaded nickel in the carrier preparation process in the step 1) accounts for 25-40% of the total active metal nickel oxide of the catalyst, and the precursor of the impregnated loaded nickel in the step 2) accounts for 60-75% of the total active metal nickel oxide of the catalyst.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein in the kneading and molding process in the step 1), the mass ratio of the pseudo-boehmite powder, the sesbania powder, the nitric acid and the citric acid is 100: 3-10: 2-10: 2-10 percent, and the concentration of the nitric acid is 3-20 percent.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the nickel precursor is at least one selected from nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel formate, nickel acetate, nickel oxalate and nickel citrate, the copper precursor is at least one selected from copper nitrate, copper chloride and copper sulfate, the first additive is at least one selected from K, Mg and Ca compounds, and the second additive is at least one selected from La and Ce compounds.
7. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the drying temperature of the carrier in step 1) is 70-150 ℃ and the drying time is 3-20 h; the roasting temperature is 450-700 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-10 h; in the step 2), the drying temperature of the catalyst is 70-150 ℃, and the drying time is 3-20 h; the roasting temperature is 350-600 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-10 h.
8. Use of a catalyst according to claims 1-3 in the liquid phase continuous hydrogenation of maleic anhydride in a fixed bed reaction to produce succinic anhydride.
9. The use of claim 8, wherein the maleic anhydride solution is mixed with hydrogen in the presence of a solvent, and then the mixture is passed through a fixed bed reactor filled with a catalyst to perform the reaction, wherein the solvent is one of gamma-butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, 1, 4-dioxane, acetic anhydride and toluene.
10. The use of claim 8, wherein the process conditions for preparing succinic anhydride by liquid-phase continuous hydrogenation in fixed bed reaction are as follows: the concentration of the maleic anhydride is 5 to 40 percent, the reaction pressure is 0.5 to 3.0MPa, the reaction temperature is 50 to 150 ℃, and the hourly space velocity of the reaction liquid is 0.5 to 2.0h < -1 >; before use, the catalyst needs to be reduced in a mixed atmosphere of hydrogen and inert gas, the reduction temperature is 250-550 ℃, the reduction time is 3-30h, the reduction pressure is 0.1-2.0MPa, and the volume space velocity is 300-1500h-1。
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