CN114288868A - Braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, a diluent and a pore-foaming agent to obtain a membrane casting solution; heating and stirring the casting solution to form a homogeneous casting solution, and standing for defoaming; extruding the defoamed homogeneous membrane casting solution and the braided tube through a spinning jet, coating the membrane casting solution on the braided tube, and then carrying out phase separation on the membrane casting solution in a coagulating bath to form a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane; extracting the diluent and the pore-forming agent in the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane by using an extracting agent; the invention adopts the green nontoxic harmless diluent and the water-soluble macromolecule pore-foaming agent, thereby reducing the pollution of the film preparation process to the environment; the preparation process is simplified, the braided tube is not required to be pretreated, and the high-performance braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane can be obtained directly through braiding, coating and phase inversion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of membrane separation, and particularly relates to a braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, polyvinylidene fluoride membranes have attracted considerable attention due to their significant advantages over other polymeric membranes, such as corrosion resistance, aging resistance, and considerable heat resistance. A plurality of techniques are used for manufacturing polyvinylidene fluoride membranes, for example, the appearance of braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membranes provides a new way for improving the mechanical properties of the hollow fiber membranes by the traditional solution spinning method.
The thermally induced phase separation method is one of the most useful techniques for preparing a polymer porous membrane by controlling phase separation. In contrast to a non-solvent induced phase separation method, which is a ternary system (polymer, solvent and non-solvent), a thermally induced phase separation method is generally a binary system consisting of a polymer and a solvent. Thus, in the preparation of polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membranes, the thermally induced phase separation method has great advantages and is extremely unlikely to form defects, which is crucial in most membrane applications.
While film technology is widely recognized as a green process, the film manufacturing process itself is non-green and sustainable. For example, membranes are prepared using non-solvent induced phase separation methods, typically using large amounts of hazardous solvents such as DMF, NMP, DMAc, and the like. Similarly, the thermally induced phase separation method also generally uses toxic DOP, DBP, DEP, and the like. Such solvents are considered to be highly ecotoxic because they can bioaccumulate. For example, patent publication nos. CN107224882A and CN104888621A disclose a woven tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane and a method for preparing the same, but DMAc is used as a solvent, and causes great pollution to the environment during membrane preparation. Environmental regulations around the world, especially those in our country, are becoming more and more stringent and such solvents need to be replaced by greener alternatives. Therefore, recent membrane research has focused on developing greener alternatives to produce high performance polymer membranes or on extracting toxic solvents after membrane preparation. It is noteworthy that thermotropic phase processes offer broader solvent selectivity despite their more stringent solvent criteria. Several promising thermally induced phase separation solvents have therefore been selected, which are not hazardous to humans and the environment, since they are commonly used as plasticizers for pharmaceutical coatings and food packaging. In addition, these solvents are more environmentally friendly than solvents such as DMAc, DMF, etc., and more importantly, they are not miscible with water. Therefore, the solvent satisfies all necessary requirements for preparing a microporous hollow fiber membrane as a solvent for a thermal phase method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention firstly aims to provide a preparation method of a braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane. Namely, the invention adopts a thermal phase separation method, which is a method for preparing microporous films by phase separation caused by temperature change. Thermally induced phase separation generally involves the following processes: mixing the polymer with a diluent and a pore-forming agent at a temperature above the melting point to form a homogeneous membrane casting solution, cooling to separate the homogeneous membrane casting solution from the homogeneous membrane casting solution, and extracting the diluent and the pore-forming agent by using an extracting agent to finally form the microporous hollow fiber membrane.
It is a secondary object of the present invention to provide the above-described woven tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
In order to achieve the above primary object, the solution of the present invention is:
a preparation method of a braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, a diluent and a pore-foaming agent to obtain a membrane casting solution;
(2) heating and stirring the casting solution to form a homogeneous casting solution, and standing for defoaming;
(3) extruding the defoamed homogeneous membrane casting solution and the braided tube through a spinning jet to coat the homogeneous membrane casting solution on the braided tube, and then separating the homogeneous membrane casting solution in a coagulating bath to form a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane;
(4) and (3) extracting the diluent and the pore-forming agent in the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane obtained in the step (3) by using an extracting agent to obtain the braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step (1), the content of the polyvinylidene fluoride is 20-50 wt%, the content of the diluent is 50-80 wt%, and the content of the pore-forming agent is 5-20 wt%.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the diluent is at least one selected from the group consisting of acetyl tributyl citrate (CAS: 77-90-7), tributyl citrate (CAS: 77-94-1), epoxidized soybean oil (CAS: 8013-07-8) and triacetin.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the porogen is selected from one or more of polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the temperature for heating and stirring is 170-200 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the time for standing and defoaming is 30 to 90 min.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the braided tube is braided by two-dimensional polyester fiber, and the inner diameter of the braided tube is 1.5mm and the outer diameter is 1.8 mm.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the homogeneous casting solution and the woven tube are extruded through a spinneret, and the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane is solidified in distilled water with the height of an air bath of 5-20cm and the temperature of a coagulation bath of 0-25 ℃.
In the step (4), the extractant of the diluent is absolute ethyl alcohol; the extractant of the pore-foaming agent is distilled water.
To achieve the above secondary object, the solution of the present invention is:
a braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane is prepared by the preparation method.
Preferably, the burst strength of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane is 0.4-1MPa, and the porosity is 50-80 percent, and the water flux is 350L/(m) of 100-2H).
Due to the adoption of the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the invention utilizes a thermal phase separation method, adopts a green nontoxic harmless diluent and a water-soluble macromolecule pore-forming agent, and regulates and controls the phase separation rate in the film forming process through the content of the diluent and the pore-forming agent and the change of the temperature of a coagulating bath, thereby optimizing the pore structure and enabling the membrane flux to be 10L/(m) from the original membrane flux2H) to about 300L/(m)2H), the improvement is one order of magnitude, and the pollution of the film preparation process to the environment is reduced.
Secondly, the invention uses the principle of chemical fiber skin/core spinning and adopts a concentric circular spinning technology for reference, simplifies the preparation process, does not need to carry out pretreatment on the braided tube, and can directly obtain the high-performance braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane through braiding, coating and phase inversion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of the surface of a braided tube used in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional electron microscope image of a braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an electron microscope image of the outer surface of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an electron microscope image of the inner surface of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane and a preparation method thereof.
< preparation method of braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane >
The preparation method of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, a green diluent and a pore-foaming agent in a three-neck flask to prepare a membrane casting solution;
(2) heating and stirring the casting solution to form a homogeneous casting solution, and standing for defoaming;
(3) extruding the defoamed homogeneous membrane casting solution and the braided tube through a spinning jet to coat the homogeneous membrane casting solution on the braided tube, and then separating the homogeneous membrane casting solution in a coagulating bath to form a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane;
(4) and (3) extracting the diluent and the pore-forming agent in the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane obtained in the step (3) by using an extracting agent to obtain the braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
In the step (1), the mass fractions of the polyvinylidene fluoride, the green diluent and the pore-forming agent are respectively 20-50 wt%, 50-80 wt% and 5-20 wt%, and the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100 wt%.
In the step (1), the diluent is selected from more than one of acetyl tributyl citrate (CAS: 77-90-7), tributyl citrate (CAS: 77-94-1), epoxidized soybean oil (CAS: 8013-07-8) and glycerol triacetate.
In the step (1), the porogen is selected from one or more of polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol.
In the step (2), the temperature for heating and stirring is 170-200 ℃.
In the step (2), standing and defoaming are carried out for 30-90 min.
In the step (3), the braided tube is formed by braiding two-dimensional polyester fibers, the inner diameter of the braided tube is 1.5mm, and the outer diameter of the braided tube is 1.8 mm.
In the step (3), the homogeneous phase membrane casting solution and the woven tube are extruded by a spinning jet, and the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane is solidified in distilled water with the height of an air bath of 5-20cm and the temperature of a solidification bath of 0-25 ℃.
In the step (4), the extractant of the diluent is absolute ethyl alcohol; the extractant of the pore-foaming agent is distilled water.
< braided tube-reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane >
The braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane is prepared by the preparation method.
Wherein, the braided tube is enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollowThe burst strength of the fiber membrane is 0.4-1MPa, the porosity is 50-80%, and the water flux is 100-350L/(m)2·h)。
The following will explain the preparation method of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific examples, which are only used to further explain the present invention in detail and do not limit the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Example 1:
the preparation method of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, acetyl tributyl citrate and polyethylene oxide in a three-neck flask to prepare a casting solution, wherein the mass fractions of the polyvinylidene fluoride, the acetyl tributyl citrate and the polyethylene oxide are respectively 20 wt%, 70 wt% and 10 wt%.
(2) Heating the casting solution obtained in the step (1) to 170 ℃ in an oil bath, stirring for 2h to form a homogeneous casting solution, and standing for 30min for defoaming.
(3) And (3) extruding the homogeneous membrane casting solution obtained in the step (2) and the braided tube through a spinning jet to uniformly coat the membrane casting solution on the braided tube, and then separating the membrane casting solution through a 5cm air bath and a 20 ℃ water bath to form the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
(4) And (3) extracting acetyl tributyl citrate and polyethylene oxide in the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared in the step (3) by using absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and finally forming the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
The pure water flux of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared by the embodiment is 215.9L/(m) under the pressure of 0.1MPa2H) porosity of 65% and burst strength of 0.5 MPa.
Fig. 1 is an electron microscope image of a braided tube of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared in this example, and the lines braided by polyester fibers can be seen; fig. 2 is a cross-sectional electron microscope image of the reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane of the braided tube prepared in this example, which shows that the polyvinylidene fluoride casting solution is uniformly coated on the surface of the braided tube. Fig. 3 is an electron microscope image of the surface of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared in this example, and it can be seen that obvious dissolution holes are formed on the membrane surface. Fig. 4 is an internal surface electron microscope image of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared in this embodiment, which shows that the binding force between the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane and the braided tube is good, and clear lines of the braided tube are printed on the membrane.
Example 2:
the preparation method of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, acetyl tributyl citrate and polyethylene oxide in a three-neck flask to prepare a casting solution, wherein the mass fractions of the polyvinylidene fluoride, the acetyl tributyl citrate and the polyethylene oxide are respectively 20 wt%, 60 wt% and 20 wt%.
(2) Heating the casting solution obtained in the step (1) to 180 ℃ in an oil bath, stirring for 2 hours to form a homogeneous casting solution, and standing for 1 hour for defoaming.
(3) And (3) extruding the homogeneous membrane casting solution obtained in the step (2) and the braided tube through a spinning jet to uniformly coat the membrane casting solution on the braided tube, and then separating the membrane casting solution through a 5cm air bath and a 10 ℃ water bath to form the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
(4) And (3) extracting acetyl tributyl citrate and polyethylene oxide in the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared in the step (3) by using absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and finally forming the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
The pure water flux of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared by the embodiment is 274.8L/(m) under the pressure of 0.1MPa2H) porosity of 72% and burst strength of 0.6 MPa.
Example 3:
the preparation method of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, glycerol triacetate and polyethylene oxide in a three-neck flask to prepare a membrane casting solution, wherein the mass fractions of the polyvinylidene fluoride, the glycerol triacetate and the polyethylene oxide are respectively 30 wt%, 60 wt% and 10 wt%.
(2) Heating the casting solution obtained in the step (1) to 200 ℃ in an oil bath, stirring for 2 hours to form a homogeneous casting solution, and standing for 1 hour for defoaming.
(3) And (3) extruding the homogeneous membrane casting solution obtained in the step (2) and the braided tube through a spinning jet to uniformly coat the membrane casting solution on the braided tube, and then separating the membrane casting solution through a 10cm air bath and a 20 ℃ water bath to form the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
(4) And (3) extracting triacetin and polyethylene oxide in the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared in the step (3) by using absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and finally forming the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
The pure water flux of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared by the embodiment is 153.6L/(m) measured under the pressure of 0.1MPa2H) porosity of 57% and burst strength of 0.7 MPa.
Example 4:
the preparation method of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, glycerol triacetate and polyethylene oxide in a three-neck flask to prepare a membrane casting solution, wherein the mass fractions of the polyvinylidene fluoride, the glycerol triacetate and the polyethylene oxide are respectively 20 wt%, 65 wt% and 15 wt%.
(2) Heating the casting solution obtained in the step (1) to 170 ℃ in an oil bath, stirring for 2h to form a homogeneous casting solution, and standing for 45min for defoaming.
(3) And (3) extruding the homogeneous membrane casting solution obtained in the step (2) and the braided tube through a spinning jet to uniformly coat the membrane casting solution on the braided tube, and then separating the membrane casting solution through a 5cm air bath and a 20 ℃ water bath to form the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
(4) And (3) extracting triacetin and polyethylene oxide in the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared in the step (3) by using absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and finally forming the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
The pure water flux of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared in the embodiment is 203.1L/(m) under the pressure of 0.1MPa2H) porosity of 61% and burst strength of 0.4 MPa.
Example 5:
the preparation method of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, epoxidized soybean oil and polyethylene glycol in a three-neck flask to prepare a membrane casting solution, wherein the mass fractions of the polyvinylidene fluoride, the epoxidized soybean oil and the polyethylene glycol are respectively 20 wt%, 70 wt% and 10 wt%.
(2) Heating the casting solution obtained in the step (1) to 200 ℃ in an oil bath, stirring for 2 hours to form a homogeneous casting solution, and standing for 1 hour for defoaming.
(3) And (3) extruding the homogeneous membrane casting solution obtained in the step (2) and the braided tube through a spinning jet to uniformly coat the membrane casting solution on the braided tube, and then separating the membrane casting solution through a 15cm air bath and a 10 ℃ water bath to form the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
(4) And (3) extracting the epoxidized soybean oil and the polyethylene glycol in the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared in the step (3) by using absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and finally forming the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
The pure water flux of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane prepared by the embodiment is 172.5L/(m) under the pressure of 0.1MPa2H) porosity of 60% and burst strength of 0.5 MPa.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane is characterized by comprising the following steps: which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, a diluent and a pore-foaming agent to obtain a membrane casting solution;
(2) heating and stirring the casting solution to form a homogeneous casting solution, and standing for defoaming;
(3) extruding the defoamed homogeneous membrane casting solution and the braided tube through a spinning jet to coat the homogeneous membrane casting solution on the braided tube, and then separating the homogeneous membrane casting solution in a coagulating bath to form a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane;
(4) and (3) extracting the diluent and the pore-forming agent in the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane in the step (3) by using an extracting agent to obtain the braided tube enhanced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane.
2. The method for preparing the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the content of the polyvinylidene fluoride is 20-50 wt%, the content of the diluent is 50-80 wt%, and the content of the pore-forming agent is 5-20 wt%.
3. The method for preparing the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the diluent is selected from more than one of acetyl tributyl citrate, epoxidized soybean oil and glycerol triacetate.
4. The method for preparing the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the pore-forming agent is selected from one or more of polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol.
5. The method for preparing the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the temperature for heating and stirring is 170-200 ℃.
6. The method for preparing the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the standing and defoaming time is 30-90 min.
7. The method for preparing the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the braided tube is formed by braiding two-dimensional polyester fibers, the inner diameter of the braided tube is 1.5mm, and the outer diameter of the braided tube is 1.8 mm.
8. The method for preparing the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) extruding the homogeneous phase membrane casting solution and the woven tube through a spinning nozzle, and solidifying the polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane in distilled water with the height of an air bath of 5-20cm and the solidification bath temperature of 0-25 ℃.
9. The method for preparing the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (4), an extracting agent of the diluent is absolute ethyl alcohol; the extractant of the pore-foaming agent is distilled water.
10. The utility model provides a weave pipe enhancement mode polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane which characterized in that: which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9;
preferably, the burst strength of the braided tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane is 0.4-1MPa, the porosity is 50-80%, and the water flux is 100-2·h)。
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| CN115430295A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2022-12-06 | 上海工程技术大学 | Preparation method of composite enhanced polypropylene hollow fiber microporous membrane |
| CN117065578A (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-11-17 | 沧州市天津工业大学研究院 | Preparation method of woven tube reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane |
| CN117379996A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2024-01-12 | 江苏赛诺膜分离科技有限公司 | Reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane and preparation method thereof |
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