CN114285493A - Optical fiber information common transmission optimization system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization system which comprises a transformer substation side and a tower side, wherein the transformer substation side comprises a laser light source, the tower side comprises a junction box connected with the laser light source optical fiber of the transformer substation side and one or more sensor nodes connected with the junction box optical fiber, and a light splitter, a wavelength division multiplexer, a photocell, a super capacitor and a node central processing chip are arranged on the junction box and/or the sensor nodes; when a plurality of first-class sensors and/or second-class sensors are installed on each sensor node, the capacity value of the super capacitor is selected according to the characteristic coefficient of the sensor, the photocell, the super capacitor and the sensor nodes are effectively combined, and the power utilization requirement of the power utilization side in the optical fiber communication and common transmission process is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power cables, and particularly relates to an optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization system.
Background
An information acquisition and information transmission technology based on an electronic technology is a main technical means of a current internet of things terminal layer; the optical fiber communication system has the advantages of low unit loss, long transmission distance, strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, simple laying and networking, safe and reliable communication data and the like, can meet the requirement of remote communication in a complex electromagnetic environment to a greater extent, and is suitable for monitoring application in various environments. However, due to the limitation of factors such as energy supply, a series of inconveniences are caused by the common energy supply problem of the electronic terminal in special environments such as overhead transmission lines and underground pipe galleries, potential safety risks exist, the operation of a monitoring system can be influenced, and the safe and effective operation of a power grid system is further damaged. Monitoring and control far-end node side energy supply mode mainly includes among the current electric power thing networking: 1) power line remote energy transmission, 2) local energy collection such as solar cell panel and electromagnetic induction. The power line remote energy transmission is difficult to apply in the long-distance environments such as overhead and underground pipe gallery due to the defects of difficult construction and the like; the solar cell panel has strict requirements on natural environment, meteorological conditions and the like, especially energy supply cannot be realized in rainy, icy and snowy severe weather, and electromagnetic induction type energy supply modes such as magnetic resonance have the defects of limited power supply distance, short-circuit discharge in high-voltage electricity taking and the like. Therefore, monitoring and controlling the effective energy supply at the remote node side in the power internet of things is an important technical problem.
In recent years, as shown in fig. 1, an optical fiber has been developed to transmit energy from a step-index distribution fiber to a complex-index distribution fiber, from pure light transmission to sensing of various physical quantities, as an important branch of modern optics. The optical fiber energy transmission technology can realize the optical fiber supply of the far-end node of the optical communication network, realize the common transmission of energy and information, effectively meet the requirement of quick layout of the communication network in the field complex environment, and have important application value.
The optical fiber energy transmission technology is a photoelectric conversion process for directly converting optical energy into electric energy through a photovoltaic effect, and aims to convert laser energy transmitted from a far end into electric energy as much as possible and output the electric energy to a sensor terminal for use. Due to the development of power system automation and smart grids, real-time monitoring of medium-high voltage transmission lines and power equipment becomes more and more important, and the application of intelligent electronic equipment and monitoring sensors in power transmission equipment is increasingly wide. In order to accurately monitor various physical quantities of electrical equipment, a large number of sensor nodes of various types are densely distributed in an area to be measured. Based on the specific practice that different types of sensors have obvious difference in power consumption, the sensors can reduce the power consumption by adjusting the sampling rate and the sleep mode according to the application needs and the perception phenomenon. The power consumption for processing data at this time includes power consumption due to transistor switching and/or energy loss due to leakage current. Thus, different sensor types collect and process data of different sizes and types, so that different nodes have different rates of energy loss and different energy demands, and the same energy is used for different times by different sensors.
Therefore, it is necessary to research how the energy transmitted from the substation side in the existing optical fiber communication process can effectively meet the power demand of the sensor node.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization system which effectively combines a photocell, a super capacitor and a sensor node, so that energy transmitted from a storage substation side is stored through the super capacitor, and the power consumption requirement of the sensor node in the optical fiber communication and common transmission process is met.
The embodiment of the invention provides an optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization system which comprises a transformer substation side and a tower side, wherein the transformer substation side comprises a laser light source, the tower side comprises a junction box connected with the laser light source optical fiber of the transformer substation side and one or more sensor nodes connected with the junction box optical fiber, and a light splitter, a wavelength division multiplexer, a photocell, a super capacitor and a node central processing chip are/is arranged on the junction box and/or the sensor nodes; setting optical fibers on the transformer station side, the pole tower side and between the transformer station side and the pole tower side to be common fibers of a laser energy signal and an information communication signal, wherein the energy light center wavelength of the laser energy signal is more than 1400 nanometers and is larger than the information light center wavelength of the information communication signal; when a plurality of first sensors and/or second sensors are installed on each sensor node, the capacity value of the super capacitor is selected according to sensor characteristics, wherein the characteristic coefficients of the sensors are set to be respectively corresponding to first characteristic coefficients and second characteristic coefficients of the first sensors and the second sensors according to a system analog analysis algorithm, and the second characteristic coefficient of the second sensor is larger than the first characteristic coefficient of the first sensor.
Preferably, the characteristic coefficient of the sensor is set to 2 to 5 according to a system simulation analysis algorithm.
Preferably, the junction box includes a splitter connected to the laser source fiber, the sensor node includes a wavelength division multiplexer connected to the splitter fiber, a photocell, a tower-side optical communication module, a node central processing chip, and a node sensor, the photocell is connected in parallel to the super capacitor and the node sensor, and the node sensor and the tower-side optical communication module are electrically connected to the node central processing chip.
Preferably, a plurality of micro watt power consumption sensors and/or milliwatt power consumption sensors are mounted on each sensor node.
Preferably, one or more sensors of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor and a wind speed sensor are installed at each sensor node.
Preferably, each sensor node is provided with one or more sensors selected from a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a camera and an image sensor.
Preferably, the characteristic coefficient of the sensor is a power consumption magnitude coefficient.
Preferably, the junction box comprises a wavelength division multiplexer, a photocell, a tower-side optical communication module, a node central processing chip and a light splitter, wherein one end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with a laser light source optical fiber on the side of the tower, and the other end of the wavelength division multiplexer is respectively connected with the photocell and the tower-side optical communication module optical fibers; and the photoelectric cell is connected with a super capacitor and a node central processing chip in parallel, and one or more sensor nodes are connected with the optical splitter through optical fibers.
Preferably, the sensing signal is obtained at the sensor node by analyzing data processing in an optical fiber.
Preferably, the photovoltaic cell is made of InP material which is lattice-matched with InGaAs; wherein the InP material is completely transparent to the laser with the energy light center wavelength of more than 1400 nanometers.
One or more technical solutions in the optical fiber information common transmission optimization system provided by the embodiment of the present invention at least have the following technical effects:
the sensor node splits received light energy and signals through a wavelength division multiplexer, the split light energy is stored in a photocell, the light energy stored in the photocell is converted into electric energy through a photoelectric conversion technology and is stored in a super capacitor, the capacity value of the super capacitor is selected based on the characteristic coefficient of the sensor, the photocell, the super capacitor and the sensor node are effectively combined, energy storage is carried out through the super capacitor, and the power consumption requirement of the power utilization side in the optical fiber energy communication common transmission process is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art optical fiber configuration;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a fiber-optic communication-sharing optimization system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of an optical fiber communication-sharing optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a charging and discharging local operation of a super capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a fiber-optic communication-sharing optimization system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a fiber-optic communication-sharing optimization system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of a fiber-optic communication-sharing optimization system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of an optical fiber communication-sharing optimization method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a structural block diagram of a laser power supply system capable of communicating with a common transmission fiber according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of a laser power supply method for an optical fiber capable of communicating with a common channel according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
10-substation side, 11-laser light source;
the system comprises a 20-pole tower side, a 21-junction box, a 211-optical splitter, a 22-sensor node, a 221-wavelength division multiplexer, a 222-photocell, a 223-super capacitor, a 224-pole side optical communication module, a 225-node sensor and a 226-node central processing chip.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
The invention provides an optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization system which comprises a transformer substation side and a tower side, wherein the transformer substation side comprises a laser light source, the tower side comprises a junction box connected with the laser light source optical fiber of the transformer substation side and one or more sensor nodes connected with the junction box optical fiber, and a light splitter, a wavelength division multiplexer, a photocell, a super capacitor and a node central processing chip are arranged on the junction box and/or the sensor nodes; setting optical fibers on the transformer station side, the pole tower side and between the transformer station side and the pole tower side to be common fibers of a laser energy signal and an information communication signal, wherein the energy light center wavelength of the laser energy signal is more than 1400 nanometers and is larger than the information light center wavelength of the information communication signal; when a plurality of first-type sensors and/or second-type sensors are installed on each sensor node, the capacity value of the super capacitor is selected according to the characteristic coefficients of the sensors, wherein the characteristic coefficients of the sensors are set to be respectively corresponding to the first-type sensors and the second-type sensors according to a system simulation analysis algorithm, and the second characteristic coefficient of the second-type sensor is larger than the first characteristic coefficient of the first-type sensor. The characteristic coefficient of the sensor is set to be 2-5 according to a system analog analysis algorithm, laser energy signals used for energy supply of each sensor node and information communication signals used for communication are transmitted in a fiber in one optical fiber, the two signals are mutually interfered, energy light used for energy supply fluctuates in a certain range, the capacity value of the super capacitor is selected based on the characteristic coefficient of the sensor, the photocell, the super capacitor and the sensor node are effectively combined, electric energy storage is carried out through the selected super capacitor, and the power consumption requirement of the sensor node in the optical fiber information common transmission process can be effectively met.
Example one
The optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization method provided by the embodiment is applied to an optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization system. As shown in fig. 2, the optical fiber communication common transmission optimization system includes a substation side 10 and a tower side 20. The transformer station side 10 is provided with a laser light source 11, and the pole tower side 20 is provided with a light splitter 211 connected with the laser light source 11 through optical fibers and a plurality of sensor nodes 22. Specifically, the optical splitter 211 is disposed in the junction box 21, and the laser energy signal and the information communication signal transmitted from the substation side 10 are distributed to the plurality of sensor nodes 22 through the optical splitter 211 as needed.
Further, each sensor node 22 is provided with a wavelength division multiplexer 221, a photocell 222, a super capacitor 223, a tower-side optical communication module 224, a node sensor 225 and a node central processing chip 226. The wavelength division multiplexer 221 is connected to the optical splitter 211 through an optical fiber, the wavelength division multiplexer 221 is respectively connected to the photocell 222 and the tower-side optical communication module 224 through optical fibers, the photocell 222 is connected to the super capacitor 223 and the node sensor 225 in parallel, and the node sensor 225 and the tower-side optical communication module 224 are electrically connected to a node central processing chip 226.
Wherein, the node sensor 225 is a micro watt level power consumption sensor. Specifically, the micro watt level power consumption sensor comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor and a wind speed sensor. In this embodiment, each of the sensor nodes 22 is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a wind speed sensor. It should be noted that in some other embodiments, one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor and a wind speed sensor are installed at each of the sensor nodes.
As shown in fig. 3, in the optical fiber communication and co-transmission optimization method provided by this embodiment, the optical fibers on the substation side 10, the tower side 20, and the optical fibers between the substation side 10 and the tower side 20 are configured to be the same as the laser energy signal and the information communication signal, so that the laser light source can be effectively converted by the photovoltaic cell through the combination of the optical fiber, the photovoltaic cell, and the super capacitor, and electric power meeting the power demand of the power utilization side can be obtained. Based on this, the invention is mainly suitable for the energy light center wavelength of the laser energy signal in the optical fiber is more than 1400 nanometers and is more than the information light center wavelength of the information communication signal in the optical fiber, and the optical fiber energy common transmission optimization method specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, arranging optical fibers on the transformer substation side, the pole tower side and between the transformer substation side and the pole tower side into a common optical fiber of a laser energy signal and an information communication signal, wherein the energy optical center wavelength of the laser energy signal is more than 1400 nanometers and is larger than the information optical center wavelength of the information communication signal;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the energy optical center wavelength of the laser energy signal in the optical fiber is 1400-1410 nm, 1410-1420 nm, 1420-1430 nm, 1440-1450 nm, 1450-1460 nm, 1460-1470 nm, 1470-1480 nm, 1490-1500 nm, 1510-1520 nm, 1530-1540 nm, 1550-1560 nm, 1560-1570 nm, 1570-1580 nm, 1580-1590 nm, 1590-1600 nm, 1610-1620 nm, 1620-1630 nm, 1630-1640 nm, 1640-1650 nm, 1650-1660 nm, 1660-1670 nm, 1670-1680 nm, 1680-1690 nm, 16890-1700 nm, etc., and the energy optical center wavelength of the laser energy signal in the optical fiber is set to match the nominal amount of the photocell and the supercapacitor.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is required to satisfy the common fiber transmission requirement of 5 km long-distance power supply and 5 km long-distance communication, for example, although the output energy is high when the light source with the 810 nm center wavelength is used for power supply, the transmission loss is larger as the transmission distance is longer, so that the scheme is not suitable for the power supply requirement with the transmission distance exceeding the km order. Meanwhile, the light source of 810 nm band as the energy supply source of the project cannot meet the requirement of energy and information transmission in one optical fiber, and an additional optical fiber is needed to be used as a communication optical fiber, because the energy transmission optical fiber for transmitting light of 810 nm band is a special multi-core optical fiber.
And adopt in this patent application transformer substation side 10, pole tower side 20 and transformer substation side 10 with the optic fibre between the pole tower side 20 sets up to laser energy signal and the single optic fibre of information communication signal common fibre, just the energy light center wavelength of laser energy signal is more than 1400 nanometers and is greater than information communication signal's information light center wavelength, and through with photocell 222 the ultracapacitor system 223 combines together, can realize 5 kilometers long-range energy supply and 5 kilometers long-range communication's common fibre transmission demand to satisfy the power consumption demand of each sensor node of pole tower side.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to be more suitable for transmitting energy over a long distance of 5 km or more, the energy optical center wavelength of the laser energy signal is preferably 1450 nm, and the information optical center wavelength of the information communication signal is preferably 1310 nm, which can satisfy both energy transmission and information transmission in an optical fiber, so that when the length of the power cable of the optical fiber is 5 km or more, the output electric power obtained through testing can satisfy the power consumption requirement of the power consumption side, that is, the power consumption requirement at a plurality of sensor nodes, according to the matching arrangement of the optical fiber, the photocell, and the super capacitor.
And S102, connecting the super capacitor and the node sensor in parallel with the photocell, wherein the node sensor and the tower side optical communication module are electrically connected to the node central processing chip.
And S103, transmitting the laser energy signal and the information communication signal which are divided by the optical splitter to the wavelength division multiplexer through an optical fiber.
And S104, distinguishing laser energy signals and information communication signals by the wavelength division multiplexer, and respectively transmitting the laser energy signals and the information communication signals to the photocell and the tower side optical communication module.
And S105, converting the light energy of the laser energy signal into electric energy by the photocell, and inputting the electric energy into the super capacitor.
And S106, intermittently supplying power to the sensor node by the super capacitor.
Wherein, the photocell converts the laser energy signal in the optical fiber into electric energy and outputs the electric energy to the super capacitor, when the super capacitor is in a charging state, the node sensor connected with the super capacitor in parallel is in a low power consumption mode, the electric energy converted by the photocell is transmitted to and stored in the super capacitor, the node sensor wakes up the node central processing chip to monitor the voltage at two ends of the super capacitor pin at preset time intervals in a low power consumption mode, when the voltage at two ends of the super capacitor is monitored to reach a discharge threshold value, the super capacitor is in a discharge state, the sensor node is in an operation mode at the moment, the node sensor simultaneously acquires energy from the super capacitor and the photocell, and after the operation mode is finished, the sensor node is in a low power consumption mode, and the super capacitor starts to charge.
Further, the partial operation circuit diagram of charging and discharging the super capacitor 223 is shown in fig. 4. The charging and discharging processes of the super capacitor 223 are as follows: the photocell 222, the super capacitor 223 and the node sensor 225 are connected in parallel, and the photocell 222 at the P1 converts energy light with the central wavelength of 1450 nm into electric energy to be output to the super capacitor 223 and the node sensor 225. When the super capacitor 223 is in a charging state, the node sensor 225 connected in parallel with the super capacitor 223 is in a low power consumption mode, in the low power consumption mode, the overall resistance of the node sensor 225 reaches the megaohm level, and only microampere current is needed to maintain the low power consumption mode, so most energy of the photocell 222 is transmitted and stored into the super capacitor 223. Meanwhile, the node sensor 225 wakes up the system at regular intervals to monitor the voltage at the two ends of the pin of the super capacitor 223 in the low power consumption mode, and when the node sensor 225 determines that the voltage at the two ends of the super capacitor 223 reaches the discharge threshold, the super capacitor 223 starts to discharge. When the super capacitor 223 is in a discharging state, the node sensor 225 is in an operating mode at this time, the overall resistance of the node sensor 225 is no longer maintained at a megaohm level, and may fluctuate at a hundred ohm level and a kiloohm level, and a microampere level current does not meet the normal stable operation requirement of the node sensor 225, the node sensor 225 may simultaneously acquire energy from the super capacitor 223 and the photocell 222, wherein the energy provided by the super capacitor 223 accounts for a major part, and after the overall operating mode is completed, the node sensor 225 enters a low power consumption mode again, and the super capacitor 223 starts to charge.
In some embodiments, the photocell is made of an InP material lattice-matched with InGaAs, and the InP material is fully transparent to laser with the energy light center wavelength above 1400 nm, so that the combination of the optical fiber, the photocell and the super capacitor can meet the power consumption requirement of the power side of the optical fiber capable of signaling co-transmission. When the energy optical center wavelength of the laser energy signal in the optical fiber is 1450 nm and the information optical center wavelength of the information communication signal is 1310 nm, the laser energy signal with the wavelength of 1450 nm and the information communication signal with the wavelength of 1310 nm in the same optical fiber cable can present a complex nonlinear light refraction phenomenon, and based on the configuration and combination of the optical fiber, the photocell and the super capacitor, when the length of the power optical cable of the optical fiber is 5 kilometers, the output electric power obtained through testing can meet the power utilization requirement of a power utilization side, namely the power utilization requirement of a plurality of sensor nodes.
Through the steps, the optical splitter distributes optical energy and signals synchronously transmitted by the transformer substation side to different sensor nodes according to requirements, the sensor nodes split the received optical energy and the signals through a wavelength division multiplexer, the split optical energy is stored in a photocell, and the optical energy stored in the photocell is converted into electric energy through a photoelectric conversion technology and stored in a super capacitor; through the combination of optical fiber, photocell and super capacitor, realize that the super capacitor who stores the energy that the transformer substation side was carried and come realizes intermittent type formula and charges to solve the energy that current optic fibre letter common transmission in-process transmitted to the power consumption side and be not enough in the technical problem who satisfies the power consumption demand of power consumption side.
Example two
The optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization method provided by the embodiment is applied to an optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization system. As shown in fig. 5, the optical fiber communication common transmission optimization system includes a substation side 10 and a tower side 20. The transformer station side 10 is provided with a laser light source 11, and the pole tower side 20 is provided with a light splitter 211 connected with the laser light source 11 through optical fibers and a plurality of sensor nodes 22. Specifically, the optical splitter 211 is disposed in the junction box 21, and the laser energy signal and the information communication signal transmitted from the substation side 10 are distributed to the plurality of sensor nodes 22 through the optical splitter 211 as needed.
Further, each sensor node 22 is provided with a wavelength division multiplexer 221, a photocell 222, a super capacitor 223, a tower-side optical communication module 224, a node sensor 225 and a node central processing chip 226. The wavelength division multiplexer 221 is in optical fiber connection with the optical splitter 211, the wavelength division multiplexer 211 is in optical fiber connection with the photocell 222 and the tower-side optical communication module 224, the photocell 222 is connected in parallel with the super capacitor 223 and the node sensor 225, and the node sensor 225 and the tower-side optical communication module 224 are electrically connected to a node central processing chip 226;
wherein the node sensor 225 is a milliwatt power consumption sensor. Specifically, the milliwatt-level power consumption sensor comprises a camera and an image sensor. In this embodiment, each sensor node is provided with a camera and an image sensor. In other embodiments, one or more sensors of a camera and an image sensor are installed in each sensor node.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the node sensor 225 is an electronic sensor, and the sensing information is obtained by analyzing and processing the sensing data of the electronic node sensor 225 obtained by the node central processing chip 226.
In this embodiment, a method for optimizing optical fiber communication common transmission by using an electronic node sensor and a node central processing chip 226 is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:
s201, setting optical fibers on the transformer substation side, the pole tower side and between the transformer substation side and the pole tower side to be shared by a laser energy signal and an information communication signal, wherein the energy light center wavelength of the laser energy signal is more than 1400 nanometers and is larger than the information light center wavelength of the information communication signal;
wherein, in order to be better suitable for transmitting energy in a long distance, the energy light center wavelength of the laser energy signal is preferably 1450 nm, and the information light center wavelength of the information communication signal is preferably 1310 nm.
S202, the super capacitor and the node sensor are connected in parallel with the photocell, and the node sensor and the tower side optical communication module are electrically connected onto the node central processing chip.
And S203, transmitting the laser energy signal and the information communication signal which are divided by the optical splitter to the wavelength division multiplexer through an optical fiber.
And S204, distinguishing laser energy signals and information communication signals by the wavelength division multiplexer, and respectively transmitting the laser energy signals and the information communication signals to the photocell and the tower-side optical communication module.
S205, converting the light energy of the laser energy signal into electric energy by the photocell, and inputting the electric energy into the super capacitor.
And S206, intermittently supplying power to the sensor node by the super capacitor.
Wherein, the photocell converts the laser energy signal in the optical fiber into electric energy and outputs the electric energy to the super capacitor, when the super capacitor is in a charging state, the node sensor connected with the super capacitor in parallel is in a low power consumption mode, the electric energy converted by the photocell is transmitted to and stored in the super capacitor, the node sensor wakes up the node central processing chip to monitor the voltage at two ends of the super capacitor pin at preset time intervals in a low power consumption mode, when the voltage at two ends of the super capacitor is monitored to reach a discharge threshold value, the super capacitor is in a discharge state, the sensor node is in an operation mode at the moment, the node sensor simultaneously acquires energy from the super capacitor and the photocell, and after the whole operation mode is finished, the sensor node is in a low power consumption mode, and the super capacitor starts to charge.
In the first and second embodiments, when a plurality of micro-watt power consumption sensors or milliwatt power consumption sensors are installed in each sensor node 225, the capacitance value of the super capacitor 223 is selected by establishing the following mathematical model:
wherein C represents the capacitance value of the super capacitor, and the unit is F (farad); u shape1Represents the value of the operating voltage of the sensor node in V (volt); i represents the working average current value of the sensor node, and the unit is A (ampere); t represents the working time of the sensor node, singlyBit h (hours); u shape2Represents the discharge initiation threshold of the super capacitor, in volts; u shape3Represents the discharge cutoff threshold of the supercapacitor, in volts; k represents a sensor power consumption magnitude coefficient.
In the embodiment of the present invention, since the sensor is an electronic sensor, the characteristic coefficient of the sensor is a power consumption magnitude coefficient. The capacitance value of the super capacitor is obtained through calculation according to a power consumption magnitude coefficient of a sensor, wherein the power consumption magnitude coefficient of the sensor is set to be a first constant coefficient corresponding to the milliwatt-level power consumption sensor and a second constant coefficient corresponding to the microwatt-level power consumption sensor according to a system analog analysis algorithm, and the first constant coefficient of the milliwatt-level power consumption sensor is larger than the second constant coefficient of the microwatt-level power consumption sensor.
Furthermore, one or more micro watt level power consumption sensors in temperature, humidity, air pressure, light intensity and wind speed sensors are installed on each sensor node, the capacity value of the super capacitor is set to be 2-3 according to the power consumption level coefficient of the sensor and the power consumption level coefficient of the sensor is set to be 2-3 according to a system analog analysis algorithm.
Furthermore, one or more milliwatt-level power consumption sensors in a camera or an image sensor are installed on each sensor node, and the power consumption level coefficient of the sensor of the super capacitor is set to be 3-5 according to a system analog analysis algorithm.
The capacity value of the super capacitor is selected based on the characteristic coefficient of the sensor, the photocell, the super capacitor and the sensor node are effectively combined, electric energy is stored through the selected super capacitor, and the power consumption requirement of the sensor node in the optical fiber information transmission process can be effectively met. Because the laser energy signals used for energy supply of each sensor node and the information communication signals of communication are transmitted in the same optical fiber through common fibers, the two signals are interfered with each other, the energy light used for energy supply fluctuates with a certain amplitude, through a plurality of experimental tests, the capacity value of the super capacitor is selected by establishing a mathematical model based on a plurality of micro watt level power consumption sensors or milliwatt level power consumption sensors, the fluctuation amplitude of the transmitted electric energy is controlled between 98.2% and 99.4%, and the power consumption requirements of the sensor nodes can be stably met basically.
EXAMPLE III
The optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization method provided by the embodiment is applied to an optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization system. As shown in fig. 6, the optical fiber communication common transmission optimization system includes a substation side 10 and a tower side 20. The transformer station side 10 is provided with a laser light source 11, and the pole tower side 20 is provided with a light splitter 211 connected with the laser light source 11 through optical fibers and a plurality of sensor nodes 22. Specifically, the optical splitter 211 is disposed in the junction box 21, and the laser energy signal and the information communication signal transmitted from the substation side 10 are distributed to the plurality of sensor nodes 22 through the optical splitter 211 as needed.
Further, each sensor node 22 is provided with a wavelength division multiplexer 221, a photocell 222, a super capacitor 223, a tower-side optical communication module 224, a node sensor 225 and a node central processing chip 226. The wavelength division multiplexer 221 is in optical fiber connection with the optical splitter 211, the wavelength division multiplexer 221 is in optical fiber connection with the photocell 222 and the tower-side optical communication module 224 respectively, the photocell 222 is connected in parallel with the super capacitor 223 and the node sensor 225, and the node sensor 225 and the tower-side optical communication module 224 are electrically connected to a node central processing chip 226;
wherein, the node sensor 225 is a mixture of micro watt power consumption sensor and milliwatt power consumption sensor. Specifically, the micro watt level power consumption sensor comprises one of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor and a wind speed sensor; the milliwatt-level power consumption sensor comprises one of a camera and an image sensor. In this embodiment, one or more sensors, such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a camera, and an image sensor, are installed in each of the sensor nodes 22. In other embodiments, one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a camera, and an image sensor are installed in each sensor node.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the node sensor 225 is an electronic sensor, and the sensing information is obtained by analyzing and processing the sensing data of the electronic node sensor obtained by the node central processing chip 226.
In the third embodiment, when each sensor node is provided with a plurality of micro watt level power consumption sensors and milliwatt level power consumption sensors in a mixed manner, the capacitance value of the super capacitor is selected by establishing the following mathematical model:
wherein C represents the capacitance value of the super capacitor, and the unit is F (farad); u shape1Represents the value of the operating voltage of the sensor node in V (volt); i is1The working average current value of the micro watt level power consumption sensor is represented in unit A (ampere); i is2The working average current value of the milliwatt-level power consumption sensor is expressed in A (ampere); i is3The average current value of the work of other parts except the sensor, such as an MCU, a communication module and the like, is expressed in unit A (ampere); t represents the working time of the sensor node and the unit h (hour); u shape1Represents the stable voltage value of the node work, and the unit is V (volt); u shape2Represents the discharge cutoff threshold of the supercapacitor, in volts; u shape3Represents the discharge cutoff threshold of the supercapacitor, in volts; k represents a sensor power consumption magnitude coefficient.
In the embodiment of the present invention, since the sensor is an electronic sensor, the characteristic coefficient of the sensor is a power consumption magnitude coefficient. The capacitance value of the super capacitor is obtained through calculation according to a sensor power consumption magnitude coefficient, wherein the sensor power consumption magnitude coefficient is set to be 4-5 according to a system analog analysis algorithm.
The capacity value of the super capacitor is selected based on the characteristic coefficient of the sensor, the photocell, the super capacitor and the sensor node can be effectively combined, electric energy is stored through the selected super capacitor, and the power consumption requirement of the sensor node in the optical fiber information transmission process can be effectively met. Because the laser energy signals used for energy supply of each sensor node and the information communication signals of communication are transmitted in the same optical fiber through common fibers, the two signals are interfered with each other, the energy light used for energy supply fluctuates with a certain amplitude, through a plurality of experimental tests, the capacity value of the super capacitor is selected by establishing a mathematical model based on the mixing of a plurality of micro watt level power consumption sensors and milliwatt level power consumption sensors, the fluctuation amplitude of the transmitted electric energy is controlled between 97.4% and 99.2%, and the power consumption requirements of a plurality of sensor nodes can be stably met basically.
In the present embodiment, the method of using an electronic node sensor and a node central processing chip 226 specifically includes the following steps:
s301, setting optical fibers on the transformer substation side, the pole tower side and between the transformer substation side and the pole tower side to be shared by a laser energy signal and an information communication signal, wherein the energy light center wavelength of the laser energy signal is more than 1400 nanometers and is larger than the information light center wavelength of the information communication signal;
wherein, in order to be better suitable for transmitting energy in a long distance, the energy light center wavelength of the laser energy signal is preferably 1450 nm, and the information light center wavelength of the information communication signal is preferably 1310 nm.
And S302, connecting the super capacitor and the node sensor in parallel with the photocell, wherein the node sensor and the tower side optical communication module are electrically connected to the node central processing chip.
And S303, transmitting the laser energy signal and the information communication signal which are divided by the optical splitter to the wavelength division multiplexer through an optical fiber.
And S304, the wavelength division multiplexer distinguishes laser energy signals and information communication signals and transmits the laser energy signals and the information communication signals to the photocell and the tower side optical communication module respectively.
S305, converting the light energy of the laser energy signal into electric energy by the photocell, and inputting the electric energy into the super capacitor.
S306, intermittently supplying power to the sensor node by the super capacitor;
wherein, the photocell converts the laser energy signal in the optical fiber into electric energy and outputs the electric energy to the super capacitor, when the super capacitor is in a charging state, the node sensor connected with the super capacitor in parallel is in a low power consumption mode, the electric energy converted by the photocell is transmitted to and stored in the super capacitor, the node sensor wakes up the node central processing chip to monitor the voltage at two ends of the super capacitor pin at preset time intervals in a low power consumption mode, when the voltage at two ends of the super capacitor is monitored to reach a discharge threshold value, the super capacitor is in a discharge state, the sensor node is in an operation mode at the moment, the node sensor simultaneously acquires energy from the super capacitor and the photocell, and after the whole operation mode is finished, the sensor node is in a low power consumption mode, and the super capacitor starts to charge.
Example four
The optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization method provided by the embodiment is applied to an optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization system. As shown in fig. 7, the optical fiber communication common transmission optimization system includes a substation side 10 and a tower side 20. The transformer station side 10 is provided with a laser light source 11, and the pole tower side 20 is provided with a light splitter 211 connected with the laser light source 11 through optical fibers and a plurality of sensor nodes 22. Specifically, the optical splitter 211 is disposed in the junction box 21, and the laser energy signal and the information communication signal transmitted from the substation side 10 are distributed to the plurality of sensor nodes 22 through the optical splitter 211 as needed.
Further, each sensor node 22 is provided with a wavelength division multiplexer 221, a photocell 222, a super capacitor 223, a tower-side optical communication module 224 and a node sensor 225. The wavelength division multiplexer 221 is connected to the optical splitter 211 through an optical fiber, the wavelength division multiplexer 221 is respectively connected to the photocell 222 and the tower-side optical communication module 224 through optical fibers, and the photocell 222 is connected to the super capacitor 223 and the node sensor 225 in parallel.
In this embodiment, in the optical fiber communication and co-transmission optimization system, under a cloud computing service architecture, the node sensors 225 are virtual node sensors, that is, the virtual node sensors are non-electronic sensors, such as optical fiber sensors, that is, the sensing states are reflected by analyzing data processing in optical fibers at the sensor nodes 22, and a unified node central processing chip is used in the junction box on the tower side 20 to process data at a plurality of sensor nodes, that is, to obtain sensing signals of the virtual node sensors at each sensor node.
Based on a system architecture that uses a unified node central processing chip in the junction box on the tower side 20 as shown in fig. 7 and uses a virtual sensor 225 at each sensor node, as shown in fig. 8, the present embodiment adopts a method for optimizing optical fiber communication common transmission provided by the present embodiment, which specifically includes the following steps:
s401, arranging optical fibers on the transformer substation side, the pole tower side and between the transformer substation side and the pole tower side into a common optical fiber of a laser energy signal and an information communication signal, wherein the energy optical center wavelength of the laser energy signal is more than 1400 nanometers and is larger than the information optical center wavelength of the information communication signal;
s402, connecting the super capacitor with the photocell in parallel;
s403, transmitting the laser energy signal and the information communication signal which are divided by the optical splitter to a wavelength division multiplexer through an optical fiber;
s404, the wavelength division multiplexer distinguishes a laser energy signal and an information communication signal and transmits the laser energy signal and the information communication signal to the photocell and the optical communication module respectively;
s405, converting light energy of the laser energy signal into electric energy by the photocell, and inputting the electric energy into the super capacitor;
s406, intermittently supplying power to the sensor node by the super capacitor;
when the super capacitor is in a charging state, the node sensor connected with the super capacitor in parallel is in a low power consumption mode, and the electric energy converted by the photocell is transmitted and stored into the super capacitor; when the voltage at two ends of the super capacitor reaches a discharge threshold value, the super capacitor is in a discharge state, the sensor node is in an operation mode at the moment, the node sensor simultaneously obtains energy from the super capacitor and the photocell, and when the operation mode is finished, the sensor node is in a low power consumption mode, and the super capacitor starts to charge.
In some embodiments, the photocell is made of an InP material lattice-matched with InGaAs, and the InP material is fully transparent to laser with the energy light center wavelength above 1400 nm, so that the combination of the optical fiber, the photocell and the super capacitor can meet the power consumption requirement of the power side of the optical fiber capable of signaling co-transmission. When the energy optical center wavelength of the laser energy signal in the optical fiber is 1450 nm, and the information optical center wavelength of the information communication signal is 1310 nm, based on the configuration and combination of the optical fiber, the photocell and the super capacitor, when the length of the power optical cable of the optical fiber is 5 km, the output electric power obtained through testing can meet the power utilization requirement of a power utilization side, namely the power utilization requirement of a plurality of sensor nodes.
EXAMPLE five
The optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization method provided by the embodiment is applied to an optical fiber communication and common transmission optimization system. As shown in fig. 9, the optical fiber communication common transmission optimization system includes a substation side 10 and a tower side 20. The transformer station side 10 is provided with a laser light source 11, the pole tower side 20 is provided with a junction box 21 in optical fiber connection with the laser light source 11 and a plurality of sensor nodes 225 in optical fiber connection with the junction box 21, and the junction box 21 is provided with a wavelength division multiplexer 221, a photocell 222, a node central processing chip 226 and a light splitter 211 in optical fiber connection with the laser light source 11.
Specifically, the optical splitter 211 is disposed in the junction box 21, and the laser energy signal and the information communication signal transmitted from the substation side 10 are distributed to the plurality of sensor nodes 225 as needed through the optical splitter 211.
Further, one end of the wavelength division multiplexer 221 in the junction box 21 is connected to the laser light source 11 on the tower side 20 through an optical fiber, and the other end is respectively connected to the photocell 222 and the optical communication module on the tower side through an optical fiber, and the wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the photocell 222 through a super capacitor 223 and a node central processing chip 226 in parallel; the tower side optical communication module, the node central processing unit and the information acquisition and conversion unit are all arranged on the node central processing chip 226.
In this embodiment, in the optical fiber communication and co-transmission optimization system, under a cloud computing service architecture, the node sensor 225 is a virtual node sensor, that is, the virtual node sensor is a non-electronic sensor, such as an optical fiber sensor, that is, a sensing state is reflected by analyzing data processing in an optical fiber at the sensor node, and a unified node central processing chip is used in a junction box on the tower side 20 to process data at a plurality of sensor nodes, that is, to obtain sensing signals of the virtual node sensors at each sensor node.
Based on a system architecture that uses a unified node central processing chip in a junction box on a tower side 20 as shown in fig. 9 and uses virtual sensors at each sensor node, as shown in fig. 10, the present embodiment adopts a method for optimizing optical fiber communication common transmission provided by the present embodiment, which specifically includes the following steps:
s501, arranging optical fibers on the transformer substation side, the pole tower side and between the transformer substation side and the pole tower side into a common optical fiber of a laser energy signal and an information communication signal, wherein the energy optical center wavelength of the laser energy signal is more than 1400 nanometers and is larger than the information optical center wavelength of the information communication signal;
s502, connecting a super capacitor and a node central processing chip in parallel with the photocell;
s503, transmitting the laser energy signal and the information communication signal at the transformer station side to a wavelength division multiplexer of the junction box through an optical fiber;
s504, the wavelength division multiplexer distinguishes the laser energy signal and the information communication signal and transmits the signals to the photocell and the node central processing chip respectively;
s505, the photocell converts light energy of the laser energy signal into electric energy, the electric energy is input to the super capacitor, and the electric energy is supplied to the node central processing chip and the sensor node through the super capacitor;
when the super capacitor is in a charging state, the sensor node connected with the super capacitor in parallel is in a low power consumption mode, and the electric energy converted by the photocell is transmitted and stored into the super capacitor; when the voltage at two ends of the super capacitor reaches a discharge threshold value, the super capacitor is in a discharge state, the sensor node is in an operation mode at the moment, the sensor node simultaneously acquires energy from the super capacitor and the photocell, and when the operation mode is finished, the sensor node is in a low power consumption mode, and the super capacitor starts to charge.
In some embodiments, the photovoltaic cell is fabricated from an InP material lattice-matched to InGaAs that is fully transparent to laser light having the energy optical center wavelength above 1400 nm.
In the fifth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, since the sensor node uses a non-electronic sensor, such as an optical fiber sensor, i.e., a virtual sensor, the characteristic coefficient of the virtual sensor may be a data transmission rate, and the capacitance value of the super capacitor is calculated based on the data transmission rate of the sensor. Preferably, the data transmission rate of the sensor is set to be 2-5 according to a system analog analysis algorithm, the fluctuation range of the transmitted electric energy is controlled to be 97.2% -99.0%, and the power consumption requirement of the central processing chip of the node can be basically and stably met.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 5, fig. 6 to fig. 7, and fig. 9, the power cable between the substation side and the tower side is one or more optical fibers, each optical fiber is configured to be a common fiber of a laser energy signal and an information communication signal, and an energy light center wavelength of the laser energy signal is above 1400 nm and greater than an information light center wavelength of the information communication signal, so that the combination of the optical fiber, the photocell, and the super capacitor can meet the power consumption requirement of the power side of the signaling common fiber. When the energy optical center wavelength of the laser energy signal in the optical fiber is 1450 nm, and the information optical center wavelength of the information communication signal is 1310 nm, based on the configuration and combination of the optical fiber, the photocell and the super capacitor, when the length of the power optical cable of the optical fiber is 5 km, the output electric power obtained through testing can meet the power consumption requirement on the power utilization side, such as a plurality of sensor nodes or a central processing chip.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an optical fiber can letter passes optimization system altogether, includes transformer substation side, shaft tower side, the transformer substation side includes laser source, its characterized in that: the pole tower side comprises a junction box connected with a laser light source optical fiber at the transformer station side and one or more sensor nodes connected with the junction box optical fiber, and a light splitter, a wavelength division multiplexer, a photocell, a super capacitor and a node central processing chip are arranged on the junction box and/or the sensor nodes; setting optical fibers on the transformer station side, the pole tower side and between the transformer station side and the pole tower side to be common fibers of a laser energy signal and an information communication signal, wherein the energy light center wavelength of the laser energy signal is more than 1400 nanometers and is larger than the information light center wavelength of the information communication signal; when a plurality of first sensors and/or second sensors are installed on each sensor node, the capacity value of the super capacitor is selected according to the characteristic coefficients of the sensors, wherein the characteristic coefficients of the sensors are set to be respectively corresponding to the first characteristic coefficients and the second characteristic coefficients of the first sensors and the second sensors according to a system simulation analysis algorithm, and the second characteristic coefficients of the second sensors are larger than the first characteristic coefficients of the first sensors.
2. The fiber optic telecommunications co-transmission optimization system of claim 1, wherein: the characteristic coefficient of the sensor is set to be 2-5 according to a system simulation analysis algorithm.
3. The fiber optic telecommunications co-transmission optimization system of claim 1, wherein: the junction box comprises an optical splitter connected with the laser light source optical fiber, and the sensor node comprises a wavelength division multiplexer, a photocell, a tower side optical communication module, a node central processing chip and a node sensor, wherein the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the optical splitter optical fiber; the photoelectric cell is connected with a super capacitor and the node sensor in parallel, and the node sensor and the tower side optical communication module are electrically connected to a node central processing chip.
4. The optical fiber communication common transmission optimization system according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of micro watt level power consumption sensors and/or milliwatt level power consumption sensors are installed at each sensor node.
5. The optical fiber communication and co-transmission optimization system according to claim 3, wherein one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor and a wind speed sensor are installed at each sensor node.
6. The optical fiber communication and co-transmission optimization system according to claim 3, wherein one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a camera or an image sensor is installed at each sensor node.
7. The fiber optic telecommunications co-transmission optimization system of claim 3, wherein the characteristic coefficients of the sensors are power dissipation level coefficients.
8. The optical fiber communication and sharing optimization system according to claim 1, wherein the junction box comprises a wavelength division multiplexer, a photocell, a tower-side optical communication module, a node central processing chip and an optical splitter, wherein one end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the laser light source optical fiber on the tower side of the tower, and the other end of the wavelength division multiplexer is respectively connected with the photocell and the tower-side optical communication module optical fiber; and the photoelectric cell is connected with a super capacitor and a node central processing chip in parallel, and one or more sensor nodes are connected with the optical splitter through optical fibers.
9. The fiber optic telecommunications co-transmission optimization system of claim 8, wherein the sensor signal is obtained at the sensor node by analyzing data processing in the optical fiber.
10. The fiber optic telecommunications optimization system of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic cells are fabricated from InP material lattice-matched to InGaAs; wherein the InP material is completely transparent to the laser with the energy light center wavelength of more than 1400 nanometers.
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