CN114285484A - Preparation method of high-precision low-clutter MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-precision low-clutter MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave photons, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-precision low-clutter MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier, which comprises the following steps: n branches are arranged in the optical splitter, a combiner corresponding to the optical splitter is arranged in the optical combiner, and the optical splitter and the splitter of the optical combiner are connected by adopting N optical fibers with specific length; the optical path measuring platform formed by the vector network analyzer is used for carrying out high-precision optical path measurement on the optical fiber, and the prepared MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier has accurately matched delay difference by combining high-precision optical fiber cutting and welding of the optical fiber operating platform, so that the efficiency of photoelectric conversion after optical pulse repetition frequency multiplication and harmonic wave suppression capability are ensured, and an extra amplitude and phase regulation and control means is not needed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave photons, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-precision low-clutter MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier.
Background
The high-precision frequency signal has important application value in the fields of satellite navigation, aerospace, deep space exploration, reconnaissance and early warning and the like. Microwave photons have the advantages of low loss, large bandwidth, high stability, safety, reliability and the like, and have been widely applied to the aspects of microwave frequency synthesis, optical transmission, optical processing and the like. The microwave photon technology is an effective way to realize the generation of higher-performance microwave frequency, and will continuously promote the bottleneck breakthrough and the update of an electronic information system.
The frequency synthesis technology based on optical frequency combs, photoelectric oscillators and other optical pulse signal sources can be used for generating various microwave frequency signals, and the signals generated by the technology can break through phase noise, frequency degree and other key indexes. Because the repetition frequency of optical pulse signal sources such as a high-performance optical frequency comb and a photoelectric oscillator is low, the generation of high-frequency signals often needs a process of repetition frequency multiplication, and an MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier is one of common means. In order to ensure the photoelectric conversion efficiency and harmonic suppression capability after optical pulse repetition frequency multiplication, a high-performance MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier needs accurately matched delay difference. In order to ensure the system performance, the frequency multiplier needs an equal extra amplitude and phase regulation and control means to regulate and control the amplitude and the delay of an input signal in the working process, thereby greatly increasing the control complexity of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a high-precision low-clutter MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier, wherein the MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier comprises an optical splitter, an optical combiner and an optical fiber; n shunts are arranged in the optical splitter, a combiner corresponding to the optical splitter is arranged in the optical combiner, and the optical splitter and the optical combiner are connected by adopting N optical fibers with specific lengths; the process of determining the length of the N optical fibers includes:
s1: cutting the first optical fiber to the minimum length of the weldable optical fiber, aligning the optical fibers at two ends on an optical fiber operation platform, and measuring the time delay tau of the first optical fiber by adopting a time domain conversion mode of an optical path measurement platform1Using amplitude-phase analysis to measure the frequency f0After the radio frequency signal passes through the first optical fiber, the additional phase phi1And amplitude A1(ii) a Taking down the first optical fiber, and measuring other optical fibers by the same method;
s2: setting a first cutting value according to the time delay of the ith optical fiber and the time delay of the first optical fiber, and cutting the ith optical fiber according to the first cutting value; wherein i is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N;
s3: the amplitude-phase analysis mode adopting the optical path measuring platform has the test frequency f0Passes through the additional phase phi of the ith optical fiberiAnd amplitude Ai；
S4: according to the additional phase phi of the first optical fibre1To obtain the folded target phase phi of the ith optical fiberi；
S5: judging the folding target phase phi of the ith optical fiberiAnd additional phase phiiThe size of (d);
if phii＞φiSetting a second cutting value, re-cutting the ith optical fiber according to the second cutting value, and repeatedly measuring the length of the ith optical fiber;
if phii＝φiIf so, the ith optical fiber is not processed;
if phii＜φiSetting a third cutting value, re-cutting the ith optical fiber according to the third cutting value, and repeatedly measuring the length of the ith optical fiber;
s6: setting the lengths of other optical fibers by adopting the methods of the steps S2-S5 until all the lengths of the optical fibers meet the design requirement;
s7: each optical fiber is fusion spliced in turn.
Preferably, the optical path measurement platform consists of a vector network analyzer, an optical transmitter and an optical receiver, and comprises two working modes, namely a time domain transformation mode and an amplitude and phase analysis mode, and the two working modes are respectively applied to low-precision large-range measurement and high-precision small-range measurement; the radio frequency signal output by the vector network analyzer enters the device to be tested after being modulated by the optical transmitter, the output of the device to be tested is directly sent to the optical receiver, and the optical receiver outputs the optical carrier radio frequency signal after being subjected to photoelectric conversion and returns to the vector network analyzer.
Further, the time domain transformation mode measurement process of the optical path measurement platform comprises: setting measurement parameters of the vector network analyzer, wherein the set parameters comprise: the trace of the signal is taken as the amplitude, and the output frequency range of the instrument is fstartAnd fstopMedium frequency bandwidth of fIF(ii) a Inputting the input signal into the optical path measuring platform, performing time domain transformation processing on the input signal, and obtaining the time delay of the optical fiber according to the signal after the time domain transformation.
Further, the amplitude and phase analysis mode measurement process of the optical path measurement platform comprises the following steps: setting measurement parameters of vector network analyzer, and setting measurementThe test parameters were: the track of the signal is taken as amplitude or phase, the mode is spot frequency scanning, and the intermediate frequency bandwidth is set to be fIF(ii) a Will have a frequency f0Inputting radio frequency signals into the optical path measuring platform, performing dot frequency scanning on the input signals to obtain additional phase phi after the signals pass through the optical fiberiAnd amplitude Ai。
Further, the set first cut value is:
where c denotes the speed of light, n denotes the refractive index of the optical fiber, fcRepresenting the repetition frequency of the light pulses, tauiRepresenting the delay, τ, of the ith fibre1The delay of the first fiber is shown, i is the ith fiber, N is the total number of fibers, and δ is the reserved fiber length.
Further, the reserved optical fiber length is:
wherein f is0Representing the frequency of the radio frequency signal input into the fiber.
Preferably, the second cut values set are:
wherein phiiIndicating the folded target phase, phi, of the ith fiberiDenotes the additional phase of the ith fiber, c denotes the speed of light, n denotes the refractive index of the fiber, f0Representing the frequency of the radio frequency signal input into the fiber.
Preferably, the third cut value is set as:
wherein phiiIndicating the folded target phase, phi, of the ith fiberiDenotes the additional phase of the ith fiber, c denotes the speed of light, n denotes the refractive index of the fiber, f0Representing the frequency of the radio frequency signal input into the fiber.
Additional optical loss is arranged and introduced in the process of welding the optical fiber, so that the MZI repetition frequency multiplier meets the requirement of amplitude consistency; the additional optical losses introduced are:
wherein N represents the total number of optical fibers, AiIndicating the amplitude of the ith fiber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier prepared by the invention has accurately matched delay difference, ensures the photoelectric conversion efficiency and harmonic suppression capability after optical pulse repetition frequency multiplication, and does not need to adopt an additional amplitude and phase regulation and control means.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an MZI interference optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier prepared by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A high-precision low-noise MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: an optical splitter, an optical combiner, and an optical fiber; n shunts are arranged in the optical splitter, a combiner corresponding to the optical splitter is arranged in the optical combiner, and the N shunts in the optical splitter and the N combiners in the optical combiner are correspondingly connected by adopting N optical fibers with specific lengths, so that the high-precision low-clutter MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier is formed.
The delay tau of the ith (i is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N) optical fiber in the adopted optical fibersiDelay tau from the first fibre1A specific relationship is satisfied, which is:
wherein, tauiRepresenting the time delay, τ, of the ith fibre1Representing the delay of the first fibre, c the speed of light, n the refractive index of the fibre, fc200MHz represents the optical pulse repetition frequency and N represents the number of optical fibers.
The process of determining the length of the N optical fibers includes: firstly, setting the length of a first optical fiber; the lengths of the other optical fibers are determined based on the relevant properties of the first optical fiber. The relevant properties of the optical fibres include the delay of the first optical fibre, the additional phase phi of the radio frequency signal after passing through the first optical fibre1And amplitude A1. The specific process comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting the first optical fiber (with shortest delay) to the minimum length of the weldable optical fiber, aligning (not welding) the optical fibers at two ends on an optical fiber operation platform, and measuring the delay tau of the first optical fiber by adopting a time domain conversion mode of an optical path measurement platform1And using amplitude-phase analysis to test the frequency f0After the radio frequency signal passes through the first optical fiber, the additional phase phi1And amplitude A1；
S2: and (3) taking off the two ends of the (i-1) th optical fiber, and aligning the two ends of the ith optical fiber on the optical fiber operating platform (without welding). Measuring the delay tau of the ith optical fiber by adopting the time domain conversion mode of the optical path measuring platformiSetting a first cutting value according to the time delay of the first optical fiber and the time delay of the ith optical fiber, and cutting the ith optical fiber according to the set first cutting value; wherein i is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N, and i is an integer;
the first cut value set is:
where c denotes the speed of light, n denotes the refractive index of the optical fiber, fcRepresenting the repetition frequency of the light pulses, tauiRepresenting the delay, τ, of the ith fibre1The delay of the first fiber is shown, i is the ith fiber, N is the total number of fibers, and δ 2cm is the reserved fiber length.
S3: the amplitude-phase analysis mode adopting the optical path measuring platform has the test frequency f0Passes through the additional phase phi of the ith optical fiberiAnd amplitude Ai；
S4: according to the additional phase phi of the first optical fibre1To obtain the folded target phase phi of the ith optical fiberi(ii) a The method for obtaining the folded target phase of the ith optical fiber is to add an additional phase phi1The target phase phi can be obtained by removing the periodi。
S5: judging the folding target phase phi of the ith optical fiberiAnd additional phase phiiThe size of (d);
if phii＞φiSetting a second cutting value, re-cutting the ith optical fiber according to the second cutting value, and repeatedly measuring the length of the ith optical fiber;
the second cut value set was:
wherein phiiIndicating the folded target phase, phi, of the ith fiberiDenotes the additional phase of the ith fiber, c denotes the speed of light, n denotes the refractive index of the fiber, f0Representing the frequency of the radio frequency signal input into the fiber.
If phii＝φiIf so, the ith optical fiber is not processed;
if phii＜φiSetting a third cutting value, re-cutting the ith optical fiber according to the third cutting value, and repeatedly measuring the length of the ith optical fiber;
the third cut value set was:
wherein phiiIndicating the folded target phase, phi, of the ith fiberiDenotes the additional phase of the ith fiber, c denotes the speed of light, n denotes the refractive index of the fiber, f0Representing the frequency of the radio frequency signal input into the fiber.
S6: and setting the lengths of other optical fibers by adopting the methods of the steps S2-S5 until all the lengths of the optical fibers meet the design requirement.
S7: each optical fiber is fusion spliced in turn. In order to meet the amplitude consistency of the MZI repetition frequency multiplier, additional optical loss is introduced in the welding process of each arm
The optical path measurement platform comprises two working modes, namely a time domain conversion mode and an amplitude-phase analysis module, and is respectively applied to low-precision large-range measurement and high-precision small-range measurement. The light path measuring platform consists of a vector network analyzer, an optical transmitter and an optical receiver. The radio frequency signal output by the vector network analyzer enters the device to be tested after being modulated by the optical transmitter, the output of the device to be tested is directly sent to the optical receiver, and the optical receiver outputs the optical carrier radio frequency signal after being subjected to photoelectric conversion and returns to the vector network analyzer.
The time domain transformation mode measurement process of the optical path measurement platform comprises the following steps: setting measurement parameters of a vector network analyzer; the set parameters include: trace is amplitude and output frequency range is fstart9.5GHz and fstopSetting the medium frequency bandwidth as f at 10.5GHzIFAnd (4) checking a time domain transformation function, setting display coordinates to be automatic, and turning on a marking function and setting the marking function as an automatic maximum searching value. Will input signalAnd inputting the signal into the optical path measuring platform, performing time domain conversion processing on the input signal, and obtaining the time delay of the optical fiber according to the signal after the time domain conversion.
The amplitude and phase analysis mode measurement process of the optical path measurement platform comprises the following steps: setting measurement parameters of a vector network analyzer, wherein the set measurement parameters are as follows: the track is amplitude or phase, the mode is dot frequency scanning, and the output frequency is f0Set the medium frequency bandwidth to f at 10GHzIFThe display coordinates are set to automatic, the marking function is turned on and set to automatically find the maximum and minimum values, 1 kHz. Will have a frequency f0Inputting radio frequency signals into the optical path measuring platform, performing dot frequency scanning on the input signals to obtain additional phase phi after the signals pass through the optical fiberiAnd amplitude Ai。
The above-mentioned embodiments, which further illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a high-precision low-clutter MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier comprises an optical splitter, an optical combiner and an optical fiber; n shunts are arranged in the optical splitter, a combiner corresponding to the optical splitter is arranged in the optical combiner, and the optical splitter and the optical combiner are connected by adopting N optical fibers with specific lengths; the method is characterized in that the process of determining the length of the N optical fibers comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting the first optical fiber to the minimum length of the weldable optical fiber, aligning the optical fibers at two ends on an optical fiber operation platform, and measuring the time delay tau of the first optical fiber by adopting a time domain conversion mode of an optical path measurement platform1Using amplitude-phase analysis to measure the frequency f0After the radio frequency signal passes through the first optical fiber, the additional phase phi1And amplitude A1(ii) a Removing the first optical fiber and applying the same method to other lightMeasuring the fiber;
s2: setting a first cutting value according to the time delay of the ith optical fiber and the time delay of the first optical fiber, and cutting the ith optical fiber according to the first cutting value; wherein i is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N;
s3: the amplitude-phase analysis mode adopting the optical path measuring platform has the test frequency f0Passes through the additional phase phi of the ith optical fiberiAnd amplitude Ai；
S4: according to the additional phase phi of the first optical fibre1To obtain the folded target phase phi of the ith optical fiberi；
S5: judging the folding target phase phi of the ith optical fiberiAnd additional phase phiiThe size of (d);
if phii＞φiSetting a second cutting value, re-cutting the ith optical fiber according to the second cutting value, and repeatedly measuring the length of the ith optical fiber;
if phii＝φiIf so, the ith optical fiber is not processed;
if phii＜φiSetting a third cutting value, re-cutting the ith optical fiber according to the third cutting value, and repeatedly measuring the length of the ith optical fiber;
s6: setting the lengths of other optical fibers by adopting the methods of the steps S2-S5 until all the lengths of the optical fibers meet the design requirement;
s7: each optical fiber is fusion spliced in turn.
2. The method for preparing the high-precision low-clutter MZI interference type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical path measuring platform is composed of a vector network analyzer, an optical transmitter and an optical receiver, the platform comprises two working modes of a time domain transformation mode and an amplitude and phase analysis mode, which are respectively applied to low-precision large-range and high-precision small-range measurement; the radio frequency signal output by the vector network analyzer enters the device to be tested after being modulated by the optical transmitter, the output of the device to be tested is directly sent to the optical receiver, and the optical receiver outputs the optical carrier radio frequency signal after being subjected to photoelectric conversion and returns to the vector network analyzer.
3. The method for preparing the high-precision low-clutter MZI interference-type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier according to claim 2, wherein the time domain transformation mode measuring process of the optical path measuring platform comprises: setting measurement parameters of the vector network analyzer, wherein the set parameters comprise: the trace of the signal is taken as the amplitude, and the output frequency range of the instrument is fstartAnd fstopMedium frequency bandwidth of fIF(ii) a Inputting the input signal into the optical path measuring platform, performing time domain transformation processing on the input signal, and obtaining the time delay of the optical fiber according to the signal after the time domain transformation.
4. The method for preparing the high-precision low-clutter MZI interference-type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier according to claim 2, wherein the amplitude and phase analysis mode measurement process of the optical path measurement platform comprises: setting measurement parameters of a vector network analyzer, wherein the set measurement parameters are as follows: the track of the signal is taken as amplitude or phase, the mode is spot frequency scanning, and the intermediate frequency bandwidth is set to be fIF(ii) a Will have a frequency f0Inputting radio frequency signals into the optical path measuring platform, performing dot frequency scanning on the input signals to obtain additional phase phi after the signals pass through the optical fiberiAnd amplitude Ai。
5. The method for preparing the high-precision low-clutter MZI interference-type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier according to claim 1, wherein the first cut value is set as:
where c denotes the speed of light, n denotes the refractive index of the optical fiber, fcRepresenting the repetition frequency of the light pulses, tauiRepresenting the delay, τ, of the ith fibre1The delay of the first fiber is shown, i is the ith fiber, N is the total number of fibers, and δ is the reserved fiber length.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the reserved length of the optical fiber is equal to
Wherein f is0Representing the frequency of the radio frequency signal input into the fiber.
7. The method for preparing a high-precision low-clutter MZI interference-type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier according to claim 1, wherein the second cut value is set as:
wherein phiiIndicating the folded target phase, phi, of the ith fiberiDenotes the additional phase of the ith fiber, c denotes the speed of light, n denotes the refractive index of the fiber, f0Representing the frequency of the radio frequency signal input into the fiber.
8. The method for preparing the high-precision low-clutter MZI interference-type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier according to claim 1, wherein the third cut value is set as:
wherein phiiIndicating the folded target phase, phi, of the ith fiberiDenotes the additional phase of the ith fiber, c denotes the speed of light, n denotes the refractive index of the fiber, f0Representing the frequency of the radio frequency signal input into the fiber.
9. The method for preparing the high-precision low-clutter MZI interference-type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier according to claim 1, wherein additional optical loss is introduced during the fusion process of the optical fiber, so that the MZI interference-type optical pulse repetition frequency multiplier meets the requirement of amplitude consistency; the additional optical losses introduced are:
wherein N represents the total number of optical fibers, AiIndicating the amplitude of the ith fiber.
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