CN114285192B - Device and method for adjusting rotational inertia of main shaft of bulb through-flow turbine - Google Patents
Device and method for adjusting rotational inertia of main shaft of bulb through-flow turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114285192B CN114285192B CN202111610499.4A CN202111610499A CN114285192B CN 114285192 B CN114285192 B CN 114285192B CN 202111610499 A CN202111610499 A CN 202111610499A CN 114285192 B CN114285192 B CN 114285192B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical group [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for adjusting the rotational inertia of a main shaft of a bulb through-flow turbine, wherein the device comprises a permanent magnet device and an electromagnetic control device, the permanent magnet device is made of permanent magnet materials and is fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the main shaft; the electromagnetic control device comprises an electromagnetic controller, electromagnetic control bodies and electromagnetic coils, wherein the electromagnetic controller is fixed on the inner shell wall of the bulb body, the electromagnetic controller is located under the permanent magnetic device, the electromagnetic control bodies are respectively and fixedly connected to two ends of the electromagnetic controller, the two electromagnetic control bodies are symmetrically arranged relative to the main shaft, and the electromagnetic coils are wound on the electromagnetic control bodies. When the load of the unit is increased, the electromagnetic coil is electrified through the electromagnetic controller, and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil enables the electromagnetic control device and the permanent magnetic device to repel each other; when the load of the unit is reduced, the electromagnetic coil is electrified through the electromagnetic controller, and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil enables the electromagnetic control device and the permanent magnetic device to attract each other.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydroelectric generation, in particular to a device and a method for adjusting the rotational inertia of a main shaft of a bulb through-flow turbine.
Background
The tubular power station is a better way for developing low-head hydraulic resources, has the advantages of compact unit structure, less engineering quantity, short construction period and the like, and is rapidly developed in recent years. The bulb through-flow type unit is arranged in the underwater bulb body, and the moment of inertia of the bulb through-flow type unit is generally smaller because the generator unit is small in size, light in weight and small in flywheel moment. The smaller moment of inertia can lead to shorter starting and stopping time of the unit, the faster change of the rotating speed of the unit, and the dynamic adjustment quality of the unit is difficult to control when the unit operates at a low water head and a high flow rate. When the load shedding test is carried out, the small unit rotational inertia is seriously damaged, the rising speed of the rotating speed is high, the influence on the increase of the flow is large, and the relatively obvious pressure drop easily occurs after the rising of the rotating speed of the load shedding unit, so that negative water hammer is generated, the unit vibration is induced, when the load of the unit is increased, the unit rotational inertia value needs to be reduced, and when the load of the unit is reduced, the unit rotational inertia value needs to be increased.
Therefore, a device capable of adjusting the rotational inertia of the unit is needed, particularly when a load increase and decrease test is performed, the device capable of adjusting different rotational inertia according to the change condition of the load is needed, and therefore the safety and stability of the operation of the unit are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The device is arranged on a main shaft of the bulb body unit, and the weight of the main shaft is controlled through electromagnetic force, so that the moment of inertia of the unit is changed.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the device is arranged in a bulb body and comprises a permanent magnet device and an electromagnetic control device, wherein the permanent magnet device is arranged on the main shaft in the bulb body, the permanent magnet device is made of permanent magnet materials, the whole body is of a hollow cylinder structure in the interior, and the permanent magnet device is fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the main shaft;
the electromagnetic control device is arranged on the inner shell wall of the bulb body and is of an arc-shaped symmetrical structure, the circle center is located on the main shaft, the electromagnetic control device comprises electromagnetic controllers, electromagnetic control bodies and electromagnetic coils, the electromagnetic controllers are fixed on the inner shell wall of the bulb body, the electromagnetic controllers are located under the permanent magnetic devices, two electromagnetic control bodies are respectively and fixedly connected to two ends of the electromagnetic controllers, the two electromagnetic control bodies are symmetrically arranged relative to the main shaft, the electromagnetic coils are wound on the electromagnetic control bodies, the electromagnetic control bodies on two sides are identical in size, and the winding directions and the number of the electromagnetic coils are identical, and the electromagnetic coils are electrically connected with the electromagnetic controllers.
The electromagnetic control device is used for adjusting the magnitude and the direction of current passing through the electromagnetic coil, and a magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil enables the electromagnetic control device and the permanent magnetic device to repel or attract each other; when the permanent magnet devices repel each other, the permanent magnet devices are acted by upward magnetic force, the main shaft is lifted, and the rotational inertia of the unit is reduced.
Preferably, in order to facilitate the installation of the permanent magnet device on the main shaft, the permanent magnet device is formed by splicing two rotary inertia adjusting blocks with semicircular columnar structures, the two rotary inertia adjusting blocks are permanent magnets, magnetic poles at the splicing positions of the two rotary inertia adjusting blocks are attracted, and the two rotary inertia adjusting blocks are coaxially sleeved on the outer side wall of the main shaft and are fixedly connected together through a connecting block.
Further, the electromagnetic control body is made of soft iron or silicon steel.
Preferably, the number of the connecting blocks is four, two screw holes are formed in each connecting block, screw holes are formed in the corresponding rotary inertia adjusting blocks, the connecting blocks and the rotary inertia adjusting blocks are inserted into the screw holes of the connecting blocks through bolts, the two rotary inertia adjusting blocks are connected into a whole, the two rotary inertia adjusting blocks are guaranteed to rotate together with the main shaft, and the rotary inertia adjusting blocks do not rotate relative to the main shaft.
Preferably, in order to increase friction force, the connection between the moment of inertia adjusting block and the main shaft is firmer, and a rubber gasket is arranged between the moment of inertia adjusting block and the main shaft.
Preferably, the main shafts on both sides of the permanent magnet device are respectively fixedly connected with a limiting block, and the limiting blocks are preferably fixed with the main shafts through welding and are used for limiting the permanent magnet device to move along the axial direction when the unit operates.
When the load of a unit is increased, an electromagnetic coil is electrified through an electromagnetic controller, and a magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil enables an electromagnetic control device and a permanent magnetic device to repel each other;
when the load of the unit is reduced, the electromagnetic coil is electrified through the electromagnetic controller, and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil makes the electromagnetic control device and the permanent magnetic device attract each other;
in both cases, the current flow in the solenoid is reversed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the moment of inertia of the unit can be adjusted on the premise of meeting the yield strength of the main shaft according to the load change condition of the unit, and when the load of the unit is increased, the electromagnetic coil can be reversely electrified through the electromagnetic controller, so that the moment of inertia of the unit is reduced; when the load of the unit is reduced, the electromagnetic coil can be powered on positively through the electromagnetic controller, so that the moment of inertia of the unit is increased.
The invention can be used for adjusting the rotational inertia of the bulb tubular hydroelectric generating set, has fewer internal components, simple structure and convenient installation, and can be directly arranged on the main shaft in the bulb body and the inner shell of the bulb body, thereby being beneficial to overhaul. Meanwhile, the invention can be applied to various complex working conditions so as to improve the safety and stability of the operation of the hydroelectric generating set.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a bulb through-flow turbine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation position of the electromagnetic moment of inertia adjusting device in the bulb body;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic moment of inertia adjusting device.
Wherein, 1, a water inlet flow channel; 2. a bulb body; 3. a guide vane; 4. a rotating wheel; 5. a draft tube; 6. a main shaft; 7. a left limiting block; 8. a permanent magnet device; 8-1, a rotational inertia adjusting A block; 8-2, adjusting the moment of inertia of the B block; 9. a right limiting block; 10. an electromagnetic control device; 10-1, an electromagnetic controller; 10-2, electromagnetic coils; 10-3, electromagnetic control body; 11. a connecting block; 12. rubber gaskets.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a bulb through-flow turbine, which comprises a water inlet channel 1, a bulb body 2, guide vanes 3, a runner 4 and a draft tube 5, wherein an electromagnetic moment of inertia adjusting device is arranged in a cavity of the bulb body 2.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of an installation position of an electromagnetic adjusting moment of inertia device in a bulb body is shown, and the electromagnetic adjusting moment of inertia device comprises a main shaft 6, a left limiting block 7, a permanent magnet device 8, a right limiting block 9 and an electromagnetic control device 10, wherein the left limiting block 7, the permanent magnet device 8 and the right limiting block 9 are installed on the main shaft 6 in a cavity of the bulb body 2, the left limiting block 7 and the right limiting block 9 are sleeved at the left end and the right end of the permanent magnet device 8 and are welded and fixed with the main shaft 6, and the electromagnetic adjusting moment of inertia device is used for limiting the permanent magnet device 8 to move along the axial direction when a unit operates; the electromagnetic control device 10 is arranged right below the permanent magnet device 8 and fixedly connected with the inner shell wall of the bulb body 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the permanent magnet device 8 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and is formed by splicing permanent magnets with two semicircular annular columnar structures, namely a rotary inertia adjusting a block 8-1 and a rotary inertia adjusting B block 8-2, the magnetic poles of the spliced surfaces of the rotary inertia adjusting a block 8-1 and the rotary inertia adjusting B block 8-2 are mutually attracted, the two permanent magnets are coaxially sleeved on the outer side wall of the main shaft 6 and fixedly connected together through connecting blocks 11, the number of the connecting blocks 11 is four, each annular surface is at least two connecting blocks 11, each connecting block is provided with two screw holes, the corresponding permanent magnets are also provided with screw holes, the rotary inertia adjusting a block 8-1 and the rotary inertia adjusting B block 8-2 are connected into a whole through bolts, the rotary inertia adjusting a block 8-1 and the rotary inertia adjusting B block are tightly attached, the inner diameter of the permanent magnet device is slightly larger than the diameter of the main shaft 6, the outer diameter of the permanent magnet device is far smaller than the diameter of the section of the bulb body 2 at the installation position, and a rubber gasket 12 is arranged between the permanent magnet device and the main shaft to increase friction force.
The electromagnetic control device 10 is fixedly connected to the inner shell wall of the bulb body 2 and is of a circular arc symmetrical structure, the circle center of the electromagnetic control device is positioned on the main shaft 6 of the bulb body 2, the electromagnetic control device comprises an electromagnetic controller 10-1, an electromagnetic control body 10-3 and an electromagnetic coil 10-2, the electromagnetic controller is fixedly welded on the inner shell wall of the bulb body 2, the electromagnetic controller is positioned under the permanent magnet device 8, two electromagnetic control bodies are respectively and fixedly connected to two ends of the electromagnetic controller through welding, the two electromagnetic control bodies are symmetrically arranged relative to the main shaft, and the electromagnetic control bodies are made of soft iron or silicon steel; the electromagnetic coils are wound on the electromagnetic control bodies, the electromagnetic control bodies 10-3 on two sides are the same in size, the electromagnetic coils 10-2 are the same in winding direction and number, and the electromagnetic coils 10-2 are electrically connected with the electromagnetic controller 10-1. The electromagnetic control device is matched with the permanent magnetic device through magnetic force.
Example 2
In the electromagnetic adjusting moment of inertia device of the embodiment, the axial length of the permanent magnet device is 1.1m, the outer diameter is 2.837m, the inner diameter is 0.75m, the material of the moment of inertia adjusting block is neodymium iron boron, the material of the electromagnetic control body is soft iron, the arc length of the electromagnetic control device is 9.41m, the radian is 163 degrees, and the electromagnetic coils at the left side and the right side of the electromagnetic control device are respectively wound for 145 circles. The electromagnetic adjusting rotary inertia device is arranged on a main shaft of a bulb tubular hydroelectric generating set of a hydropower station, the center of a rotating wheel is taken as an origin, the installation position of a permanent magnet device is 6.64m away from the origin, the diameter of the main shaft is 0.5m, and the diameter of the section of a bulb body is 6.63m. The basic operation parameters of the power station unit are as follows: the rated power of the generator is 21MW, the rated rotating speed is 93.75r/min, the rated frequency is 50HZ, the rated output is 21.875MW, the rated water head is 9.3m, the maximum water head is 11.9m, and the minimum water head4.7m, rated flow 255.86m 3 S, rated efficiency 93.71%, unit moment of inertia 582.13 ×10 3 kg.m 2 。
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the magnetic pole of the electromagnet is clockwise, the arrow direction in the coil is the current direction in the coil after the electromagnetic controller 10-1 is energized to the coil, and for convenience of description, the direction is defined as the forward current.
Through carrying out load increase and decrease test to the unit, add the electromagnetic regulation moment of inertia device electric current, the contrast group of direction, verify the effect of electromagnetic regulation moment of inertia device through the biggest rotational speed value of contrast, the test process: setting idle load and load adjusting parameters at selected values, enabling a speed regulator to be in an automatic power generation state, sending an active pulse adjusting command to increase or decrease through an LCU, enabling the speed regulator to receive load increasing/decreasing pulse signals, enabling the load of a unit to change, keeping an electromagnetic adjusting rotary inertia device to be not operated, monitoring the change of the rotating speed of the unit in the process, and testing the serial numbers 1-4; the other instruction parameters are kept unchanged, the electromagnetic adjusting moment of inertia device is started, the electromagnetic coil is electrified through the electromagnetic controller, the current size and direction passing through the coil are changed, the change of the rotating speed of the unit in the process is monitored, the test sequence numbers are 5-10, and the test results are compared as shown in the table 1.
Table 1 comparison table for various operation parameters of load increase and decrease test of electromagnetic adjusting moment of inertia device
By combining the parameter comparison table, the maximum rotating speed of the unit can be obviously increased by reducing the moment of inertia of the unit when the load of the unit is increased and the current direction of the electromagnetic coil is reversed in the bulb through-flow unit load increase and decrease test; at the moment, the electromagnetic controller reversely electrifies the electromagnetic coil, the formed magnetic induction lines are consistent with the magnetic induction lines on the outer side of the permanent magnetic device in direction and mutually repel, the permanent magnetic device is acted by upward magnetic force at the moment, the main shaft is lifted up, and the rotational inertia of the unit is reduced.
When the load of the unit is reduced, the electromagnetic controller is electrified, and when the current direction of the electromagnetic coil is positive, the moment of inertia of the unit can be increased, and the maximum rotation speed of the unit is reduced; at the moment, the electromagnetic controller electrifies the electromagnetic coil positively, the formed magnetic induction lines are opposite to the magnetic induction lines on the outer side of the permanent magnetic device, the formed magnetic induction lines are attracted mutually, the permanent magnetic device is subjected to downward magnetic force, the main shaft is pressed down, and the rotational inertia of the unit is increased.
In the current control range of the electromagnetic controller, when the energization amount is larger, the increased or decreased rotation inertia value is larger. Therefore, the electromagnetic adjusting device designed by the invention can effectively adjust the rotational inertia value of the unit and optimize the dynamic parameters of the unit, the electromagnetic adjusting rotational inertia device can adjust the rotational inertia of the unit according to the change condition of the load, the extreme value of the electromagnetic adjusting rotational inertia needs to meet the yield strength of the main shaft in order to ensure the stability and the reliability of the main shaft structure, after the control device is installed, the main shaft strength can be checked, the current control range can be determined according to the checking result, and in the embodiment, the current control range of the electromagnetic controller is 0-300A.
The description not related to the specific embodiments of the present invention belongs to the technology known in the art, and may be implemented with reference to the known technology. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The device for adjusting the rotational inertia of the main shaft of the bulb through-flow turbine is characterized by being arranged in the bulb body and comprising a permanent magnet device and an electromagnetic control device, wherein the permanent magnet device is arranged on the main shaft in the bulb body, is made of permanent magnet materials, is of a hollow cylinder structure in the whole and is fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the main shaft;
the electromagnetic control device is arranged on the inner shell wall of the bulb body and is of an arc-shaped symmetrical structure as a whole, the circle center is positioned on the main shaft, the electromagnetic control device comprises electromagnetic controllers, electromagnetic control bodies and electromagnetic coils, the electromagnetic controllers are fixed on the inner shell wall of the bulb body, the electromagnetic controllers are positioned under the permanent magnetic device, two electromagnetic control bodies are respectively and fixedly connected to two ends of the electromagnetic controllers, the two electromagnetic control bodies are symmetrically arranged relative to the main shaft, the electromagnetic coils are wound on the electromagnetic control bodies, the electromagnetic control bodies at two sides are identical in size, and the winding directions and the winding numbers of the electromagnetic coils are identical, and the electromagnetic coils are electrically connected with the electromagnetic controllers;
the permanent magnet device is formed by splicing two rotary inertia adjusting blocks with semicircular columnar structures, the two rotary inertia adjusting blocks are permanent magnets, magnetic poles at the spliced positions of the two rotary inertia adjusting blocks are attracted, and the two rotary inertia adjusting blocks are coaxially sleeved on the outer side wall of the main shaft and are fixedly connected together through a connecting block.
2. The apparatus for adjusting the rotational inertia of a main shaft of a bulb through-flow turbine according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic control body is made of soft iron or silicon steel.
3. The device for adjusting the rotational inertia of the main shaft of the bulb through-flow turbine according to claim 1, wherein the number of the connecting blocks is four, each connecting block is provided with two screw holes, the corresponding rotational inertia adjusting block is also provided with screw holes, and the two rotational inertia adjusting blocks are connected into a whole by inserting bolts into the screw holes of the connecting blocks and the rotational inertia adjusting blocks.
4. A device for adjusting the rotational inertia of a main shaft of a bulb through-flow turbine according to claim 3, wherein a rubber gasket is provided between the rotational inertia adjusting block and the main shaft.
5. The device for adjusting the rotational inertia of the main shaft of a bulb through-flow turbine according to claim 4, wherein a limiting block is fixedly connected to the main shaft on each side of the permanent magnet device.
6. A method for adjusting the rotational inertia of a main shaft of a bulb through-flow turbine is characterized in that when the load of a unit is increased, an electromagnetic coil is electrified through an electromagnetic controller, and a magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil enables an electromagnetic control device and a permanent magnetic device to repel each other;
when the load of the unit is reduced, the electromagnetic coil is electrified through the electromagnetic controller, and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil makes the electromagnetic control device and the permanent magnetic device attract each other;
in both cases, the current flow in the solenoid is reversed.
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CN202111610499.4A CN114285192B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Device and method for adjusting rotational inertia of main shaft of bulb through-flow turbine |
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CN202111610499.4A CN114285192B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Device and method for adjusting rotational inertia of main shaft of bulb through-flow turbine |
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CN114285192B true CN114285192B (en) | 2023-12-19 |
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4367413A (en) * | 1980-06-02 | 1983-01-04 | Ramon Nair | Combined turbine and generator |
EP1318299A1 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-06-11 | VA TECH HYDRO GmbH & Co. | Bulb turbine-generator unit |
CN102828890A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2012-12-19 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Hydroelectric generating set for micro-head hydroenergy development |
CN207021834U (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-02-16 | 湖南云箭集团有限公司 | A kind of hydrogenerator of brushless excitation |
CN207728475U (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-08-14 | 赣州发电设备成套制造有限公司 | A kind of horizontal hydrogenerator group |
CN112392650A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-23 | 桑河二级水电有限公司 | Control method for low-frequency suppression during load shedding of bulb tubular unit and storage medium |
-
2021
- 2021-12-27 CN CN202111610499.4A patent/CN114285192B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4367413A (en) * | 1980-06-02 | 1983-01-04 | Ramon Nair | Combined turbine and generator |
EP1318299A1 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-06-11 | VA TECH HYDRO GmbH & Co. | Bulb turbine-generator unit |
CN102828890A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2012-12-19 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Hydroelectric generating set for micro-head hydroenergy development |
CN207021834U (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-02-16 | 湖南云箭集团有限公司 | A kind of hydrogenerator of brushless excitation |
CN207728475U (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-08-14 | 赣州发电设备成套制造有限公司 | A kind of horizontal hydrogenerator group |
CN112392650A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-23 | 桑河二级水电有限公司 | Control method for low-frequency suppression during load shedding of bulb tubular unit and storage medium |
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