CN114284587A - Cell formation and capacity grading method - Google Patents
Cell formation and capacity grading method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114284587A CN114284587A CN202111616853.4A CN202111616853A CN114284587A CN 114284587 A CN114284587 A CN 114284587A CN 202111616853 A CN202111616853 A CN 202111616853A CN 114284587 A CN114284587 A CN 114284587A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries and discloses a cell formation and capacity grading method. In the method, the formation comprises: s100, charging the battery cell 100 to a first SOC value under the conditions of a first pressure value and a first temperature value, wherein the first pressure value is greater than 0.5MPa, the first temperature value is 60-100 ℃, and the first SOC value is less than 100%; the pressure capacity grading comprises the following steps: s200, cooling the battery cell 100 to room temperature; s300, under the condition of a second pressure value, continuously charging the battery cell 100 to a second SOC value, and carrying out shelving processing for a first preset time, wherein the second pressure value is greater than 0.1MPa and smaller than the second pressure value, and the second SOC value is greater than the first SOC value; s400, discharging to cut-off voltage at a first multiplying power under the condition of a second pressure value, and standing for a second preset time; and S500, under the condition of a second pressure value, charging to a third SOC value at a second magnification. The method does not need to introduce new materials, has simple operation process and low cost, and the obtained battery cell has higher liquid retention rate, higher battery cell capacity retention rate and lower thickness expansion rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a cell formation and capacity grading method.
Background
The application of the silica system to the lithium ion soft package battery cell can greatly improve the energy density of the battery, and is a field which is constantly developed by enterprises. The volume of the silica expands during repeated charge and discharge. The large volume expansion can cause cracking and pulverization of active substances, aggravate the consumption of electrolyte, increase the area and thickness of SEI (solid electrolyte interface) and the impedance of a battery cell, and finally cause the attenuation of the circulation capacity. This disadvantage restricts the spread of the silica systems, and therefore, the suppression of the volume expansion of the silica systems is of great importance in the production of cells.
At present, to suppress the volume expansion of silicone systems, a method of using a binder having a strong binding power, for example, polyacrylic acid, is generally used. Or, single-walled carbon nanotubes with high specific surface area and long diameter are adopted. Alternatively, the silicon oxygen material itself may be structurally optimized, for example, carbon-coated, lithium metal doped, and the like. The methods can inhibit the volume expansion of a silicon-oxygen system and improve the cycle performance, but because the method uses higher material cost, and the introduction of the materials is generally matched and optimized in the processes of homogenizing, blending, coating, compacting and the like, the manufacturing cost of the battery is increased, and the process procedure is complex. The battery cell prepared by the method has the advantages of low liquid retention rate, low capacity retention rate and poor effect of inhibiting volume expansion of a silica system.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a cell formation and capacity grading method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cell formation and capacity grading method, which does not need to introduce new materials, has simple operation process and low cost, and can obtain a cell with higher liquid retention rate, higher cell capacity retention rate and lower thickness expansion rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cell formation pressure capacity grading method comprises the following steps of sequentially carrying out formation-pressure capacity grading on a cell:
wherein, the formation comprises the following steps:
s100, charging the battery cell to a first SOC value under the conditions of a first pressure value and a first temperature value, wherein the first pressure value is greater than 0.5MPa, the first temperature value is 60-100 ℃, and the first SOC value is less than 100%;
the pressure capacity grading comprises the following steps:
s200, cooling the battery cell to room temperature;
s300, under the condition of a second pressure value, continuously charging the battery cell to a second SOC value, and carrying out shelving processing for a first preset time, wherein the second pressure value is greater than 0.1MPa and smaller than the second pressure value, and the second SOC value is greater than the first SOC value;
s400, discharging to cut-off voltage at a first multiplying power under the condition of the second pressure value, and standing for a second preset time;
and S500, under the condition of the second pressure value, charging to a third SOC value at a second magnification.
Optionally, the method further comprises the following steps after the pressure capacity grading:
s600, secondary sealing is conducted on the battery cell.
Optionally, the first pressure value is 0.5-1.0 MPa.
Optionally, the second pressure value is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
Optionally, the first SOC value is 70% to 95%.
Optionally, the first multiplying power is 0.2-1C.
Optionally, the second SOC value is 100%.
Optionally, the second multiplying power is 0.5-1C.
Optionally, the third SOC value is 50%.
Optionally, when the pressure capacity is divided, the battery cell is placed on a circuit board, the circuit board is placed between the pressure applying plates, at least two pressure applying plates are provided, and one circuit board is clamped between adjacent pressure applying plates.
Has the advantages that:
the cell formation and grading method provided by the invention is used for forming the cell under the condition of high temperature and high pressure and then carrying out grading treatment on the cell under the condition of a certain pressure. By adopting the formation-pressure capacity grading mode, new materials do not need to be introduced, the process flow is simplified, the operation process is simple, the manufacturing cost of the battery is reduced, and the obtained battery cell has higher liquid retention rate, higher battery cell capacity retention rate and lower thickness expansion rate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the formation-pressure separation-secondary sealing process provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional capacity grading structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pressure containment structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the cell retention after formation, secondary sealing and conventional capacity separation provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the cell retention after formation, pressure separation and secondary sealing according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the cell capacity retention rate and the cycle number provided by the present invention.
In the figure:
100. an electric core; 200. a circuit board; 300. and pressing the plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Where the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions, and where a first feature is "over", "above" and "on" a second feature, it is intended that the first feature is directly over and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for forming the battery cell 100 by pressure capacitance includes sequentially performing formation-pressure capacitance on the battery cell 100, where the formation includes the following steps:
s100, charging the battery cell 100 to a first SOC value under the conditions of a first pressure value and a first temperature value, wherein the first pressure value is greater than 0.5MPa, the first temperature value is 60-100 ℃, and the first SOC value is less than 100%;
the pressure capacity grading comprises the following steps:
s200, cooling the battery cell 100 to room temperature;
s300, under the condition of a second pressure value, continuously charging the battery cell 100 to a second SOC value, and carrying out shelving processing for a first preset time, wherein the second pressure value is greater than 0.1MPa and smaller than the second pressure value, and the second SOC value is greater than the first SOC value;
s400, discharging to cut-off voltage at a first multiplying power under the condition of a second pressure value, and standing for a second preset time;
and S500, under the condition of a second pressure value, charging to a third SOC value at a second magnification.
In the above method for forming and grading the battery cell 100, the battery cell 100 is formed under high temperature and high pressure, and then the battery cell 100 is subjected to grading under high pressure. Different from the mode of introducing new materials in the prior art, the method greatly simplifies the process flow, is simpler to operate, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 100. In addition, the obtained battery core 100 has higher liquid retention capacity, higher capacity retention rate of the battery core 100 and lower thickness expansion rate.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the above method for forming a battery cell 100 into a composite component volume further includes the following steps after the pressure volume separation:
and S600, carrying out secondary sealing on the battery cell 100.
Different from the method of "formation-secondary sealing-conventional capacity grading" in the prior art, the method provided in this embodiment uses a process of "formation-pressure capacity grading-secondary sealing" to process the lithium battery cell 100. Through experimental verification, the battery core 100 obtained by the process of formation, pressure capacity grading and secondary sealing has higher liquid retention rate, higher capacity retention rate of the battery core 100 and lower thickness expansion rate.
Optionally, the first pressure value is 0.5 to 1.0MPa, and exemplarily, may be 0.5MPa, 0.75MPa, 1.0MPa, or the like. The first temperature value is 60 to 90 ℃, and illustratively, the first temperature value can be 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃ and the like. The first SOC value is 70% to 95%, and may be 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or the like, for example. The second pressure value is 0.1 to 0.5MPa, and illustratively, may be 0.1MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.5MPa or the like. The first magnification is 0.2 to 1C, and may be, for example, 0.2C, 0.4C, 0.6C, 0.8C, 1.0C, or the like. The second SOC value is 100%. The first preset time and the second preset time may both be 10 minutes. The second magnification is 0.5 to 1C, and may be, for example, 0.5C, 0.75C, 1.0C, or the like. The third SOC value is 50%.
Alternatively, the formation-pressure is carried out in a billion rise detection apparatus having the functions of temperature rise and temperature preservation and constant pressure. In other embodiments, other charging and discharging devices may be employed.
Optionally, the second packet includes venting, drawing free electrolyte away and cutting an air bag for edge folding in a standard manner, the molded cell 100 is weighed as M2, and the air bag is weighed as M3.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a prior art battery cell 100 during capacity grading, in which a conventional battery cell 100 is capacity graded, the battery cell 100 is placed on a circuit board 200 having a charging and discharging capability, and then the circuit board 200 is connected to capacity grading equipment, without applying pressure to the circuit board 200.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the cell capacity grading in this embodiment, a cell 100 to be subjected to capacity grading is placed on a circuit board 200, the circuit board 200 is placed between pressing plates 300, at least two pressing plates 300 are provided, one circuit board 200 is sandwiched between adjacent pressing plates 300, and the circuit board 200 is connected to a charging device. The pressing plate 300 may be a steel plate, and the pressing plate 300 may provide pressure to the battery cell 100, where the size of the pressure can be adjusted, in this embodiment, there are five pressing plates 300, and one circuit board 200 is disposed between two adjacent pressing plates 300, that is, the number of the circuit boards 200 is 4. Optionally, 6 battery cells 100 are disposed on each circuit board 200. By adopting the mode, a plurality of electric cores can be processed simultaneously, the steel plate is simple in structure, convenient to operate and high in working efficiency.
Illustratively, the battery cell 100 is processed by the above method, and the process is as follows:
the battery cell 100 to be formed into a partial volume is charged to 90% SOC at 0.5C by using a hundred million liter detection equipment under the condition of 0.7MPa and 70 ℃. After the battery cell 100 is cooled to room temperature, the battery cell is continuously charged to 100% SOC at 0.2C rate under the pressure condition of 0.4MPa by utilizing Yishengtao detection equipment, and is left for 10min, then the battery cell is discharged to 3.0V at 0.2C rate, and is left for 10min, and finally the battery cell is charged to 50% SOC state at 1C rate. After the formation and capacity grading of the battery core 100 are finished, the battery core 100 formed by exhausting, drawing away free electrolyte and cutting and folding the air bag in a standard mode is weighed to be M2, the weight of the air bag is M3, the weight of the battery core 100 before injection is M0, and the electrolyte holding capacity of the formed battery core 100 is (M2-M0+ M3).
Comparing the processed battery cell with a battery cell obtained by adopting a formation-secondary sealing-conventional capacity grading process, and obtaining the following conclusion:
fig. 4 shows data obtained by a conventional method, that is, a "formation-secondary seal-conventional partial volume" process, fig. 5 shows data obtained by the "formation-pressure partial volume-secondary seal" process in this embodiment, and dots in the figure indicate corresponding liquid retention amounts of the battery cells 100. As can be seen from fig. 4 and fig. 5, the battery cell 100 obtained by the method in this embodiment has a larger liquid retention capacity, and the cycle life of the battery cell 100 is longer.
The conventional capacity grading process and the process in this embodiment are used to test two battery cells 100, and the results obtained by performing cyclic charge and discharge at 25 ℃ for 400 weeks are shown in fig. 6. In fig. 6, the abscissa represents the number of cycles, and the ordinate represents the capacity retention rate of the battery cell 100 (retention rate ═ percentage of weekly discharge capacity/first weekly discharge capacity of the battery cell 100), and it can be seen that the capacity retention rate of the battery cell 100 is higher by the method provided in this example.
The molded battery cell 100 is fully charged at 0.5C rate, the thickness is measured by caliper and recorded as X1, then the battery cell is charged and discharged for 400 weeks according to 0.5C rate, after the circulation is finished, the battery cell is fully charged at 0.5C rate, the thickness is measured by caliper and recorded as X2, and the ratio of (X2-X1)/X1 is the thickness expansion rate. Two battery cells are arranged in different methods, and are subjected to charge-discharge cycle for 400 weeks at 25 ℃, the 400-week thickness expansion rates of the two battery cells 100 obtained by the conventional method are respectively 8.6% and 8.7%, and the 400-week thickness expansion rates of the two battery cells 100 obtained by the method in the embodiment are respectively 7.2% and 7.8%. That is, with the method provided in this embodiment, the 400-cycle thickness expansion rate of the battery cell 100 is lower.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, adaptations and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cell formation pressure capacity grading method is characterized by comprising the following steps of sequentially carrying out formation-pressure capacity grading on a cell:
wherein, the formation comprises the following steps:
s100, charging the battery cell to a first SOC value under the conditions of a first pressure value and a first temperature value, wherein the first pressure value is greater than 0.5MPa, the first temperature value is 60-100 ℃, and the first SOC value is less than 100%;
the pressure capacity grading comprises the following steps:
s200, cooling the battery cell to room temperature;
s300, under the condition of a second pressure value, continuously charging the battery cell to a second SOC value, and carrying out shelving processing for a first preset time, wherein the second pressure value is greater than 0.1MPa and smaller than the second pressure value, and the second SOC value is greater than the first SOC value;
s400, discharging to cut-off voltage at a first multiplying power under the condition of the second pressure value, and standing for a second preset time;
and S500, under the condition of the second pressure value, charging to a third SOC value at a second magnification.
2. The electrical cellularization capacity-sharing method of claim 1, further comprising the following steps after the pressure capacity-sharing:
s600, secondary sealing is conducted on the battery cell.
3. The electrical chemical core formation capacity-sharing method of claim 1, wherein the first pressure value is 0.5-1.0 MPa.
4. The electrical chemical core formation capacity grading method of claim 1, wherein the second pressure value is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
5. The electrical cellularization composition volume-sharing method of claim 1, wherein the first SOC value is 70-95%.
6. The electrical chemical core formation capacity grading method according to claim 1, wherein the first multiplying factor is 0.2-1C.
7. The electrical cellularization compositional volumetric method of claim 1, wherein the second SOC value is 100%.
8. The electrical chemical core formation capacity grading method according to claim 1, wherein the second multiplying factor is 0.5-1C.
9. The electrical cellularization compositional volumetric method of claim 1, wherein the third SOC value is 50%.
10. The electrical coring composition and sizing method of claim 1, wherein the cell is placed on a circuit board and the circuit board is placed between at least two pressure plates, and one circuit board is sandwiched between adjacent pressure plates during the pressure sizing.
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