CN114283553A - Multi-information acquisition's cotton picker fire detection and early warning system - Google Patents
Multi-information acquisition's cotton picker fire detection and early warning system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fire detection and early warning system of a multi-information-acquisition cotton picker, which comprises a master control system and a multi-information-acquisition cotton picker fire detection and identification system; the main control system is arranged in the cockpit and used for displaying fire information, a fire occurrence position and fire alarm; the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition is arranged on the inner side of a picking chamber shell and used for acquiring the temperature of a picking part, the CO concentration and the smoke concentration of the environment of a picking mechanism and abnormal sound information of the picking mechanism in the operation process, processing the acquired information, completing the fire identification of the picking mechanism and sending the identification result to a main control system; the fire information is transmitted by the main control system and the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition in a wireless communication mode.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to intelligent fire detection for cotton harvesting machinery, in particular to a fire detection and early warning system for a cotton picker with multi-information acquisition.
Background art:
cotton is a necessary product for people to live. The cotton yield of China is in the top of the world, Xinjiang is the largest cotton production base of China, the cotton picker is widely used in cotton harvesting at present, and 90% of the cotton pickers in China are concentrated in Xinjiang. The cotton picker is used in large quantity, and meanwhile, fire accidents are caused. During the cotton picking process, the cotton picker is unfavorable to fire monitoring, and the self-ignition of the cotton picker can directly endanger the personal safety of a driver and the personal interests of cotton farmers. Therefore, in order to adapt to the increase of the number of cotton pickers and the consideration of the safety of the cotton pickers and reduce the economic loss of farmers, the development of a fire early warning device for the cotton pickers is urgently needed.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problem that aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a fire detection and early warning system of a cotton picker with multi-information acquisition, which can carry out early warning in time at the initial stage of fire of the cotton picker.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a fire detection and early warning system of a multi-information-acquisition cotton picker comprises a master control system and a multi-information-acquisition cotton picker fire detection and identification system;
the fire detection and identification system of the cotton picker with multi-information acquisition is used for acquiring the temperature of a picking part, the CO concentration and the smoke concentration of the environment of the picking mechanism and the abnormal sound information of the picking mechanism in the operation process, processing the acquired information, completing the identification of the fire of the picking mechanism and sending the identification result to the master control system; the main control system determines to send out a control instruction when a fire disaster occurs according to the judgment result, and automatically closes a picking head air supply pipe and a cotton conveying pipe gate corresponding to the fire disaster;
the main control system is used for receiving fire information of the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition, and when a fire occurs, the main control system carries out fire alarm and displays the occurrence position of the fire; the fire information is transmitted by the main control system and the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition in a wireless communication mode;
the master control system comprises a master control MCU, a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit, a digital display module, an audible and visual alarm module, a wireless receiving module and a power supply module;
the main control MCU is used for reading the working state of the wireless receiving module, acquiring fire information and data of the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition, and outputting results to the digital display module and the sound-light alarm module after analysis and processing;
the power supply module is connected with the main control MCU, the digital display module, the sound-light alarm module and the wireless receiving module;
the crystal oscillator circuit comprises a crystal oscillator element and a capacitor element, is connected with the master control MCU and is used for providing a stable clock source for the master control MCU;
the reset circuit comprises a reset button, a resistance element and a capacitance element, is connected with the main control MCU and is used for controlling the reset state of the main control MCU in the power-on or reset process;
the digital display module comprises a digital display element, a resistance element and a resistor array, and is connected with the main control MCU and used for displaying fire information and the position of a fire;
the sound and light alarm module comprises a buzzer and an LED, and is connected with the main control MCU and used for alarming by the buzzer and flashing the LED when fire disaster characteristics exist;
the wireless receiving module is connected with the main control MCU and used for completing wireless data communication between the main control system and the multi-information-acquisition cotton picker fire detection and identification system, and the wireless receiving module receives and identifies data sent by different sending module channels;
the fire detection and identification system of the cotton picker with multi-information acquisition comprises a multi-information acquisition system, a data processing system, a power supply conversion module and a wireless sending module, and is used for acquiring and analyzing fire information to complete identification and judgment of fire;
the multi-information acquisition system comprises a temperature acquisition module, a CO acquisition module, a smoke acquisition module and a sound acquisition module, and is used for acquiring the temperature of the picking part, the CO concentration and the smoke concentration of the environment of the picking mechanism and the abnormal sound information of the picking mechanism in the operation process;
the data processing system comprises an STM32 single chip microcomputer, a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit, wherein the STM32 single chip microcomputer is connected with a temperature acquisition module, a CO acquisition module, a smoke acquisition module and a sound acquisition module, and the acquired monitoring values of the temperature of the picking part, the CO concentration and the smoke concentration of the environment of the picking mechanism and the abnormal sound information of the picking mechanism in the operation process are compared and analyzed with a set threshold value;
the power supply conversion module comprises a +12V to +5V circuit and a +5V to +3.3V circuit, is used for reducing the instability of the internal voltage of the system, and meets the requirement of providing +3.3V voltage for the data processing system, the temperature acquisition module and the wireless transmission module and providing +5V power supply voltage for the CO acquisition module, the smoke acquisition module and the sound acquisition module;
the wireless transmitting module transmits the fire information detected by the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition to the wireless receiving module of the main control system;
the number of channels occupied by the wireless transmitting modules is determined by the number of picking lines of the cotton picker.
The temperature acquisition module comprises a temperature sensor, two pull-up resistors and a capacitor and is used for acquiring the temperature of the picking mechanism in real time;
the temperature sensor converts the acquired temperature signal into a digital signal and the digital signal passes through SCL/VZ, PWM/SDA pins and PB10/I of an STM32 singlechip2C2_SCL、PB11/I2C2An SDA connection;
the CO acquisition module comprises a CO sensor and a pull-up resistor, and the CO sensor is used for acquiring a CO concentration signal of a working area of the picking mechanism in real time;
the CO sensor adopts a voltage acquisition mode; the VO end of the CO sensor is connected with the STM32 singlechip, a CO concentration signal of the picking mechanism is sent to the STM32 singlechip for signal processing, and RXD and TXD of the CO sensor are connected with the serial port of the STM32 singlechip;
the smoke acquisition module comprises a smoke sensor and a signal amplification circuit, and the smoke sensor is used for acquiring smoke concentration signals of the working area of the picking mechanism in real time; the signal amplification circuit is directly connected with the smoke sensor and is used for amplifying the concentration signal of the smoke sensor and outputting a 0-5V analog voltage signal after amplification, and the analog voltage signal is sent to the STM32 singlechip;
the sound acquisition module comprises a sound acquisition element and a signal processing circuit; the sound acquisition element is used for acquiring sound signals of the picking mechanism in real time, and is connected with the signal processing circuit; the signal processing circuit is used for denoising and amplifying sound, the processed sound signal is a 0-5V analog voltage signal, and the analog voltage signal is directly sent to an STM32 singlechip.
The crystal oscillator circuit comprises a system clock source, an external crystal oscillator of 8MHz and a passive crystal oscillator of 32.768kHz are selected for providing a stable clock source for the STM32 singlechip; the reset circuit is used for controlling the reset state of the STM32 singlechip in the power-on or reset process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a fire detection and identification system of a cotton picker with multi-information acquisition, which is arranged on a picking mechanism, is close to the front detection position, jointly predicts the fire condition of the operation process according to the temperature change of the picking mechanism, the CO concentration change, the smoke concentration change and the multi-characteristic quantity of the abnormal sound of the picking mechanism at the initial smoldering stage of cotton, and performs real-time detection and early warning;
compared with the prior art, the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multiple information acquisition functions can achieve sound and light alarm at the beginning of cotton smoldering, remind drivers to process, avoid fire, and early warn and prevent cotton fire in the harvesting operation process of the cotton picker.
Description of the drawings:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall system architecture
FIG. 2 is a control circuit diagram of a master control system
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sensor layout of a multi-information-acquisition cotton picker fire detection and identification system
FIG. 4 is a control circuit diagram of a fire detection and identification system of a multi-information collection cotton picker
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a temperature acquisition module
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a CO collection module
Figure 7 is a smoke collection module circuit diagram
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a sound collection module
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a crystal oscillator
FIG. 10 is a reset circuit diagram
FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of a wireless transmission module
FIG. 12 is a power conversion circuit diagram
Description of reference numerals: 1-master control MCU; 2-a crystal oscillator circuit; 3-a reset circuit; 4-a digital display module; 5-a sound and light alarm module; 6-a wireless receiving module; 7-a power supply module; 8-a multi-information acquisition system; 9-a data processing system; 10-a power conversion module; 11-a wireless transmission module; 12-a temperature acquisition module; 13-CO collection module; 14-a smoke collection module; 15-a sound collection module; 101-picking and fixing the seat tube; 102-spindle bevel gear; 103-crank throw; 104-a roller; 105-a guide groove; 106-transmission gear; 107-roller shaft; 108-spindle drive gear; 109-picking spindle seat pipe shaft; 110-spindle; 111-doffing disc; 201-a first capacitance; 202-a second capacitance; 203-crystal oscillator element; 301-a first resistance; 302-a reset switch; 303-a third capacitance; 304-a second resistance; 401-digital display element; 402-exclusion, 403-third resistance; 501-light emitting diode; 502-fourth resistance; 503-a fifth resistance; 504-triode; 505-a switch button; 506-a buzzer; 601-a wireless receiving element; 602-a fourth capacitance; 603-a sixth resistor; 604-diode group; 701-a temperature sensor; 702-a seventh resistance; 703-an eighth resistor; 704-a fifth capacitance; 801-CO sensors; 802-ninth resistor; 901-a smoke sensor; 902-tenth resistance; 903-eleventh resistor; 904 — twelfth resistor; 905-a first adjustable resistance; 906-thirteenth resistance; 907-signal processing chip; 908-a second adjustable resistance; 1001-sound collection element; 1002-a fourteenth resistance; 1003-sixth capacitance; 1004-fifteenth resistance; 1005-a seventh capacitance; 1006-sixteenth resistance; 1007-seventeenth resistor; 1008-an eighteenth resistor; 1009 — eighth capacitance; 1010-nineteenth resistor; 1011-twentieth resistance; 1012-ninth capacitance; 1013-twenty-first resistance; 1014-a twenty-second resistance; 1015-tenth capacitance; 1016-sound signal processing chip; 1101-an eleventh capacitance; 1102 — a twelfth capacitor; 1103 — a first crystal oscillator element; 1104-a twenty-third resistance; 1105-a thirteenth capacitor; 1106-fourteenth capacitance; 1107 — second crystal element; 1201-twenty-fourth resistance; 1202-a twenty-fifth resistor; 1203-reset switch; 1204-a fifteenth capacitance; 1301-a wireless transmission element; 1302-a sixteenth capacitance; 1303-twenty-sixth resistor; 1401-a seventeenth capacitor; 1402-eighteenth capacitance; 1403-nineteenth capacitance, 1404-twentieth capacitance; 1405-three terminal regulator LM 7805; 1406-a twenty-first capacitance; 1407-a twenty-second capacitance; 1408-a twenty-third capacitance; 1409-a twenty-fourth capacitance; 1410-three terminal regulator ASM 1117.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 12:
in fig. 1, a fire detection and early warning system for a multi-information-acquisition cotton picker comprises a main control system and a multi-information-acquisition cotton picker fire detection and identification system.
The main control system is used for receiving fire information of the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition, when a fire disaster occurs, the main control system carries out fire alarm and displays the occurrence position of the fire disaster, and according to a judgment result, the main control system determines to send out a control instruction when the fire disaster occurs and automatically closes a picking head air supply pipe and a cotton conveying pipe gate corresponding to the fire disaster; the master control system comprises a master control MCU1, a crystal oscillator circuit 2, a reset circuit 3, a digital display module 4, an audible and visual alarm module 5, a wireless receiving module 6 and a power supply module 7.
The fire detection and identification system for the cotton picker with multi-information acquisition comprises a multi-information acquisition system 8, a data processing system 9, a power supply conversion module 10 and a wireless transmission module 11, and is used for acquiring the temperature of a picking part, the CO concentration and the smoke concentration of the environment of the picking mechanism, acquiring abnormal sound information of the picking mechanism in the operation process, comparing and analyzing a monitoring value with a set threshold value, completing the identification and judgment of a fire condition, and transmitting an identification result to a main control system.
In fig. 2, the main control system includes a main control MCU1, a crystal oscillator circuit 2, a reset circuit 3, a digital display module 4, an audible and visual alarm module 5, a wireless receiving module 6, and a power module 7; the crystal oscillator circuit 2 provides working signal pulses for the main control circuit MCU1, the crystal oscillator circuit 2 comprises a first capacitor 201, a second capacitor 202 and a crystal oscillator element 203, the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins of the main control circuit MCU1 are grounded through the first capacitor 201 and the second capacitor 202 respectively, and the crystal oscillator element 203 is connected in parallel between the XTAL1 and the XTAL2 pins of the main control circuit MCU 1; the reset circuit 3 is used for controlling the reset state of the CPU in the power-on or reset process, the reset circuit 3 comprises a first resistor 301, a reset switch 302, a third capacitor 303 and a second resistor 304, the first resistor 301 is connected with the reset switch 302 in series, the third capacitor 303 is connected to two ends of a serial branch of the first resistor 301 and the reset switch 302 in parallel, the parallel circuit is connected between the RST pin of the MCU1 and the +5V power supply, and the RST pin is grounded through the second resistor 304; the digital display module 4 is used for displaying fire information and a fire occurrence position when a fire occurs, the digital display module 4 comprises a digital display element 401, a resistor pack 402 and a third resistor 403, data bits D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 of the digital display element 401 are respectively connected with pins P0 of a main control MCU P0.0, P0.1, P0.2, P0.3, P0.4, P0.5, P0.6 and P0.7 to finish the transmission of the fire data and the fire position information, a VO end of the digital display element 401 is grounded through a pull-down third resistor 403, a VSS end of the digital display element 401 is grounded, a VDD end of the digital display element 401 is connected with a +5V power supply, a power supply end of the resistor pack 402 is connected with a +5V power supply, the power supply is connected with a P0 port through the resistor pack 402 to drive the digital display element 401, and a resistor pack 402 end is respectively connected with P0.8290, P0.0.0, P0.1, P0.6, P0.0.7, P0.6 and P0.7 of the P4 port; the acousto-optic alarm module 5 is used for giving an alarm when early fire characteristics occur, the acousto-optic alarm module 5 comprises a light emitting diode 501, a fourth resistor 502, a fifth resistor 503, a triode 504, a switch button 505 and a buzzer 506, a pin P3.0 of a main control MCU1 is connected with the light emitting diode 501, the light emitting diode 501 is connected with a +5V power supply through the fourth resistor 502, a pin P3.1 of a main control MCU1 is connected with the base electrode of the triode 504 through the fifth resistor 503, the collector electrode of the triode 504 is connected with the +5V power supply, an emission set is connected with the positive electrode end of the buzzer, the negative electrode end of the buzzer is grounded, when early disaster characteristics exist, the pin P3.0 of the main control MCU1 outputs low level, the light emitting diode 501 is conducted, the buzzer 506 is conducted to give an alarm, meanwhile, an LED flickers, and the buzzer alarm is controlled to be interrupted through the external switch button 505; the wireless receiving module 6 is used for receiving the information of the wireless transmitting module 11, the wireless receiving module 6 includes a wireless receiving element 601, a fourth capacitor 602, a sixth resistor 603 and a diode group 604, the main control system MCU 1P 1 port P1.2, P1.3, P1.4, P1.5, P1.6 and P1.7 are respectively connected with CE, CSN, SCK, MOSI, MISO and MIQ of the wireless receiving element for inputting the fire information and fire location information sent by the wireless receiving module 6 into the main control system, the fourth capacitor 602 and the sixth resistor 603 are connected in parallel with the wireless receiving element 601 and the power end, and the wireless receiving element 601 is connected with a +5V power supply through the diode group 604 to meet the voltage requirement of 1.9V-3.3V.
In fig. 3, the fire detection and identification system of the cotton picker with multi-information acquisition is installed at the inner side of the picking chamber shell, and the transmission system of the picking mechanism in the cotton picker picking chamber comprises a spindle seat pipe 101, a spindle bevel gear 102, a crank 103, a roller 104, a guide groove 105, a transmission gear 106, a roller shaft 107, a spindle transmission gear 108, a spindle seat pipe shaft 109, a spindle 110 and a cotton stripping disc 111.
In fig. 4, the fire detection and identification system for the cotton picker with multiple information acquisition comprises a multiple information acquisition system 8, a data processing system 9, a power conversion module 10 and a wireless transmission module 11; the multi-information acquisition system 8 comprises a temperature acquisition module 12, a CO acquisition module 13, a smoke acquisition module 14 and a sound acquisition module 15, and is used for acquiring the temperature of the picking part, the CO concentration and the smoke concentration of the environment of the picking mechanism and acquiring abnormal sound information of the picking mechanism in the operation process.
In fig. 5, the temperature acquisition module 12 is used for acquiring the temperature of the picking units, and the temperature acquisition module 12 includes a temperature sensor 701, two pull-up resistors (a seventh resistor 702 and an eighth resistor 703, respectively) and a capacitor (a fifth capacitor 704) for acquiring the temperature of the picking mechanism in real time; temperature sensor 701 is connected with PB10, PB11 of STM32 singlechip respectively through SDA, SCL pin and realizes the transmission of gathering temperature data, and temperature sensor 701 pin SDA and pin SCL two signal pins are connected with +3.3V power respectively through seventh resistance 702, eighth resistance 703 of pulling up, and temperature sensor 701 pin VDD connects +3.3V power through fifth electric capacity 704, and temperature sensor 701 pin GND ground connection.
In fig. 6, the CO collection module 13 is used for collecting CO concentration in the environment of the picking mechanism, and includes a CO sensor 801 and a ninth resistor 802, a pin VO end of the CO sensor 801 is grounded through the ninth resistor 802, and the CO sensor 801 sends a collected CO concentration signal to an STM32 single chip microcomputer through the VO end; the CO sensor 801 is communicated with the data processing module through pins RXD and TXD of the serial port; the CO sensor 801 is communicated with the STM32 single chip microcomputer through a serial port, an active reporting mode is adopted, a current concentration value is sent at an interval of 1S in the active reporting mode, the concentration value is converted into a communication character, and the communication character is sent to the data processing module.
In fig. 7, the smoke collection module 14 is used for the collection of the smoke concentration of the picker mechanism environment, the smoke acquisition module comprises a smoke sensor 901, a tenth resistor 902, an eleventh resistor 903, a twelfth resistor 904, a first adjustable resistor 905, a thirteenth resistor 906, a signal processing chip 907 and a second adjustable resistor 908, wherein 1, 2 and 3 of the smoke sensor 901 are connected with a +5V power supply, 5 pins are grounded through the tenth resistor 902, 4 and 6 of the smoke sensor 901 are connected with pin 3 of the signal processing chip 907 through the eleventh resistor 903, one end of the twelfth resistor 904 is connected between the 4 and 6 of the smoke sensor 901 and the pin 3 of the signal processing chip 907, the other end of the twelfth resistor 904 is grounded, pin 1 of the signal processing chip 907 is connected with a fixed end 905 of the first adjustable resistor through the thirteenth resistor 906, the other fixed end of the first adjustable resistor 905 is grounded, and pin 2 of the signal processing chip 907 is connected with an adjustable end of the first adjustable resistor 905; the pin 1 of the signal processing chip 907 is connected with the fixed end and the adjustable end of the second adjustable resistor 908 at the same time, and the other fixed end of the second adjustable resistor 908 is connected with a pin PA1_ ADCIN1 of an STM32 singlechip; pin 8 of the signal processing chip 907 is connected with a +5V power supply, and pin 4 of the signal processing chip 907 is grounded; the smoke sensor 901 collects smoke concentration signals and amplifies the signals through the signal processing chip 907.
In fig. 8, the sound collection module 15 is used for collecting abnormal sound information of a picking mechanism in a working process, and includes a sound collection element 1001, a fourteenth resistor 1002, a sixth capacitor 1003, a fifteenth resistor 1004, a seventh capacitor 1005, a sixteenth resistor 1006, a seventeenth resistor 1007, an eighteenth resistor 1008, an eighth capacitor 1009, a nineteenth resistor 1010, a twentieth resistor 1011, a ninth capacitor 1012, a twenty-first resistor 1013, a twenty-second resistor 1014, a tenth capacitor 1015, a sound signal processing chip 1016, wherein the sound collection element 1001 is connected with a pin 3 of a sound signal processing chip 1016 through the fourteenth resistor 1002 and the fifteenth resistor 1004, one end of the seventh capacitor 1005 is connected to a connection line between the fifteenth resistor 1004 and the pin 3 of the sound signal processing chip 1016, and the other end is grounded; one end of the sixth capacitor 1003 is connected between the fourteenth resistor 1002 and the fifteenth resistor 1004, the other end is connected with pin 1 of the sound signal processing chip 1016, pin 1 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is connected with pin 2 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 through the sixteenth resistor 1006, and pin 2 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is grounded through the seventeenth resistor 1007; pin 4 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is grounded; the pin 1 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is connected with the pin 7 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 through an eighteenth resistor 1008 and an eighth capacitor 1009 to form a closed loop feedback loop, the pin 1 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is connected with the pin 5 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 through the eighteenth resistor 1008 and a nineteenth resistor 1010, the pin 5 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is grounded through a ninth capacitor 1012, the pin 7 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is connected with a PB1 of an STM32 single chip microcomputer through a twenty-second resistor 1014, the pin 7 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is grounded through a twenty-second resistor 1014 and a tenth capacitor 1015, the pin 7 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is connected with the pin 6 through a twentieth resistor 1011, the pin 6 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is grounded through a twenty-first resistor 1013, and the pin 1016 8 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 is connected with a +5V power supply.
The data processing system 9 comprises an STM32 single chip microcomputer, a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit; the PB10 and PB11 pins of the STM32 singlechip are connected with the SDA and SCL of the temperature acquisition module 12 to finish temperature signal acquisition; pins PA8, PA9 and PA10 of the STM32 singlechip are respectively connected with VO, serial ports RXD and TXD ends of the CO acquisition module 13 to complete transmission and communication of CO concentration data; a PA1_ ADCIN1 pin of the STM32 singlechip is connected with a pin 1 of a signal processing chip 907 in the smoke acquisition module 14 to finish the acquisition of smoke concentration data; a PB1 pin of the STM32 singlechip is connected with a pin 7 of the sound signal processing chip 1016 to finish the collection of sound signals; the STM32 single chip microcomputer is used for converting analog voltage signals monitored by CO concentration, smoke concentration and sound signals into digital signals, comparing and analyzing temperature signals, CO concentration, smoke concentration and sound signals with set threshold values, and finishing the identification and judgment of fire; IN fig. 9, the crystal oscillator circuit includes an external crystal oscillator with a system clock source of 8MHz and a passive crystal oscillator with a system clock source of 32.768kHz, the external crystal oscillator circuit with a system clock source of 8MHz includes an eleventh capacitor 1101, a twelfth capacitor 1102, a first crystal oscillator element 1103, and a twenty-third resistor 1104, the first crystal oscillator element 1103 is connected IN parallel with the twenty-third resistor 1104, and two terminals connected IN parallel are respectively connected with an OSC-IN-PD0 and an OSC-OUT-PD1 of an STM32 single chip microcomputer, wherein a terminal of the OSC-IN-PD0 is grounded through the eleventh capacitor 1101, and a terminal of the OSC-OUT-PD1 is grounded through the twelfth capacitor 1102; the 32.768kHz passive crystal oscillator circuit comprises a thirteenth capacitor 1105, a fourteenth capacitor 1106 and a second crystal oscillator element 1107, wherein two terminals of the second crystal oscillator element 1107 are respectively connected with a PC14-OSC32-IN terminal and a PC15-OSC32-OUT terminal of an STM32 singlechip, wherein the PC14-OSC32-IN terminal is connected through the thirteenth capacitor 1105, and the PC15-OSC32-OUT terminal is grounded through the fourteenth capacitor 1106; in fig. 10, the reset circuit is used for controlling the reset state of the CPU during power-on or reset, the reset circuit includes a twenty-fourth resistor 1201, a twenty-fifth resistor 1202, a reset switch 1203, a fifteenth capacitor 1204, a +3.3V power supply is grounded through the twenty-fourth resistor 1201 and the fifteenth capacitor 1204, a connecting line between the twenty-fourth resistor 1201 and the fifteenth capacitor 1204 leads out a branch to connect with the NRST end of the STM32 single chip microcomputer, and the twenty-fifth resistor 1202 and the reset switch 1203 are connected in series between the non-power connection end of the twenty-fourth resistor 1201 and the ground.
In fig. 11, the wireless transmitting module 11 is connected to an STM32 single chip microcomputer, and is configured to transmit the fire information output by the data processing system 9 to the wireless receiving module of the main control system through the wireless transmitting module, where the wireless transmitting module includes a wireless transmitting element 1301, a sixteenth capacitor 1302, and a twenty-sixth resistor 1303, the PA2, PA3, PA4, PA5, PA6, and PA7 of the STM32 single chip microcomputer are respectively connected to the CE, CSN, SCK, MOSI, MISO, and MIQ of the wireless transmitting element, the sixteenth capacitor 1302, and the twenty-sixth resistor 1303 are connected to the ground terminal and the power terminal of the wireless transmitting element 1301, and the terminal 2 of the wireless transmitting element 1301 is connected to a +3.3V power supply.
In fig. 12, a power conversion module 10 obtains a voltage of +5V by using a three-terminal voltage regulator through a voltage of +12V output by a storage battery, and then converts the voltage of +5V into a voltage of +3.3V by using a forward low-voltage-drop voltage regulator, and the power conversion module 10 provides the voltage of +3.3V for a data processing system 9, a temperature acquisition module 12 and a wireless transmission module 11, and provides the voltage of +5V for a CO acquisition module 13, a smoke acquisition module 14 and a sound acquisition module 15; the circuit for acquiring the +5V voltage by utilizing the +12V voltage output by the storage battery through the three-terminal voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a seventeenth capacitor 1401, an eighteenth capacitor 1402, a nineteenth capacitor 1403, a twentieth capacitor 1404 and a three-terminal regulator LM 78051405; the +12V power supply output by the storage battery is connected with the input end Vin of the three-terminal regulator LM 78051405, the three-terminal regulator LM 78051405 outputs +5V voltage, the seventeenth capacitor 1401 and the eighteenth capacitor 1402 are connected between the input end of the three-terminal regulator LM 78051405 and the ground in parallel, and the nineteenth capacitor 1403 and the twentieth capacitor 1404 are connected between the +5V output end of the three-terminal regulator LM 78051405 and the ground in parallel; the circuit for converting +5V voltage into +3.3V voltage comprises a twenty-first capacitor 1406, a twenty-second capacitor 1407, a twenty-third capacitor 1408, a twenty-fourth capacitor 1409 and a three-terminal regulator ASM 11171410, wherein the input end of the three-terminal regulator ASM 11171410 is connected with a +5V power supply, the three-terminal regulator ASM 11171410 outputs +3.3V voltage, the twenty-first capacitor 1406 and the twenty-second capacitor 1407 are connected between the input end of the three-terminal regulator ASM 11171410 and the ground in parallel, and the twenty-third capacitor 1408 and the twenty-fourth capacitor 1409 are connected between the output end of the three-terminal regulator ASM 11171410 and the ground in parallel.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a cotton picker fire detection and early warning system of many information acquisition which characterized in that: the fire detection and identification system comprises a master control system and a multi-information acquisition cotton picker fire detection and identification system;
the fire detection and identification system of the cotton picker with multi-information acquisition is used for acquiring the temperature of a picking part, the CO concentration and the smoke concentration of the environment of the picking mechanism and the abnormal sound information of the picking mechanism in the operation process, processing the acquired information, completing the identification of the fire of the picking mechanism and sending the identification result to the master control system; the main control system determines to send out a control instruction when a fire disaster occurs according to the judgment result, and automatically closes a picking head air supply pipe and a cotton conveying pipe gate corresponding to the fire disaster;
the main control system is used for receiving fire information of the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition, and when a fire occurs, the main control system carries out fire alarm and displays the occurrence position of the fire; the fire information is transmitted by the main control system and the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition in a wireless communication mode;
the master control system comprises a master control MCU, a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit, a digital display module, an audible and visual alarm module, a wireless receiving module and a power supply module;
the main control MCU is used for reading the working state of the wireless receiving module, acquiring fire information and data of the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition, and outputting results to the digital display module and the sound-light alarm module after analysis and processing;
the power supply module is connected with the main control MCU, the digital display module, the sound-light alarm module and the wireless receiving module;
the crystal oscillator circuit comprises a crystal oscillator element and a capacitor element, is connected with the master control MCU and is used for providing a stable clock source for the master control MCU;
the reset circuit comprises a reset button, a resistance element and a capacitance element, is connected with the main control MCU and is used for controlling the reset state of the main control MCU in the power-on or reset process;
the digital display module comprises a digital display element, a resistance element and a resistor array, and is connected with the main control MCU and used for displaying fire information and the position of a fire;
the sound and light alarm module comprises a buzzer and an LED, and is connected with the main control MCU and used for alarming by the buzzer and flashing the LED when fire disaster characteristics exist;
the wireless receiving module is connected with the main control MCU and used for completing wireless data communication between the main control system and the multi-information-acquisition cotton picker fire detection and identification system, and the wireless receiving module receives and identifies data sent by different sending module channels;
the fire detection and identification system of the cotton picker with multi-information acquisition comprises a multi-information acquisition system, a data processing system, a power conversion module and a wireless sending module, and is used for acquiring and analyzing fire information to complete identification and judgment of fire;
the multi-information acquisition system comprises a temperature acquisition module, a CO acquisition module, a smoke acquisition module and a sound acquisition module, and is used for acquiring the temperature of the picking part, the CO concentration and the smoke concentration of the environment of the picking mechanism and the abnormal sound information of the picking mechanism in the operation process;
the data processing system comprises an STM32 single chip microcomputer, a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit, wherein the STM32 single chip microcomputer is connected with a temperature acquisition module, a CO acquisition module, a smoke acquisition module and a sound acquisition module, and the acquired picking part temperature, the CO concentration and the smoke concentration of the environment of the picking mechanism and the monitoring value of abnormal sound information of the picking mechanism in the operation process are compared and analyzed with a set threshold value;
the power supply conversion module comprises a +12V to +5V circuit and a +5V to +3.3V circuit, is used for reducing the instability of the internal voltage of the system, and meets the requirement of providing +3.3V voltage for the data processing system, the temperature acquisition module and the wireless transmission module and providing +5V power supply voltage for the CO acquisition module, the smoke acquisition module and the sound acquisition module;
the wireless transmitting module transmits the fire information detected by the cotton picker fire detection and identification system with multi-information acquisition to the wireless receiving module of the main control system;
the number of channels occupied by the wireless transmitting modules is determined by the number of picking lines of the cotton picker.
2. The fire detection and early warning system for the cotton picker with multiple information acquisitions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature acquisition module comprises a temperature sensor, two pull-up resistors and a capacitor and is used for acquiring the temperature of the picking mechanism in real time;
the temperature sensor converts the acquired temperature signal into a digital signal and the digital signal passes through SCL/VZ, PWM/SDA pins and PB10/I of an STM32 singlechip2C2_SCL、PB11/I2C2An SDA connection;
the CO acquisition module comprises a CO sensor and a pull-up resistor, and the CO sensor is used for acquiring a CO concentration signal of a working area of the picking mechanism in real time;
the CO sensor adopts a voltage acquisition mode; the VO end of the CO sensor is connected with the STM32 singlechip, a CO concentration signal of the picking mechanism is sent to the STM32 singlechip for signal processing, and RXD and TXD of the CO sensor are connected with the serial port of the STM32 singlechip;
the smoke collecting module comprises a smoke sensor and a signal amplifying circuit, and the smoke sensor is used for collecting smoke concentration signals of the working area of the picking mechanism in real time; the signal amplification circuit is directly connected with the smoke sensor and is used for amplifying the concentration signal of the smoke sensor and outputting a 0-5V analog voltage signal after amplification, and the analog voltage signal is sent to the STM32 singlechip;
the sound acquisition module comprises a sound acquisition element and a signal processing circuit; the sound acquisition element is used for acquiring sound signals of the picking mechanism in real time, and is connected with the signal processing circuit; the signal processing circuit is used for denoising and amplifying sound, the processed sound signal is a 0-5V analog voltage signal, and the analog voltage signal is directly sent to an STM32 singlechip.
3. The fire detection and early warning system for the cotton picker with multiple information acquisitions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the crystal oscillator circuit comprises a system clock source, an external crystal oscillator of 8MHz and a passive crystal oscillator of 32.768kHz are selected for providing a stable clock source for the STM32 singlechip; the reset circuit is used for controlling the reset state of the STM32 singlechip in the power-on or reset process.
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