CN114281588A - Data recovery method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents
Data recovery method, device, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a data recovery method, device, equipment and medium, comprising: scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk; recovering a first mapping table from host logical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks to flash memory physical addresses; and reading data from the abnormal solid state disk based on the first mapping table to obtain recovery data. Therefore, when the abnormal solid state disk cannot be normally accessed, the mapping table from the host logical address to the flash memory physical address is restored, and data recovery is carried out by using the mapping table, so that the data recovery of the solid state disk can be realized under the condition that the solid state disk cannot be normally accessed.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of data recovery technologies, and in particular, to a data recovery method, apparatus, device, and medium.
Background
The data recovery is to recover the lost data in all the computer-related storage devices to restore the lost data to normal data. The data loss is caused by many reasons, including storage medium failure, software and hardware failure, abnormal power failure, crash, virus damage, hacker intrusion, personnel misoperation, operating system failure, password loss and the like. The solid state disk is an important storage device, and when the solid state disk is abnormal, data stored in the solid state disk is lost. The existing solid state disk data recovery methods are numerous, and mainly aim at two conditions, wherein one condition is that the solid state disk is intact, the data loss caused by virus infection, error formatting, error deletion partition, system reinstallation, abnormal power failure, logic error, sector damage, solid state disk drive failure and the like is recovered; and secondly, recovering data under the condition that the solid state disk is physically damaged, such as DRAM fault, DRAM welding fault, main control chip hardware fault, main control chip welding fault, NAND particle welding fault and the like.
At present, an existing data recovery tool is generally directed to the situation that a solid state disk can be normally accessed, but if an abnormality that the solid state disk cannot be normally accessed occurs in the use process, such as the situations of disk suspension and the like, some suspensions can be recovered by powering on and powering off again, and some suspensions cannot be recovered after powering on and powering off, which is also called "brick change", is that the solid state disk cannot identify the hard disk to cause user data loss, and can only be repaired in a mode of re-opening the card, but the user data can also be completely lost. Although the solid state disk is designed in consideration of a plurality of reliability aspects in the design process, most abnormal scenes can ensure the normal use of the solid state disk through the exception handling of firmware. However, when the solid state disk has an abnormal condition that the solid state disk cannot be normally accessed, such as an unrecoverable suspend condition, it is described that the firmware in the disk is not processable, and how to perform data recovery is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present application is to provide a data recovery method, apparatus, device and medium, which can implement data recovery of a solid state disk under the condition that the solid state disk cannot be normally accessed. The specific scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application discloses a data recovery method, including:
scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk;
recovering a first mapping table from host logical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks to flash memory physical addresses;
and reading data from the abnormal solid state disk based on the first mapping table to obtain recovery data.
Optionally, the recovering the first mapping table from the host logical address to the flash memory physical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks includes:
acquiring a second mapping table from the flash memory physical address to the host logical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks from a preset mapping table storage area of the abnormal solid state disk;
and recovering the first mapping table from the host logical address to the flash memory physical address by using the second mapping table.
Optionally, if the preset mapping table storage area is damaged, the recovering the first mapping table from the host logical address to the flash memory physical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks includes:
scanning each data page in all the data blocks to obtain metadata information stored in each data page;
and recovering a first mapping table from host logical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks to flash memory physical addresses based on the metadata information.
Optionally, the obtaining, from the preset mapping table storage area of the abnormal solid state disk, the second mapping table from the flash memory physical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks to the host logical address includes:
sequencing the serial numbers of all the data blocks to obtain a sequencing result; wherein the sequence number is a sequence number determined based on a data writing order;
and acquiring a second mapping table from the flash memory physical address to the host logical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks from a preset mapping table storage area of the abnormal solid state disk based on the sequencing result.
Optionally, before scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk, the method further includes:
and setting the abnormal solid state disk to be in a read-only state.
Optionally, after the setting the abnormal solid state disk to the read-only state, the method further includes:
inquiring the encryption state of the abnormal solid state disk;
and if the encryption state is encryption, decrypting the abnormal solid state disk.
Optionally, after the data is read from the abnormal solid state disk based on the first mapping table and recovery data is obtained, the method further includes:
and copying the recovered data to a new solid state disk.
In a second aspect, the present application discloses a data recovery apparatus, comprising:
the data block scanning module is used for scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk;
the first mapping table recovery module is used for recovering a first mapping table from host logical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks to flash memory physical addresses;
and the data recovery module is used for reading data from the abnormal solid state disk based on the first mapping table to obtain recovered data.
In a third aspect, the present application discloses an electronic device, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for executing the computer program to implement the aforementioned data recovery method.
In a fourth aspect, the present application discloses a computer readable storage medium for storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned data recovery method.
Therefore, all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk are scanned firstly, then the first mapping table from the host logical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks to the flash memory physical address is recovered, and finally the data is read from the abnormal solid state disk based on the first mapping table to obtain the recovered data. Therefore, when the abnormal solid state disk cannot be normally accessed, the mapping table from the host logical address to the flash memory physical address is restored, and data recovery is carried out by using the mapping table, so that the data recovery of the solid state disk can be realized under the condition that the solid state disk cannot be normally accessed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a data recovery method disclosed herein;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a particular data recovery method disclosed herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific device connection disclosed herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific device connection disclosed herein;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data recovery apparatus according to the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of an electronic device disclosed in the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
At present, an existing data recovery tool is generally directed to the situation that a solid state disk can be normally accessed, but if an abnormality that the solid state disk cannot be normally accessed occurs in the use process, such as the situations of disk suspension and the like, some suspensions can be recovered by powering on and powering off again, and some suspensions cannot be recovered by powering on and powering off again, which is also called as brick change, the existing data recovery tool means that the solid state disk cannot identify the hard disk to cause user data loss, and can only be repaired in a card re-opening mode, but the user data can also be completely lost. Therefore, the data recovery scheme is provided, and the data recovery of the solid state disk can be realized under the condition that the solid state disk cannot be normally accessed.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application discloses a data recovery method, including:
step S11: and scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk.
It should be noted that an SSD (Solid State Drive) is an important storage device, and usually a semiconductor Flash memory (NAND Flash) is used as a medium, and the main hardware components are a main control, a storage chip, an interface (including SATA, PCIe, etc.), a PCB (including a power chip, a resistor, a capacitor, etc.), and a cache chip DRAM (optional). The solid state disk internally runs Firmware (Firmware) and is responsible for scheduling reading and writing of data from an interface end to a medium end, and performing core internal algorithms such as flash memory resource management, mapping and management of host addresses to flash memory physical positions, garbage recovery, power failure recovery and the like. The solid state disk is abnormal, and data stored in the solid state disk is lost.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, before scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk, the method further includes: and setting the abnormal solid state disk to be in a read-only state.
Further, the encryption state of the abnormal solid state disk can be inquired; and if the encryption state is encryption, decrypting the abnormal solid state disk.
Step S12 restores the first mapping table from the host logical address to the flash physical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks.
In a specific implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present application, a second mapping table from a flash memory physical address corresponding to data in all data blocks to a host logical address is obtained from a preset mapping table storage area of the abnormal solid state disk; and recovering the first mapping table from the host logical address to the flash memory physical address by using the second mapping table. If the preset mapping table storage area is damaged, scanning each data page in all the data blocks to obtain metadata information stored in each data page; and recovering a first mapping table from host logical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks to flash memory physical addresses based on the metadata information.
In a specific implementation manner, the present embodiment may sort the sequence numbers of all the data blocks to obtain a sorting result; wherein the sequence number is a sequence number determined based on a data writing order; and acquiring a second mapping table from the flash memory physical address to the host logical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks from a preset mapping table storage area of the abnormal solid state disk based on the sequencing result.
It should be noted that the solid state disk stores user DATA and also various META DATA (i.e. metadata), which are mainly management DATA inside the solid state disk, such as GHP (Global Host Page), for managing a mapping relationship between a reverse mapping table entry, i.e. a flash memory physical address, and a Host logical address, where the Host logical address space is divided into minimum units with a granularity of 4k, and a value of 4k/8 is recorded in META of each Page in the flash memory as a corresponding Host logical address space position. Such as a mapping of host logical addresses to flash physical addresses, etc.
The internal storage medium of the solid state disk usually comprises a plurality of NAND Flash (Flash memory) arrays, each NAND Flash has a plurality of blocks, each Block has a plurality of pages, the pages of the NAND Flash are divided into a Data area and a Spare area, and respectively store user Data and META Data, and the META Data stores information such as SN (Serial Number, i.e. the Number of the Block) and GHP of the Block. In order to improve concurrency performance, the SSD adopts a multi-channel design, a plurality of NAND Flash Dies can be connected to each channel, and each NAND Flash Die has a plurality of blocks. Blocks with different channels, different die and the same Block number on the blocks are abstracted into a large Block which is called Super Block. Super Block for storing user data, divided into two parts: the flash memory comprises a data area and an EOB area (namely a preset mapping table storage area), wherein the data area is used for storing user data, the EOB area is used for storing a first mapping table from a flash memory physical address to a host logical address, and the existence of the EOB area can accelerate the speed of data recovery.
The data recovery scheme provided by the application is based on the design of an EOB area and a META data structure in a data block, SN of the data block is obtained by scanning a user data block, the SN is sorted from small To large To determine the new-old relationship of the data, wherein the block with larger SN represents that the data is newer, then an F2H (namely Flash To Host, mapping from a Flash physical address To a Host logical address and reverse mapping from H2F) table in the EOB area is sequentially obtained according To the new-old sequence of the data, and H2F (namely Host To Flash, mapping table from the Host logical address To the Flash physical address) is quickly established through an F2H table. If the EOB area data is damaged, META data is read out from a Spare area of each Page by scanning each Page in Block, and an H2F mapping table is constructed by GHP in META.
In the step of constructing the H2F mapping table through the GHP in the META, the ordering result obtained by ordering the sequence numbers of all the data blocks is also required.
Step S13: and reading data from the abnormal solid state disk based on the first mapping table to obtain recovery data.
Further, copying the recovery data to a new solid state disk.
Therefore, the data is recovered by adopting a double-disk mode, and the data of the source disk cannot be damaged.
For example, referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application provides a flowchart of a specific data recovery method. And deploying a data recovery tool through the host, importing the data recovery firmware into the abnormal solid state disk to be recovered through the data recovery tool, and copying the recovered data to a new disk through the data migration copy tool after the recovery is finished. Firstly, a solid state disk enters a Read-Only Memory (ROM) disk state, wherein the ROM disk state refers to a state that a disk enters a Read-Only state; then loading the data recovery firmware to the solid state disk through a data recovery tool, and starting to run the firmware; and then entering a data recovery flow, scanning the disk system block data, acquiring disk basic information (LLRM) for data recovery, and initializing a Data Recovery Library (DRL) by using the LLRM. The DRL returns the size of the table entry space to the data recovery tool, and the data recovery tool applies the memory to the host and provides the memory for the DRL to be used as table entry recovery; scanning the user data blocks, acquiring SN of the data blocks for sorting, loading an F2H table according to the SN sorting, and recovering an H2F table; if the F2H table cannot be obtained, scanning each Page in the user Data block to obtain the GHP of META Data in the Page, and reconstructing an H2F table; the user data is read through the H2F table and copied to the new disc.
Wherein, LLRM: basic disc information for data recovery. DRL: data recovery Library, different products have different organization structure modes for metadata. The library is used for hiding the internal implementation of the disk for the data recovery tool so as to achieve the unification of data recovery behaviors. The data recovery tool and the data copy tool are both deployed in the data recovery tool of the host, and in the actual implementation process, the data recovery tool and the data copy tool can be integrated in the same tool.
And the data recovery firmware is loaded into the main control of the disk to be recovered through the data recovery tool, and the data recovery firmware is not written into the disk flash. In a specific implementation process, data recovery needs to enable a disk to enter a ROM disk state, if the disk is in a state that the disk cannot be identified, such as hanging, the disk to be recovered needs to be short-circuited with a FORCEROM PIN to enter the ROM disk state from the hanging state, and if the disk can be swept, a data recovery client tool can issue a SOFT FORCEROM command to enable the disk to enter the ROM disk state. Device connection mode as shown in fig. 3, if the host does not have two available USB interfaces, the connection mode of fig. 4 is selected, and hub line switching is used.
That is, according to the application, based on various user data blocks and metadata information in the solid state disk, a data recovery tool is used at a host end, data recovery firmware is loaded into an abnormal solid state disk to run, deep reconstruction is performed on the disk by means of the metadata information through the cooperation of the data recovery tool and the data recovery firmware, a mapping table item from a host logical address to a flash memory physical address is recovered, and user data is found according to the mapping table item. In order to prevent the data on the disk from being damaged secondarily due to the error operation, the data on the disk is not damaged during data recovery, and the erasing operation is not performed. The data recovery firmware is not written into the disk flash, after the data recovery is completed, the data needs to be copied to other disks, and the original abnormal disk can be used after the original abnormal disk is opened again.
Therefore, when the abnormal solid state disk cannot be normally accessed, the mapping table from the host logic address to the flash memory physical address is restored, and data recovery is performed by using the mapping table, so that the data recovery of the solid state disk can be realized under the condition that the solid state disk cannot be normally accessed.
Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present application discloses a data recovery apparatus, including:
the data block scanning module 11 is used for scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk;
a first mapping table recovery module 12, configured to recover a first mapping table from host logical addresses to flash physical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks;
and the data recovery module 13 is configured to read data from the abnormal solid state disk based on the first mapping table to obtain recovered data.
Therefore, when the abnormal solid state disk cannot be normally accessed, the mapping table from the host logic address to the flash memory physical address is restored, and data recovery is performed by using the mapping table, so that the data recovery of the solid state disk can be realized under the condition that the solid state disk cannot be normally accessed.
The first mapping table recovering module 12 specifically includes:
a second mapping table obtaining submodule, configured to obtain, from a preset mapping table storage area of the abnormal solid state disk, a second mapping table from flash physical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks to host logical addresses;
and the first mapping table recovery submodule is used for recovering the first mapping table from the host logical address to the flash memory physical address by using the second mapping table.
If the preset mapping table storage area is damaged, the first mapping table recovery module 12 is specifically configured to scan each data page in all the data blocks to obtain metadata information stored in each data page; and recovering a first mapping table from host logical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks to flash memory physical addresses based on the metadata information.
The second mapping table obtaining submodule is specifically configured to: sequencing the serial numbers of all the data blocks to obtain a sequencing result; wherein the sequence number is a sequence number determined based on a data writing order; and acquiring a second mapping table from the flash memory physical address to the host logical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks from a preset mapping table storage area of the abnormal solid state disk based on the sequencing result.
Further, the device further comprises a read-only state setting module, which is used for setting the abnormal solid state disk into a read-only state before scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk.
Further, the device further comprises a decryption module, configured to query an encryption state of the abnormal solid state disk after the abnormal solid state disk is set to a read-only state; and if the encryption state is encryption, decrypting the abnormal solid state disk.
And the device also comprises a data copying module which is used for copying the recovery data to the new solid state disk.
Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present application discloses an electronic device 20, which includes a processor 21 and a memory 22; wherein, the memory 22 is used for saving computer programs; the processor 21 is configured to execute the computer program and the data recovery method disclosed in the foregoing embodiments.
For the specific process of the data recovery method, reference may be made to the corresponding contents disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
The memory 22 is used as a carrier for resource storage, and may be a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the storage mode may be a transient storage mode or a permanent storage mode.
In addition, the electronic device 20 further includes a power supply 23, a communication interface 24, an input-output interface 25, and a communication bus 26; the power supply 23 is configured to provide an operating voltage for each hardware device on the electronic device 20; the communication interface 24 can create a data transmission channel between the electronic device 20 and an external device, and a communication protocol followed by the communication interface is any communication protocol applicable to the technical solution of the present application, and is not specifically limited herein; the input/output interface 25 is configured to obtain external input data or output data to the outside, and a specific interface type thereof may be selected according to a specific application requirement, which is not specifically limited herein.
Further, an embodiment of the present application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the data recovery method disclosed in the foregoing embodiment.
For the specific process of the data recovery method, reference may be made to the corresponding contents disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The foregoing detailed description is directed to a data recovery method, apparatus, device and medium provided by the present application, and specific examples are applied in the present application to explain the principles and embodiments of the present application, and the descriptions of the foregoing embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for data recovery, comprising:
scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk;
recovering a first mapping table from host logical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks to flash memory physical addresses;
and reading data from the abnormal solid state disk based on the first mapping table to obtain recovery data.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the recovering the first mapping table from host logical addresses to flash physical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks comprises:
acquiring a second mapping table from the flash memory physical address to the host logical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks from a preset mapping table storage area of the abnormal solid state disk;
and recovering the first mapping table from the host logical address to the flash memory physical address by using the second mapping table.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein if the predetermined mapping table storage area is damaged, the recovering the first mapping table from the host logical address to the flash memory physical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks includes:
scanning each data page in all the data blocks to obtain metadata information stored in each data page;
and recovering a first mapping table from host logical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks to flash memory physical addresses based on the metadata information.
4. The data recovery method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the second mapping table from the flash memory physical address to the host logical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks from the preset mapping table storage area of the abnormal solid state disk includes:
sequencing the serial numbers of all the data blocks to obtain a sequencing result; wherein the sequence number is a sequence number determined based on a data writing order;
and acquiring a second mapping table from the flash memory physical address to the host logical address corresponding to the data in all the data blocks from a preset mapping table storage area of the abnormal solid state disk based on the sequencing result.
5. The data recovery method of claim 1, wherein before scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk, the method further comprises:
and setting the abnormal solid state disk to be in a read-only state.
6. The data recovery method of claim 5, wherein after the placing the abnormal solid state disk into the read-only state, further comprising:
inquiring the encryption state of the abnormal solid state disk;
and if the encryption state is encryption, decrypting the abnormal solid state disk.
7. The data recovery method according to claim 1, wherein after reading data from the abnormal solid state disk based on the first mapping table and obtaining recovery data, the method further comprises:
and copying the recovered data to a new solid state disk.
8. A data recovery apparatus, comprising:
the data block scanning module is used for scanning all data blocks of the abnormal solid state disk;
the first mapping table recovery module is used for recovering a first mapping table from host logical addresses corresponding to data in all the data blocks to flash memory physical addresses;
and the data recovery module is used for reading data from the abnormal solid state disk based on the first mapping table to obtain recovered data.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for executing the computer program to implement the data recovery method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a data recovery method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN202111612526.1A CN114281588A (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Data recovery method, device, equipment and medium |
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