CN114279800B - Preparation method of coal-rock combination body model sample considering interlayer interface property - Google Patents
Preparation method of coal-rock combination body model sample considering interlayer interface property Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a coal-rock composite model sample considering interlayer interface properties, belongs to the technical field of rock sample preparation, and can solve the problems that rock strata and interlayer interface mechanical and physical properties cannot be effectively reduced when a coal-gas composite reservoir coal-rock composite sample is prepared in the prior art; meanwhile, the coal-rock combination sample obtained by preparing the cuboid samples of each rock stratum according to the proportion has high similarity simulation degree; the interlayer interface adhesive is prepared by using the fresh coal sample and shale rock sample of the coal-based gas composite reservoir, so that the influence of the physicochemical properties of the similar materials and chemical adhesives used in the past on the interlayer interface permeability is avoided, and the interlayer interface properties are truly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock sample preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a coal-rock combination body model sample considering interlayer interface properties.
Background
Coal-based natural gas, abbreviated as coal-based gas, is widely used for various natural gases in coal-based strata, and takes unconventional natural gas such as coal-based gas (CBM), coal-based shale gas (TG), tight Sandstone Gas (TSG) and the like as the main materials, so that the space for increasing and storing the coal-based gas resources is huge. The unique structure-deposition background of the coal system ensures that the coal system gas reservoir rock has the characteristics of diversity, low porosity and low permeability, and the reservoir structure is special and complex, and is often a composite reservoir formed by organic matter-rich shale, compact sandstone and coal seam interbeds. The combined production of the coal-based gas is a necessary development trend for comprehensively developing unconventional resources of the coal-based gas from the viewpoints of reducing the coal-based gas production cost, increasing the service life of a coal-bed gas well, improving the recovery ratio of the coal-based gas and the like.
The composite permeability of the coal-based gas composite reservoir is an important parameter for evaluating the commercial development feasibility of the coal-based gas composite reservoir, and can be obtained by on-site well test data analysis, numerical simulation and laboratory measurement.
But the coal series gas combined production site has higher well test operation cost, longer period and more influence factors; the numerical simulation software is limited by the fact that the complex occurrence characteristics of the coal-gas composite reservoir are difficult to accurately restore, and the simulation result has low precision and intuitiveness; the accuracy of measuring the permeability of the coal-rock combination body sample of the coal-gas composite reservoir in the laboratory is higher and more visual, and the method can lay a foundation for the refined drainage and production of the coal-gas.
The invention can obtain a coal-based shale material model test piece with a publication number of CN110220756A and a preparation method of the coal-based shale material model test piece in the publication, wherein similar materials are used for pouring to obtain a first preformed coal rock thin layer and a second preformed coal rock thin layer, a permeable sheet formed by a paperboard or a permeable film is arranged in the obtained preformed coal rock thin layer to simulate a face cutting and an end cutting in a coal rock layer, and meanwhile, a permeable sheet is arranged at an interface between the first preformed coal rock thin layer and the second preformed coal rock thin layer to simulate the coal rock layer, and then the first preformed coal rock thin layer and the second preformed coal rock thin layer are combined and then subjected to drying treatment to obtain the coal rock layer; pouring a plurality of shale thin layers according to different similar material proportions by the same method, arranging a penetrating piece at an interface between the plurality of shale thin layers to simulate shale layering, combining the plurality of shale thin layers, and drying to obtain a shale layer; cement and quartz sand were further mixed according to 1:1, pouring a bonding layer base material with the thickness of 10mm between the obtained coal rock stratum and the shale layer, simulating the boundary weak surface between different rock strata, and drying the obtained combined body test piece to obtain the coal shale object model test piece. One of the disadvantages of the method is that when a paperboard or a permeable membrane is arranged on a rock stratum test piece obtained by pouring similar materials to simulate the structural property of natural coal rock, the artificial randomness cannot accurately reduce the crack development condition of a real rock stratum, and the selectivity and the permeability of the paperboard or the permeable membrane have larger influence on the permeability of the natural rock; and secondly, the thickness of the adhesive layer base material which is obtained by mixing cement and quartz sand is paved between different rock layers to serve as an interlayer interface, so that the mechanical and physical properties of the interlayer interface of the different rock layers cannot be effectively reduced.
The patent of the invention, with publication number CN105334090A, is a preparation method of fracturing object model samples of coal-bearing producing groups, which is characterized in that according to the lithology characteristics of each rock sample in the coal-bearing producing groups, exposed coal rocks and rocks are processed into cuboid thin plates, and the coal rock thin plates are adhered to the wide surfaces on two sides of the rock thin plates through AB silica gel, so that the samples with different lithology combinations in the coal-bearing producing groups are obtained. According to the method, the exposed coal rock and rock are used for processing to obtain the rectangular thin plates of each rock stratum, physical property differences of multilayer media can be better simulated, characteristics of natural cracks and rock mechanics properties in each rock stratum are truly reflected, but the thin plates of the coal rock and the thin plates of the rock are adhered together through AB silica gel, the mechanical and physical properties of the AB silica gel are greatly different from those of a real interlayer interface of a coal-based gas composite reservoir, and the physical properties of the AB silica gel have great influence on permeability of the interlayer interface.
The prior method for preparing the coal-rock combination sample in the laboratory selects an interlayer interface adhesive material without considering the influence of interlayer interface mechanics and physical properties of a rock stratum on the permeability of a stratum, so the preparation method of the coal-rock combination sample is not suitable for accurately measuring the permeability of a coal-series gas composite reservoir stratum.
In order to solve the problems that rock stratum and interlayer interface mechanical and physical properties cannot be effectively reduced when a coal-gas composite reservoir coal-rock composite sample is prepared in the prior art, and accurate measurement of permeability of a laboratory coal-gas composite reservoir is difficult to realize, a preparation method of the coal-rock composite model sample considering interlayer interface properties is urgently required.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that rock stratum and interlayer interface mechanical and physical properties cannot be effectively reduced and accurate measurement of permeability of a laboratory coal-gas composite reservoir stratum is difficult to realize when a coal-gas composite reservoir stratum coal-rock composite sample is prepared in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of the coal-rock composite model sample considering interlayer interface properties.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a coal-rock combination body model sample considering interlayer interface properties comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting a fresh coal sample of a coal gas composite reservoir and a rock sample of an adjacent gas-containing rock stratum under a mine, and marking sampling positions and layers; the rock samples include shale, tight sandstone and coal rock;
step two, processing the coal sample and the rock sample obtained in the step one into a cuboid coal sample and a cuboid rock sample of each layer, wherein the length of the cuboid coal sample and the rock sample is 250mm, the width of the cuboid coal sample and the cuboid rock sample of each layer are 1/100 of the actual thickness of each layer of rock layer;
thirdly, processing part of the collected fresh coal sample into a diameter d 1 Heating the coal particles with the particle size less than 0.2mm to 350 ℃ by isolating air, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, and softening and melting the coal to form a colloid body which is used as an adhesive at the interface between a coal bed and other stratum layers to restore the real interface property;
fourthly, processing the collected partial shale rock sample into a diameter d 2 Particles less than 2mm, in mass ratio of 10:1, uniformly dripping pure water into the obtained shale particles in a proportion to soften the shale particles to generate viscosity, and taking the shale particles as an adhesive at the interface between shale and sandstone to restore the real interface property;
fifthly, preparing a coal-rock combination cube test piece of the coal-gas composite reservoir by utilizing a cube steel die, wherein the cube steel die is provided with a movable front baffle, and firstly determining the coal-rock combination type of the coal-gas composite reservoir by referring to each stratum layer of the coal-gas composite reservoir obtained in the first step; placing a cuboid rock sample at the lowest position at the bottom of a die, selecting an interlayer interface adhesive corresponding to an upper rock layer, spreading the adhesive on the upper surface of the cuboid rock sample at the lowest position, and further placing the upper cuboid rock sample above the lower cuboid rock sample; according to the same method, paving corresponding adhesives on the upper surface of the uppermost cuboid rock sample in the die in turn, and further placing the corresponding upper cuboid rock sample above the paved adhesives until stacking of all the rock samples is completed;
sixthly, inserting a movable front baffle plate of the cube steel mold to the bottom surface of the cube steel mold to complete the whole mold;
seventh, calculating average overburden stress P, P=gamma H of the coal-gas composite reservoir according to stratum layers of the coal-gas composite reservoir, wherein gamma is average volume weight of an overburden layer of the coal-gas composite reservoir, and H is average burial depth of the coal-gas composite reservoir;
eighth, applying uniform rigid load with the same calculated result in the seventh step to the top of the die prepared in the fifth step by using a hydraulic jack so as to simulate the overburden stress of the coal-gas composite reservoir, loading the stress to a set value, and unloading the die after continuous pressure stabilization for 3 d;
and ninth, unloading the cubic steel mold containing the coal-rock assembly, standing for 48 hours, and after the coal-rock assembly sample in the mold is completely cooled and dried, withdrawing the movable front baffle and removing the cubic steel mold to obtain the physical simulation sample of the coal-gas composite reservoir coal-rock assembly.
Preferably, in the first step, the large rock sample of the coal-based gas composite reservoir is shale, tight sandstone or coal rock, and the coal sample and the rock sample are taken from the underground actual coal-based gas composite reservoir.
In the third step, the temperature of 350 ℃ is the average softening temperature in the pyrolysis process of the coal which is endowed with the coal bed gas with industrial exploitation value.
In the third step, the coal particles are isolated from air and heated to 350 ℃, and kept at constant temperature for 4 hours, so that the coal particles are fully softened and melted in the pyrolysis process to form a colloid body with gas, liquid and solid phases coexisting.
In the fourth step, when pure water is dripped into the obtained shale particles, uniformity is ensured, all shale particles are covered, and the water-containing shale particles can be cemented and recombined under the action of consolidation stress.
In the fifth step, the cube steel mold is made of 45 steel, and the wall thickness of the mold is 20mm so as to ensure the rigidity of the mold; the length of the inner cavity of the die is 250mm, the width of the inner cavity is 250mm, and the height is automatically adjusted, so that 1/100 of the actual thickness of the coal-based gas composite reservoir can be accommodated; the side surface of the cube steel mould can be opened, so that disturbance to the properties of the coal-rock assembly and an interlayer interface during sample demoulding is prevented.
The movable front baffle of the cube steel mold is provided with a bolt, and the cube steel mold is provided with a groove slideway matched with the bolt.
In the fifth step, when the colloid body prepared from the coal particles and the shale particles containing water are used as the adhesive at the interlayer interface, the laying thickness of the adhesive is 1/1000 of the actual thickness of the interlayer interface adhesive material rock stratum.
In the fifth step, when the interfacial adhesive between the coal bed and other strata and the interfacial adhesive between the shale and the sandstone strata are paved on the upper surface of a cuboid rock sample in the cuboid steel die, the temperature of the coal grain colloid is ensured to be 300 ℃ or higher, and the water content of the water-containing shale particles is ensured to be 10% or higher, so that the effectiveness of the two adhesives is ensured.
In the eighth step, the hydraulic jack should be a self-locking jack so as to be convenient for pressure stabilization loading.
In the eighth step, when the top of the die obtained in the fifth step adopts a hydraulic jack to apply a rigid load, the loading surface level is ensured, and the purpose of uniformly distributing the load is achieved.
In the ninth step, the physical simulation patterns of the coal-series gas composite reservoir coal-rock combination obtained by removing the cube steel die comprise various combination modes such as coal sample-sandstone layer-shale layer, coal sample-shale layer-sandstone layer, coal bed-shale layer, coal sample-sandstone layer; and (3) grinding 6 surfaces of the coal-series gas composite reservoir coal-rock combination physical simulation sample obtained by removing the cube steel die so as to facilitate the application of uniform load by the true triaxial simulation test system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the technical scheme provided by the invention solves the problem that the physical and mechanical properties of the rock stratum and the interlayer cannot be reduced effectively when the coal-gas composite reservoir coal-rock combination sample is prepared, realizes the high reduction of the occurrence characteristics of the coal-gas composite reservoir, and can improve the accuracy of measuring the permeability of the coal-gas composite reservoir in a laboratory.
Compared with the prior art, the method adopts the real large rock sample of the underground coal gas composite reservoir, processes the real large rock sample into the cuboid coal sample with the length of 250mm, the width of 250mm and the thickness of 1/100 of the actual thickness of each layer of rock layer and the cuboid rock sample, can more accurately restore the physical and mechanical properties of coal rock cutting lines, natural cracks and the like of the real reservoir, and can restore the permeability of each layer of rock layer of the coal gas composite reservoir more truly; meanwhile, the coal-rock combination sample obtained by preparing the cuboid samples of each rock stratum according to the proportion has high similarity simulation degree; the interlayer interface adhesive is prepared from the fresh coal sample and shale rock sample of the coal-based gas composite reservoir, so that the influence of the physicochemical properties of the similar materials and the chemical adhesive used in the past on the interlayer interface permeability is avoided, the interlayer interface properties are truly reduced, and the accuracy of measuring the permeability of the coal-based gas composite reservoir in a laboratory is improved; the method for preparing the coal-rock combination sample has simple steps, and the prepared coal-rock combination sample has high simulation degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a processed rectangular rock sample of 250mm length, 250mm width and different thickness;
FIG. 2 shows a combination mode of a coal-rock combination body of 5 coal-series gas composite reservoirs in the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mold structure used for preparing a coal-rock complex according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mold groove slideway and a movable front baffle bolt for preparing a coal-rock assembly according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a physical simulation sample of a coal-rock assembly prepared by a cubic steel mold according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a cuboid shale rock sample; 2-cuboid sandstone rock sample; 3-cuboid coal sample; 4-cube steel mold; 5-a movable front baffle; 6-groove slideway; 7-a bolt; 8-interfacial adhesive between shale and sandstone strata; 9-interfacial binder between the coal seam and other formation layers.
Detailed Description
The preparation method of the coal-rock combination body model sample taking the interlayer interface property into consideration is carried out according to the following steps:
in the embodiment, a coal series gas composite reservoir formed by No. 9 coal and top and bottom plates of Xishan coal field in Shanxi province is selected to prepare a coal-rock combination physical simulation sample. The average burial depth of the coal-based gas composite reservoir in the area is 450m, the average thickness of No. 9 coal is 4m, the average thickness of directly-propped sandstone is 10m, and the average thickness of old-propped shale is 5m, so that a coal-based gas composite reservoir coal-rock composite sample with a combination type of coal sample-sandstone-shale is prepared.
The first step: collecting a large fresh coal sample of a coal-based gas composite reservoir stratum and a large rock sample of an adjacent gas-containing rock stratum under a mine, and marking sampling positions and layers, wherein the coal-based gas composite reservoir stratum sequentially comprises coal beds, sandstones and shale from bottom to top;
and a second step of: based on the thickness of each formation in the borehole histogram near the sampling point,
processing the obtained large rock sample into a cuboid coal sample with the length of 250mm, the width of 250mm and the thickness of 1/100 of the actual thickness of each layer of rock layer, and each layer of cuboid rock sample; the prepared cuboid rock sample comprises: 250×250×50mm rectangular parallelepiped shale rock sample 1;250×250×100mm cuboid sandstone sample 2; 250X 40mm cuboid coal sample 3.
And a third step of: processing the leftover materials left in preparing the cuboid coal sample 3 into d 1 And (3) heating the obtained coal particles with the particle size less than 0.2mm to 350 ℃ by isolating air, and keeping the temperature for 4 hours at constant temperature to soften and melt the coal particles to form a colloid. The adhesive is used as the adhesive at the interface between the coal bed and the sandstone stratum, and the actual interface property is restored.
Fourth step: processing leftover materials left in preparing the cuboid shale rock sample 1 into a diameter d 2 Particles less than 2mm, in a mass ratio of 10 to 1And the pure water is uniformly dripped into the obtained shale particles, so that the shale particles are softened to generate viscosity. The adhesive is used as an interfacial adhesive between shale and sandstone strata, and the actual interfacial property is restored.
Fifth step: firstly, placing a cube steel mould 4 on a horizontal plane; placing a cuboid coal sample 3 at the bottom of a cubic steel mold 4, uniformly spreading an adhesive at the interface between a coal seam and a sandstone stratum at 300 ℃ or above on the upper surface of the cuboid coal sample 3 in the mold, wherein the spreading thickness of the adhesive at the interface between the cuboid coal sample 3 and a cuboid sandstone sample 2 is 4mm, and stacking the cuboid sandstone sample 2 on the adhesive at the interface between the coal seam and the sandstone stratum; further uniformly spreading an adhesive at the interface between shale and sandstone with the water content of 10% or more on the upper surface of a cuboid sandstone sample 2 in a mould, wherein the spreading thickness of the adhesive at the interface between shale and sandstone is 5mm; and finally stacking the cuboid shale rock sample 1 on an adhesive at the interface between shale and sandstone, and finishing stacking all the rock samples to obtain a coal-gas composite reservoir coal-rock composite sample with a combination type of coal sample-sandstone-shale.
Sixth step: after the bolt 7 on the movable front baffle plate 5 of the cube steel mold 4 corresponds to the groove slideway of the cube steel mold 4, the movable front baffle plate 5 is completely inserted into the bottom surface of the cube steel mold 4, and the whole mold is completed.
Seventh step: the average burial depth H=450m of the embodiment coal series gas composite reservoir stratum and the average volume weight gamma=0.025 MN/m of the overlying strata 3 And carrying out P=gamma H to obtain the overburden stress P=11.25 Mpa of the case coal gas composite reservoir.
Eighth step: and (3) placing the cubic steel mold 4 of the coal-rock combination body obtained in the sixth step below a loading platform of a hydraulic jack, leveling, applying uniformly distributed rigid load to 11.25Mpa, continuously stabilizing the pressure for 3d, and unloading.
Ninth step: and (3) unloading the cubic steel mold 4 containing the coal-rock assembly, standing for 48 hours, and after the coal-rock assembly sample in the cubic steel mold 4 is completely cooled and dried, extracting the movable front baffle plate 5 of the cubic steel mold 4 to obtain a physical simulation sample of the coal-gas composite reservoir coal-rock assembly, and further grinding the 6 surfaces of the obtained physical simulation sample of the coal-gas composite reservoir coal-rock assembly with the combination type of shale-sandstone-coal sample so as to facilitate the true triaxial simulation test system to apply uniform load.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a coal-rock combination body model sample considering interlayer interface properties is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting a fresh coal sample of a coal gas composite reservoir and a rock sample of an adjacent gas-containing rock stratum under a mine, and marking sampling positions and layers; the rock samples include shale, tight sandstone and coal rock;
step two, processing the coal sample and the rock sample obtained in the step one into a cuboid coal sample and a cuboid rock sample of each layer, wherein the length of the cuboid coal sample and the rock sample is 250mm, the width of the cuboid coal sample and the cuboid rock sample of each layer are 1/100 of the actual thickness of each layer of rock layer;
thirdly, processing part of the collected fresh coal sample into a diameter d 1 Heating the coal particles with the particle size less than 0.2mm to 350 ℃ by isolating air, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, and softening and melting the coal to form a colloid body which is used as an adhesive at the interface between a coal bed and other stratum layers;
fourthly, processing the collected partial shale rock sample into a diameter d 2 Uniformly dripping pure water into the shale particles with the mass ratio of the shale particles to the pure water being 10:1 to soften the shale particles to generate viscosity, and taking the shale particles as an adhesive at the interface between shale and sandstone layers;
fifthly, preparing a coal-rock combination cube test piece of the coal-gas composite reservoir by utilizing a cube steel die, wherein the cube steel die is provided with a movable front baffle, and firstly determining the coal-rock combination type of the coal-gas composite reservoir by referring to each stratum layer of the coal-gas composite reservoir obtained in the first step; placing a cuboid coal sample or a rock sample at the lowest position at the bottom of a die, selecting an interlayer interface adhesive corresponding to the cuboid coal sample or the rock sample at the lowest position, spreading the adhesive on the upper surface of the cuboid coal sample or the rock sample at the lowest position, and further placing the cuboid coal sample or the rock sample at the upper position above the cuboid coal sample or the rock sample at the lower position; paving corresponding adhesives on the upper surface of the uppermost cuboid coal or rock sample in the die in turn according to the same method, and further placing the corresponding upper cuboid coal or rock sample above the paved adhesives until stacking of all the coal or rock samples is completed;
sixthly, inserting a movable front baffle plate of the cube steel mold to the bottom surface of the cube steel mold to complete the whole mold;
seventh, calculating average overburden stress P, P=gamma H of the coal-gas composite reservoir according to stratum layers of the coal-gas composite reservoir, wherein gamma is average volume weight of an overburden layer of the coal-gas composite reservoir, and H is average burial depth of the coal-gas composite reservoir;
applying uniform rigid load with the same calculated result as that of the seventh step to the top of the die prepared in the sixth step by adopting a hydraulic jack to simulate the overburden stress of the coal-gas composite reservoir, loading the stress to a set value, and unloading the die after continuous pressure stabilization for 3 d;
and ninth, unloading the cubic steel mold containing the coal-rock assembly, standing for 48 hours, and after the coal-rock assembly sample in the mold is completely cooled and dried, withdrawing the movable front baffle and removing the cubic steel mold to obtain the physical simulation sample of the coal-gas composite reservoir coal-rock assembly.
2. The method for preparing a coal-rock composite model sample taking interlayer interface properties into consideration according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, the cube steel mold is made of 45 steel, the wall thickness of the mold is 20mm, the length of the inner cavity of the mold is 250mm, the width of the inner cavity of the mold is 250mm, a bolt is arranged on a movable front baffle of the cube steel mold, and a groove slideway matched with the bolt is arranged on the cube steel mold.
3. The method for preparing a coal-rock composite model sample taking interlayer interface properties into consideration according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the colloid prepared from the coal particles and the shale particles containing water are used as the adhesive at the interlayer interface, the laying thickness of the adhesive is 1/1000 of the actual thickness of the interlayer interface adhesive material rock stratum.
4. The method for preparing a coal-rock composite model sample taking interlayer interface properties into consideration according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the ninth step, removing the cube steel mould to obtain a physical simulation model of the coal-series gas composite reservoir coal-rock combination, wherein the physical simulation model comprises any one of a coal sample-sandstone layer-shale layer, a coal sample-shale layer-sandstone layer, a coal bed-shale layer and a coal sample-sandstone layer; and (3) grinding 6 surfaces of the coal-gas composite reservoir coal-rock combination physical simulation sample obtained by removing the cube steel die.
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