CN114279251A - Extremely low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger - Google Patents
Extremely low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN114279251A CN114279251A CN202111469924.2A CN202111469924A CN114279251A CN 114279251 A CN114279251 A CN 114279251A CN 202111469924 A CN202111469924 A CN 202111469924A CN 114279251 A CN114279251 A CN 114279251A
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Abstract
The invention provides a very low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger, which comprises a shell and a heat exchanger assembly arranged in the shell, wherein the heat exchanger assembly comprises a first monomer layer, a second monomer layer and an intermediate pipeline passing through central holes of the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer; the outer surfaces of the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are connected with the inner surface of the shell through vacuum brazing, and the outer surface of the intermediate pipeline is connected with the inner surface of the central hole of the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer through vacuum brazing; the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are both porous structures formed through 3D printing or porous media formed through vacuum sintering, the cross-sectional sizes of central holes of the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are different, and the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are respectively provided with a plurality of monomer layers and are arranged in a staggered mode along the middle pipeline. The invention has the advantages of sufficient heat exchange, simple structure, easy realization, convenient replacement and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature refrigeration, in particular to a very low-temperature negative pressure heat exchanger.
Background
The low-temperature negative pressure heat exchanger is a special heat exchanger working in a low-temperature negative pressure environment, is widely applied to a liquid helium temperature zone (2K-4.2K), and is a key device for recovering low-temperature cold in a low-temperature system. In the superflow helium temperature system, heat exchange is carried out on helium gas with negative pressure (0.5-0.05 bar) and low temperature (2K) and incoming flow liquid ammonia (4K), so that on one hand, cold energy of the low temperature helium gas can be recycled, on the other hand, the temperature of the incoming flow liquid ammonia is reduced, and the liquid production rate of the 2K superflow helium is improved. Therefore, the low-temperature negative pressure heat exchanger is added in the super-flow helium low-temperature system, the liquid production rate of 2K super-flow helium can be obviously improved, and the performance parameters of the system are greatly improved.
The general structure of current low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger is complicated, heat exchange efficiency is low, the practicality is poor and easily leak, and this performance parameter that has leaded to whole super current helium low temperature system descends, consequently, needs a simple structure, heat exchange efficiency is high, be convenient for maintain change and do not have the novel heat exchanger of leakage and remedy the aforesaid not enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a very low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger which has a simple structure, high heat exchange efficiency, is convenient to maintain and replace and has no leakage.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a very low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger comprising a housing and a heat exchanger assembly mounted inside the housing, the heat exchanger assembly comprising a first monolithic layer, a second monolithic layer and an intermediate conduit passing through central bores of the first and second monolithic layers;
the outer surfaces of the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are connected with the inner surface of the shell through vacuum brazing, and the outer surface of the intermediate pipeline is connected with the inner surface of the central hole of the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer through vacuum brazing;
the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are both porous structures formed through 3D printing or porous media formed through vacuum sintering, the cross-sectional sizes of central holes of the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are different, and the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are respectively provided with a plurality of monomer layers and are arranged in a staggered mode along the middle pipeline.
The middle pipeline is composed of a main pipeline positioned at the center and a plurality of branch pipelines which are uniformly distributed around the main pipeline and communicated with the main pipeline.
The porous structure of the extremely low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger is composed of a cylindrical small hole array arranged around a central hole.
The porous medium of the extremely low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger is formed by a honeycomb-shaped small hole set which is arranged around a central hole.
According to the technical scheme, the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer, the shell and the intermediate pipeline are respectively brazed in vacuum, so that the backflow negative pressure gas can completely pass through the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer without leakage, no extra loss is caused, and the backflow negative pressure gas and the incoming flow low-temperature fluid pass through the same heat exchange carrier, so that the heat transfer temperature difference is reduced; the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer adopt porous structures or porous media to form different hole site configurations, so that sufficient heat exchange between the backflow negative pressure gas and the incoming flow low-temperature fluid is guaranteed; the first monomer layers and the second monomer layers are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the flow path of the backflow negative pressure gas is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved; a fine heat exchange structure is arranged in the middle pipeline, so that the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange capacity is improved; the invention has the advantages of sufficient heat exchange, simple structure, easy realization, convenient replacement and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first monomer layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second monomer layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an intermediate conduit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the extremely low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger comprises a housing 1 and a heat exchanger assembly installed inside the housing 1, wherein the heat exchanger assembly comprises a first monomer layer 21, a second monomer layer 22 and an intermediate pipeline 23 passing through central holes 211 and 221 of the first monomer layer 21 and the second monomer layer 22. One end of the shell 1 is provided with a gas inlet 11, and the other end is provided with a gas outlet 12; the intermediate duct 23 is provided with a fluid inlet 24 at one end and a fluid outlet 25 at the other end.
The first and second monomer layers 21, 22 may be a porous structure formed by 3D printing, the porous structure being composed of an array of cylindrical small holes arranged around the central holes 211, 221. The first and second monomer layers 21, 22 may also be a porous medium formed by vacuum sintering, the porous medium being composed of a collection of honeycomb-shaped small pores arranged around the central holes 211, 221. The central hole 211 of the first monomer layer 21 and the central hole 221 of the second monomer layer 22 have different cross-sectional sizes, and the cylindrical cells or honeycomb cells 212 of the first monomer layer 21 and the cylindrical cells or honeycomb cells 222 of the second monomer layer may have the same or different cross-sectional sizes.
The first single layer 21 and the second single layer 22 are respectively provided in a plurality and are arranged along the intermediate duct 23 in a staggered manner, and the number of the first single layer 21 and the second single layer 22 can be increased or decreased according to the size of the space of the use place.
The outer surfaces of the first and second monomer layers 21, 22 are joined to the inner surface of the housing 1 by vacuum brazing, and the outer surface of the intermediate duct 23 is also joined to the inner surfaces of the central holes 211, 221 of the first and second monomer layers 21, 22 by vacuum brazing.
As shown in fig. 4, the intermediate duct 23 is constituted by a main duct 231 located at the center and six branch ducts 232 evenly distributed around the main duct 231 and communicating with the main duct 231.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
after the heat exchanger assembly is assembled, a backflow negative pressure gas flow passage is formed between the outer shell 1 and the first monomer layer 21 and the second monomer layer 22, and an incoming flow low temperature fluid flow passage is formed by the intermediate pipeline 23. The reflux negative pressure gas enters the reflux negative pressure gas flow passage from the gas inlet 11, passes through the porous structures or porous media of the first monomer layer 21 and the second monomer layer 22, and exchanges heat with incoming flow cryogenic fluid entering the incoming flow cryogenic fluid flow passage from the fluid inlet 24, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling the incoming flow cryogenic fluid. The cooled incoming cryogenic fluid flows out of the fluid outlet 25 and the heat exchanged return negative pressure gas flows out of the gas outlet 12.
The first monomer layer 21 and the second monomer layer 22 are brazed with the shell 1 in a vacuum mode to form sealing surfaces, and therefore the backflow negative pressure gas can completely penetrate through the first monomer layer 21 and the second monomer layer 22 without leakage to perform sufficient heat exchange.
The intermediate pipeline 23 and the first monomer layer 21 and the second monomer layer 22 adopt vacuum brazing to form a sealed flow channel without leakage, the carriers for mutual heat exchange of incoming flow low-temperature fluid and backflow negative pressure gas are guaranteed to be the same device (namely the first monomer layer 21 and the second monomer layer 22), the heat transfer temperature difference existing in the heat exchange of the incoming flow low-temperature fluid and the backflow negative pressure gas is reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
The first monomer layer 21 and the second monomer layer 22 adopt a porous structure or a porous medium to form different hole site configurations, so that sufficient heat exchange between the backflow negative pressure gas and the incoming flow low-temperature fluid is guaranteed. The first monomer layers 21 and the second monomer layers 22 are staggered, so that the flow path of the backflow negative pressure gas is increased, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.
The fine heat exchange structure is arranged in the middle pipeline 23, so that the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange capacity is improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a utmost point low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger, includes the shell and installs the heat exchanger subassembly in the shell is inside, its characterized in that: the heat exchanger assembly includes a first monolithic layer, a second monolithic layer, and an intermediate conduit passing through central bores of the first and second monolithic layers;
the outer surfaces of the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are connected with the inner surface of the shell through vacuum brazing, and the outer surface of the intermediate pipeline is connected with the inner surface of the central hole of the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer through vacuum brazing;
the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are both porous structures formed through 3D printing or porous media formed through vacuum sintering, the cross-sectional sizes of central holes of the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are different, and the first monomer layer and the second monomer layer are respectively provided with a plurality of monomer layers and are arranged in a staggered mode along the middle pipeline.
2. The very low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein: the middle pipeline is composed of a main pipeline positioned at the center and a plurality of branch pipelines which are uniformly distributed around the main pipeline and communicated with the main pipeline.
3. The very low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein: the porous structure is formed by an array of cylindrical pores arranged around a central bore.
4. The very low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein: the porous media is comprised of a collection of honeycomb shaped pores arranged around a central aperture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111469924.2A CN114279251A (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Extremely low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111469924.2A CN114279251A (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Extremely low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114279251A true CN114279251A (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111469924.2A Pending CN114279251A (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Extremely low temperature negative pressure heat exchanger |
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| CN (1) | CN114279251A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100774847B1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2007-11-07 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | An apparatus for processing the slag granulation without steam having cooling block |
| CN104379721A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2015-02-25 | 通用电气医疗集团生物科学公司 | Temperature controlled support surfaces for single use flexible wall systems |
| CN109282670A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-01-29 | 通用电气公司 | The heat exchanger of increasing material manufacturing |
| CN112964113A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-15 | 中科金龙金属材料开发有限公司 | Combined-tooth heat exchange copper pipe |
-
2021
- 2021-12-03 CN CN202111469924.2A patent/CN114279251A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100774847B1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2007-11-07 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | An apparatus for processing the slag granulation without steam having cooling block |
| CN104379721A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2015-02-25 | 通用电气医疗集团生物科学公司 | Temperature controlled support surfaces for single use flexible wall systems |
| CN109282670A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-01-29 | 通用电气公司 | The heat exchanger of increasing material manufacturing |
| CN112964113A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-15 | 中科金龙金属材料开发有限公司 | Combined-tooth heat exchange copper pipe |
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