CN114277947B - Construction process of high-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer refrigerator - Google Patents
Construction process of high-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN114277947B CN114277947B CN202210035152.XA CN202210035152A CN114277947B CN 114277947 B CN114277947 B CN 114277947B CN 202210035152 A CN202210035152 A CN 202210035152A CN 114277947 B CN114277947 B CN 114277947B
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- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 84
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- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical group FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a construction process of a low-temperature high-flame-retardance polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer cold storage, and belongs to the technical field of heat preservation in the cold storage. The steps are as follows: 1) An iron plate is integrally paved on a wall body of the refrigeration house; 2) Supporting posts are arranged on the iron plate at intervals, and neodymium-iron-boron magnets are fixed at two ends of each supporting post; 3) Another iron plate is placed and installed at the other end of the support column, and is attracted to the neodymium-iron-boron magnet at one end of the support column; 4) Spraying foam between the two plates supported by the support, wherein the spraying direction of the spray gun is parallel to the wall, and the expansion growth direction of the foam is parallel to the wall; 5) Spraying foam to the vicinity of the pillar and removing the pillar. According to the invention, the compressive strength of the foam in the parallel direction of the wall body can be improved by 1 time under the condition that the density of the B1-level flame-retardant heat-insulating layer is unchanged or even becomes smaller, the penetrating cracking condition of the foam is greatly reduced, the problem of thermal bridge is avoided, and the heat-insulating effect of the refrigeration house is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction process of a low-temperature high-flame-retardance polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer cold storage, and belongs to the technical field of heat preservation in the cold storage.
Background
The building characteristics of large space, high wall surface and few safety outlets are the cold storage, and the large space causes the rapid spreading of the toxic gas of the fire and smoke after the fire disaster, which is very unfavorable for the workers in the dense smoke to escape. Meanwhile, the large span of the structural space of the refrigeration house determines that the collapse of a building possibly occurs once a fire disaster occurs, and the large span structure needs to be supported by corresponding building components, so that the steel structure and the prestressed concrete slab or the light-weight component are selected as the preferred objects. And the fire-resistant collapse limit of the steel structure is only 8 minutes, which is easy to cause the whole collapse of the building.
Polyurethane foams are produced by reacting an isocyanate with a polyol component and are flammable if no flame retardant is added. For many years, the serious fire disaster related to polyurethane foam such as Jilin Baotong, shouguang and Beijing Daxing refrigeration houses is continuous, and GB50016-2014 'building design fireproof Specification' prescribes that the inner and outer heat preservation systems of the building are not suitable to adopt B2-level heat preservation materials and strictly forbidden to adopt B3-level heat preservation materials. The oxygen index of the polyurethane rigid foam material for the B1-level flame-retardant wall body is more than or equal to 30%, a large amount of flame retardant is needed to be added into the foam (plasticizing effect reduces the strength of the foam), flame-retardant polyester or polyether polyol (strength is reduced compared with that of conventional polyol) is used, the strength of the B1-level polyurethane rigid foam material is far worse than that of B3 and B2 levels, and the insulation layer of the B1-level refrigeration house often has penetration cracking at the normal running temperature (usually minus 20 ℃) of the refrigeration house. And the yield of 1 ton of raw materials of the B1-stage refrigeration house heat preservation layer is generally 15 cubic foam, which is about 25 percent and 38 percent lower than that of 20 cubic materials of B2-stage and 24 cubic materials of B3-stage respectively. And the B1-level refrigeration house heat preservation layer is too much in added flame retardant and increased in density, so that the heat conductivity coefficient is also high and the heat preservation effect is also poor.
In this case, it is necessary to improve the penetration crack condition of the B1-stage polyurethane foam heat-insulating layer by improving the construction process of the refrigerator, increase the yield, and increase the heat-insulating effect of the refrigerator.
On the other hand, because the liquid raw materials sprays the wall body and then solidification in the in-process of shaping after spraying from the spray gun in the spraying construction, some atomizing raw materials can scatter in the air, have led to construction space air environment very poor, can waste some raw materials simultaneously to the foam after the shaping during construction exposes to have certain conflagration hidden danger. For these reasons, in recent years, the market rate of assembled combined steel structure frame refrigerators using combination house plates by joint butt joint has increased, and the market rate has decreased although spray refrigerators have no joint and have good overall heat preservation effect. It is also necessary to improve the above problems by improving the construction process of the refrigerator.
The invention discloses a large-scale refrigeration house wall structure and a construction method thereof, and CN 101525915B and CN 102277961B discloses a large-scale refrigeration house wall structure and a construction method thereof, wherein the wall structure comprises an inner wall plate, an outer wall plate and a framework clamped between the inner wall plate and the outer wall plate, and polyurethane foam plastic is filled between the inner wall plate and the outer wall plate. The construction method of the refrigerator wall comprises the following steps: A. building a wall skeleton; B. a color steel plate is arranged on the outer surface of the framework, an external wall board surrounding the wall body of the refrigeration house; C. spraying polyurethane spraying material on the outer wall plate layer by layer for a plurality of times, and reserving a pouring space at a position 40-80 mm away from the installation position of the inner wall plate; D. and filling polyurethane filling materials into the filling space protected by the inner wall color steel plate, and enclosing the inner wall plate of the refrigerator wall according to the method.
The construction method comprises the steps of firstly spraying foam with the thickness of 120-160 mm (calculated according to a conventional 200mm insulating layer) on a wall body, and then pouring foam with the thickness of 40-80 mm. The defects are that: (1) When the foam with the thickness of 40-80 mm is poured, the height of the primary poured foam is at least 300mm, which is far greater than the thickness of a layer of sprayed foam by about 30mm, and the higher the height of the primary poured foam, the more serious the molecular orientation inside the foam is, so that the physical property of the foam is seriously deteriorated; (2) The problem that the multi-time pouring foam body has a plurality of holes among the poured foam bodies in the wall body is solved, because the expansion rate of 30 times of the foam bodies after the first pouring is large in height and fall of the bottom surface, so that the raw materials for the second time are accumulated in the lowest small block, the height and fall of the bottom surface are aggravated after expansion, a plurality of holes exist at the junction of the pouring foam bodies each time, and the actual heat preservation effect of the refrigeration house is reduced; (3) The foam body contains a large number of keels, high-impact PP heat insulation bars and screws, and the heat conductivity coefficients are far greater than those of the heat insulation foam, so that the actual heat insulation effect of the refrigeration house is reduced.
The utility model CN 206257859U discloses a refrigeration house heat preservation device, which comprises: base member wall, its characterized in that: the base body wall surface is connected and provided with a profiled color steel plate through a keel assembly, the profiled color steel plate covers the whole base body wall surface, a gap area is formed between the profiled color steel plate and the base body wall surface, polyurethane is filled and poured in the gap area, and the filled polyurethane, the base body wall surface and the profiled color steel plate form a whole after being poured. The utility model adopts the integral casting structure form to integrate the matrix wall surface and the heat insulation layer, and the spraying cyanogen is added on the matrix wall surface, so that the matrix wall surface has the waterproof and air-isolation functions at the same time, and the heat insulation performance of the matrix wall surface is further improved.
The defects of the patent are more serious, besides the 4 problems, as the whole heat-insulating foam (calculated according to a conventional 200mm heat-insulating layer) of the heat-insulating wall is poured, the molecular orientation inside the poured foam is more serious, and the problem that a plurality of cavities exist between the poured foams is more serious; and the foam contains a large number of keels and has no heat insulation bars, so that a large number of heat bridges can be formed, and the factors can lead to the reduction of the actual heat preservation effect of the refrigeration house. And because the filling process can cause serious molecular orientation in the foam, the foam cells are elongated to become oval with higher length-diameter ratio, and the problem that a plurality of cavities exist between the foam filled each time is serious, the existing refrigeration house construction basically does not have the filling process, and the spraying and plate type assembly processes are mainly adopted.
Therefore, a construction process for a low-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer refrigerator capable of solving the technical problems is needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a construction process for spraying a polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer cold storage at low temperature and high flame retardance, wherein the construction process can improve the compressive strength of foam in the parallel direction of a wall body by 1 time under the condition that the density of the B1-level flame-retardant heat-insulating layer is unchanged or even becomes smaller, so that the penetrating cracking condition of the foam is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the problem of a heat bridge caused by a large number of traditional keels is avoided in the foam layer of the cold storage, the heat-insulating effect of the cold storage is improved, the yield of the B1-level foam is improved by more than 20%, atomized raw materials are not scattered into the air in the spraying construction process, the waste of the air environment and raw materials in a polluted construction space is avoided, the foam formed in the construction period is not exposed, and the fire hazard is eliminated.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the construction process of the high-temperature high-flame-retardance spray polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer refrigerator is characterized by comprising the following construction steps of:
1) An iron plate is integrally paved or adhered on the wall body of the refrigeration house;
preferably, the iron plate is any one of an aluminum-zinc-plated iron plate, a stainless steel plate and a color steel plate;
preferably, the thickness of the iron plate is 0.3-1mm;
the wall body is any one of a civil engineering wall body, a civil engineering roof and a color steel sandwich plate wall body;
2) The method comprises the steps that struts are arranged on an iron plate at intervals and perpendicular to a wall body, neodymium-iron-boron magnets are fixed at two ends of each strut, one end of each strut is attracted to the iron plate by means of magnetic force, and the length of each strut is the design thickness of a foam heat-insulating layer of a civil refrigeration house;
preferably, the iron plate is provided with struts with a fixed cross-sectional area of 4-100cm 2 and a spacing of 200-1000 mm;
preferably, the length of the support column is 180-220mm;
Preferably, the cross section area of the NdFeB magnet is equal to that of the wood support column;
preferably, the pillar material is any one of wood, glass fiber reinforced plastic, pultrusion profile and plastic, and the pillar is a hollow structure or a solid structure;
3) An iron plate or other plates are placed and installed at the other end of the strut, the iron plate is attracted on the neodymium-iron-boron magnet at one end of the strut, angle irons are placed on the outer surfaces of the other plates, the angle irons are matched with the neodymium-iron-boron magnet at the end part of the strut to fix the plates, and the height of the plates is matched with the layer height of the refrigeration house;
Preferably, the iron plate is any one of an aluminum-zinc-plated iron plate, a stainless steel plate and a color steel plate;
preferably, the other plates are any one of aluminum plates, glass fiber reinforced plastic plates, plastic plates and bamboo boards;
preferably, the width of the iron plate or other plates is 500-1200mm;
4) Spraying foam between the two plates supported by the support, wherein the spraying direction of the spray gun is parallel to the wall, the expansion growth direction of the foam is parallel to the wall, and the spray gun is sprayed layer by layer for multiple times;
5) Spraying foam to the vicinity of the support column, removing the support column, then continuing to spray layer by layer for multiple times, spraying the foam to the vicinity of the width edge of the color steel plate, and installing the next color steel plate;
6) Repeating the steps to finish the construction of the foam layer of the whole civil engineering wall.
The cell structure of the rigid polyurethane foam has a great influence on the properties. Most cells of the rigid foam are in the shape of ellipsoids, abbreviated as ellipses, and are not spherical (abbreviated as circles). In practice, the cell shape is polygonal, approximately considered elliptical and circular. The oval cell foam has different performances in two directions parallel and perpendicular to the rising direction of the foam, the oval long-diameter direction is the rising direction of the foam, and the compressive strength parallel to the rising direction can reach about 2 times of that of the vertical direction (published by the national environmental protection general office of the national environmental protection agency, the leading group office of the economic cooperation, month 8 in 2002, of polyurethane rigid foam CFC-11 substitution technical manual).
This is because when the foam expands, the cells expand in the rising direction of the foam and flow, and the cells are elongated to have an oval spherical shape due to resistance caused by the viscosity of the raw material or the like. The degree of cell deformation, i.e. the degree of deviation from sphericity, is related to the foaming speed and the degree of resistance to rise. See in particular figures 1-2.
The faster the foaming speed, the more severely the rise is hindered, and the greater the cell elongation. The spraying foaming speed is the fastest in the hard foam forming mode, the stretching degree of the foam holes is serious, and the actual compressive strength test result of the spraying foam shows that: the compressive strength parallel to the rising direction is about 2 times that of the vertical direction.
Spraying in a normal cold storage, wherein a spray gun is kept perpendicular to a wall, the spray gun sprays the atomized raw materials on the wall, and the growth direction of foam is perpendicular to the wall, so that the compressive strength of the foam in the direction perpendicular to the wall is very high, and the compressive strength of the foam in the direction parallel to the wall is very low; on the other hand, the foam in the direction perpendicular to the wall is 200mm thick, but the foam body in the direction parallel to the wall has the same large area as the wall, so that the foam layer has the same volume percentage of shrinkage due to the action of cold shrinkage when the refrigerator is cooled, and the internal tensile force of the foam in the direction parallel to the wall is far greater than that of the foam in the direction perpendicular to the wall. The internal tension is large and the strength is low, so that the penetration cracking of the spray foam refrigeration house is caused by the fact that the inner part of the foam is pulled and cracked in the direction parallel to the wall body.
The construction process of the low-temperature high-flame-retardance polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer cold storage has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the refrigerator is cooled, because the expansion and contraction of the foam are equal to the area of the whole wall, the internal tension of the foam in the direction parallel to the wall is still far greater than that of the internal foam (generally 200mm thick) in the direction perpendicular to the wall, so that the foam is easy to break vertically to the wall (the thermal insulation effect of the refrigerator is most seriously affected by the break). The spray gun and the spray direction of the conventional spray process are vertical to the wall, the foam growth direction is vertical to the wall, and the wall is parallel to the short axis direction of the foam elliptical cells, so that the foam strength of the wall in the parallel direction is half of that in the vertical direction, and the penetration cracking condition is easy to occur.
According to the invention, foam is sprayed between two layers of plates supported by the wooden support, the spray gun and the spraying direction are parallel to the wall, the expansion growth direction of foam cells is parallel to the wall, and the foam cells are sprayed layer by layer for multiple times; compared with the conventional spraying construction method (the long axis direction of the oval cells is perpendicular to the wall), the long axis direction of the oval cells of the foam is parallel to the wall, the compressive strength of the foam parallel to the wall is doubled, and the penetrating cracking condition of the foam is greatly reduced.
2. The detachable wooden support is used for replacing the keel and the high-impact PP heat insulation rod sprayed in the foam heat insulation layer in the cold storage spraying construction, the heat insulation layer is made of uniform polyurethane foam, a thermal bridge is completely absent, and the heat insulation effect of the cold storage is improved. The detachable wooden support is attracted between an aluminum-zinc-iron plate or a stainless steel plate and a surface color steel plate which are integrally paved on a civil engineering wall by using flaky neodymium-iron-boron magnets with fixed two ends, so that the detachable wooden support is convenient to detach, and the wooden support is used for reducing the heat bridge effect when the detachable wooden support is forgotten to detach and seal inside a wall foam layer.
3. The spraying operation is completely carried out in the gap between the two layers of plates supported by the wooden support, so that the advantages of spraying foam with the thickness of 30-50mm on each layer being uniform and compact, the whole spraying process of foam growth being visible and the like are reserved, meanwhile, the greatest defect that the spraying foam atomized raw materials are scattered into the whole refrigeration house to influence the construction environment and cause raw material waste is avoided; meanwhile, compared with the conventional pouring construction process, the problem that the foam is seriously oriented due to the fact that the height of the primary poured foam is too high is avoided, and the method is particularly suitable for B1-level refrigeration house construction.
4. The sprayed foam heat-insulating layer is adhered to the color steel plate or the aluminum-zinc plated plate surface layer on the two sides, on the one hand, the adhesion and fixation of the sprayed foam heat-insulating layer and the color steel plate or the aluminum-zinc plated plate surface layer can avoid the shrinkage penetration cracking phenomenon of foam caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction, the density of B1-level foam can be reduced from 50kg/m 3 to 40 kg/m 3 without penetration cracking, and the yield is increased to 20% or more; on the other hand, the foam formed during construction is not exposed in the air in the whole course, so that the biggest fire hazard during construction is eliminated; finally, due to the air tightness of the metal surface layer, the attenuation of the heat conductivity coefficient of the polyurethane foam layer can be greatly reduced, so that the polyurethane foam always keeps high index of the initial heat conductivity coefficient, and the heat preservation effect of the refrigeration house is greatly improved.
The construction process of the low-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer refrigerator provided by the invention can improve the compressive strength of foam in the parallel direction of the wall by 1 time under the condition that the density of the B1-level flame-retardant heat-insulating layer is unchanged or even becomes smaller, and greatly reduces the penetrating cracking condition of the foam. Meanwhile, a detachable wooden support is adopted during construction, polyurethane foam is directly used for bonding and fixing a surface color steel plate, so that the problem of a heat bridge caused by a large number of traditional keels and heat insulation bars made of high-impact PP materials does not exist in the foam layer of the refrigeration house, and the heat insulation effect of the refrigeration house is improved due to the fact that the heat bridge is made of uniform polyurethane foam. The spraying operation is completely carried out in the gap between the two layers of plates supported by the wooden support, so that the advantages of spraying foam with the thickness of 30-50mm on each layer being uniform and compact are reserved, the whole spraying process of foam growth is visible, and the like, and meanwhile, the greatest defect that spraying foam atomized raw materials are scattered into the whole refrigeration house to influence the construction environment and cause raw material waste is avoided. The sprayed foam heat-insulating layer is adhered to the color steel plate or the aluminum-zinc plated plate surface layer, so that the phenomenon of shrinkage penetration cracking of foam caused by low-temperature cold shrinkage can be avoided, the foam density is reduced, and the yield is increased to 20% or more; on the other hand, the foam formed during construction is not exposed in the air in the whole course, so that the biggest fire hazard during construction is eliminated; finally, due to the air tightness of the metal surface layer, the attenuation of the heat conductivity coefficient of the polyurethane foam layer can be greatly reduced, so that the polyurethane foam always keeps high index of the initial heat conductivity coefficient, and the heat preservation effect of the refrigeration house is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1: cell shape diagram during foam growth;
Fig. 2: SEM image of the internal cells of the formed foam.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The high-temperature and high-flame-retardant spray polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer in the refrigerator adopts a special construction process, and the specific construction steps are as follows:
1) And integrally bonding a layer of aluminum-zinc-plated iron plate with the thickness of 0.3mm on the civil engineering wall body of the refrigeration house.
2) Wooden struts with the length of 200mm and the cross section of 4cm 2 are arranged on an aluminum-zinc-plated iron plate at intervals, the struts are vertical to a wall body, the vertical and horizontal intervals of the struts are 200mm, the struts are uniformly distributed on the wall surface to form a matrix, neodymium-iron-boron magnets are fixed at two ends of the struts, and one end of each strut is attracted on the aluminum-zinc-plated iron plate by virtue of magnetic force;
3) Placing and mounting a color steel plate with the width of 1000mm at the other end of the wood support, wherein the color steel plate is fixed by virtue of a rubidium-iron-boron magnet;
4) Spraying the B1-level flame-retardant polyurethane foam with the density of 40 kg/m 3 between two layers of plates supported by the support, wherein the spraying direction of the spray gun is parallel to the wall, the expansion growth direction of the foam is parallel to the wall, and spraying is carried out layer by layer for multiple times;
5) Spraying foam to the vicinity of the wood pillar, removing the wood pillar, then continuing to spray layer by layer for multiple times, spraying the foam to the vicinity of the width edge of the color steel plate, and installing the next color steel plate;
6) Repeating the steps to finish the construction of the foam layer of the whole civil engineering wall.
The multiple layer-by-layer spray coating method mentioned in step 4) is as follows:
The thickness of the polyurethane material is 20mm-30mm, the polyurethane material is completely solidified after 3 minutes, then the next layer of spraying is carried out, and each layer is based on the thickness and time until the designed thickness is reached.
In the embodiment, the spraying direction of the raw material is parallel to the wall, and referring to fig. 1, in the figure, the long diameter direction of the oval cells is the rising direction of the foam, the expansion growth direction of the oval cells in the foam is parallel to the wall (the long axis direction of the oval cells are parallel to the wall), compared with the spraying construction method of the conventional B1-level raw material perpendicular to the wall (the long axis direction of the oval cells are perpendicular to the wall), the compressive strength of the foam parallel to the wall is doubled, 230kPa is achieved, the penetrating cracking of the wall is greatly reduced, the spraying foam density is 40kg/m 3 or so, and the yield is improved by about 20% compared with the conventional process B1-level density of 50kg/m 3. As can be seen from fig. 2, in the process of growth of the foam, cells are elongated along the growth direction, and the formed foam has oval-shaped spheres with large difference in length and diameter.
Example 2
The embodiment adopts a conventional refrigeration house construction process for spraying B1-level polyurethane heat-insulating materials, and comprises the following specific construction steps:
1) The T-shaped wood keels with the height of 200mm are arranged on the wall body, and are horizontally arranged and parallel to each other, and the interval between the wood keels is 1000mm.
2) The spraying density of the polyurethane foam is about 50kg/m 3, the flame retardance is B1-grade polyurethane foam, the spraying direction of the spray gun is vertical to the wall, the foam expansion growth direction is vertical to the wall, and the polyurethane foam is sprayed layer by layer for a plurality of times.
3) And installing an anti-cracking steel wire mesh when the thickness of the sprayed polyurethane foam reaches about 100 mm.
4) And continuing to spray layer by layer so that the thickness of the foam reaches the thickness of the wood joist (200 mm).
5) And (3) installing a color steel plate outer facing on the wood joist by rivets, and completing the construction of the foam layer of the whole civil engineering wall.
The multiple layer-by-layer spray coating method mentioned in step 2) is as follows:
The first layer is formed by spraying polyurethane material with the thickness of 5mm-10mm on the wall surface of the refrigeration house, and the polyurethane material is completely solidified after 3 minutes of interval, and then the second layer is sprayed;
the thickness of the second layer of spraying polyurethane material is 10mm-20mm, the polyurethane material is completely solidified after 3 minutes of interval, and then the third layer of spraying is carried out;
the third layer of sprayed polyurethane material has a thickness of between 20mm and 30mm, and after 3 minutes the polyurethane material is fully cured, and the next layer of spraying is performed, and each layer is then subjected to the thickness and time until the designed thickness is reached.
In the embodiment, the spray gun and the spraying direction are vertical to the wall, the foam growth direction is vertical to the wall, and the wall is parallel to the short axis direction of the foam oval cells, so that the foam strength of the wall in the parallel direction is about 100kPa about half of that in the vertical direction, the penetrating cracking probability of the wall is greatly increased, the spraying foam density is about 50kg/m 3, and the yield is reduced by about 25% compared with the density of about 40kg/m 3 in the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The embodiment adopts a conventional refrigeration house construction process for spraying B1-level polyurethane heat-insulating materials, and comprises the following specific construction steps:
1) The T-shaped wood keels with the height of 200mm are arranged on the wall body, and are horizontally arranged and parallel to each other, and the interval between the wood keels is 1000mm.
2) The spraying density of the polyurethane foam is about 50kg/m 3, the flame retardance is B1-grade polyurethane foam, the spraying direction of the spray gun is vertical to the wall, the foam expansion growth direction is vertical to the wall, and the polyurethane foam is sprayed layer by layer for a plurality of times.
3) And continuing to spray layer by layer so that the thickness of the foam reaches the thickness of the wood joist (200 mm).
4) And (3) installing a color steel plate outer facing on the wood joist by rivets, and completing the construction of the foam layer of the whole civil engineering wall.
The multiple layer-by-layer spray coating method mentioned in step 2) is as follows:
The first layer is formed by spraying polyurethane material with the thickness of 5mm-10mm on the wall surface of the refrigeration house, and the polyurethane material is completely solidified after 3 minutes of interval, and then the second layer is sprayed;
the thickness of the second layer of spraying polyurethane material is 10mm-20mm, the polyurethane material is completely solidified after 3 minutes of interval, and then the third layer of spraying is carried out;
the third layer of sprayed polyurethane material has a thickness of between 20mm and 30mm, and after 3 minutes the polyurethane material is fully cured, and the next layer of spraying is performed, and each layer is then subjected to the thickness and time until the designed thickness is reached.
In the embodiment, the spray gun and the spraying direction are vertical to the wall, the foam growth direction is vertical to the wall, and the wall is parallel to the short axis direction of the foam oval cells, so that the foam strength of the wall in the parallel direction is about 100kPa about half of that in the vertical direction, the penetrating cracking probability of the wall is greatly increased, the spraying foam density is about 50kg/m 3, and the yield is reduced by about 25% compared with the density of about 40kg/m 3 in the embodiment 1.
The test indexes of the above examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1:
Table 1: examples 1-3 test index Table
From the table data, the construction process of the low-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer cold storage provided by the invention can improve the compressive strength of the foam in the parallel direction of the wall by 1 time under the condition that the density of the foam is reduced by 20%, so that the penetrating cracking condition of the foam is greatly reduced and the yield is increased. Meanwhile, the inside of the foam layer of the refrigeration house is free from the problem of a heat bridge caused by a large amount of traditional keels and heat insulation rods made of high-impact PP materials, and the heat preservation effect of the refrigeration house is improved. The spraying operation all takes place in the space between the two-layer board material that wooden pillar propped up, has avoided spraying foam atomizing raw materials to spread to whole freezer room, influences the construction environment, causes the extravagant this biggest shortcoming of raw materials simultaneously. The foam formed during construction is not exposed in the air in the whole course, so that the biggest fire hidden trouble during construction is eliminated.
Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and yet fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The construction process of the high-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer refrigerator is characterized by comprising the following construction steps of:
1) An iron plate is integrally paved or adhered on the wall body of the refrigeration house;
2) The method comprises the steps that struts are arranged on an iron plate at intervals and perpendicular to a wall body, neodymium-iron-boron magnets are fixed at two ends of each strut, one end of each strut is attracted to the iron plate by means of magnetic force, and the length of each strut is the design thickness of a foam heat-insulating layer of a civil refrigeration house;
3) An iron plate or other plates are placed and installed at the other end of the strut, the iron plate is attracted on the neodymium-iron-boron magnet at one end of the strut, angle irons are placed on the outer surfaces of the other plates, the angle irons are matched with the neodymium-iron-boron magnet at the end part of the strut to fix the plates, and the height of the plates is matched with the layer height of the refrigeration house;
4) Spraying foam between the two plates supported by the support, wherein the spraying direction of the spray gun is parallel to the wall, the expansion growth direction of the foam is parallel to the wall, and the spray gun is sprayed layer by layer for multiple times;
5) Spraying foam to the vicinity of the support column, removing the support column, then continuing to spray layer by layer for multiple times, spraying the foam to the vicinity of the width edge of the color steel plate, and installing the next color steel plate;
6) Repeating the steps to finish the construction of the foam layer of the whole civil engineering wall.
2. The construction process of the low-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer cold storage according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1) and the step 3), the iron plate is any one of an aluminum-zinc-plated iron plate, a stainless steel plate and a color steel plate, and the thickness of the plate is 0.3-1mm.
3. The construction process of the low-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer cold storage is characterized in that the wall in the step 1) is any one of a civil engineering wall, a civil engineering roof and a color steel sandwich plate wall.
4. The construction process of the low-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer cold storage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2), the iron plates are provided with struts with a fixed cross-sectional area of 4-100cm 2 and a spacing of 200-1000mm, and the length of the struts is 180-220mm.
5. The construction process of the low-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet in the step 2) is equal to the cross-sectional area of the support column.
6. The construction process of the low-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer cold storage according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the support column is made of any one of wood, glass fiber reinforced plastic, pultruded profiles and plastics, and is of a hollow structure or a solid structure.
7. The construction process of the low-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer cold storage according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the other plates are any one of aluminum plates, glass fiber reinforced plastic plates, plastic plates and bamboo boards.
8. The construction process of the low-temperature high-flame-retardance spraying polyurethane hard foam heat-insulating layer refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the width of the iron plate or other plates in the step 3) is 500-1200mm.
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| CN102277961A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-12-14 | 广州拜尔冷链聚氨酯科技有限公司 | Construction method of large-size cold store wall |
| CN108952243A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-07 | 烟台市顺达聚氨酯有限责任公司 | A kind of ultra low temperature cool house heat preservation steam-partition architecture and construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2807016B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2002-08-23 | Guy Vigneron | ENCLOSURE FOR STORING HEAT SENSITIVE PRODUCTS, SUCH AS PUTRECIBLE WASTE |
| CN101525915B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-11-09 | 广州拜尔冷链聚氨酯科技有限公司 | Wall structure of large cold storage and construction method thereof |
| KR101241096B1 (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-03-11 | 정재원 | Movingtype low temperature warehouse |
| CN106279610A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 黄宝兴 | Polyurethane heat-insulating heat-preserving material |
| CN206257859U (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-06-16 | 广州博邦制冷科技有限公司 | A kind of heat preservation of refrigeration storage device |
| CN210002750U (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2020-01-31 | 上海越大节能科技有限公司 | Civil engineering formula freezer outer envelope heat preservation fire prevention decoration system |
| CN110359677A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-22 | 青岛东建建设有限公司 | External wall in-situ spraying polyurethane foamed thermal-insulating construction technology |
| CN111023674B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-09-14 | 北京市京科伦冷冻设备有限公司 | Constant temperature and humidity three-dimensional warehouse |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102277961A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-12-14 | 广州拜尔冷链聚氨酯科技有限公司 | Construction method of large-size cold store wall |
| CN108952243A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-07 | 烟台市顺达聚氨酯有限责任公司 | A kind of ultra low temperature cool house heat preservation steam-partition architecture and construction method |
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