CN114277270A - Manufacturing method and manufacturing device of low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Manufacturing method and manufacturing device of low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN114277270A CN114277270A CN202111341751.6A CN202111341751A CN114277270A CN 114277270 A CN114277270 A CN 114277270A CN 202111341751 A CN202111341751 A CN 202111341751A CN 114277270 A CN114277270 A CN 114277270A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation, and particularly discloses a manufacturing method and a manufacturing device of a low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy; the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a case assembly, a melting crucible, a standing tank and a slag receiving tank, wherein the case assembly comprises a case body and a lifting plate, and the melting crucible is fixedly arranged in a crucible mounting hole; the crucible furnace and the standing tank are communicated, various raw materials are melted in the crucible furnace, then molten liquid is discharged into the standing tank for standing treatment through the filtering effect, and upper-layer floating slag is discharged from the slag discharge pipe, so that the slag-liquid separation is realized, and the slag skimming treatment by operators is not needed; can close the crucible furnace automatically when carrying out melting to raw and other materials, prevent that the heat from giving off, and can open automatically again when carrying out argon refining, blow in argon gas, whole device's degree of automation is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation, and particularly discloses a manufacturing method and a manufacturing device of a low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy.
Background
The aluminum section is an alloy material with aluminum as a main component, and aluminum ingots are hot-melted and extruded to obtain aluminum materials with different cross-sectional shapes. In the preparation process of the aluminum alloy, the added alloy proportion is different, and the mechanical property and the application field of the produced industrial aluminum profile are also different.
During the production and preparation process of the aluminum alloy, various blanks are melted firstly, then slag is fished, namely, slag skimming is carried out, and the upper end of a dry boiler is always in a human open shape during the slag skimming, so that a large amount of heat is emitted, and the energy consumption of the whole preparation process is higher. In addition, slagging-off is generally carried out through manual operation, so that not only is the labor intensity high, but also huge potential safety hazards exist.
For example, the invention of application No. 200910028308.6 discloses a method of casting an aluminum alloy, characterized by comprising the steps of: 1) smelting the aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid; 2) when the temperature of the aluminum liquid reaches 710-720 ℃, pressing the dried additive into a bell jar, reacting for 2-5 minutes, introducing dry nitrogen into the bell jar by using a rotary blowing device, refining for 15-25 minutes, and controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 710-720 ℃ in the refining process to obtain an aluminum melt; 3) manufacturing a sand mold according to the shape of a casting, and treating the sand mold as follows: coating an alcohol-based coating on the surface of the sand mold, then coating alcohol and igniting to enable the alcohol-based coating to be fully combusted, then baking the alcohol-based coating by using flame to enable the alcohol-based coating to be fully dried, and then closing the mold after drying to obtain a processed sand mold; 4) after refining is finished, removing floating slag on the surface of the aluminum melt, spreading a covering agent, raising the temperature to 740 ℃ after the covering agent is spread, and carrying out heat preservation and standing; and (5) keeping the temperature and standing for 10-15 minutes, casting the processed sand mold, and fully solidifying to obtain the aluminum alloy casting. The aluminum alloy casting process is carried out in a crucible furnace during preparation, so that the energy consumption is high, manual slag skimming is required, and the automation degree is low. Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing aluminum alloy casting method and the existing aluminum alloy preparation equipment, the present application provides a manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus for a low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the conventional aluminum alloy casting method and the conventional aluminum alloy preparation equipment in the background art, and provides a manufacturing method and a manufacturing device of a low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
1) melting raw materials: adding an aluminum ingot, an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy and an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy into a crucible furnace, heating the crucible furnace to 720-780 ℃, raising the temperature of a melt to 800-810 ℃ after the materials are completely melted, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, wrapping the aluminum-calcium intermediate alloy with an aluminum foil after the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy is melted, pressing the aluminum-calcium intermediate alloy into the melt, adding a magnesium ingot, and finally adding a scandium ingot for melting;
2) separating slag and liquid: refining the melt by adopting refining containing potassium chloride and magnesium chloride and argon, adding a slag remover to stir after the refining is finished, firstly introducing the molten liquid into a standing tank, and then discharging the upper-layer slag into a slag receiving tank through a slag discharge pipe;
3) standing treatment: uniformly scattering a covering agent on the upper surface of the molten liquid in the standing tank, and controlling the temperature within the range of 780-800 ℃ for standing for half an hour;
4) casting and processing: after standing, starting casting when the temperature of the melt is 780 +/-10 ℃, wherein the casting speed is 85-100 mm/s;
5) homogenizing: homogenizing and insulating the cast aluminum alloy blank for 24-26h within the range of 550-570 ℃;
6) extrusion molding: controlling the temperature of the extruded ingot bar to be 450 ℃ and 470 ℃, carrying out profile extrusion forming at the speed of 3-7m/min, and finally cooling by strong wind.
Preferably, the low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2 to 0.3 percent of Si, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Fe, 0.8 to 1.2 percent of Mn, 1.55 to 2.45 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of Zr, 3.0 to 5.0 percent of Ca, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Sc and 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Ti, wherein the content of impurities is less than 0.05 percent, the total content is not less than 0.15 percent, and the balance is Al.
Preferably, the temperature of the casting disc in the fourth step is controlled within the range of 710 ℃ to 730 ℃.
Preferably, the homogenization treatment in the fifth step is followed by natural cooling.
A manufacturing installation for preparing the low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy, the installation is used in the step-and comprises a case assembly, a melting crucible, a standing tank and a slag receiving tank;
the machine box assembly comprises a machine box body, a lifting plate and a control box arranged on the machine box body, wherein one end of the machine box body is provided with a crucible mounting hole, a melting crucible is fixedly arranged in the crucible mounting hole, the lifting plate is arranged right above an opening at the upper end of the melting crucible, the front end and the rear end of the lifting plate are connected with lugs, a telescopic device is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the machine box body below each lug, the top end of each telescopic device is connected with the corresponding lug, a sealing cover plate matched with the opening of the melting crucible is arranged on the lower surface of the lifting plate, a stirring driving device is arranged on the upper surface of the lifting plate, and an output shaft of the stirring driving device penetrates through the lower ends of the lifting plate and the sealing cover plate to be connected with a stirring component extending into the melting crucible;
the melting crucible is characterized in that a first electromagnetic heating coil is arranged on the outer wall of the melting crucible, the lower end of the melting crucible is connected with a slag discharging pipe, a material guiding and switching assembly is arranged in the slag discharging pipe, the lower end of the slag discharging pipe is connected with a slag discharging pipe which extends out of a machine box body and is positioned right above a slag receiving groove, a large number of melt through holes are formed in the side face of the upper end of the slag discharging pipe, a liquid guide pipe is connected to the slag discharging pipe at the melt through holes, the standing tank is fixedly arranged in the machine box body, and the outer end of the liquid guide pipe is connected with the side wall of the upper end of the standing tank;
the upper end of the standing tank is hermetically arranged, a second electromagnetic heating coil is arranged on the circumferential surface of the standing tank, the lower end of the standing tank is connected with a liquid outlet pipe extending out of the case body, a valve is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe, a bearing is arranged at the circle center of the upper surface of the standing tank, a hollow rotating pipe is rotatably connected in the bearing, the lower end of the hollow rotating pipe is connected with a material scattering circular plate, a large number of material scattering holes are formed in the material scattering circular plate, a plurality of through holes are formed at the connecting position of the hollow rotating pipe and the material scattering circular plate, a driven gear is arranged on the circumferential surface of the upper end of the hollow rotating pipe, a driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and a material scattering motor connected with the driving gear is fixedly arranged in the case body;
the feeding device comprises a machine box body, a feeding barrel, a bearing sleeve, a feeding spiral blade, a feeding motor and a storage hopper, wherein the feeding barrel is horizontally arranged on the machine box body, the inner end of the feeding barrel is connected with a discharging pipe, the lower end of the discharging pipe is connected with the bearing sleeve which is rotatably connected with the upper end of a hollow rotating pipe, the feeding spiral blade is arranged in the feeding barrel, the feeding motor which is connected with the feeding spiral blade is arranged on the outer end surface of the feeding barrel, which extends out of the machine box body, and the upper surface of the outer end of the feeding barrel is connected with the storage hopper;
the lateral surface fixed mounting of quick-witted box has argon gas compression holding vessel, be connected with the compressed gas pipe on the argon gas compression holding vessel, and be provided with airtight valve on the compressed gas pipe, the upper end setting of compressed gas pipe is at the upper surface of quick-witted box, and is provided with a plurality of blowing nozzles that set up towards melting crucible upper end opening on the compressed gas pipe.
As a further arrangement of the above scheme, the stirring driving device comprises a driving motor and a speed reducer, and an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the stirring assembly.
As a further arrangement of the scheme, the stirring assembly comprises a vertically arranged stirring rod, and the lower end of the stirring rod is connected with two U-shaped stirring frames which are vertically crossed.
As a further arrangement of the above scheme, the material guiding and switching assembly comprises a switching motor arranged below the slag discharging pipe, an output shaft of the switching motor is connected with a rotating shaft extending into the slag discharging pipe, the upper end of the rotating shaft is connected with an arc-shaped sealing plate attached to the slag discharging pipe at the through hole of the molten liquid through a plurality of connecting rods, a partition plate is arranged in the slag discharging pipe below the through hole of the molten liquid, a slag discharging port is formed in the partition plate, and a follow-up plate attached to the partition plate and sealing the slag discharging port is connected to the rotating shaft.
As a further arrangement of the scheme, the telescopic device is one of a hydraulic telescopic rod and an electric push rod.
As a further arrangement of the above scheme, a heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner wall of the cabinet body.
Has the advantages that:
1) the method for preparing the low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy ensures that the density of the prepared aluminum alloy is less than or equal to 2.63g/cm 3; meanwhile, on the premise of ensuring that the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy section is equivalent to that of pure aluminum, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy section is more than or equal to 350MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 5%.
2) The preparation device disclosed by the invention adopts the communication arrangement of the crucible furnace and the standing tank, various raw materials are melted in the crucible furnace, then molten liquid is discharged into the standing tank for standing treatment through the filtering action, and upper-layer floating slag is discharged from the slag discharge pipe, so that the separation of slag and liquid is realized, and the preparation process does not need operators to carry out slag skimming treatment; in addition, the crucible furnace can be automatically closed when the raw materials are subjected to melting treatment, heat dissipation is prevented, the crucible furnace can be automatically opened when argon refining is performed, argon is blown in, and the automation degree of the whole device is higher.
3) The invention also arranges a material scattering circular plate above the standing tank, quantitatively feeds the covering agent to the upper part of the material scattering circular plate through the spiral feeder, then drives the material scattering circular plate to rotate, moves the covering agent outwards along the material scattering circular plate under the action of centrifugal force, and falls on the standing liquid through the pores in the moving process, so that the covering agent can uniformly and completely cover the upper surface of the molten liquid, the standing process can be completely isolated from the outside air, and the performance of the prepared aluminum alloy is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the manufacturing method of the low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first angular perspective structure of the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second angular perspective of the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the interior of the housing of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the lifter plate and the retractor device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 4 according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a material guiding and switching assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the hollow rotary pipe, the material spreading circular plate, the material spreading motor and the like according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a feed cylinder, a storage hopper, etc. according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the internal plan structure of the cartridge of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of an argon gas compression storage tank, a compressed gas pipe, etc. according to the present invention;
wherein:
1-case assembly, 101-case body, 102-lifting plate, 103-bump, 104-telescoping device, 105-sealing cover plate, 106-stirring driving device, 1061-driving motor, 1062-speed reducer, 107-stirring component, 1071-stirring rod, 1072-U-shaped stirring frame; (ii) a
200-a melting crucible, 201-a first electromagnetic heating coil, 202-a deslagging pipe, 2021-a melt through hole, 203-a liquid guide pipe, 204-a material guiding and switching component, 2041-a switching motor, 2042-a rotating shaft, 2043-a connecting rod, 2044-an arc-shaped sealing plate, 2045-a partition plate and 2046-a follow-up plate;
300-a standing tank, 301-a second electromagnetic heating coil, 302-a liquid outlet pipe, 304-a bearing, 305-a hollow rotating pipe, 3051-a through port, 306-a material scattering circular plate, 3061-a material scattering hole, 307-a driven gear, 308-a driving gear, 309-a material scattering motor, 311-a feeding barrel, 312-a discharging pipe, 313-a bearing sleeve, 314-a feeding spiral blade, 315-a feeding motor and 316-a storage hopper;
400-a slag receiving groove;
500-argon compression storage tank, 501-compressed air pipe, 502-airtight valve, 503-blowing nozzle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The method and apparatus for manufacturing a low-density, corrosion-resistant and high-strength aluminum alloy disclosed in the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 11.
Example 1
1) melting raw materials: adding an aluminum ingot, an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy and an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy into a crucible furnace, heating the crucible furnace to 730 ℃, raising the temperature of a melt to 800 ℃ after the materials are completely melted, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, wrapping the aluminum-calcium intermediate alloy with an aluminum foil after the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy is melted, pressing the aluminum-calcium intermediate alloy into the melt, adding a magnesium ingot, and finally adding a scandium ingot for melting.
2) Separating slag and liquid: refining the melt by adopting refining containing potassium chloride and magnesium chloride and argon, adding a slag remover to stir after the refining is finished, firstly introducing the molten liquid into a standing tank, and then discharging the upper-layer slag into a slag receiving tank through a slag discharge pipe.
3) Standing treatment: and uniformly scattering the covering agent on the upper surface of the molten liquid in the standing tank, and controlling the temperature to be 780 ℃ for half an hour.
4) Casting and processing: after the standing is finished, the casting is started when the temperature of the melt is 780 +/-10 ℃, the casting speed is 88mm/s, and the temperature of the casting plate is controlled within the range of 710-730 ℃.
5) Homogenizing: homogenizing the cast aluminum alloy blank at 550 ℃ for 24h, and naturally cooling after homogenizing treatment.
6) Extrusion molding: controlling the temperature of an extrusion ingot casting rod to be 450 ℃, carrying out profile extrusion molding at the speed of 5m/min, and finally cooling by strong wind to obtain the finished product.
Meanwhile, the raw material components are controlled to ensure that the low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2 to 0.3 percent of Si, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Fe, 0.8 to 1.2 percent of Mn, 1.55 to 2.45 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of Zr, 3.0 to 5.0 percent of Ca, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Sc and 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Ti, wherein the content of impurities is less than 0.05 percent, the total content is not less than 0.15 percent, and the balance is Al.
Example 2
Embodiment 2 also discloses a method for manufacturing a low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy, comprising the following steps:
1) melting raw materials: adding an aluminum ingot, an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy and an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy into a crucible furnace, heating the crucible furnace to 760 ℃, raising the temperature of a melt to 810 ℃ after the materials are completely melted, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, wrapping the aluminum-calcium intermediate alloy with an aluminum foil after the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy is melted, pressing the aluminum-calcium intermediate alloy into the melt, adding a magnesium ingot, and finally adding a scandium ingot for melting.
2) Separating slag and liquid: refining the melt by adopting refining containing potassium chloride and magnesium chloride and argon, adding a slag remover to stir after the refining is finished, firstly introducing the molten liquid into a standing tank, and then discharging the upper-layer slag into a slag receiving tank through a slag discharge pipe.
3) Standing treatment: and uniformly scattering the covering agent on the upper surface of the molten liquid in the standing tank, and controlling the temperature to be 780 ℃ for half an hour.
4) Casting and processing: after the standing is finished, the casting is started when the temperature of the melt is 780 +/-10 ℃, the casting speed is 100mm/s, and the temperature of the casting plate is controlled within the range of 710-730 ℃.
5) Homogenizing: homogenizing the cast aluminum alloy blank at 550 ℃ for 26h, and naturally cooling after homogenizing treatment.
6) Extrusion molding: controlling the temperature of an extruded ingot casting rod to be 470 ℃, carrying out profile extrusion molding at the speed of 4m/min, and finally cooling by strong wind to obtain the finished product.
Meanwhile, the raw material components are controlled to ensure that the low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2 to 0.3 percent of Si, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Fe, 0.8 to 1.2 percent of Mn, 1.55 to 2.45 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of Zr, 3.0 to 5.0 percent of Ca, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Sc and 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Ti, wherein the content of impurities is less than 0.05 percent, the total content is not less than 0.15 percent, and the balance is Al.
Example 3
Example 3 discloses an apparatus used in steps 1-3 of examples 1 and 2, which comprises four major components of a cabinet assembly 1, a melting crucible 200, a standing tank 300 and a slag receiving tank 400.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 5, the cabinet assembly 1 includes a cabinet 101, a lifting plate 102 and a control box 100 disposed on the cabinet 101, wherein the control box 100 is used for controlling all electrical components in the whole apparatus.
A crucible mounting hole is formed at one end of the housing 101, and then the melting crucible 200 is fixedly disposed in the crucible mounting hole, wherein a thermal insulation layer is further disposed on the inner wall of the housing 101 in order to prevent the surface temperature of the housing 101 from being too high. The lifting plate 102 is arranged right above an opening at the upper end of the melting crucible 200, the front end and the rear end of the lifting plate 102 are connected with the convex blocks 103, the outer wall of the box body 101 below each convex block 103 is fixedly provided with a telescopic device 104, the top end of the telescopic device 104 is connected with the convex blocks 103, and the telescopic device can be a hydraulic telescopic rod or an electric push rod during specific setting. A sealing cover plate 105 that matches the opening of the melting crucible 200 is provided on the lower surface of the lifting plate 102. The upper opening of the crucible furnace can be opened or closed through the extension or shortening of the telescopic device 104, and melting is carried out when the crucible furnace is closed, so that heat dissipation is prevented; when opened, argon can be blown in for refining.
In addition, a stirring driving device 106 is further provided on the upper surface of the elevating plate 102, and an output shaft of the stirring driving device 106 is connected to a stirring member 107 extending into the melting crucible 200 through the elevating plate 102 and the lower end of the sealing cover 105. When the stirring driving device 106 is specifically arranged, the stirring driving device 106 comprises a driving motor 1061 and a speed reducer 1062, an output shaft on the speed reducer 1062 is connected with the stirring assembly 107, the stirring assembly 107 comprises a stirring rod 1071 which is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the stirring rod 1071 is connected with two U-shaped stirring frames 1072 which are vertically and crossly arranged. The melting can be performed by driving the stirring rod 1071 to rotate, and the inner raw material is stirred to be melted more quickly and uniformly.
Referring to fig. 4, a first electromagnetic heating coil 201 is provided on an outer wall of the melting crucible 200 for heating the raw material. A slag discharge pipe 202 is connected to the lower end of the melting crucible 200, and a material guide switching assembly 204 is disposed in the slag discharge pipe 202. The lower end of the slag discharging pipe 202 is connected with a slag discharging pipe 205 which extends out of the machine box body 101 and is positioned right above the slag receiving groove 400, the side surface of the upper end of the slag discharging pipe 202 is provided with a large number of melt through holes 2021, and the slag discharging pipe 202 at the melt through holes 2021 is connected with a liquid guide pipe 203.
The material guiding and switching assembly 204 can refer to fig. 6 and 7 during specific setting, and comprises a switching motor 2041 arranged below the deslagging pipe 202, an output shaft of the switching motor 2041 is connected with a rotating shaft 2042 extending into the deslagging pipe 202, the upper end of the rotating shaft 2042 is connected with an arc-shaped sealing plate 2044 attached to the deslagging pipe at the position of the molten liquid through hole 2021 through a plurality of connecting rods 2043, a partition plate 2045 is arranged in the deslagging pipe 202 below the molten liquid through hole 2021, a deslagging port is formed in the partition plate 2045, and a follow-up plate 2046 attached to the partition plate 2045 and sealing the deslagging port is connected to the rotating shaft 2042. Through the arrangement of the material guide switching assembly, the rotating shaft 2042 is driven by the switching motor 2041 to rotate for a certain angle, so that the melt through hole 2021 is opened, and the melt in the crucible furnace flows into the standing tank; and after the molten liquid is discharged, rotating a certain angle to open the slag discharging opening, and discharging the waste slag along the slag discharging pipe.
The standing tank 300 is fixedly arranged in the case body 101, and the outer end of the liquid guide pipe 203 is connected with the upper end side wall of the standing tank 300. The upper end of the standing tank 300 is hermetically provided, and a second electromagnetic heating coil 301 for keeping the temperature of the melt is provided on the circumferential surface of the standing tank 300. A liquid outlet pipe 302 extending out of the machine box body 101 is connected to the lower end of the standing tank 300, and a valve 303 is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe 302.
Referring to fig. 8, 9 and 10, a bearing 304 is further disposed at a center of the upper surface of the standing tank 300, a hollow rotating pipe 305 is rotatably connected in the bearing 304, a material scattering circular plate 306 is connected to a lower end of the hollow rotating pipe 305, a large number of material scattering holes 3061 are formed in the material scattering circular plate 306, and a plurality of through holes 3051 are formed at a connection position of the hollow rotating pipe 305 and the material scattering circular plate 306. A driven gear 307 is provided on the upper circumferential surface of the hollow rotating pipe 305, a driving gear 308 is engaged with the driven gear 307, and a material scattering motor 309 connected to the driving gear 308 is fixedly provided in the casing 101.
In addition, a feeding cylinder 311 is horizontally arranged on the machine box body 101, the inner end of the feeding cylinder 311 is connected with a blanking pipe 312, and the lower end of the blanking pipe 312 is connected with a bearing sleeve 313 which is rotatably connected with the upper end of the hollow rotating pipe 305. The feeding screw blade 314 is arranged in the feeding barrel 311, the feeding motor 315 connected with the feeding screw blade 314 is arranged on the outer end surface of the feeding barrel 311 extending out of the machine box body 101, and the upper surface of the outer end of the feeding barrel 311 is connected with the storage hopper 316. When the melt is left to stand, the feed screw 314 feeds the coating agent to the center of the scattering disk, and the scattering disk 306 is driven to rotate to uniformly scatter the coating agent on the upper surface of the melt by centrifugal force.
Finally, referring to fig. 3 and 11, an argon compression storage tank 500 is fixedly mounted on the outer side surface of the machine box 101, a compressed air pipe 501 is connected to the argon compression storage tank 500, an airtight valve 502 is arranged on the compressed air pipe 501, the upper end of the compressed air pipe 501 is arranged on the upper surface of the machine box 101, and a plurality of blowing nozzles 503 arranged towards the upper end opening of the melting crucible 200 are arranged on the compressed air pipe 501. When the molten liquid needs to be refined by argon, the upper part of the crucible furnace can be opened, and the argon is blown to the upper part of the crucible furnace through the blowing nozzle 503 to finish the argon refining process.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy is manufactured by adopting a manufacturing device, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) melting raw materials: adding an aluminum ingot, an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy and an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy into a crucible furnace, heating the crucible furnace to 720-780 ℃, raising the temperature of a melt to 800-810 ℃ after the materials are completely melted, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, wrapping the aluminum-calcium intermediate alloy with an aluminum foil after the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy is melted, pressing the aluminum-calcium intermediate alloy into the melt, adding a magnesium ingot, and finally adding a scandium ingot for melting;
2) separating slag and liquid: refining the melt by adopting refining containing potassium chloride and magnesium chloride and argon, adding a slag remover to stir after the refining is finished, firstly introducing the molten liquid into a standing tank, and then discharging the upper-layer slag into a slag receiving tank through a slag discharge pipe;
3) standing treatment: uniformly scattering a covering agent on the upper surface of the molten liquid in the standing tank, and controlling the temperature within the range of 780-800 ℃ for standing for half an hour;
4) casting and processing: after standing, starting casting when the temperature of the melt is 780 +/-10 ℃, wherein the casting speed is 85-100 mm/s;
5) homogenizing: homogenizing and insulating the cast aluminum alloy blank for 24-26h within the range of 550-570 ℃;
6) extrusion molding: controlling the temperature of the extruded ingot bar to be 450 ℃ and 470 ℃, carrying out profile extrusion forming at the speed of 3-7m/min, and finally cooling by strong wind.
2. The method for manufacturing the low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2 to 0.3 percent of Si, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Fe, 0.8 to 1.2 percent of Mn, 1.55 to 2.45 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of Zr, 3.0 to 5.0 percent of Ca, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Sc and 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Ti, wherein the content of impurities is less than 0.05 percent, the total content is not less than 0.15 percent, and the balance is Al.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the cast plate in the fourth step is controlled within the range of 710-730 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy is naturally cooled after the homogenization treatment in the fifth step.
5. A manufacturing device for the low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the device is used in the steps 1 to 3 and comprises a case assembly (1), a melting crucible (200), a standing tank (300) and a slag receiving tank (400);
the machine box assembly (1) comprises a machine box body (101), a lifting plate (102) and a control box (100) arranged on the machine box body (101), a crucible mounting hole is formed in one end of the machine box body (101), a melting crucible (200) is fixedly arranged in the crucible mounting hole, the lifting plate (102) is arranged right above an opening in the upper end of the melting crucible (200), protruding blocks (103) are connected to the front end and the rear end of the lifting plate (102), a telescopic device (104) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the machine box body (101) below each protruding block (103), the top end of each telescopic device (104) is connected with each protruding block (103), a sealing cover plate (105) matched with the opening of the melting crucible (200) is arranged on the lower surface of the lifting plate (102), a stirring driving device (106) is arranged on the upper surface of the lifting plate (102), and an output shaft of the stirring driving device (106) penetrates through the lifting plate (102) and the lower portion of the sealing cover plate (105) The end is connected with a stirring component (107) extending into the melting crucible (200);
the melting furnace is characterized in that a first electromagnetic heating coil (201) is arranged on the outer wall of the melting crucible (200), the lower end of the melting crucible (200) is connected with a slag discharging pipe (202), a material guiding and switching component (204) is arranged in the slag discharging pipe (202), the lower end of the slag discharging pipe (202) is connected with a slag discharging pipe (205) which extends out of the machine box body (101) and is positioned right above the slag receiving groove (400), a large number of melt through holes (2021) are formed in the side face of the upper end of the slag discharging pipe (202), a liquid guide pipe (203) is connected to the slag discharging pipe (202) at the position of the melt through holes (2021), the standing tank (300) is fixedly arranged in the machine box body (101), and the outer end of the liquid guide pipe (203) is connected with the side wall of the upper end of the standing tank (300);
the upper end of the standing tank (300) is arranged in a sealing manner, a second electromagnetic heating coil (301) is arranged on the circumferential surface of the standing tank (300), the lower end of the standing tank (300) is connected with a liquid outlet pipe (302) extending out of the machine box body (101), a valve (303) is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe (302), a bearing (304) is arranged at the center of the circle of the upper surface of the standing tank (300), a hollow rotating pipe (305) is connected in the bearing (304) in a rotating manner, the lower end of the hollow rotating pipe (305) is connected with a material scattering circular plate (306), a large number of material scattering holes (3061) are formed in the material scattering circular plate (306), a plurality of through holes (3051) are formed at the connecting part of the hollow rotating pipe (305) and the material scattering circular plate (306), a driven gear (307) is arranged on the circumferential surface of the upper end of the hollow rotating pipe (305), and a driving gear (308) is meshed with the driven gear (307), a material spreading motor (309) connected with the driving gear (308) is fixedly arranged in the machine box body (101);
a feeding barrel (311) which is horizontally arranged is arranged on the machine box body (101), the inner end of the feeding barrel (311) is connected with a blanking pipe (312), the lower end of the blanking pipe (312) is connected with a bearing sleeve (313) which is rotatably connected with the upper end of the hollow rotating pipe (305), a feeding spiral blade (314) is arranged in the feeding barrel (311), a feeding motor (315) which is connected with the feeding spiral blade (314) is arranged on the outer end surface of the feeding barrel (311) extending out of the machine box body (101), and a storage hopper (316) is connected with the upper surface of the outer end of the feeding barrel (311);
the argon compression storage tank (500) is fixedly mounted on the outer side face of the machine box body (101), a compression air pipe (501) is connected to the argon compression storage tank (500), an airtight valve (502) is arranged on the compression air pipe (501), the upper end of the compression air pipe (501) is arranged on the upper surface of the machine box body (101), and a plurality of blowing nozzles (503) which are arranged towards the upper end opening of the melting crucible (200) are arranged on the compression air pipe (501).
6. The manufacturing device of the low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein the stirring driving device (106) comprises a driving motor (1061) and a speed reducer (1062), and an output shaft of the speed reducer (1062) is connected with the stirring assembly (107).
7. The apparatus for manufacturing low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the stirring assembly (107) comprises a vertically arranged stirring rod (1071), and two vertically crossed U-shaped stirring frames (1072) are connected to the lower end of the stirring rod (1071).
8. The manufacturing device of low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein the material guiding switching assembly (204) comprises a switching motor (2041) arranged below the deslagging pipe (202), an output shaft of the switching motor (2041) is connected with a rotating shaft (2042) extending into the deslagging pipe (202), the upper end of the rotating shaft (2042) is connected with an arc-shaped sealing plate (2044) attached to the deslagging pipe at the position of the molten liquid through hole (2021) through a plurality of connecting rods (2043), a partition plate (2045) is arranged in the deslagging pipe (202) below the molten liquid through hole (2021), a deslagging port is formed in the partition plate (2045), and a follow-up plate (2046) attached to the partition plate (2045) and sealing the deslagging port is connected to the rotating shaft (2042).
9. The manufacturing device of low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein the telescopic device (104) is one of a hydraulic telescopic rod and an electric push rod.
10. The apparatus for manufacturing low-density corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein a heat insulating layer is provided on an inner wall of the machine case (101).
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| CN116237503A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-06-09 | 佛山市艾倍科五金有限公司 | Precise casting process of ultrahigh-chromium cast ball |
| CN117109301A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2023-11-24 | 山西第三代半导体技术创新中心有限公司 | Crucible structure for preparing large-aperture silicon carbide powder |
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