CN114276072A - Light high-performance concrete for assembled bridge and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light high-performance concrete for assembled bridge and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly discloses light high-performance concrete for an assembled bridge and a preparation method thereof. The light high-performance concrete for the assembled bridge comprises the following raw materials by weight: the method comprises the following steps of preparing 300kg of cement, 50-150 kg of compound superfine powder, 600-800 kg of quartz sand, 400-500 kg of ultra-light ceramsite, 5-10kg of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and 100-200 kg of water, obtaining the specific compound superfine powder, and simultaneously carrying out surface modification and other operations on the solid waste ultra-light ceramsite to achieve the purpose of the invention. The concrete prepared by the invention has the performance advantages of light weight, compactness, high strength, good durability and the like, can obviously reduce the self weight of the structure and the basic bearing, and can also be applied to the functional fields of heat insulation, noise reduction and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to light high-performance concrete for an assembled bridge and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to promote the cooperative development of intelligent construction and building industrialization, accelerate the construction mode conversion and promote the high-quality development of the building industry, China is developing the assembly type building vigorously and popularizing and applying the precast concrete components. The popularization and application of the precast concrete components can promote the establishment of a specialized, large-scale and informatization production system based on standardized building parts, obviously improve the industrialization, digitization and intellectualization levels of buildings, obviously improve the labor productivity, greatly reduce the energy resource consumption and pollution emission, and promote the creation of 'Chinese construction' upgraded edition.
At present, most of precast concrete members are made of common concrete, the self weight of the common concrete members is large, the self load of a bridge is large, the requirement on the bearing capacity of the bridge foundation is high, meanwhile, the transportation and installation of the members are inconvenient, and the transportation and installation costs are increased. In addition, the common concrete has large particle size of the cementing material particles, so that the hardened cementing material is not compact enough, a large number of capillary holes exist inside the concrete, and external harmful substances are easy to corrode and enter the concrete, so that the durability of the concrete member is not enough.
Therefore, the light high-performance concrete for the assembled bridge, which is light, compact, high in strength, good in durability and environment-friendly, is developed, and has great significance for reducing the dead weight of the structure, reducing the foundation load, improving the earthquake-resistant performance of the structure and promoting the development of the building industry in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lightweight, high-strength and good-durability concrete material and a preparation method thereof aiming at the performance deficiency of the traditional concrete prefabricated part, so as to solve the problems of heavy mass, poor durability and the like of the existing precast concrete, and effectively utilize waste materials to achieve the purpose of protecting the environment.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the light high-performance concrete for the assembled bridge comprises the following raw materials by weight per cubic meter: 200kg of cement, 50-150 kg of compound ultrafine powder, 600-800 kg of quartz sand, 400-500 kg of ultra-light ceramsite, 5-10kg of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and 100-200 kg of water;
the compound superfine powder comprises the following raw materials: ultrafine aluminum silicate powder with the particle size of 5-10 mu m, superfine slag powder with the particle size of 1-5 mu m and silica fume powder with the particle size of 0.1-0.2 mu m;
further, each cube of the light-weight high-performance concrete for the fabricated bridge comprises the following raw materials by weight: 270kg of cement, 100kg of compound superfine powder, 704kg of quartz sand, 442kg of ultra-light ceramsite, 7.6kg of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and 150kg of water.
Further, the ultra-light ceramsite is vanadium tailing ceramsite with the particle size of 10-20mm, preferably a mixture of the vanadium tailing ceramsite with different particle sizes which are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the most preferable is that: two vanadium tailing ceramsite with the particle size of 10mm, 15mm and 20mm are mixed according to the mass ratio (1-3): (1-3) mixing the above-mentioned components.
Further, the mass ratio of the superfine aluminum silicate powder, the superfine slag powder and the silica fume powder in the compound superfine powder is (5-20): (10-40): (25-50), most preferably (10-15): 25: (35-40).
Further, the ultralight ceramsite is ultralight ceramsite subjected to surface modification by epoxy resin, and the specific method for modifying comprises the following steps:
a. spraying the aqueous epoxy resin emulsion on the surface of the ultra-light ceramsite, wherein the spraying amount of the aqueous epoxy resin emulsion per ton of ceramsite particles is 10-15kg, so as to obtain the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment;
b. wetting the ceramsite subjected to the interface treatment in the step a by using a hexadecyl trimethoxy silane aqueous solution (preferably, the mass of hexadecyl trimethoxy silane in the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane aqueous solution is 0.2 percent of the mass of water), and then coating the compound superfine powder on the surface of the ceramsite to obtain the modified ultralight ceramsite.
Further, the amount of the compound ultrafine powder in the step b is 20% of the mass of the ceramsite subjected to the interface treatment in the step a.
Further, the ultra-light ceramsite is vanadium tailing ceramsite, preferably: the cylinder pressure strength of the vanadium tailing ceramsite is more than or equal to 6MPa, the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the bulk density is less than or equal to 800kg/m3。
Further, the aqueous epoxy resin emulsion in the step a consists of A, B two components, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of (2-4): 1, mixing and stirring until a uniform emulsion is formed;
the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of nonionic waterborne epoxy resin, 5-20 parts of epoxy active diluent, 0.05-0.2 part of dispersant and 0.05-0.2 part of defoaming agent;
the component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of epoxy resin curing agent, 0.05-0.2 part of coupling agent and 0.05-0.2 part of curing accelerator;
further, the epoxy reactive diluent is butyl glycidyl ether BGE, allyl glycidyl ether AGE or cardanol glycidyl ether CGE;
further, the dispersant is trichlorofluoromethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane or dichlorodifluoroethane;
further, the defoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane or tributyl phosphate;
further, the epoxy resin curing agent is a polyamide curing agent (preferably a polyamide curing agent 650 or 651), 2-methylimidazole 2MZ or 2-phenylimidazole 2 PZ;
further, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH570, KH550 or KH 560;
further, the curing accelerator is 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol or benzyldimethylamine BDMA.
Further, the nonionic aqueous epoxy resin is a bisphenol a type epoxy resin, a bisphenol F type epoxy resin, or a bisphenol S type epoxy resin.
More preferably, the aqueous epoxy resin emulsion consists of A, B two components, and the preparation method is as follows: mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing and stirring until a uniform emulsion is formed (most preferably, the obtained aqueous epoxy resin emulsion is diluted by deionized water with the volume being 10 times that of the emulsion and then is put into use, and the spraying amount of the aqueous epoxy resin emulsion of each ton of ceramsite particles is measured by the mass of the aqueous epoxy resin emulsion before dilution), wherein the component A is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5190 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin E, 10 parts of epoxy active diluent BGE, 0.1 part of dispersant trichlorotrifluoroethane and 0.1 part of defoamer polydimethylsiloxane;
the component B is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of epoxy resin polyamide curing agent, KH 5700.1 parts of coupling agent and 0.1 part of curing accelerator 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol TAP.
Further, the cement is ordinary portland cement.
Further, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is STHPC-03A type high-performance water reducer mother liquor, KH-5 standard type polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor or TJ-288 conventional water reducer mother liquor.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the concrete, which comprises the following steps:
and pouring the ultra-light ceramsite, the quartz sand, the cement and the compounded ultrafine powder into a mixer in sequence, fully and uniformly stirring, and then adding the polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and water into the mixer simultaneously by adopting a same mixing method, and fully stirring to obtain the light high-performance concrete.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially pouring the ultralight ceramsite, the quartz sand, the cement and the compound ultrafine powder into a mixing machine, and fully and uniformly stirring, wherein the compound ultrafine powder is uniformly poured into the mixing machine at intervals of 2-4 parts (preferably, one part is poured into the mixing machine every 20-30s after the stirring is started) until the mixture is uniformly stirred; and then uniformly mixing the polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent with water, uniformly dividing the mixture into 2-3 parts, pouring the mixture into a mixing machine (preferably pouring one part every 20-30 s), and fully stirring to obtain the light high-performance concrete for the fabricated bridge.
The forming and curing of the light high-performance concrete can be carried out according to the conventional method in the field: uniformly coating a layer of mixture of superfine powder and a silane water solution on the surface of a molding test piece mold; filling the light high-performance concrete into a mould twice, wherein the thickness of each time is approximately equal; and (3) vibrating by using a vibrating rod, wherein in the vibrating process, the periphery of the mold is vibrated respectively, the distance between the vibrating rod and the bottom is 10-20mm, the vibrating rod cannot touch the bottom, and the vibrating time is 20s, so that the molded light high-performance concrete test piece is obtained.
The maintenance method comprises the following steps: and (3) demoulding the molded lightweight high-performance concrete test piece, putting the molded lightweight high-performance concrete test piece into a steam box, curing the concrete test piece for 14 days at the steam curing temperature of 90 ℃ and the relative humidity of 100%, and then performing standard curing for 28 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1) the weight is light. The light high-performance concrete adopts ceramsite particles fired by vanadium tailings to replace broken stone aggregates and adopts superfine powder with lower density to replace part of cement, so that the self weight can be reduced by 20-50%, and the basic bearing requirement and the transportation and installation cost of the fabricated bridge can be reduced.
2) The strength is high. The surface of the ceramsite is modified by adopting the epoxy resin, and a protective shell layer with higher strength is formed on the surface of the ceramsite, so that the strength of the ceramsite is improved; the water-based epoxy resin can not only improve the strength of the ceramsite, but also improve the bonding strength of the ceramsite and other cementing materials. In addition, the superfine powder proportioning of the invention can effectively fill gaps between cement particles and coarse aggregates, and the addition of the superfine powder promotes the further hydration of gel materials, improves the microstructure of concrete, and ensures that the internal structure of a formed concrete test piece is more compact and has higher strength.
3) The durability is good. The spraying of the epoxy resin on the surface of the ceramsite aggregate enhances the acid, alkali, salt and CO resistance of the aggregate2、SO3The properties of the substances; in the mixing process, silane solution is adopted for mixing treatment, so that the anti-permeability performance of the concrete can be enhanced; meanwhile, the light high-performance concrete is more compact due to the addition of the superfine powder, so that the infiltration of harmful substances is effectively prevented, and the durability of the light high-performance concrete is improved.
4) Is environment-friendly. The waste vanadium tailings are fired into the ceramsite with different particle sizes, so that the waste is recycled, a large amount of stone exploitation is reduced, and the novel concept of environmental protection and energy conservation in the building industry is met.
5) The application is wide. The concrete prepared by the invention is widely applied, and besides being applied to bridge construction, the ceramsite has large internal porosity and has the functions of heat preservation and noise reduction, so that the concrete can also be applied to the fields of wall heat insulation and noise reduction and pavement heat insulation and noise reduction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a field physical diagram of a compressive strength test performed on the lightweight high-performance concrete sample of example 1.
Fig. 2 is a field object diagram of the flexural strength test of the lightweight high-performance concrete sample of example 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a lightweight high-performance concrete specimen in example 2 during standard curing.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are provided to further illustrate the contents of the present invention, but the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
The vanadium tailing ceramsite used in the following examples is prepared by firing vanadium tailings serving as a raw material and clay and potassium feldspar serving as auxiliary materials (the weight ratio is 6: 1: 3), and is purchased from Anhui Chen's environmental protection and energy conservation science and technology Limited.
The waterborne epoxy resin used in the following examples is bisphenol A epoxy resin E51 (epoxy value 0.48-0.51) available from Nantong star plastics, Inc.; the used cement is P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement; the quartz sand used is 100-mesh quartz sand.
Embodiment 1 a method for preparing a lightweight high-performance concrete for an assembled bridge, comprising the steps of:
(1) screening vanadium tailing ceramsite: screening vanadium tailing ceramsite with the particle size of 10mm, wherein the cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite is more than or equal to 6MPa, the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the bulk density is less than or equal to 800kg/m3。
(2) Performing interface treatment on the surface of the ceramsite:
firstly, compressed air is adopted to carry out dust removal treatment on the surface of ceramsite;
then, preparing a water-based epoxy resin emulsion: mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 2: 1, and stirring until a uniform emulsion, namely the water-based epoxy resin emulsion, is formed. Wherein the component A is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of water-based epoxy resin, 10 parts of epoxy active diluent BGE, 0.1 part of dispersant trichlorotrifluoroethane and 0.1 part of polydimethylsiloxane with the molecular weight of 15000 as a defoaming agent.
The component B is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65010 parts of epoxy resin polyamide curing agent, KH 5700.1 parts of silane coupling agent and 0.1 part of curing accelerator 2,4, 6-tri (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol TAP.
And then, diluting the prepared aqueous epoxy resin emulsion with 10 times of volume of deionized water, uniformly spraying the diluted aqueous epoxy resin emulsion on the surfaces of the ceramsite particles after dust removal, and turning over while spraying in the spraying process to ensure that the surfaces of the ceramsite particles can be uniformly sprayed until the surface morphology of the ceramsite particles cannot be seen, wherein the spraying amount of the epoxy resin emulsion per ton of the ceramsite particles is 10kg (measured by the mass of the epoxy resin emulsion before dilution, the same below), so as to obtain the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment.
(3) Preparing superfine powder with different grain diameters into compound superfine powder: superfine aluminum silicate powder with the particle size of 5-10 mu m, superfine slag powder with the particle size of 1-5 mu m and silica fume powder with the particle size of 0.1-0.2 mu m are mixed according to the weight ratio of 10: 25:35, uniformly mixing to obtain the compound superfine powder.
(4) Preparing a silane aqueous solution: the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane is mixed into water and fully stirred and uniformly mixed, and the mass of the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane is 0.2 percent of that of the water.
(5) Carrying out powder wrapping treatment on the surface of the ceramsite: wetting the surface of the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment in the step (2) by using the silane aqueous solution prepared in the step (4), then coating the surface of the ceramsite subjected to the wetting treatment by using the compound superfine powder prepared in the step (3), wherein the using amount of the compound superfine powder is 20% of the mass of the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment in the step (2), and fully stirring to uniformly coat the surface of the ceramsite to obtain the ceramsite 1 subjected to powder coating treatment.
Then, screening the vanadium tailing ceramsite with the particle size of 15mm (the cylinder pressure strength is more than or equal to 6MPa, the water absorption is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the bulk density is less than or equal to 800 kg/m)3) And (5) performing the operations of the steps (1) to (5) to obtain the ceramsite 2 coated with the powder.
(6) Forming the light high-performance concrete:
the preparation of the lightweight high-performance concrete is carried out according to the following raw materials in weight content in unit volume: the powder is wrapped with the ceramsite mixture (namely the ceramsite mixture with the weight ratio of 2: 1)The mixture of the ceramsite 1 and the ceramsite 2 after the powder coating treatment) 442kg/m3704kg/m of quartz sand3270kg/m of cement3The compound superfine powder in the step (3) is 100kg/m37.60kg/m of mother liquor of water reducing agent3150kg/m of water3。
And pouring the ceramsite mixture, the quartz sand, the cement and the compound superfine powder after the powder coating treatment into a mixing machine in sequence, fully and uniformly stirring (wherein the compound superfine powder is poured into the mixing machine in batches in 3 parts, and pouring one part every 20s after the stirring is started till the mixing is uniform), and then simultaneously adding the STHPC-03A type high-performance water reducing agent mother liquor and water into the mixing machine by adopting a same mixing method (the water reducing agent mother liquor is mixed with the water and then poured into the mixing machine at intervals of 2 parts, and the one part is poured at first when the stirring is started, and the rest is poured after 30 s), and fully stirring to obtain the light high-performance concrete.
Before the light high-performance concrete is molded, a layer of mixture of the compound ultrafine powder prepared by the embodiment and a silane water solution (the weight ratio of the compound ultrafine powder to the silane water solution is 3: 1) is uniformly coated on the surface of a molding test piece mold, so that the demolding difficulty is avoided; and (2) filling the mixed lightweight high-performance concrete into a mould twice, wherein the thickness of each time is approximately equal, vibrating by using a vibrating rod, vibrating around the mould respectively in the vibrating process, wherein the distance between the vibrating rod and the bottom is 10-20mm, the vibrating rod does not touch the bottom, and the vibrating time is 20s, so that a molded lightweight high-performance concrete test piece is obtained.
(7) Curing the light high-performance concrete: and (3) demoulding the molded light high-performance concrete sample, putting the demoulded molded light high-performance concrete sample into a steam box, curing the sample for 14d at the steam curing temperature of 90 ℃ and the relative humidity of 100%, and then performing standard curing for 28d according to the standard of the test method for the long-term performance and durability of common concrete in GBT 50082-2009.
Embodiment 2 a method for preparing a lightweight high-performance concrete for an assembled bridge, comprising the steps of:
(1) screening vanadium tailing ceramsite: screening vanadium tailing ceramsite with the particle size of 10mm, wherein the cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite is more than or equal to 6MPa, the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the bulk density is less than or equal to 800kg/m3。
(2) Performing interface treatment on the surface of the ceramsite:
firstly, compressed air is adopted to carry out dust removal treatment on the surface of ceramsite;
then, preparing a water-based epoxy resin emulsion: mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 2: 1, and stirring until a uniform emulsion, namely the water-based epoxy resin emulsion, is formed. Wherein the component A is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of water-based epoxy resin, 10 parts of epoxy active diluent BGE, 0.1 part of dispersant trichlorotrifluoroethane and 0.1 part of polydimethylsiloxane with the molecular weight of 15000 as a defoaming agent.
The component B is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65110 parts of epoxy resin polyamide curing agent, KH 5700.1 parts of silane coupling agent and 0.1 part of curing accelerator TAP.
And then, diluting the prepared aqueous epoxy resin emulsion with 10 times of volume of deionized water, uniformly spraying the diluted aqueous epoxy resin emulsion on the surfaces of the ceramsite particles after dust removal, and turning over while spraying in the spraying process to ensure that the surfaces of the ceramsite particles can be uniformly sprayed until the surface morphology of the ceramsite particles cannot be seen, wherein the spraying amount of the epoxy resin emulsion per ton of the ceramsite particles is 15kg (measured by the mass of the epoxy resin emulsion before dilution, the same below), so as to obtain the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment.
(3) Preparing superfine powder with different grain diameters into compound superfine powder: ultrafine aluminum silicate powder with the particle size of 5-10 mu m, superfine slag powder with the particle size of 1-5 mu m and silica fume powder with the particle size of 0.1-0.2 mu m are mixed according to the weight ratio of 15:25: 40 and mixing uniformly to obtain the compound superfine powder.
(4) Preparing a silane aqueous solution: the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane is mixed into water and fully stirred and uniformly mixed, and the mass of the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane is 0.2 percent of that of the water.
(5) Carrying out powder wrapping treatment on the surface of the ceramsite:
wetting the surface of the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment in the step (2) by using the aqueous solution prepared in the step (4), then coating the surface of the ceramsite subjected to the wetting treatment by using the compound superfine powder prepared in the step (3), wherein the using amount of the compound superfine powder is 20% of the mass of the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment in the step (2), and fully stirring to uniformly coat the surface of the ceramsite to obtain the ceramsite 1 subjected to powder coating treatment.
Continuously screening the vanadium tailing ceramsite with the particle size of 20mm (the cylinder pressure strength is more than or equal to 6MPa, the water absorption is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the bulk density is less than or equal to 800 kg/m)3) And (5) performing the operations of the steps (1) to (5) to obtain the ceramsite 2 coated with the powder.
(6) Forming the light high-performance concrete:
the preparation of the lightweight high-performance concrete is carried out according to the following raw materials in weight content in unit volume: the ceramsite mixture after the powder coating treatment is 442kg/m3(i.e. the mixture of the ceramsite 1 and the ceramsite 2 which are wrapped and attached by the powder in the weight ratio of 3: 1), 704kg/m of quartz sand3270kg/m of cement3The compound superfine powder in the step (3) is 100kg/m37.60kg/m of mother liquor of water reducing agent3150kg/m of water3。
Pouring the ceramsite mixture, the quartz sand, the cement and the compound superfine powder which are subjected to the powder coating treatment into a mixing machine in sequence, fully and uniformly stirring (wherein the compound superfine powder is poured into the mixing machine in 4 parts in batches, and one part is poured into the mixing machine every 20s after the start of stirring until the mixture is uniformly stirred), then simultaneously adding the KH-5 standard polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor and water into the mixing machine by adopting a same mixing method (the polycarboxylate mother liquor is mixed with the water and then evenly poured into the mixing machine at 3 parts intervals, and one part is poured into the mixing machine at the start of stirring, and then one part is poured into the mixing machine every 30 s), and fully stirring to obtain the lightweight high-performance concrete.
Before the light high-performance concrete is molded, a layer of mixture of the compound ultrafine powder prepared in the embodiment and a silane water solution is uniformly coated on the surface of a molding test piece mold (the weight ratio of the compound ultrafine powder to the silane water solution is 3: 1); putting the mixed lightweight high-performance concrete into a mould twice, wherein the thickness of each time is approximately equal; and vibrating by using a vibrating rod, wherein in the vibrating process, the periphery of the die is respectively vibrated, the distance between the vibrating rod and the bottom is 10-20mm, the vibrating rod cannot touch the bottom, and the vibrating time is 20 s.
(7) Curing the light high-performance concrete: and (3) demoulding the molded light high-performance concrete sample, putting the demoulded molded light high-performance concrete sample into a steam box, curing the sample for 14d at the steam curing temperature of 90 ℃ and the relative humidity of 100%, and then performing standard curing for 28d according to the standard of the test method for the long-term performance and durability of common concrete in GBT 50082-2009.
Embodiment 3a method for preparing a lightweight high-performance concrete for an assembled bridge, comprising the steps of:
(1) screening vanadium tailing ceramsite: screening the vanadium tailing ceramsite with the particle size of 15mm, wherein the cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite is more than or equal to 6MPa, the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the bulk density is less than or equal to 800kg/m3。
(2) Performing interface treatment on the surface of the ceramsite:
firstly, compressed air is adopted to carry out dust removal treatment on the surface of ceramsite;
then, preparing a water-based epoxy resin emulsion: mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing and stirring until a uniform emulsion, namely the water-based epoxy resin emulsion is formed. Wherein the component A is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of water-based epoxy resin, 10 parts of epoxy active diluent BGE, 0.1 part of dispersant trichlorotrifluoroethane and 0.1 part of polydimethylsiloxane with the molecular weight of 15000 as a defoaming agent.
The component B is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65010 parts of epoxy resin polyamide curing agent, KH 5700.1 parts of silane coupling agent and 0.1 part of curing accelerator TAP.
And then, diluting the prepared aqueous epoxy resin emulsion with 10 times of volume of deionized water, uniformly spraying the diluted aqueous epoxy resin emulsion on the surfaces of the ceramsite particles after dust removal, and turning over while spraying in the spraying process to ensure that the surfaces of the ceramsite particles can be uniformly sprayed until the surface morphology of the ceramsite particles cannot be seen, wherein the spraying amount of the epoxy resin emulsion per ton of the ceramsite particles is 15kg (measured by the mass of the epoxy resin emulsion before dilution, the same below), so as to obtain the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment.
(3) Preparing superfine powder with different grain diameters into compound superfine powder: uniformly mixing superfine aluminum silicate powder with the particle size of 5-10 microns, superfine slag powder with the particle size of 1-5 microns and silica fume powder with the particle size of 0.1-0.2 microns according to the weight ratio of 15:25:35 to obtain the compound superfine powder.
(4) Preparing a silane aqueous solution: the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane is mixed into water and fully stirred and uniformly mixed, and the mass of the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane is 0.2 percent of that of the water.
(5) Carrying out powder wrapping treatment on the surface of the ceramsite: wetting the surface of the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment in the step (2) by using the aqueous solution prepared in the step (4), then coating the surface of the ceramsite subjected to the wetting treatment by using the compound superfine powder prepared in the step (3), wherein the using amount of the superfine powder is 20% of the mass of the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment in the step (2), and fully stirring to uniformly coat the surface of the ceramsite to obtain the ceramsite 1 subjected to powder coating treatment.
Continuously screening the vanadium tailing ceramsite with the particle size of 20mm (the cylinder pressure strength is more than or equal to 6MPa, the water absorption is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the bulk density is less than or equal to 800 kg/m)3) And (5) performing the operations of the steps (1) to (5) to obtain the ceramsite 2 coated with the powder.
(6) Forming the light high-performance concrete:
the preparation of the lightweight high-performance concrete is carried out according to the following raw materials in weight content in unit volume: the ceramsite mixture after the powder coating treatment is 442kg/m3(i.e. the mixture of the ceramsite 1 and the ceramsite 2 which are wrapped and attached by the powder in the weight ratio of 2: 1), 704kg/m of quartz sand3270kg/m of cement3The compound ultrafine powder body of the step (3) is 100kg/m3And the water reducing agent is 7.60kg/m3150kg/m of water3。
And pouring the ceramsite mixture, the quartz sand, the cement and the compound superfine powder after the powder coating treatment into a mixing machine in sequence, fully and uniformly stirring (wherein the compound superfine powder is poured into the mixing machine in 3 parts in batches, and one part is poured into the mixing machine every 20s after the stirring is started till the mixing is uniform), and then simultaneously adding the TJ-288 conventional water reducing agent mother liquor and water into the mixing machine by adopting the same mixing method (the water reducing agent mother liquor is uniformly mixed with the water and then poured into the mixing machine at 3 parts intervals, one part is poured into the mixing machine at the beginning of the stirring, and one part is poured into the mixing machine every 30 s) for fully stirring to obtain the lightweight high-performance concrete.
Before the light high-performance concrete is molded, a layer of mixture of the superfine powder prepared in the embodiment and a silane water solution is uniformly coated on the surface of a molding test piece mold (the weight ratio of the superfine powder to the silane water solution is 3: 1); filling the mixed lightweight high-performance concrete into a mould twice, wherein the thickness of each time is approximately equal; and vibrating by using a vibrating rod, wherein in the vibrating process, the periphery of the die is respectively vibrated, the distance between the vibrating rod and the bottom is 10-20mm, the vibrating rod cannot touch the bottom, and the vibrating time is 20 s.
(7) Curing the light high-performance concrete: and (3) demoulding the molded light high-performance concrete sample, putting the demoulded molded light high-performance concrete sample into a steam box, curing the sample for 14d at the steam curing temperature of 90 ℃ and the relative humidity of 100%, and then performing standard curing for 28d according to the standard of the test method for the long-term performance and durability of common concrete in GBT 50082-2009.
The performance test results of the cured lightweight high-performance concrete materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 in table 1 are as follows, wherein the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the lightweight high-performance concrete are tested by a mechanical property test method in the specification GB/T50081-2019 of concrete physical mechanical property test method standard (the size of a forming test piece mold in the compressive strength test is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, and the size of the forming test piece mold in the flexural strength test is 150mm multiplied by 550mm), and the apparent density is tested by an apparent density test method in JTG 3420-reservoir 2020 of Highway engineering cement and cement concrete test procedures.
In the table: the 14d result shows the detection result when the standard curing is not performed after the steam curing for 14 d; the 28d results show the results of the tests after steam curing 14d and standard curing 28 d.
Claims (10)
1. The light high-performance concrete for the assembled bridge comprises the following raw materials by weight per cubic meter: 200kg of cement, 50-150 kg of compound ultrafine powder, 600-800 kg of quartz sand, 400-500 kg of ultra-light ceramsite, 5-10kg of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and 100-200 kg of water;
the compound superfine powder comprises the following raw materials: ultrafine aluminum silicate powder with the particle size of 5-10 mu m, ultrafine slag powder with the particle size of 1-5 mu m and silica fume powder with the particle size of 0.1-0.2 mu m.
2. The lightweight high-performance concrete for the assembled bridge according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-lightweight ceramsite is vanadium tailing ceramsite with the particle size of 10-20 mm.
3. The lightweight high-performance concrete for the assembled bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the ultrafine aluminum silicate powder, the ultrafine slag powder and the ultrafine silica fume powder in the compound ultrafine powder is (5-20): (10-40): (25-50).
4. The lightweight high-performance concrete for the fabricated bridge according to claim 1, wherein the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is STHPC-03A type high-performance water reducer mother liquor, KH-5 standard type polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor or TJ-288 conventional type water reducer mother liquor.
5. The lightweight high-performance concrete for the assembled bridge according to claim 1, wherein the ultralight ceramsite is ultralight ceramsite subjected to surface modification by epoxy resin, and the specific method for modifying comprises the following steps:
spraying the surface of the ultra-light ceramsite by using aqueous epoxy resin emulsion, wherein the spraying amount of the epoxy resin emulsion per ton of ceramsite particles is 10-15kg, so as to obtain the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment;
b, wetting the ceramsite subjected to interface treatment in the step a by using a hexadecyl trimethoxy silane aqueous solution, and then coating the compound superfine powder on the surface of the ceramsite to obtain the modified ultralight ceramsite.
6. The lightweight high-performance concrete for assembled bridges of claim 5, wherein the aqueous epoxy resin emulsion in step a is composed of A, B, and is prepared by the following steps:
mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of (2-4): 1, mixing and stirring until a uniform emulsion is formed; the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of nonionic waterborne epoxy resin, 5-20 parts of epoxy active diluent, 0.05-0.2 part of dispersant and 0.05-0.2 part of defoaming agent;
the component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of epoxy resin curing agent, 0.05-0.2 part of coupling agent and 0.05-0.2 part of curing accelerator.
7. The lightweight high-performance concrete for assembled bridges of claim 6, wherein the epoxy reactive diluent is Butyl Glycidyl Ether (BGE), Allyl Glycidyl Ether (AGE) or Cardanol Glycidyl Ether (CGE); the dispersant is trichlorofluoromethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane or dichlorodifluoroethane; the defoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane or tributyl phosphate; the curing agent is polyamide curing agent, 2-methylimidazole 2MZ or 2-phenylimidazole; the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH570, KH550 or KH 560; the curing accelerator is 2,4, 6-tri (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol or benzyl dimethylamine BDMA; the non-ionic water-based epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin or bisphenol S epoxy resin.
8. The lightweight high-performance concrete for fabricated bridges according to claim 1, wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement.
9. A method for preparing a lightweight high-performance concrete for fabricated bridges according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
and pouring the ultralight ceramsite, the quartz sand, the cement and the compounded ultrafine powder into a mixer in sequence, fully and uniformly stirring, and then adding the polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and water into the mixer simultaneously by adopting a same mixing method, and fully stirring to obtain the light high-performance concrete for the assembled bridge.
10. The method of manufacturing according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:
sequentially pouring the ultralight ceramsite, the quartz sand, the cement and the compound ultrafine powder into a mixer, and fully and uniformly stirring, wherein the compound ultrafine powder is uniformly poured into the mixer at intervals of 2-4 parts until the mixture is uniformly stirred; and then uniformly mixing the polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent with water, uniformly dividing the mixture into 2-3 parts, pouring the mixture into a mixing machine at intervals, and fully stirring to obtain the light high-performance concrete for the assembled bridge.
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