CN114275983A - Sludge anaerobic treatment system and method - Google Patents

Sludge anaerobic treatment system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114275983A
CN114275983A CN202111489508.9A CN202111489508A CN114275983A CN 114275983 A CN114275983 A CN 114275983A CN 202111489508 A CN202111489508 A CN 202111489508A CN 114275983 A CN114275983 A CN 114275983A
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China
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tank
sludge
anaerobic
conditioning
sterilizing
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CN202111489508.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王学科
王瀚璞
张春苗
焦海亮
穆童
谢迎辉
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Tianjin Enew Environmental Protection Engineering Co ltd
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Tianjin Enew Environmental Protection Engineering Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a sludge anaerobic treatment system and a method, which relate to the field of sludge treatment and comprise a conditioning tank, a sterilization tank, an alkaline washing tank, a neutralization tank and an anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein sludge enters the conditioning tank, and the conditioning tank regulates the water content of the sludge; the inlets of the sterilization tank and the alkali washing tank are connected in parallel with the outlet of the conditioning tank, and the outlets of the sterilization tank and the alkali washing tank are connected in parallel with the inlet of the neutralization tank; the inlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the outlet of the neutralization tank, the system can improve the sterilization rate of the sludge to 90-100% through process design, the stabilization degree of the biogas residues after anaerobic treatment is high, the dehydration effect is good, and the subsequent resource utilization rate is high; the COD content of the sludge solution treated by the method is increased, the anaerobic digestion decomposition rate is high, and the organic degradability is high.

Description

Sludge anaerobic treatment system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sludge treatment, in particular to a sludge anaerobic treatment system and a sludge anaerobic treatment method.
Background
The sludge is used as a by-product of sewage treatment, and is rich in pollutants including heavy metals, refractory organics, parasitic eggs, virus microorganisms and the like. The national ten items of water clearly stipulate that the sludge should be subjected to stabilization, harmless and recycling treatment and cannot cause secondary pollution to the environment.
At present, the main sludge stabilizing treatment in China comprises sludge drying incineration, a high-temperature aerobic fermentation technology, an anaerobic digestion technology and the like. The anaerobic digestion of the sludge comprises a high-temperature anaerobic digestion process and a moderate-temperature anaerobic digestion process, and the moderate-temperature anaerobic digestion technology is widely applied in consideration of the problems of energy consumption and the like.
According to statistics, only 46 sludge anaerobic digestion processes are adopted in China, concentration, mesophilic anaerobic digestion, dehydration processes and the like are mainly adopted, but only 25 sludge anaerobic digestion processes are operated. The main reason is that anaerobic digestion of sludge faces a series of problems of high operating cost, low biogas production filtration, difficult biogas residue treatment and the like, so that many existing sludge plants subjected to anaerobic digestion treatment cannot operate normally.
The above problems are that the sludge in cities and towns in China has the characteristics of low organic matter content, large sand content and high sludge yield compared with the sludge treatment in developed countries due to the sludge quality determination of China, so that the method limits the approach of stabilizing treatment and disposal of the sludge in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides a sludge anaerobic treatment system and a sludge anaerobic treatment method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a sludge anaerobic treatment system, which comprises a conditioning tank, a sterilizing tank, an alkaline washing tank, a neutralizing tank and an anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein,
the sludge enters a conditioning tank through an inlet of the conditioning tank, the conditioning tank is externally connected with tap water, and the conditioning tank is used for regulating the water content of the sludge;
the inlets of the sterilization tank and the alkali washing tank are connected in parallel with the outlet of the conditioning tank, and the outlets of the sterilization tank and the alkali washing tank are connected in parallel with the inlet of the neutralization tank;
the sterilizing tank is externally connected with a sterilizing agent feeding tank;
the alkaline washing tank is externally connected with an alkaline dosing tank;
the neutralization tank is connected with an alkali dosing tank;
the import of anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the export in neutralization pond, and anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the seed mud delivery pump of input seed mud.
According to the technical scheme, preferably, a spraying mechanism is arranged in the sterilizing tank.
According to the technical scheme, preferably, the conditioning tank, the sterilizing tank, the alkaline washing tank and the neutralizing tank are all provided with pH meters.
According to the technical scheme, preferably, stirring equipment is arranged in the conditioning tank, the sterilizing tank and the alkaline washing tank.
The invention also discloses a sludge anaerobic treatment method, which adopts the sludge anaerobic treatment system and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, pumping sludge into a conditioning tank, adding tap water into the conditioning tank, and adjusting the water content of the sludge to 92% -95%;
step 2, pumping 40-60% of sludge in the conditioning tank to a sterilization tank, opening a sterilizing agent adding tank, and adding a sterilizing agent; adjusting the pH value of the sludge in the tank to 2.0-4.0; stirring speed of 100-;
step 3, pumping 40-60% of sludge in the conditioning tank to an alkaline washing tank, opening an alkaline dosing tank, adding an alkaline medicament, and adjusting the pH of the sludge in the tank to 11-13; the stirring speed is 100-120 r/min, and the reaction time is 30-60 min; the alkaline washing tank stays for 1-6h, and the alkaline washing tank is pumped to a neutralization tank;
and 4, the sludge ratio of the receiving sterilization tank of the neutralization pond to the alkaline washing pond is 1: 1-1.5, adjusting the pH value of sludge in the tank to 6.5-9.0 by an alkali dosing tank;
and 5, pumping the sludge subjected to the neutralization reaction to an anaerobic fermentation tank, adding anaerobic digestion seed sludge to the anaerobic fermentation tank through a seed sludge delivery pump, and performing mesophilic anaerobic digestion.
According to the technical scheme, preferably, the sterilizing agent in the step 2 is at least one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid and citric acid.
According to the above technical solution, preferably, the alkaline agent in step 3 is at least one of sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and calcium oxide.
According to the technical scheme, the temperature in the anaerobic fermentation tank in the step 5 is preferably adjusted to be 30-37 ℃, and the retention time is 20-30 d.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the system can improve the sterilization rate of the sludge to 90-100% through flow design, and the biogas residue after anaerobic treatment has high stabilization degree, good dehydration effect and high subsequent resource utilization rate;
(2) the invention has the advantages of increased COD content of the sludge solution after the alkali washing treatment, high anaerobic digestion decomposition rate and high organic degradability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram according to an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1. a tempering tank; 2. sterilizing the tank; 3. an alkali washing tank; 4. a neutralization pond; 5. anaerobic fermentation tank; 6. a sterilizing agent dosing tank; 7. a spraying mechanism; 8. an alkaline dosing tank; 9. an alkali dosing tank; 10. a seed mud delivery pump; 11. a pH meter; 12. and (4) stirring equipment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, the invention provides a sludge anaerobic treatment system, which comprises a conditioning tank 1, a sterilizing tank 2, an alkaline washing tank 3, a neutralizing tank 4 and an anaerobic fermentation tank 5, wherein,
the method comprises the following steps that sludge enters a tempering tank 1 through an inlet of the tempering tank 1, tap water is externally connected to the tempering tank 1, and the water content of the sludge is regulated by the tempering tank 1;
inlets of the sterilizing tank 2 and the alkaline washing tank 3 are connected in parallel with an outlet of the conditioning tank 1, and outlets of the sterilizing tank 2 and the alkaline washing tank 3 are connected in parallel with an inlet of the neutralizing tank 4;
the sterilizing tank 2 is externally connected with a sterilizing agent adding tank 6 for adding a sterilizing agent, wherein the sterilizing agent can be at least one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid and citric acid; meanwhile, the sterilization tank 2 is internally provided with a spraying mechanism 7, because a large amount of toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and the like are generated in the sterilization process, the spraying mechanism 7 can eliminate the harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and the like by using at least one of sodium hydroxide, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, so that secondary pollution is prevented;
the alkaline washing tank 3 is externally connected with an alkaline dosing tank 8, the alkaline dosing tank 8 adds alkaline agents into the alkaline washing tank 3, and the alkaline agents can be at least one of sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and calcium oxide;
the neutralization tank 4 is connected with an alkali dosing tank 9, and corresponding carbonate is added according to the pH value of sludge in the neutralization tank 4, so that the pH value is regulated and controlled and the alkalinity is increased. (ii) a
The inlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the outlet of the neutralization pond 4, and the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with a seed mud delivery pump 10 for inputting seed mud.
According to the above embodiment, the conditioning tank 1, the sterilization tank 2, the alkaline washing tank 3, and the neutralization tank 4 are preferably provided with the pH meter 11, preferably an existing on-line pH meter.
Further, stirring devices 12 are arranged in the conditioning tank 1, the sterilizing tank 2 and the alkaline washing tank 3.
The invention also discloses a sludge anaerobic treatment method, which adopts the sludge anaerobic treatment system and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, pumping sludge into a conditioning tank 1, adding tap water into the conditioning tank 1, adjusting the water content of the sludge to 92% -95%, and uniformly stirring;
step 2, pumping 40-60% of sludge in the conditioning tank 1 to a sterilization tank 2, opening a sterilizing agent adding tank 6, and adding a sterilizing agent; adjusting the pH value of the sludge in the tank to 2.0-4.0; the stirring speed is 100-;
the acidic sterilizing agent can cause the EPS of the sludge to generate hydrolysis reaction, the floc of the sludge is destroyed, meanwhile, the microorganisms such as pathogens, germs and the like die, the sterilization rate can reach 90-100%, and the number of coliform groups is reduced to 0-5 MPN/g; after the sludge is sterilized, bacteria which obstruct the anaerobic process in the sludge are reduced, the fluidity of the sludge is increased, and the anaerobic biogas production rate is increased;
3, pumping 40-60% of sludge in the conditioning tank 1 to an alkaline washing tank 3, opening an alkaline chemical adding tank, adding an alkaline chemical, and adjusting the pH of the sludge in the tank to 11-13; the stirring speed is 100-120 r/min, and the reaction time is 30-60 min; the alkaline washing tank stays for 1-6h, and the alkaline washing tank is pumped to a neutralization tank 4;
in the sludge after alkali washing, cell walls of microorganisms are cracked and release a large amount of cytoplasm, the COD content of the sludge solution is increased, and the gas production rate is improved;
step 4, the sludge ratio of the receiving sterilization tank 2 and the alkaline washing tank 3 of the neutralization tank 4 is 1: 1-1.5, adjusting the pH value of sludge in the tank to 6.5-9.0 through an alkali dosing tank 9;
and 5, pumping the sludge subjected to the neutralization reaction to an anaerobic fermentation tank, adding anaerobic digestion seed sludge into the anaerobic fermentation tank through a seed sludge delivery pump 10, performing mesophilic anaerobic digestion, adjusting the temperature in the tank to 30-37 ℃, and allowing the sludge to stay for 20-30 d.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the system can improve the sterilization rate of the sludge to 90-100% through flow design, and the biogas residue after anaerobic treatment has high stabilization degree, good dehydration effect and high subsequent resource utilization rate;
(2) the invention has the advantages of increased COD content of the sludge solution after the alkali washing treatment, high anaerobic digestion decomposition rate and high organic degradability.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the invention, and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A sludge anaerobic treatment system is characterized by comprising a conditioning tank, a sterilizing tank, an alkaline washing tank, a neutralization tank and an anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein,
the method comprises the following steps that sludge enters a tempering tank through an inlet of the tempering tank, the tempering tank is externally connected with tap water, and the tempering tank is used for adjusting the water content of the sludge;
inlets of the sterilizing tank and the alkali washing tank are connected in parallel with an outlet of the conditioning tank, and outlets of the sterilizing tank and the alkali washing tank are connected in parallel with an inlet of the neutralizing tank;
the sterilizing tank is externally connected with a sterilizing agent feeding tank;
the alkaline washing tank is externally connected with an alkaline dosing tank;
the neutralization tank is connected with an alkali dosing tank;
the import of anaerobic fermentation tank with the export in neutralization pond is connected, anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the seed mud delivery pump of input seed mud.
2. The anaerobic sludge treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a spraying mechanism is provided in the sterilizing tank.
3. The anaerobic sludge treatment system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the conditioning tank, the sterilizing tank, the alkaline washing tank and the neutralizing tank are all provided with pH meters.
4. The anaerobic sludge treatment system according to claim 2, wherein stirring devices are arranged in the conditioning tank, the sterilizing tank and the alkaline washing tank.
5. The anaerobic sludge treatment method is characterized in that the anaerobic sludge treatment system of any one of claims 2 to 4 is adopted, and the anaerobic sludge treatment method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, pumping sludge into a conditioning tank, adding tap water into the conditioning tank, and adjusting the water content of the sludge to 92% -95%;
step 2, pumping 40-60% of sludge in the conditioning tank to a sterilization tank, opening a sterilizing agent adding tank, and adding a sterilizing agent; adjusting the pH value of the sludge in the tank to 2.0-4.0; stirring speed of 100-;
step 3, pumping 40-60% of sludge in the conditioning tank to an alkaline washing tank, opening an alkaline dosing tank, adding an alkaline medicament, and adjusting the pH of the sludge in the tank to 11-13; the stirring speed is 100-120 r/min, and the reaction time is 30-60 min; the alkaline washing tank stays for 1-6h, and the alkaline washing tank is pumped to a neutralization tank;
and 4, the sludge ratio of the receiving sterilization tank of the neutralization pond to the alkaline washing pond is 1: 1-1.5, adjusting the pH value of sludge in the tank to 6.5-9.0 by an alkali dosing tank;
and 5, pumping the sludge subjected to the neutralization reaction to an anaerobic fermentation tank, adding anaerobic digestion seed sludge to the anaerobic fermentation tank through a seed sludge delivery pump, and performing mesophilic anaerobic digestion.
6. The anaerobic sludge treatment method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the sterilizing agent in step 2 is at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid and citric acid.
7. The anaerobic sludge treatment method according to claim 5, wherein the alkaline agent in step 3 is at least one of sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and calcium oxide.
8. The anaerobic sludge treatment method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the tank temperature of the anaerobic fermentation tank in the step 5 is adjusted to 30-37 ℃ and the retention time is 20-30 d.
CN202111489508.9A 2021-12-08 2021-12-08 Sludge anaerobic treatment system and method Pending CN114275983A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115417567A (en) * 2022-08-30 2022-12-02 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 Excess sludge hydrolysis acidification method based on carbon source recycling and stable dehydration performance

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Application publication date: 20220405