CN114273772B - Large-thickness back-suction friction stir spot welding spindle device - Google Patents
Large-thickness back-suction friction stir spot welding spindle device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114273772B CN114273772B CN202210151487.8A CN202210151487A CN114273772B CN 114273772 B CN114273772 B CN 114273772B CN 202210151487 A CN202210151487 A CN 202210151487A CN 114273772 B CN114273772 B CN 114273772B
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to friction stir spot welding field, discloses a but large thickness back-pumping friction stir spot welding main shaft device, include: the stirring needle transmission shaft rotates around the axis of the stirring needle transmission shaft, and the stirring needle is detachably arranged at the lower end of the stirring needle transmission shaft; a stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft which rotates around the axis of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft, wherein the lower end of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft is provided with a stirring shaft shoulder which is detachably connected; the stirring needle transmission shaft and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft are coaxially arranged, and coaxial rotation constraint is kept between the stirring needle transmission shaft and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft; the mixing needle transmission shaft is provided with a first linear mechanism; the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft is provided with a second linear mechanism; the stirring pin is positioned at the inner side of the stirring shaft shoulder. The diameter of the stirring pin and the diameter of the stirring shaft shoulder can be adjusted in a larger range, and the matching precision between the stirring pin and the stirring shaft shoulder can be adjusted; thereby overcoming the problems of small actual friction stir spot welding depth and unstable welding quality.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the field of friction stir spot welding, and particularly relates to a large-thickness back-drawable friction stir spot welding spindle device.
Background
Friction stir spot welding has great advantages on the connection of the aluminum alloy structural members of the existing new energy automobile body, and is mainly embodied in high welding strength, smooth welding spots and easy realization of automation. Particularly, for aluminum alloy which is very sensitive to fusion welding, the welding quality can be obtained incomparably, and the method is a welding process widely adopted at present.
The current realization is that the back drawing and the non-back drawing are that whether the stirring needle is retracted into the shaft shoulder after the welding is finished, no key hole is left after the back drawing, and the friction stir spot welding capable of realizing the back drawing is mainly concentrated on the plate with the thickness of 3mm or below, namely the maximum welding thickness is lower than 3mm, which is also the main limiting factor mainly applied to the places with smaller vehicle body skin and bearing capacity at present, and the positioning form, the diameter size and the geometric shape of the traditional stirring needle and the shaft shoulder limit the stirring capability of the welded material, so that the deeper welding spot is difficult to obtain.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a large-thickness back-drawing friction stir spot welding spindle device, which solves the problem of smaller thickness of the actual friction stir spot welding set forth in the background art.
The purpose of the disclosure can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a high thickness pumpback friction stir spot welding spindle device comprising:
the stirring pin transmission shaft rotates around the axis of the stirring pin transmission shaft, and the stirring pin is detachably arranged at the lower end of the stirring pin transmission shaft;
a stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft which rotates around the axis of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft, wherein the lower end of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft is provided with a stirring shaft shoulder which is detachably connected;
the stirring pin transmission shaft and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft are coaxially arranged, and coaxial rotation constraint is kept between the stirring pin transmission shaft and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft;
the stirring pin transmission shaft is provided with a first linear mechanism;
the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft is provided with a second linear mechanism;
the stirring pin is positioned at the inner side of the stirring shaft shoulder.
In some disclosures, the first linear mechanism and/or the second linear mechanism is one of a linear guide, a linear motor, or a roller screw.
In some disclosures, the first linear mechanism comprises a stirring pin displacement driving gear, a stirring pin displacement driven gear, a stirring pin fixed sleeve upper lock nut, a stirring pin displacement screw rod, a stirring pin fixed spline sleeve bearing, a stirring pin displacement fixed sleeve, a stirring pin fixed sleeve lower lock nut and a stirring pin lock nut;
the outside of the stirring pin transmission shaft is coaxially fixed with the stirring pin displacement screw rod through a stirring pin fixed spline sleeve bearing, a stirring pin fixed sleeve lower lock nut and a stirring pin fixed sleeve upper lock nut, and can perform rotary motion in the stirring pin transmission shaft;
the stirring needle displacement driving gear is coaxially arranged on the upper side of the stirring needle displacement screw rod to drive the stirring needle displacement screw rod to rotate, the stirring needle displacement screw rod and the stirring needle displacement screw rod nut are a pair of screw nut transmission pairs, the stirring needle displacement screw rod nut is arranged on the inner side of the stirring needle displacement fixing sleeve to keep motionless, and when the stirring needle displacement screw rod rotates, the stirring needle displacement screw rod axially moves relative to the stirring needle displacement fixing sleeve and drives the stirring needle transmission shaft inside the stirring needle displacement screw rod to axially move up and down.
In some disclosures, the pin drive shaft has splines therein capable of splined engagement with the power input spline shaft;
an output shaft of the power input motor is coaxially connected with a driving wheel of the power transmission synchronous belt, and a driven wheel of the power transmission synchronous belt is coaxially connected with the power input spline shaft.
In some disclosures, a pin is mounted at the bottom of a pin drive shaft by a pin lock nut with an elastic tapered locating sleeve that mates with a tapered bore of the pin drive shaft.
In some disclosures, the second linear mechanism is provided with a stirring shaft shoulder displacement driven gear, a fastening bolt, a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve upper lock nut, a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve bearing, a stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod, a stirring shaft shoulder displacement fixed sleeve, a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve lower lock nut, a stirring shaft shoulder displacement nut, a stirring needle transmission shaft coaxial bearing, a stirring shaft shoulder lock nut and a stirring shaft shoulder;
the stirring shaft shoulder displacement driven gear is coaxially arranged with the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod through a fastening bolt, and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement driven gear is meshed with the stirring shaft shoulder displacement motor through a gear;
a stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft is arranged in the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod, and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod are installed through a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve upper lock nut, a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve lower lock nut and a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve bearing;
the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement nut form a screw rod nut kinematic pair, and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement nut and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement fixing sleeve are coaxially and fixedly installed.
In some disclosures, the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft and the spline on the stirring pin transmission shaft form a spline transmission pair, and a coaxial bearing of the stirring pin transmission shaft is arranged between the spline transmission pair and the stirring pin transmission shaft.
In some disclosures, the stirring shaft shoulder is installed and positioned with the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft through a stirring shaft shoulder locking nut, and the stirring shaft shoulder locking nut is provided with an elastic conical positioning sleeve which can be matched with a conical hole of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft.
In some disclosures, including setting up the regulation clamp plate in the holistic below of stirring shaft shoulder and stirring needle, the regulation clamp plate uses the holder mounting bolt to carry out with stirring shaft shoulder displacement fixed sleeve connection, and the regulation clamp plate passes through clamp plate fastening bolt to be installed in the clamp plate holder below, and the inside through-hole that is provided with of regulation clamp plate, the diameter is the same with the outside diameter of stirring shaft shoulder, both are clearance fit.
In some disclosures, the pin drive shaft, the power input spline shaft, and the shoulder drive shaft are hollow.
The beneficial effects of the present disclosure are:
the diameter of the stirring pin and the diameter of the stirring shaft shoulder can be adjusted in a larger range, and coaxiality between the stirring pin and the stirring shaft shoulder can be ensured; thereby overcoming the problem of smaller thickness of the actual friction stir spot welding.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the present application;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the ER chuck for pin attachment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the ER chuck for mounting a stirring shaft shoulder of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the hollow drive shaft of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the installation of the stirring shoulder power unit and the platen retaining device of the present application
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a screw drive structure according to the present application
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the mounting of the stirring shaft shoulder and pin and platen retainer of the present application
FIG. 14 is a view showing the relative movement of the pin and the shoulder of the stirring shaft
FIG. 15 is a view of the pin and shoulder of the present application moved relative to one another (single extended, single retracted)
FIG. 16 is a view of the pin and shoulder of the present application moving relative to each other (in a plane with the platen).
1 motor drive unit 2 stirring pin power unit 3 stirring pin power unit 4 pressure plate retaining device 11 stirring pin displacement motor 12 power input spline shaft 13 power transmission synchronous belt 15 stirring pin displacement motor 21 stirring pin displacement drive gear 22 stirring pin displacement driven gear 23 stirring pin fixed sleeve upper lock nut 24 stirring pin displacement screw nut 25 stirring pin drive shaft 26 stirring pin displacement screw 27 stirring pin fixed spline sleeve bearing 28 stirring pin displacement fixed sleeve 29 stirring pin fixed sleeve lower lock nut 210 stirring pin ER lock nut 211 stirring pin 212 stirring pin ER collet 31 stirring pin collet chuck 31 stirring pin displacement driven gear 32 tightening bolt 33 stirring pin fixed spline sleeve upper lock nut 34 stirring pin fixed spline sleeve bearing 35 stirring pin shaft shoulder displacement screw 36 stirring pin drive shaft 37 stirring pin shoulder drive shaft 37 stirring pin fixed spline sleeve 39 stirring pin drive shaft shoulder nut 310 stirring pin drive shaft coaxial bearing 311 stirring pin ER lock nut 312 stirring pin shoulder 313 stirring pin collet chuck 41 pressure plate clamp plate 43 adjusting pressure plate retaining bolt 44 stirring pin fixed sleeve 29 stirring pin
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this disclosure without inventive faculty, are intended to fall within the scope of this disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1 to 16, a large thickness back-drawable friction stir spot welding spindle apparatus includes:
a stirring pin transmission shaft 25 rotating around the axis of the stirring pin transmission shaft 25, wherein a stirring pin 211 is detachably arranged at the lower end of the stirring pin transmission shaft 25;
a stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 which rotates around the axis of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36, wherein the lower end of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 is provided with a stirring shaft shoulder 312 which is detachably connected;
the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 are coaxially arranged, and coaxial rotation constraint is kept between the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36;
the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 is provided with a first linear mechanism;
the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 is provided with a second linear mechanism;
the pin 211 is located inside the stirring shaft shoulder 312.
When in use, the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 rotating around the axis of the stirring pin transmission shaft drives the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 to rotate, so that the stirring pin 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312 synchronously rotate; according to actual needs, the first linear mechanism drives the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 to move along the axis of the stirring pin transmission shaft, so that the stirring pin 211 is driven to move linearly; the second linear mechanism drives the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 to move along the axis of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft, so that the stirring shaft shoulder 312 moves linearly; namely, the stirring pin 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312 can linearly move, the proportion of the extending or retracting of the stirring pin 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312 is dynamically adjusted, in actual operation, the extending volume of the stirring shaft shoulder 312 and the corresponding stirring pin 211 retract according to the set proportion, so that the extending sizes of the stirring pin 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312 can be effectively adjusted, and the welding depth is further controlled; thereby overcoming the problems of small actual friction stir spot welding depth and unstable welding quality.
The problem that the spot welding thickness is small is solved, the spot welding capability is further improved, and particularly, the spot welding capability is further improved on a key structural member of an aluminum alloy vehicle body, the traditional spot welding thickness is small, and mainly, the stirring capability is limited due to the fact that a stirring pin and a stirring shaft shoulder are too small, so that the stirring capability cannot be applied to the structural member, and the problem can be well solved by the large-thickness friction stir spot welding. The key point of realizing the spot welding with large thickness is to realize a larger stirring area and generate larger heat, the invention can realize the friction stir spot welding with the maximum diameter of the stirring shaft shoulder of 24mm and the diameter of the stirring pin of 15mm, and the maximum spot welding thickness can reach 10mm.
The promotion of spot welding thickness not only can expand friction stir spot welding's application scope, possess the diameter of bigger stirring needle and stirring shaft shoulder simultaneously, even in thinner spot welding process, can obtain bigger spot welding nugget equally, and the big or small very big degree of nugget can effectively promote spot welding quality, including tensile strength, shear strength etc..
For the first linear mechanism, the first linear mechanism can be in the prior art, such as a linear guide rail, a linear motor, a roller screw and the like, and in the application, the first linear mechanism comprises a stirring needle displacement driving gear 21, a stirring needle displacement driven gear 22, a stirring needle fixed sleeve upper locking nut 23, a stirring needle displacement screw nut 24, a stirring needle displacement screw 26, a stirring needle fixed spline sleeve bearing 27, a stirring needle displacement fixed sleeve 28, a stirring needle fixed sleeve lower locking nut 29 and a stirring needle locking nut 210;
the outer part of the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 is coaxial with the stirring pin displacement screw rod 26 and can perform rotary motion in the stirring pin displacement screw rod 26; as in the illustrated case for this application, pin drive shaft 25 is secured coaxially with pin displacement screw 26 externally by pin fixed spline sleeve bearing 27, pin fixed sleeve lower lock nut 29, pin fixed sleeve upper lock nut 23 and is capable of rotational movement within it.
The stirring pin displacement driving gear 21 can transmit power with the stirring pin displacement motor 15 in a gear meshing mode, the stirring pin displacement driving gear 21 is coaxially arranged on the upper side of the stirring pin displacement screw rod 26 and drives the stirring pin displacement screw rod 26 to rotate, the stirring pin displacement screw rod 26 and the stirring pin displacement screw rod nut 24 are a pair of screw rod nut transmission pairs, the stirring pin displacement screw rod nut 24 is arranged on the inner side of the stirring pin displacement fixing sleeve 28 and keeps motionless, and when the stirring pin displacement screw rod 26 rotates, the stirring pin displacement screw rod 26 axially moves relative to the stirring pin displacement fixing sleeve 28 and drives the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 inside the stirring pin displacement screw rod to axially move up and down.
The stirring pin transmission shaft 25 moves around the axis thereof, which can be realized by the prior art, such as the way of coaxial gear transmission and the way of coaxial connection of a rotating motor; in this application, keep coaxial rotation constraint between pin shaft 25 inside and the power input spline shaft 12, when power input spline shaft 12 and pin shaft 25 rotate around self promptly, can drive corresponding pin shaft 25 or power input spline shaft 12 and carry out coaxial rotation, relative motion about the axis direction to pin shaft 25 and power input spline shaft 12 each other, in this application, do not do the constraint, can understand that pin shaft 25 and power input spline shaft 12 each other can be relative motion about the axis direction.
For the illustrative case in the application, the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 is internally provided with a spline, so that the stirring pin transmission shaft can be matched with the power input spline shaft 12 in a spline mode for power transmission;
the motion of the power input spline shaft 12 around the axis thereof can be realized by the prior art, such as the mode of coaxial transmission of a coaxial gear and the mode of coaxial connection of a rotating motor; for the purposes of the present application, the output shaft of the power input motor 13 is coaxially connected with the driving wheel of the power transmission synchronous belt 14, and the driven wheel of the power transmission synchronous belt 14 is coaxially connected with the power input spline shaft 12; when the power input motor 13 is used, power is output to a synchronous belt of the power transmission synchronous belt mechanism 14, and the synchronous belt mechanism 14 transmits power to the power input spline shaft 12 through a driven wheel of the synchronous belt mechanism to drive the power input spline shaft 12 to rotate around an axis of the synchronous belt mechanism.
The stirring needle 211 is detachably mounted at the lower end of the stirring needle transmission shaft 25, the stirring needle 211 is mounted at the bottom of the stirring needle transmission shaft 25 through the stirring needle lock nut 210, the stirring needle lock nut 210 is provided with an elastic conical positioning sleeve, and the stirring needle 211 can be mounted and positioned in a high-precision mode and torque transmission is achieved through the conical hole of the stirring needle transmission shaft 25.
For the second linear mechanism, the manner of a linear guide rail, a linear motor or a roller screw rod and the like can be adopted in the prior art, and in the application, the second linear mechanism is formed by arranging a stirring shaft shoulder displacement driven gear 31, a fastening bolt 32, a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve upper locking nut 33, a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve bearing 34, a stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod 35, a stirring shaft shoulder displacement fixed sleeve 37, a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve lower locking nut 38, a stirring shaft shoulder displacement nut 39, a stirring pin transmission shaft coaxial bearing 310, a stirring shaft shoulder locking nut 311 and a stirring shaft shoulder 312;
the stirring shaft shoulder displacement driven gear 31 is coaxially arranged with the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod 35 through a fastening bolt 32, and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement driven gear 31 is meshed with the stirring shaft shoulder displacement motor 11 through a gear;
the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod 35 is internally provided with a stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36, and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod 35 and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod are installed through a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve upper lock nut 33, a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve lower lock nut 38 and a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve bearing 34, so that the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 can axially move along with the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod 35 and can rotate in the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod. The stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod 35 and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement nut 39 form a screw nut kinematic pair, the stirring shaft shoulder displacement nut 39 and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement fixing sleeve 37 are coaxially and fixedly installed, and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement fixing sleeve 37 is fixedly installed on the frame.
Coaxial rotation constraint is kept between the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36, in the application, the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 can form a spline transmission pair with a spline on the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 for power transmission, and a stirring pin transmission shaft coaxial bearing 310 is arranged between the stirring pin transmission shaft and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft for guaranteeing coaxiality.
The stirring shaft shoulder 312 which is detachably connected is installed at the lower end of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36, in the application, the stirring shaft shoulder 312 is installed and positioned with the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 through the stirring shaft shoulder locking nut 311, and the stirring shaft shoulder locking nut 311 is provided with an elastic conical positioning sleeve which can be matched with a conical hole of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36, so that high-precision stirring shaft shoulder installation and positioning and torque transmission are realized.
Of course, in some cases, the stirring shaft shoulder adjusting device comprises an adjusting pressing plate 43 arranged below the whole stirring shaft shoulder 312 and the stirring pin 211, the adjusting pressing plate 43 is connected with the stirring shaft shoulder displacement fixing sleeve 37 by using a retainer mounting bolt 44, the adjusting pressing plate 43 is arranged below the pressing plate retainer 41 by a pressing plate fastening bolt 42, a through hole is formed in the adjusting pressing plate 43, the diameter of the through hole is the same as that of the outer diameter of the stirring shaft shoulder 312, and the through hole and the stirring shaft shoulder are in clearance fit, so that the stirring shaft shoulder 312 can be ensured to axially move in the stirring shaft shoulder.
When the stirring shaft shoulder 312 is used, the adjusting pressing plate 43 is used for fixing a plate to be processed, in practical operation, the stirring shaft shoulder 312 or the stirring pin 211 is rotated, the welded plate can be extruded, the adjusting pressing plate 43 is installed on the outer side, the plate around the stirring shaft shoulder 312 is guaranteed to be fixed, otherwise, the welding is failed, and the inner diameter size of the adjusting pressing plate 43 and the outer diameter size of the stirring shaft shoulder 312 are in clearance fit, so that the welding success rate and stability are effectively guaranteed.
Of course, according to actual needs, the adjusting platen 43 may be used as a temperature control device to correspondingly add a refrigerant or a heat source to correspondingly cool the plate to be processed or heat the plate.
The existing realization is that the back drawing and can not be back drawing, refers to whether the stirring needle is retracted into the shaft shoulder after the welding is finished, and a key hole can not be left after the stirring needle is retracted, so that the problem of residual of a friction stir welding key can be well solved, higher strength and smoothness and attractiveness of a welding surface can be obtained, and the back drawing means that the stirring needle and the shaft shoulder are required to be capable of independently axially moving and rotating, so that the requirement on the precision and the coaxiality after installation is very high, and once the coaxiality is poor, the stirring needle is easy to damage during use, and the welding point is invalid.
The coaxial bearing of the transmission shaft is arranged, so that the coaxiality of the transmission shaft is improved or guaranteed, the defect of insufficient coaxiality caused by the fact that a positioning form is avoided, the debugging difficulty is high, even if the debugging is finished, deviation is easy to occur during use, plasticized welded materials are plugged between the stirring needle 211 and the shaft shoulder, the stirring needle 211 and the shaft shoulder cannot move relatively, namely, the phenomenon of blocking is caused, the stirring needle 211 and the shaft shoulder need to be replaced immediately, the time is delayed, the new stirring needle 211 and the shaft shoulder need to be adjusted again, the replacement use is difficult, and the problem of mass production is not facilitated.
Instructions for the installation of pin 211 and shoulder 312; because the existing friction stir spot welding has the problems that the positioning of the stirring pin 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312 is poor, adhesion sintering is easy to occur between the stirring pin 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312, the problem directly leads to the failure of welding spots, the stirring pin 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312 are damaged, new accessories are required to be replaced, the welding period is delayed, the welding cost is increased, meanwhile, the coaxiality is poor, the welded materials are caused to invade a gap between the stirring pin 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312, the welding spots are not smooth, burrs are large, and the welding spots are invalid when the welding spots invade too much. The reason for this error is due to the form of positioning of pin 211 and shoulder 312.
The application has adopted the installation location form of national standard ER chuck structure, adopts the form of toper location, has changed traditional quadrangle, hexagonal location structure, has increased stirring needle 211 transmission shaft coaxial bearing 310 between stirring needle 211 transmission shaft and stirring shaft shoulder 312 transmission shaft simultaneously, can further promote the axiality between the transmission shaft, and the furthest reduces the error.
The current popular national standard ER chuck is adopted for positioning, the ER chuck is used for positioning and transmitting torque by using the elastic conical collet chuck, and the ER chuck is widely applied to a high-precision machining center, has high positioning precision, is convenient to replace and has high universality. The improvement of the coaxial positioning precision of the stirring pin 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312 can greatly improve the success rate and the welding quality of spot welding, and the national standard fittings are adopted, so that the maintenance and the replacement are easy, and the important problem of poor coaxiality of the two is solved.
The application scene of the friction stir draw back spot welding can be further propelled by realizing the spot welding with large thickness, the improvement of the spot welding depth is realized, the stroke and the diameter of the stirring needle 211 are required to be optimized and designed, meanwhile, the requirement on the fluidity of the material is higher, the spot welding time is longer, the temperature change between the stirring needle 211 and the shaft shoulder is higher, the coaxiality and the relative gap change are easy to cause, and the problem that the welded material enters the gap can occur, so that the welding is failed; therefore, an atmosphere with smaller temperature change is needed, so that the temperature change of the stirring pin 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312 is ensured, which is not available in the prior thinner spot welding equipment; such as: the transmission shafts of the existing friction stir spot welding main shaft are solid, the stirring shaft shoulder 312 and the stirring needle 211 are also solid, the structure cannot adopt the coaxial temperature control technology, after the process parameters are unsuitable or the long-time spot welding is carried out, the spot welding quality in different periods is difficult to ensure to be consistent, mainly the stirring needle 211 and the stirring shaft shoulder 312 are used for a long time, the self temperature and the time difference between the initial spot welding are large, the quality of the friction stir spot welding is greatly related to the temperature, and the spot welding quality can be effectively ensured by adopting the transmission shaft with controllable temperature.
For some cases, as shown in fig. 10; the inside of the stirring pin transmission shaft 25 and the inside of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 are hollow, and gases (inert gases, nitrogen and air) with different temperatures are input into the inside of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36 through the hollow stirring pin transmission shaft 25, so as to provide a controllable welding atmosphere for friction stir spot welding. The reinforcing phase powder can be applied to the spot welding area through the hollow stirring pin transmission shaft 25 and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft 36, so that the quality and the characteristics of the spot welding joint are further improved, and the welding application range of the spot welding joint is greatly improved.
In order to facilitate the direct gas or powder introduction into the pin shaft 25 and the shoulder shaft 36, in this application, the power input spline shaft 12 is also designed to be hollow, and the gas or powder is conveniently introduced into the pin shaft 25 and the shoulder shaft 36 through one end of the power input spline shaft 12.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features, and advantages of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the embodiments and descriptions described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of the disclosure, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, which are within the scope of the disclosure as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. A high thickness pumpback friction stir spot welding spindle unit comprising:
a stirring pin transmission shaft (25) rotating around the axis of the stirring pin transmission shaft (25), wherein a stirring pin (211) is detachably arranged at the lower end of the stirring pin transmission shaft (25);
a stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36) rotating around the axis of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36), wherein the lower end of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36) is provided with a stirring shaft shoulder (312) which is detachably connected;
the stirring pin transmission shaft (25) and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36) are coaxially arranged, and coaxial rotation constraint is kept between the stirring pin transmission shaft (25) and the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36);
the stirring pin transmission shaft (25) is provided with a first linear mechanism;
the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36) is provided with a second linear mechanism;
the stirring pin (211) is positioned at the inner side of the stirring shaft shoulder (312);
the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36) and the spline on the stirring pin transmission shaft (25) form a spline transmission pair, and a stirring pin transmission shaft coaxial bearing (310) is arranged between the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft and the stirring pin transmission shaft;
the inside of the stirring pin transmission shaft (25) and the inside of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36) are hollow;
the first linear mechanism comprises a stirring needle displacement driving gear (21), a stirring needle displacement driven gear (22), a stirring needle fixed sleeve upper lock nut (23), a stirring needle displacement screw rod nut (24), a stirring needle displacement screw rod (26), a stirring needle fixed spline sleeve bearing (27), a stirring needle displacement fixed sleeve (28), a stirring needle fixed sleeve lower lock nut (29) and a stirring needle lock nut (210);
the outside of the stirring pin transmission shaft (25) is coaxially fixed with the stirring pin displacement screw rod (26) through the stirring pin fixing spline sleeve bearing (27), the stirring pin fixing sleeve lower lock nut (29) and the stirring pin fixing sleeve upper lock nut (23), and can perform rotary motion in the stirring pin displacement screw rod;
the stirring pin displacement driving gear (21) is coaxially arranged on the upper side of the stirring pin displacement screw rod (26) to drive the stirring pin displacement screw rod (26) to rotate, the stirring pin displacement screw rod (26) and the stirring pin displacement screw rod nut (24) are a pair of screw rod nut transmission pairs, the stirring pin displacement screw rod nut (24) is arranged on the inner side of the stirring pin displacement fixing sleeve (28) to keep motionless, and when the stirring pin displacement screw rod (26) rotates, the stirring pin displacement driving gear axially moves relative to the stirring pin displacement fixing sleeve (28) and drives the stirring pin transmission shaft (25) in the stirring pin displacement screw rod to axially move up and down;
the second linear mechanism is characterized in that a stirring shaft shoulder displacement driven gear (31), a fastening bolt (32), a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve upper lock nut (33), a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve bearing (34), a stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod (35), a stirring shaft shoulder displacement fixed sleeve (37), a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve lower lock nut (38), a stirring shaft shoulder displacement nut (39), a stirring needle transmission shaft coaxial bearing (310), a stirring shaft shoulder lock nut (311) and a stirring shaft shoulder (312) are arranged;
the stirring shaft shoulder displacement driven gear (31) is coaxially arranged with the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod (35) through the fastening bolt (32), and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement driven gear (31) is meshed with the stirring shaft shoulder displacement motor (11) through a gear;
the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod (35) is internally provided with a stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36), and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod are installed through a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve upper lock nut (33), a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve lower lock nut (38) and a stirring shaft shoulder fixed spline sleeve bearing (34);
the stirring shaft shoulder displacement screw rod (35) and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement nut (39) form a screw rod nut kinematic pair, and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement nut (39) and the stirring shaft shoulder displacement fixing sleeve (37) are coaxially and fixedly installed.
2. The high thickness back-drawable friction stir spot welding spindle device of claim 1 wherein said first linear mechanism and/or said second linear mechanism is one of a linear rail, a linear motor, or a roller screw.
3. The large-thickness back-drawing friction stir spot welding spindle device according to claim 1, wherein the stirring pin transmission shaft (25) is internally provided with a spline which can be matched with the power input spline shaft (12) in the form of a spline;
an output shaft of the power input motor (13) is coaxially connected with a driving wheel of the power transmission synchronous belt (14), and a driven wheel of the power transmission synchronous belt (14) is coaxially connected with the power input spline shaft (12).
4. The large-thickness back-drawing friction stir spot welding spindle device according to claim 1, wherein the stirring pin (211) is mounted at the bottom of the stirring pin transmission shaft (25) through a stirring pin locking nut (210), and the stirring pin locking nut (210) is provided with an elastic conical positioning sleeve which can be matched with a conical hole of the stirring pin transmission shaft (25).
5. The large-thickness back-drawing friction stir spot welding spindle device according to claim 1, wherein the stirring shaft shoulder (312) is installed and positioned with the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36) through a stirring shaft shoulder locking nut (311), and the stirring shaft shoulder locking nut (311) is provided with an elastic conical positioning sleeve which can be matched with a conical hole of the stirring shaft shoulder transmission shaft (36).
6. The large-thickness back-drawing friction stir spot welding spindle device according to claim 1, comprising an adjusting pressing plate (43) arranged below the whole stirring shaft shoulder (312) and the stirring pin (211), wherein the adjusting pressing plate (43) is connected with a stirring shaft shoulder displacement fixing sleeve (37) by using a retainer mounting bolt (44), the adjusting pressing plate (43) is arranged below a pressing plate retainer (41) by using a pressing plate fastening bolt (42), a through hole is formed in the adjusting pressing plate (43), the diameter of the adjusting pressing plate is the same as the outer diameter of the stirring shaft shoulder (312), and the adjusting pressing plate and the stirring shaft shoulder are in clearance fit.
7. The large thickness back-drawing friction stir spot welding spindle device according to claim 3, wherein the power input spline shaft (12) is hollow inside.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2004216435A (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2004-08-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Friction stirring and joining method and apparatus |
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| WO2006081819A1 (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-10 | Dan Stir Aps | A device for friction stir welding and a method of welding |
| CN105364298B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-12-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of backfill formula stirring friction spot welding device |
| CN106964828B (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2018-11-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of hollow handle of a knife of direct-connected conveying type of ultralow temperature medium main shaft |
| CN108817641B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2020-08-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Formula friction stir spot welding device is backfilled to diaxon |
| CN108857044B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2020-06-30 | 山东格物智能科技有限公司 | Lightweight backfill type friction stir spot welding device |
| CN110102868B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2024-04-16 | 上海发那科机器人有限公司 | Friction stir welding structure applied to robot |
| CN112658966B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2023-10-20 | 常州中车汽车零部件有限公司 | High-speed numerical control honing machine tool and high-precision hole machining method |
| CN113492258A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-12 | 东风汽车底盘系统有限公司 | Spline shaft fork friction welding universal fixture |
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| JP2004216435A (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2004-08-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Friction stirring and joining method and apparatus |
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