CN114273585A - Processing technology of 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging - Google Patents
Processing technology of 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN114273585A CN114273585A CN202111651188.2A CN202111651188A CN114273585A CN 114273585 A CN114273585 A CN 114273585A CN 202111651188 A CN202111651188 A CN 202111651188A CN 114273585 A CN114273585 A CN 114273585A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing technology of a 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging, which comprises the following steps: carrying out drawing and upsetting treatment on the ingot in XYZ directions at least twice respectively; punching and reaming the cast ingot to form a forging; carrying out solution treatment on the forging; carrying out aging treatment on the forge piece; and air-cooling the forging to room temperature. The casting structure of the cast ingot can be fully broken and eliminated, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the forge piece in three directions is reduced, the mechanical property indexes of the forge piece in three directions are improved, and the parts processed by the forge piece are not easy to deform and lose efficacy in the use process, namely the requirements of the forge piece for the aerospace storage box on the index of super strength and super toughness are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal forging, in particular to a processing technology of a 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging.
Background
2219 aluminium alloy is a high performance aluminium alloy, and it has higher intensity and better moulding after solution treatment and artificial ageing treatment, and at present widely uses in the manufacturing of storage tank of space flight vehicle. But the anisotropy of the mechanical property of the material is large, and the use requirements of the forging on ultra-strength and ultra-toughness in the circumferential direction, the axial direction and the radial direction are difficult to achieve at present.
At present, when a forging is forged by a common machining process, generally, ingot casting is subjected to drawing and upsetting treatment only along the axial direction, the anisotropy of the forging formed by the forging mode is large, particularly in the aspect of elongation, the hoop elongation of the forging can reach more than 10%, the axial elongation is 4%, the radial elongation is only 3%, the elongation in three directions can not reach more than 4.5%, and parts machined by the forging are easy to deform and lose efficacy in the use process, and can not meet the index requirement of super-strength and super-toughness of the forging for the aerospace storage tank.
How to improve the processing technology to improve the mechanical properties of the forgings in three directions and achieve the index requirements of super-strength and super-toughness is a problem to be solved urgently in the industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a process for processing a 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging, so as to solve one or more problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a processing technology of a 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging comprises the following steps:
carrying out drawing and upsetting treatment on the ingot in XYZ directions at least twice respectively;
punching and reaming the cast ingot to form a forge piece;
carrying out solution treatment on the forging;
carrying out aging treatment on the forging;
and air-cooling the forging to room temperature.
Further, when the ingot is subjected to elongation and upsetting, the deformation amount per upsetting is controlled to be 55 to 60%.
Further, when the ingot is subjected to elongation and upsetting treatment, the pressing frequency of the press is adjusted according to the temperature of the ingot, so that the temperature of the ingot is kept between 400 ℃ and 460 ℃.
Further, when the ingot is subjected to drawing and upsetting treatment, the pressing speed of the press is set to be not more than 20mm/s, and the pressing amount is controlled to be 40mm to 60mm each time.
Further, the operation steps of carrying out solution treatment on the forging are as follows:
charging the forge piece into a furnace, heating to 520-540 ℃, and preserving heat;
and carrying out water cooling on the forge piece after heat preservation by using flowing water.
Further, when the forging is cooled by water, the temperature of flowing water ranges from 52 ℃ to 58 ℃.
Further, the time from discharging the forge piece after heat preservation to entering water is less than 15 s.
Further, the forging after the solution treatment is subjected to cold deformation treatment to relieve the internal stress of the forging, and the cold deformation rate of the forging is 1.5-3%.
Further, the time from the completion of the solution treatment of the forging to the completion of the cold deformation treatment is less than 3 hours.
Further, when the forging is subjected to aging treatment, the forging is charged into a furnace, the temperature is raised to 155-165 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 14-18 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
firstly, before punching and reaming the cast ingot, at least twice drawing and upsetting are respectively carried out in XYZ directions of the cast ingot, so that the cast structure of the cast ingot can be fully crushed and eliminated, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the forged piece in three directions is reduced, the mechanical property indexes of the forged piece in three directions are improved, and the parts processed by the forged piece are not easy to deform and lose efficacy in the use process, namely the requirements of the forged piece for the super-strength and super-toughness of the aerospace storage box are met.
Secondly, when the ingot is drawn and roughened by using a press, the temperature of the ingot is gradually reduced, and when the pressing frequency of the press is increased, the temperature of the aluminum alloy is increased; when the pressing frequency of the press becomes slow, the aluminum alloy can be gradually cooled. The temperature of the ingot is kept between 400 ℃ and 460 ℃ by changing the pressing frequency of the press, the temperature of the ingot is prevented from rising to cause overheating or overburning of the core of the ingot, and the temperature of the ingot is prevented from falling to cause the ingot to be forged and cracked.
And (III) in the process of drawing and upsetting, controlling the pressing speed of the press to be not more than 20mm/s, and controlling the pressing amount to be 40 mm-60 mm each time, so that overheating or overburning caused by too fast temperature rise of the cast ingot core can be avoided.
And (IV) a cold deformation treatment process is added between the solid solution treatment and the aging treatment, so that the forging deformation and the stress in the solid solution process can be fully released, and the deformation of the forge piece in the subsequent machining process can be prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of ingot elongation and upsetting processes in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the processing technology of the 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging provided by the present invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all used in a non-precise scale for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly aiding in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. To make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, reference is made to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for understanding and reading the contents disclosed in the specification, and are not used for limiting the implementation of the present invention, so the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, ratio relationship changes or size adjustments should fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a processing process of a 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging, which includes the following steps:
(S1) performing elongation and upsetting processes on the ingots in XYZ directions at least twice, respectively;
(S2) punching and reaming the cast ingot to form a forge piece;
(S3) solution treatment is carried out on the forging;
(S4) performing cold deformation treatment on the forging;
(S5) carrying out aging treatment on the forging;
(S6) the forgings are air-cooled to room temperature.
Specifically, in this example, elongation and upsetting processes were performed twice in XYZ directions of the ingot, and before the elongation and upsetting processes, a columnar ingot was first roughened in the Z-axis direction, and then the ingot was elongated and squared in the Z-axis direction. When the drawing and upsetting treatment is carried out, firstly, the ingot is drawn and roughened for the first time along the Z-axis direction; carrying out twice drawing and upsetting treatments on the cast ingot along the X-axis direction; then, carrying out drawing and upsetting treatment on the cast ingot along the Y-axis direction; finally, the ingot is drawn and upset again along the Z-axis direction. It should be noted that, when elongation and upsetting are performed, the operation sequence is not required to be strictly performed, and only the elongation and upsetting are performed on the ingot twice along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
When a press is used for drawing and upsetting an ingot, the deformation of the ingot before and after upsetting needs to be controlled to be 55-60%. When the ingot is subjected to drawing and upsetting treatment, the press presses the ingot to generate heat in the ingot, so as to avoid overheating or overburning due to too fast temperature rise of the core part of the ingot, the pressing speed of the press is set to be not more than 20mm/s, and the pressing amount of the press is controlled to be 40 mm-60 mm each time. If the temperature of the ingot is reduced too fast, the ingot is easy to forge and crack when the ingot is forged, so in order to avoid the too fast temperature reduction of the ingot, the pressing frequency of a press needs to be adjusted according to the temperature of the ingot, the temperature of the ingot is kept between 400 ℃ and 460 ℃, and in the actual operation process, when the ingot is drawn and upset, the ingot is ensured to be uniformly reduced within the range between 400 ℃ and 460 ℃.
Specifically, the operation steps of carrying out solution treatment on the forging are as follows:
(S3.1) charging the forge piece into a furnace, heating to 520-540 ℃, and preserving heat;
and (S3.2) cooling the forge piece after heat preservation by using flowing water.
When the forge piece is charged and insulated, a thermocouple is used for measuring temperature, the accuracy of temperature measurement is ensured, so that a worker can accurately control the temperature during insulation, the effect of solid solution treatment is improved, and preparation is made for absorbing more strengthening phases in the aging process. The heat preservation time is calculated according to the thickness of the forging, and the heat preservation time is equal to the product of the thickness of the forging and the heat preservation coefficient (in the calculation process, the thickness of the forging is calculated in millimeters, and the heat preservation coefficient ranges from 2min/mm to 3 min/mm). And after heat preservation is finished, taking the forge piece out of the furnace, placing the forge piece into flowing water, and enabling the time from discharging the heat-preserved forge piece into the water to be less than 15 s. In the scheme, the temperature of flowing water used in the water cooling process of the forge piece is in the range of 52-58 ℃, and the maximum power of a water circulation system needs to be started during water cooling.
Specifically, the forging is subjected to cold deformation treatment after solution treatment, so that the internal stress of the forging in the forging process and the solution treatment process can be released, and the deformation of the forging in the subsequent machining process is avoided. In the cold deformation treatment process, the cold deformation rate of the forging needs to be strictly controlled to be 1.5-3%, and in actual operation, equal-height blocks are used for limiting the deformation size of the forging. The time from the completion of the solution treatment to the completion of the cold deformation treatment of the forging is controlled to be less than 3 hours.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the aging treatment of the forging is performed by artificial aging treatment, and the operation process is as follows: and (3) charging the forge piece into a furnace, heating to 155-165 ℃, and preserving heat for 14-18 h.
In this embodiment, the blanking size of 2219 aluminum alloy ingot is phi 900 × 560, after the ingot is drawn and upset, the operations of punching, repairing, reaming and leveling are performed, and the ingot is processed into a forging with the size of phi 1400 × phi 750 × 300. Then, the annular forging product is obtained by the forging through the processes of solution treatment, cold deformation treatment, aging treatment and air cooling, and the 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging in the embodiment is subjected to physical and chemical detection to obtain the annular, axial and radial mechanical properties of the 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging, which are as follows:
the processing technology in the embodiment solves the problem that the 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging piece is large in anisotropy, achieves that the three-dimensional (annular, axial and radial) mechanical property indexes of the 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging piece reach that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 390MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 290MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 6%, so that parts processed by the forging piece are not easy to deform and lose efficacy in the using process, and the index requirements of the forging piece for the aerospace storage box on super-strength and super-toughness are met.
The working principle is as follows:
according to the scheme, before punching and reaming treatment is carried out on the cast ingot, stretching and upsetting treatment are carried out on the cast ingot in the XYZ directions for two times respectively, so that the cast structure of the cast ingot can be fully crushed and eliminated, and the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the forge piece in the three directions is reduced. Meanwhile, the scheme is that the cold deformation treatment is carried out on the forge piece after the forge piece is subjected to the solid solution treatment, so that the stress in the forging deformation and solid solution process can be fully released, and the forge piece can be prevented from deforming in the subsequent machining process. The mechanical property indexes of the aluminum alloy annular forged piece manufactured by the processing technology in three directions can meet the index requirements of super-strong and super-tough forged pieces for aerospace storage tanks, and parts manufactured by the forged piece are not easy to deform and lose efficacy in the using process.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The processing technology of the 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging piece is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out drawing and upsetting treatment on the ingot in XYZ directions at least twice respectively;
punching and reaming the cast ingot to form a forge piece;
carrying out solution treatment on the forging;
carrying out aging treatment on the forging;
and air-cooling the forging to room temperature.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the machining process comprises the following steps: and when the ingot is subjected to drawing and upsetting treatment, controlling the deformation amount to be 55-60% during each upsetting.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the machining process comprises the following steps: and when the ingot is subjected to elongation and upsetting treatment, adjusting the pressing frequency of a press according to the temperature of the ingot so as to keep the temperature of the ingot at 400-460 ℃.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the machining process comprises the following steps: and when the ingot is drawn and roughened, the pressing speed of a press is set to be not more than 20mm/s, and the pressing amount is controlled to be 40 mm-60 mm each time.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein the machining process comprises the following steps: the operation steps of carrying out solution treatment on the forging piece are as follows:
charging the forge piece into a furnace, heating to 520-540 ℃, and preserving heat;
and carrying out water cooling on the forge piece after heat preservation by using flowing water.
6. The processing technology of 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging of claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: when the forging is water-cooled, the temperature of flowing water ranges from 52 ℃ to 58 ℃.
7. The processing technology of 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging of claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: and the time from discharging the forge piece after heat preservation to entering water is less than 15 s.
8. The process of claim 1, wherein the machining process comprises the following steps: and carrying out cold deformation treatment on the forge piece after the solution treatment so as to relieve the internal stress of the forge piece, wherein the cold deformation rate of the forge piece is 1.5-3%.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein the machining process comprises the following steps: and the time from the completion of the solution treatment of the forging to the completion of the cold deformation treatment is less than 3 h.
10. The process of claim 1, wherein the machining process comprises the following steps: and when the forging is subjected to aging treatment, charging the forging, heating to 155-165 ℃, and preserving heat for 14-18 h.
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| CN202111651188.2A CN114273585A (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Processing technology of 2219 aluminum alloy annular forging |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106541064A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-29 | 首都航天机械公司 | A kind of hammer cogging process of super large-scale aluminium alloy ingot casting |
| CN108746447A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of anticorodal forge piece manufacturing process |
| CN109622873A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-16 | 天津航天长征技术装备有限公司 | A kind of 2219 aluminium alloy rings fine grain manufacturing process |
| CN109759783A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-17 | 天津航天长征技术装备有限公司 | A kind of nearly same sex high-performance aluminium alloy cylindrical forged piece manufacturing process of three-dimensional |
| CN112439857A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-05 | 陕西长羽航空装备有限公司 | Forming method for improving three-dimensional performance of aluminum alloy |
-
2021
- 2021-12-30 CN CN202111651188.2A patent/CN114273585A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106541064A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-29 | 首都航天机械公司 | A kind of hammer cogging process of super large-scale aluminium alloy ingot casting |
| CN108746447A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of anticorodal forge piece manufacturing process |
| CN109622873A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-16 | 天津航天长征技术装备有限公司 | A kind of 2219 aluminium alloy rings fine grain manufacturing process |
| CN109759783A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-17 | 天津航天长征技术装备有限公司 | A kind of nearly same sex high-performance aluminium alloy cylindrical forged piece manufacturing process of three-dimensional |
| CN112439857A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-05 | 陕西长羽航空装备有限公司 | Forming method for improving three-dimensional performance of aluminum alloy |
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Application publication date: 20220405 |