CN114272550A - Fire extinguishing liquid for extinguishing D-class fire - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing liquid for extinguishing D-class fire Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing liquid, in particular to fire extinguishing liquid for extinguishing D-type fire, which comprises the following components: the graphite comprises an inorganic crystal substance, liquid graphite and a target additive, wherein the three components are in the following composition ratio: 20 to 50% of inorganic crystalline substance, 10 to 50% of liquid graphite, 0 to 40% of target additive, and the total content of inorganic crystalline substance and liquid graphite is equal to or more than 60%, the high heat capacity of the liquid graphite of the present invention provides good heat dissipation effect, also poorly insulates the burning metal from oxygen, the inorganic crystalline substance AxBy combines with carbon in the liquid graphite, can form a unique combination of highly endothermic substances, they can be sintered to form a dense airtight envelope under the high temperature condition of the burning metal, complete and reliable insulation is achieved, and heat dissipation is further increased due to compaction of the envelope, the target additive can increase the bulk density, fluidity and stability of the fire extinguishing fluid by combining the liquid graphite and the inorganic crystalline substance, further improving the fire extinguishing agent property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing liquid, in particular to fire extinguishing liquid for extinguishing D-class fire.
Background
Most fire extinguishing agents currently used to extinguish class D fires are liquids of different compositions that extinguish fires primarily by blocking oxygen from entering the burning material, without significant cooling effects or chemically inhibiting the metal. Furthermore, because of the relatively low fluidity of many known liquids, it is difficult for the liquid to penetrate into combustion structures of complex shape, and their particles are not free to move relative to each other, which makes the task of extinguishing these objects even more difficult. Therefore, their efficiency in processing complex shaped objects, particle board, slag and metallurgical waste is very low;
furthermore, few liquids are capable of extinguishing the metal melt due to the ability of the metal to sink in the melt. Considering that many combustible metals (such as sodium, magnesium and aluminum) are fusible (the melting point is lower than 700 ℃), even in the common solid fire (class A) with the temperature of 800-;
in particular, the fire safety of metallurgical production facilities, where metals of different states and forms are used in larger quantities. The difficulty of extinguishing fires in metallurgical plants, on the one hand, is the presence of large quantities of combustible metals and, on the other hand, the risk of fire in their use (for example during casting or processing), and, moreover, the metals may be in different aggregated states (solid, molten) and be present in the form of products, waste, swarf, blocks, liquids, dusts, a problem which also frequently occurs in enterprises in connection with the manufacture of various light alloy products, in the manufacture of machinery, automobiles, airplanes and rockets;
in energy infrastructure, aluminium (as conductive element, heat exchange system), lithium (in energy storage and storage systems-various types of lithium batteries), sodium, uranium and thorium (in nuclear energy) are often used, with great risks;
as is well known, the power consuming devices using lithium batteries are more likely to cause fire. Fire suppression is made more difficult by the difficulty of fire suppressant access to the fire initially burning in a closed volume, at a temperature of 2000 ℃, with a red flame first, and then a bright white light, usually accompanied by an explosion or series of explosions of a single cell or battery. Such fires may occur in the event of mechanical damage, heating, overcharging, etc., and such devices are commonly used in everyday life, transportation and industry, where people are in close proximity to the devices, mobile phones, laptop computers, autonomous electric tools are everywhere visible, and the share of electric transportation in transportation devices is also increasing. At the same time, there is little information about fire extinguishing substances that can extinguish battery fires in enclosed volumes, and it is known that extinguishing class D fires with water, carbon dioxide, foam and other conventional extinguishing agents is absolutely infeasible because of the release of explosive hydrogen. Some have attempted to produce liquid fire extinguishing agents for such fires, for example based on freon, but despite their fire extinguishing effect, they are not viable due to the presence of toxic vapors of the fluorinated products during the decomposition of freon. Not all of the fire suppressing liquid used to extinguish the metal can enter when the body of the burning cell is depressurized, which is associated with their flowability problems. Many salt compositions based on sodium carbonate, potassium chloride or sodium chloride are not without these disadvantages. In addition, low melting salts typically cause the liquid to adhere to the exterior of the combustion structure, thereby preventing further movement of the liquid particles;
very little fire fighting liquid is able to suppress metal burning in all of the above situations. In view of this, we propose a fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires, which solves the problems set forth in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires comprising the following components: the graphite comprises an inorganic crystal substance, liquid graphite and a target additive, wherein the three components are in the following composition ratio: 20% -50% of inorganic crystalline substance, 10% -50% of liquid graphite and 0-40% of target additive, wherein the total content of the inorganic crystalline substance and the liquid graphite is equal to or more than 60%.
The invention preferably comprises the following components: the graphite comprises an inorganic crystal substance, liquid graphite and a target additive, wherein the three components are in the following composition ratio: 30% of inorganic crystal substance, 30% of liquid graphite and 40% of target additive.
The invention preferably comprises the following components: the graphite comprises an inorganic crystal substance, liquid graphite and a target additive, wherein the three components are in the following composition ratio: 40% of inorganic crystal substance, 50% of liquid graphite and 10% of target additive.
Preferably, the inorganic crystalline substance has a molecular formula of AxBy, wherein B is an element in groups III, IV and V of the periodic table, X and Y are 1 to 6, A is any element in the periodic table and forms a binary compound with B, B in AxBy is boron, silicon, carbon or nitrogen, and A in AxBy is boron, aluminum, silicon, titanium, zirconium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and chromium.
As preferred in the present invention, the targeted additives include, but are not limited to, oxides and/or silicates of magnesium, aluminum, minerals based on mixed oxides and/or silicates of sodium, potassium, magnesium and aluminum, borates, carbonates, sulfates and/or phosphates of alkali and alkaline earth metals, and minerals, fatty acid salts alkaline earth metals or transition metals in a total content of at least 70%.
As a preference of the invention, the method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
As the optimization of the invention, the specific operation of the step one is as follows: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 40-60 min.
As the optimization of the invention, the specific operation of the step two is as follows: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
As the optimization of the invention, the specific operation of the step three is as follows: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
As the optimization of the invention, the specific operation of the step four is as follows: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 60-80 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the high heat capacity of the liquid graphite in the invention provides good heat dissipation effect, and the insulation between the burning metal and oxygen is poor, and the graphite has good fire extinguishing performance when the alkali metal is used for extinguishing fire;
2. the inorganic crystalline substance of the present invention has high thermal capacity and thermal conductivity, and has high fire resistance and high inertness, the particles of this component come into closer contact with each other, thus making it possible to form a radiator "bridge" with a minimum amount, the inorganic crystalline substance AxBy combines with the carbon in the liquid graphite, enabling the formation of a unique combination of highly endothermic substances, moreover, they can sinter to form a compact airtight envelope under the high temperature conditions of the burning metal, further accelerating the extinguishing process due to the complete and reliable insulation, and further increasing the heat extraction due to the compaction of the envelope;
3. the target additive can be mixed with liquid graphite and inorganic crystal substances to increase the bulk density, the fluidity and the stability of the fire extinguishing liquid and further improve the performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
example 1
A fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires comprising the following components: boron carbide, liquid graphite and target additives, wherein the target additives are sodium carbonate and magnesium stearate, and the three components comprise the following components: 30% of boron carbide, 30% of liquid graphite, 35% of sodium carbonate and 5% of magnesium stearate.
The high heat capacity of the liquid graphite provides a good heat dissipation effect, the insulation between the burning metal and oxygen is poor, and the graphite has good fire extinguishing performance when the alkali metal extinguishes; boron carbide has high thermal capacity and conductivity, and has high fire resistance and high inertness, the particles of this composition come into closer contact with each other, thus making it possible to form heat sink "bridges" with a minimum of quantity, it combines with the carbon in the liquid graphite, enabling the formation of a unique combination of highly endothermic substances, moreover, under the high temperature conditions of burning the metal, it enables them to sinter to form a compact airtight envelope, further accelerating the extinguishing process due to the complete and reliable insulation, and further increasing the heat extraction due to the compaction of the envelope; the sodium carbonate and the magnesium stearate can be matched with liquid graphite and boron carbide to increase the bulk density, the fluidity and the stability of the fire extinguishing liquid and further improve the performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific operation of step one is: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 50 min.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operations of step two are: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step three is: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
As a preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step four is: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 70 min.
Example 2
A fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires comprising the following components: boron carbide, liquid graphite and target additives, wherein the target additives are tricalcium phosphate and magnesium stearate, and the three components comprise the following components: 40% of boron carbide, 50% of liquid graphite, 6% of sodium carbonate and 4% of magnesium stearate.
The high heat capacity of the liquid graphite provides a good heat dissipation effect, the insulation between the burning metal and oxygen is poor, and the graphite has good fire extinguishing performance when the alkali metal extinguishes; boron carbide has high thermal capacity and conductivity, and has high fire resistance and high inertness, the particles of this composition come into closer contact with each other, thus making it possible to form heat sink "bridges" with a minimum of quantity, it combines with the carbon in the liquid graphite, enabling the formation of a unique combination of highly endothermic substances, moreover, under the high temperature conditions of burning the metal, it enables them to sinter to form a compact airtight envelope, further accelerating the extinguishing process due to the complete and reliable insulation, and further increasing the heat extraction due to the compaction of the envelope; tricalcium phosphate and magnesium stearate can be matched with liquid graphite and boron carbide to increase the bulk density, the fluidity and the stability of the fire extinguishing liquid and further improve the performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific operation of step one is: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 50 min.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operations of step two are: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step three is: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
As a preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step four is: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 70 min.
Example 3
A fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires comprising the following components: silicon carbide, liquid graphite and target additives, wherein the target additives are talc liquid, potassium carbonate and calcium stearate, and the three components comprise the following components: 50% of silicon carbide, 25% of liquid graphite, 12% of talcum liquid, 10% of potassium carbonate and 3% of calcium stearate.
The high heat capacity of the liquid graphite provides a good heat dissipation effect, the insulation between the burning metal and oxygen is poor, and the graphite has good fire extinguishing performance when the alkali metal extinguishes; silicon carbide has high thermal capacity and conductivity, as well as high fire resistance and high inertness, the particles of this composition coming into closer contact with each other, thus making it possible to form heat sink "bridges" in a minimum amount, it combining with the carbon in the liquid graphite, enabling the formation of unique combinations of highly endothermic substances, moreover, under the high temperature conditions of burning the metal, they enable sintering to form a compact airtight envelope, further accelerating the extinguishing process due to the complete and reliable insulation, and further increasing the heat extraction due to the compaction of the envelope; the talcum liquid, the potassium carbonate and the calcium stearate can be matched with liquid graphite and silicon carbide to increase the stacking density, the fluidity and the stability of the fire extinguishing liquid and further improve the performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific operation of step one is: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 50 min.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operations of step two are: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step three is: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
As a preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step four is: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 70 min.
Example 4
A fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires comprising the following components: silicon carbide, liquid graphite, and a target additive, wherein the target additive is a nepheline concentrate, and the three components comprise, for example: 50% of silicon carbide, 10% of liquid graphite and 40% of nepheline concentrate.
The high heat capacity of the liquid graphite provides a good heat dissipation effect, the insulation between the burning metal and oxygen is poor, and the graphite has good fire extinguishing performance when the alkali metal extinguishes; silicon carbide has high thermal capacity and conductivity, as well as high fire resistance and high inertness, the particles of this composition coming into closer contact with each other, thus making it possible to form heat sink "bridges" in a minimum amount, it combining with the carbon in the liquid graphite, enabling the formation of unique combinations of highly endothermic substances, moreover, under the high temperature conditions of burning the metal, they enable sintering to form a compact airtight envelope, further accelerating the extinguishing process due to the complete and reliable insulation, and further increasing the heat extraction due to the compaction of the envelope; the nepheline concentrate can be matched with liquid graphite and silicon carbide to increase the bulk density, the fluidity and the stability of the fire extinguishing liquid and further improve the performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific operation of step one is: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 50 min.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operations of step two are: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step three is: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
As a preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step four is: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 70 min.
Example 5
A fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires comprising the following components: boron nitride, liquid graphite and target additives, wherein the target additives are periclase, talc liquid and perlite liquid, and the three components comprise the following components: 46% of boron nitride, 15% of liquid graphite, 20% of periclase, 15% of talcum liquid and 4% of perlite liquid.
The high heat capacity of the liquid graphite provides a good heat dissipation effect, the insulation between the burning metal and oxygen is poor, and the graphite has good fire extinguishing performance when the alkali metal extinguishes; boron nitride has high thermal capacity and conductivity, and has high fire resistance and high inertness, the particles of this composition come into closer contact with each other, thus making it possible to form heat sink "bridges" with a minimum amount, boron nitride, in combination with the carbon in the liquid graphite, being able to form a unique combination of highly endothermic substances, and furthermore, under the high temperature conditions of burning the metal, they can sinter to form a compact airtight envelope, further accelerating the extinguishing process due to the complete and reliable insulation, and further increasing the heat extraction due to the compaction of the envelope; the periclase, the talcum liquid and the perlite liquid can be matched with liquid graphite and boron nitride to increase the bulk density, the fluidity and the stability of the fire extinguishing liquid and further improve the performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific operation of step one is: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 50 min.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operations of step two are: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step three is: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
As a preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step four is: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 70 min.
Example 6
A fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires comprising the following components: titanium carbide, liquid graphite and target additives, wherein the target additives are potassium sulfate, dicalcium phosphate, talc liquid and barium sulfate, and the three components comprise the following components: 20% of titanium carbide, 43% of liquid graphite, 20% of potassium sulfate, 10% of dicalcium phosphate, 5% of talcum liquid and 2% of barium sulfate.
The high heat capacity of the liquid graphite provides a good heat dissipation effect, the insulation between the burning metal and oxygen is poor, and the graphite has good fire extinguishing performance when the alkali metal extinguishes; titanium carbide has high thermal capacity and conductivity, and is highly refractory and inert, the particles of this composition coming into closer contact with each other, thus making it possible to form heat sink "bridges" in a minimum amount, titanium carbide combining with the carbon in the liquid graphite, enabling the formation of unique combinations of highly endothermic substances, and moreover, under the high temperature conditions of burning metals, they can sinter to form a compact airtight envelope, further accelerating the extinguishing process due to the complete and reliable insulation, and further increasing the heat extraction due to the compaction of the envelope; the potassium sulfate, the dicalcium phosphate, the talc liquid and the barium sulfate can be matched with liquid graphite and titanium carbide to increase the bulk density, the fluidity and the stability of the fire extinguishing liquid and further improve the performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific operation of step one is: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 50 min.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operations of step two are: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step three is: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
As a preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step four is: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 70 min.
Example 7
A fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires comprising the following components: titanium nitride, liquid graphite and target additives, wherein the target additives are magnesite and talc liquid, and the three components comprise the following components: 25% of titanium nitride, 35% of liquid graphite, 30% of magnesite and 10% of talcum liquid.
The high heat capacity of the liquid graphite provides a good heat dissipation effect, the insulation between the burning metal and oxygen is poor, and the graphite has good fire extinguishing performance when the alkali metal extinguishes; titanium nitride has high thermal capacity and conductivity, and has high fire resistance and high inertness, the particles of this composition come into closer contact with each other, thus making it possible to form heat sink "bridges" in a minimum amount, titanium nitride, in combination with the carbon in the liquid graphite, being able to form a unique combination of highly endothermic substances, and furthermore, under the high temperature conditions of burning the metal, they are able to sinter to form a compact airtight envelope, further accelerating the extinguishing process due to the complete and reliable insulation, and further increasing the heat extraction due to the compaction of the envelope; the magnesite and the talc liquid can be matched with liquid graphite and titanium nitride to increase the stacking density, the fluidity and the stability of the fire extinguishing liquid and further improve the performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific operation of step one is: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 50 min.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operations of step two are: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step three is: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
As a preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step four is: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 70 min.
Example 8
A fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires comprising the following components: molybdenum carbide, liquid graphite and target additive, wherein the target additive is electric furnace corundum, and the composition of three components is as follows: 20% of molybdenum carbide, 40% of liquid graphite and 40% of electric furnace corundum.
The high heat capacity of the liquid graphite provides a good heat dissipation effect, the insulation between the burning metal and oxygen is poor, and the graphite has good fire extinguishing performance when the alkali metal extinguishes; molybdenum carbide has high thermal capacity and conductivity, and has high fire resistance and high inertness, the particles of this composition come into closer contact with each other, thus making it possible to form heat sink "bridges" in a minimum amount, molybdenum carbide combines with the carbon in liquid graphite, enabling the formation of a unique combination of highly endothermic substances, moreover, under the high temperature conditions of burning the metal, they can sinter to form a compact airtight envelope, further accelerating the extinguishing process due to the complete and reliable insulation, and further increasing the heat extraction due to the compaction of the envelope; the electric furnace corundum can be matched with liquid graphite and molybdenum carbide to increase the bulk density, the fluidity and the stability of the fire extinguishing liquid and further improve the performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific operation of step one is: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 50 min.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operations of step two are: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step three is: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
As a preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step four is: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 70 min.
Example 9
A fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires comprising the following components: the boron zirconium oxide, the liquid graphite and the target additives, wherein the target additives are dolomite and borax, and the three components comprise the following components: 25% of boron zirconium oxide, 50% of liquid graphite, 15% of dolomite and 10% of borax.
The high heat capacity of the liquid graphite provides a good heat dissipation effect, the insulation between the burning metal and oxygen is poor, and the graphite has good fire extinguishing performance when the alkali metal extinguishes; boron zirconia has high thermal capacity and conductivity, and has high fire resistance and high inertness, the particles of this composition come into closer contact with each other, thus making it possible to form radiator "bridges" with a minimum amount, boron zirconia combines with the carbon in liquid graphite, enabling the formation of a unique combination of highly endothermic substances, moreover, under the high temperature conditions of burning metals, they can sinter to form a compact airtight envelope, further accelerating the extinguishing process due to the complete and reliable insulation, and further increasing the heat extraction due to the compaction of the envelope; the dolomite and the borax can be matched with liquid graphite and boron zirconium oxide to increase the stacking density, the fluidity and the stability of the fire extinguishing liquid and further improve the performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific operation of step one is: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 50 min.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operations of step two are: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
As a preferred preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step three is: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
As a preference of this embodiment, the specific operation of step four is: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 70 min.
The fire suppression fluids of examples 1-4 are a general formulation of low cost fluids for extinguishing various metals, wherein the fire suppression fluids of examples 1-3 are highly effective in extinguishing alkaline earth metals, the fire suppression fluid of example 4 exhibits about 30% efficiency in extinguishing magnesium and titanium alloys, the fire suppression fluids of examples 1, 2 and 7 are most suitable for extinguishing lithium and sodium, the fire suppression fluids of examples 5, 6 and 8 successfully extinguish many high temperature metal fires with extremely high fire intensity, are suitable for extinguishing most aluminum, titanium and magnesium-based aviation and rocket alloys, including the use of heat resistant alloys of zirconium, hafnium, cerium and neodymium, and the fire suppression fluid of example 9 is primarily used for extinguishing radioactive waste of fissionable uranium.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires, characterized in that: comprises the following components: the graphite comprises an inorganic crystal substance, liquid graphite and a target additive, wherein the three components are in the following composition ratio: 20% -50% of inorganic crystalline substance, 10% -50% of liquid graphite and 0-40% of target additive, wherein the total content of the inorganic crystalline substance and the liquid graphite is equal to or more than 60%.
2. The fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires according to claim 1, wherein: comprises the following components: the graphite comprises an inorganic crystal substance, liquid graphite and a target additive, wherein the three components are in the following composition ratio: 30% of inorganic crystal substance, 30% of liquid graphite and 40% of target additive.
3. The fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires according to claim 1, wherein: comprises the following components: the graphite comprises an inorganic crystal substance, liquid graphite and a target additive, wherein the three components are in the following composition ratio: 40% of inorganic crystal substance, 50% of liquid graphite and 10% of target additive.
4. The fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires according to claim 1, wherein: the molecular formula of the inorganic crystal substance is AxBy, wherein an element B is a group III, IV and V element of the periodic table of elements, X and Y are 1 to 6, an element A is a binary compound formed by any element in the periodic table of elements and the element B, the element B in the AxBy is boron, silicon, carbon or nitrogen, and the element A in the AxBy is boron, aluminum, silicon, titanium, zirconium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and chromium.
5. The fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires according to claim 1, wherein: target additives include, but are not limited to, oxides and/or silicates of magnesium, aluminum, minerals based on mixed oxides and/or silicates of sodium, potassium, magnesium and aluminum, borates, carbonates, sulfates and/or phosphates of alkali and alkaline earth metals, and minerals, fatty acid salts alkaline earth metals or transition metals in a total content of at least 70%.
6. The fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grinding;
step two: screening;
step three: weighing and quantifying;
step four: and (4) mixing.
7. The fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires according to claim 6, wherein: the specific operation of the first step is as follows: and respectively putting the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive into two grinding containers, and respectively grinding until the inorganic crystal substance and the target additive reach proper particle size values, wherein the grinding environment is kept dry, and the grinding time is 40-60 min.
8. The fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires according to claim 6, wherein: the specific operation of the second step is as follows: and respectively screening the ground raw materials, and keeping the total amount of the raw materials with the granularity value of 20-300 mu m not less than 90% and the total amount of the raw materials exceeding 300 mu m not more than 10%.
9. The fire extinguishing fluid for extinguishing class D fires according to claim 6, wherein: the concrete operation of the third step is as follows: and weighing the screened raw materials respectively to ensure that the content ratio of the raw materials meets the required standard.
10. The fire suppression fluid for extinguishing class D fires of claim 6, wherein: the concrete operation of the step four is as follows: the screened raw materials are put into mixing equipment for full mixing, liquid graphite is added in the mixing process, so that the three substances are fully mixed, and finally the fire extinguishing liquid is formed, wherein the mixing operation time is 60-80 min.
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| US4915853A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1990-04-10 | Shin-Etsu Handotai Co., Ltd. | Method for fire extinguishment of hardly extinguishable dangerous material |
| US5449505A (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1995-09-12 | Rockwell International Corporation | Method for disposing of radioactive graphite and silicon carbide in graphite fuel elements |
| CN104998367A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2015-10-28 | 北京众慧诚科技有限公司 | Burning type fire extinguishing composition |
| CN107693999A (en) * | 2017-09-17 | 2018-02-16 | 江山海维科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-effect D classes powder extinguishing agent |
| WO2019054861A1 (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-03-21 | Technische Universiteit Delft | Fire extinguishing solution |
| CN110478842A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-11-22 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | Lithium electricity compound fire-extinguishing agent |
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| US4915853A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1990-04-10 | Shin-Etsu Handotai Co., Ltd. | Method for fire extinguishment of hardly extinguishable dangerous material |
| US5449505A (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1995-09-12 | Rockwell International Corporation | Method for disposing of radioactive graphite and silicon carbide in graphite fuel elements |
| CN104998367A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2015-10-28 | 北京众慧诚科技有限公司 | Burning type fire extinguishing composition |
| WO2019054861A1 (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-03-21 | Technische Universiteit Delft | Fire extinguishing solution |
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