CN114271070A

CN114271070A - Tooth type double-disc side-opening type hill-drop planter

Info

Publication number: CN114271070A
Application number: CN202111666418.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李俊伟; 蔡一全; 马金虎; 胡斌; 毛自斌; 孙胜; 罗昕; 解彦宇; 徐洛川; 袁成林; 蔡会
Original assignee: Shihezi University
Current assignee: Shihezi University
Priority date: 2021-12-31
Filing date: 2021-12-31
Publication date: 2022-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-31
Also published as: CN114271070B

Abstract

The invention discloses a tooth-shaped double-disc side-opening type dibbler, which comprises a dibbler shell and a dibbler, wherein the dibbler shell is fixed on a V-shaped shaft, the dibbler is connected on the V-shaped shaft through a bearing, a retaining ring is fixedly connected with the dibbler shell through a groove and a bolt, a seed guide device is fixed on the dibbler, and a seed discharging disc is fixed on the dibbler. The invention avoids the problem that the duckbilled dibbler has high hole rate in the high-speed sowing process: the dibbler adopts a tooth-shaped double-disc side-opening type dibbler, so that the problem that the seeds cannot leave the duckbilled cavity as long as the duckbilled dibbler rotates at an overlarge linear speed is solved; meanwhile, the spring return is not adopted, so that the problem that the movable duckbill can not be completely returned and closed after leaving the hole to cause seed leakage to the surface of the mulching film under the high-speed operation state is solved. The dibbler has the advantages of simple structure, no elastic element, high operation reliability and few faults, improves the accurate dibbling performance of the dibbler in high-speed operation, and reduces the hole rate.

Description

Tooth type double-disc side-opening type hill-drop planter

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a toothed double-disc side-opening type hill planter.

Background

The dibbler is an organic combination of a precision seed sowing device, a seed guiding device and a hole forming device, and the working performance of the dibbler directly influences the dibbling precision and efficiency on the film. Due to the advantages of simple structure, good matching, low energy consumption, convenient use and the like, the duckbilled hill planter has become the first choice for implementing the on-film precision hill planting technology in arid and semiarid regions, but when the hill planter works at high speed (the speed is increased to more than 4.0 km/h), the hole rate is obviously improved, and the main reasons are two points: firstly, in the seeding process of the duckbilled dibbler, seeds entering the seed guide device to the bottom of a duckbill are driven to leave a hole and be driven back to a duckbilled cavity (the seeds enter the hole but are driven out of the hole) by a dynamic pressure nozzle rotating at a high speed before entering the soil, so that a cavity is formed; secondly, the seeds slide out from the bottoms of the duckbills which are not returned and closed (the movable duckbills return by the springs) under the action of gravity, centrifugal force and the like, and fall on the surface of the mulching film (the seeds do not enter the holes and cannot be precisely introduced into the holes), so that cavities are formed. The high seed throwing hole rate of the hill planter based on the duckbilled hole forming method and mechanism during high-speed operation is a technical bottleneck for restricting the application and popularization of high-speed precise hill planting technology on membranes in arid and semiarid regions, the high seeding qualification rate is achieved only in a low-speed state, and the seeding efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the working efficiency of the hill planter and reduce the seed feeding void ratio of the hill planter during high-speed operation, the invention provides the tooth-shaped double-disc side-opening hill planter, which avoids the problem of seed leakage caused by the fact that seeds cannot leave the duckbill cavity due to overlarge speed of a rotation line of the hill planter and the problem that the seeds leak to the surface of a mulching film due to the fact that the duckbill cannot be completely returned and closed after leaving a hole due to the fact that the movable pressure nozzle is actuated due to overlarge speed of the rotation line when the duckbill-shaped hill planter elastically returns.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the dibbler casing is wedge-shaped, a partition board is arranged in the dibbler casing, the inside of the dibbler casing is divided into a seed inlet cavity and a seed filling cavity, the upper part of the seed inlet cavity is provided with a round hole and is connected with a seed inlet pipe, the upper part of the seed filling cavity is connected with a fixed plate, the dibbler casing is fixedly connected on a V-shaped shaft, the dibbler is a tooth-shaped double-disc side-open type dibbler which is divided into a left cutter disc and a right cutter disc, isosceles trapezoid-shaped teeth are uniformly distributed on the left cutter disc and the right cutter disc, the lower bottom edge (short edge) of the trapezoid is provided with a cutting edge, an isosceles triangle-shaped mud guard is arranged on the waist of the trapezoid, the mud guard has a certain angle with the tooth surface, one waist of the isosceles triangle is superposed with one waist of the isosceles trapezoid, the other waist of the isosceles triangle is provided with a cutting edge, the left cutter disc and the right cutter disc are symmetrically arranged on the V-shaped shaft in a V-shaped manner, when the dibbler is closed, namely, the upper bottom edges of the isosceles trapezoids of the left cutter disc and the right cutter disc are superposed, two tooth surfaces and the two mud guard surfaces form a closed cavity, and the cavity sectional area is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the hole forming device is movably connected to the V-shaped shaft through a bearing, and is prevented from axially moving through a positioning pin and a shaft shoulder on the V-shaped shaft, the seed discharging disc is fixed on the seed guiding device through a bolt, the seed guiding device formed by a plurality of radially arranged seed guiding pipes is fixed on a right cutter head of the hole forming device through a bolt, a baffle ring is arranged between the seed discharging disc-shaped hole and a seed inlet of the seed guiding device, the baffle ring is fixedly connected with a hole sowing device shell through a groove and a bolt, and a seed feeding hole is formed in the baffle ring, so that seeds in the seed discharging disc-shaped hole pass through the seed feeding hole and then enter the seed guiding device through the seed feeding hole.

The invention adopts the tooth-shaped double-disc side-opening type hole forming device as the hole forming device, greatly improves the accurate seeding performance of the hole sowing device under high-speed operation, reduces the hole rate, and has the advantages of simple structure, no elastic element, high operation reliability and few faults.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a dual disc side opening dibbler of the tooth type;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a toothed double-disc side-opening hill planter;

FIG. 3 is a C-direction view of the toothed double-disc side-opening hill planter;

FIG. 4 is a stepped cross-sectional view A-A of the dual disc side opening dibbler of the tooth type;

FIG. 5 is a B-B stepped cross-sectional view of a dual disc side opening dibbler of the tooth type;

fig. 6 is a hole pricking and seed throwing principle diagram of the tooth-shaped double-disc side-opening type hill planter.

Description of part numbers in the figures: 1-pin, 2-bearing, 3-hole forming device left cutter head, 4-seed inlet pipe, 5-hole forming device shell, 6-fixing plate, 7-V-shaped shaft, 8-seed discharging plate, 9-retaining ring, 10-seed guiding device, 11-hole forming device right cutter head, 12-partition plate 13-shaped hole, 14-seed feeding hole, 15-seed inlet hole, 16-tooth, 17-cutting edge, 18-mudguard and 19-cutting edge.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments.

The inventive embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings (1-6). The dibbler casing (5) is wedge-shaped, a partition plate (12) is arranged in the dibbler casing, the inside of the casing is divided into a seed feeding cavity and a seed filling cavity, the upper part of the seed feeding cavity is provided with a round hole and is connected with a seed feeding pipe (4), the upper part of the seed filling cavity is connected with a fixing plate (6), the dibbler casing (5) is fixedly connected on a V-shaped shaft (7), the dibbler is a tooth-shaped double-disc side-opening type dibbler which is divided into a left cutter disc (3) and a right cutter disc (11), isosceles trapezoid-shaped teeth (16) are uniformly distributed on the left cutter disc and the right cutter disc, a cutting edge (17) is arranged on the lower bottom edge (short edge) of the trapezoid, an isosceles triangle-shaped fender (18) is arranged on the trapezoid waist, the fender (18) has a certain angle with the tooth surface, one waist of the isosceles triangle is superposed with one waist of the isosceles trapezoid, the other waist of the isosceles triangle is provided with a cutting edge (19), the left cutter disc (3) and the right cutter disc (11) are symmetrically arranged on the V-shaped shaft (7) in a V shape, when the hole forming device is closed, namely the upper bottom edges of isosceles trapezoids of the left and right toothed cutter heads are superposed, two tooth surfaces and two mud blocking plate surfaces can form a closed cavity, the sectional area of the cavity is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the hole forming device is movably connected on a V-shaped shaft (7) through a bearing (2), and is prevented from axially moving through a positioning pin (1) and a shaft shoulder on the V-shaped shaft (7), a seed discharging plate (8) is fixed on a seed guiding device (10) through bolts, a seed guiding device (10) formed by a plurality of radially arranged seed guiding pipes is fixed on a right cutter head (11) of the hole forming device through bolts, a seed blocking ring (9) is arranged between a seed discharging plate hole (13) and a seed inlet (15) of the seed guiding device, the seed blocking ring (9) is fixedly connected with a hole sowing device shell (5) through a groove and bolts, and a seed throwing hole (14) is formed on the seed blocking ring (9), so that the seeds in the seed-metering disc-shaped hole (13) pass through the seed-feeding hole (14), then pass through the seed-inlet hole (15) and finally enter the seed-guiding device (10).

As shown in the attached figure 6, during field operation, the dibbler is fixedly connected to a frame of the seeder through a fixing plate (6), under the traction of the seeder, a left cutter head (3) and a right cutter head (11) of the tooth-shaped double-disc dibbler of the dibbler are inserted into soil in a closed state (such as an alpha state in the figure 6), roll and advance under the action of soil resistance, and along with the increase of the soil penetration depth, the left cutter head (3) and the right cutter head (11) are gradually opened in a lateral direction (such as a beta state in the figure 6), mulching films and soil are pushed to two sides, trapezoidal holes with equal intervals are finally formed, seeds fall into the holes (such as a gamma state in the figure 6), and one seed throwing process is completed. Because the hole pricking mode of the hole forming device does not depend on spring return, the situation that a movable duckbill cannot be closed in time does not exist, and the left and right cutter head cavities of the hole forming device are completely opened when seeds are thrown under the cavity, the interference with the seeds cannot be generated in the high-speed rotation direction of the hole sowing device, the seeds cannot be brought out of hole holes, and therefore the hole forming device has good high-speed seed throwing performance.

Claims

1. A tooth-shaped double-disc side-opening type hill-drop planter comprises a hill-drop planter shell (5), a left tool pan (3) and a right tool pan (11) of the hill-drop planter, and is characterized in that the hill-drop planter shell is fixedly connected to a V-shaped shaft (7), the hill-drop planter is movably connected to the V-shaped shaft (7) through a bearing (2), and is prevented from moving axially through shaft shoulders on a positioning pin (1) and the V-shaped shaft (7), a seed-metering disc (8) is fixed on a seed-guiding device (10) through bolts, a seed-guiding device (10) formed by a plurality of radially-arranged seed-guiding pipes is fixed on a right tool pan (11) of the hill-drop planter through bolts, a baffle ring (9) is arranged between a seed-metering disc-shaped hole (13) and a seed-guiding device seed inlet (15), the baffle ring (9) is fixedly connected with the hill-drop planter shell (5) through a groove and a bolt, a seed-throwing hole (14) is formed in the baffle ring (9), so that the seeds in the seed-metering disc-shaped hole (13) pass through the seed-feeding hole (14), then pass through the seed-inlet hole (15) and finally enter the seed-guiding device (10).

2. The toothed dual disk side opening hill planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cavitation device is a tooth-shaped double-disc side-opening cavitation device, which is divided into a left cutter head (3) and a right cutter head (11), wherein teeth (16) in an isosceles trapezoid shape are uniformly distributed on the left and right cutter heads, a cutting edge (17) is formed on a trapezoidal lower bottom edge (short edge), a fender (18) in an isosceles triangle shape is arranged on a trapezoidal waist, the fender and a tooth surface have a certain angle, one waist of the isosceles triangle coincides with one waist of the isosceles trapezoid, a cutting edge (19) is formed on the other waist of the isosceles triangle, the left cutter head (3) and the right cutter head (11) are symmetrically arranged on a V-shaped shaft (7) in a V-shaped manner, when the cavitation device is closed, namely when the bottom edges of the isosceles trapezoids of the left and right two tooth-shaped cutter heads coincide, two tooth surfaces and two fender mud surfaces can form a closed cavity, and the sectional area of the cavity is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

3. The toothed dual disk side opening hill planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dibbler casing is wedge-shaped, and its inside has baffle (12), divides into kind chamber and fills kind chamber with the casing is inside, advances kind chamber upper portion to open the round hole and connects with advance kind pipe (4), fills kind chamber upper portion and connects fixed plate (6).