CN114269110A

CN114269110A - Separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery

Info

Publication number: CN114269110A
Application number: CN202111458396.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄博; 苏磊; 赵茂龙; 华陈前; 黄青海
Original assignee: Nanjing Tech University
Current assignee: Nanjing Tech University
Priority date: 2021-12-01
Filing date: 2021-12-01
Publication date: 2022-04-01
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-01
Also published as: CN114269110B

Abstract

The invention provides a separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery, which consists of a separated pulsating heat pipe evaporation section, a pulsating heat pipe condensation section, a thermal power conversion device, a pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline, a pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline and a one-way valve; the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section is tightly attached to an electronic component needing heat dissipation, other components are placed outside the space where the electronic component is located, and the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section in the small space is connected with the condensation section outside the space through two heat insulation pipes. The invention simplifies the connecting pipelines of the inlet and the outlet, is convenient for the sealing of small space and the long-distance transportation of heat dissipation capacity, and the flexible arrangement and installation of cold end parts, and can also recycle and utilize the heat dissipation capacity.

Description

Separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of high heat flow density heat dissipation and heat recycling of electronic elements, in particular to a separated type pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recycling.

Background

In the 21 st century, electronic components become an indispensable important part in modern industrial production and people's life. With the development of electronic devices toward high performance, integration and miniaturization, the problem of heat dissipation of high heat flux density electronic components in limited space is increasingly prominent, and needs to be solved urgently. Particularly in the fields of national defense and military industry, aerospace and the like, due to the development of the spacecraft, the power of each electronic device in the spacecraft is continuously increased, the performance of the electronic components is adversely affected by high-temperature heat accumulation, and the flight stability and safety of the spacecraft are seriously damaged, so that the requirements on heat dissipation equipment and technology for efficiently dissipating heat of the electronic components in a small space and ensuring the density, the shock resistance and the installation convenience of the equipment are stronger.

The pulsating heat pipe is firstly proposed in the nineties of the last century, is an efficient small-scale heat transfer element with the inner diameter of only 3-5mm, has a simple structure and extremely high heat transfer performance and practical application value. The working principle is as follows: the volume of the working medium is expanded in the tube after the evaporation section is heated to generate bubbles, the bubbles and the working medium liquid column form vapor-liquid plug-shaped flow at intervals, the vapor-liquid plug contracts or breaks at the condensation section, so that a large pressure difference is formed between the cold end and the hot end, the vapor-liquid two-phase working medium generates strong reciprocating oscillation or cyclic motion under the action of the pressure difference and the gravity pressure difference in the adjacent tube, when the heating power is high enough, unidirectional cyclic pulsation is formed in the tube, and efficient heat transfer is realized under the condition of small thermal resistance. At the moment, a small temperature difference and a relatively large pressure difference are formed between the cold and hot sections of the pulsating heat pipe, but the pressure drop process of the heat insulation section is similar to a heat insulation throttling process because the heat insulation section of the pulsating heat pipe is an equal-diameter capillary tube, the energy quality of the working medium is greatly reduced due to the fire loss in the process, and the pressure difference in the pulsating heat pipe is not well utilized. In addition, a plurality of heat insulation connecting pipelines are arranged between the evaporation section and the condensation section of the traditional loop pulsating heat pipe, if the traditional loop pulsating heat pipe is installed in a small space and the separation of the cold end and the hot end is to be realized, a plurality of connecting parts are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the device, the difficulty of installation and manufacture is increased, the flexible arrangement of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the pulsating heat pipe is not facilitated, and the application is greatly limited, so that a separated pulsating heat pipe structure is provided, the heat transfer performance of the separated pulsating heat pipe structure is greatly researched, and the advantages are obvious.

At present, passive cooling and active cooling methods are mainly used for heat dissipation and cooling of electronic components, wherein passive cooling such as liquid cooling, air cooling and the like has many components and complex systems on one hand, and on the other hand, the heat dissipation capability is limited, so that the heat dissipation method is generally only suitable for heat dissipation of electronic components with low heat flux density. Active cooling includes heat pipe cooling, microchannel cooling, micro-jet cooling, etc., which consumes more energy, and most of the heat dissipation heat is directly discharged to the external environment through heat exchange, thereby failing to realize energy recycling and quality improvement of energy recycling.

Disclosure of Invention

A large number of electronic elements are limited by limited installation space and heat exchange conditions, and heat dissipation with high heat flow density is generated during work and needs to be discharged. The invention takes a small-space high-heat-flow-density heat-dissipation electronic component as a heat source, utilizes the characteristics of small size, excellent heat conduction performance, no need of consuming extra power and the like of the pulsating heat pipe, combines the separated pulsating heat pipe to simplify a connecting pipeline, strengthens the remote transmission of heat, and simultaneously utilizes the internal temperature difference and the pressure difference of the pulsating heat pipe. The invention aims to solve the problem of high heat flow density heat dissipation generated by electronic components in a small space, and designs a separated pulsating heat pipe heat transmission and power output device for recovering high heat flow density heat in the small space.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery is characterized by comprising a separated loop pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, a pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2, a thermal power conversion device 3, a pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline 4, a pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline 5 and a one-way valve 6; the evaporation section 1 and the condensation section 2 of the separated pulsating heat pipe are both formed by small-size snake-shaped flat pipes, and a circulation loop is formed by connecting the thermal power conversion device 3 with a thermal insulation spray pipe 21 and the heat insulation return pipeline 5 of the pulsating heat pipe with the one-way valve 6 in series between the two; the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2 is arranged at the upper part or obliquely upper part of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, and the heat-insulating spray pipe 21 is positioned at the outlet of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 and is arranged at the inlet part of the thermal power conversion device 3; the one-way valve 6 is arranged in the middle of the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline 5; the heat insulation spray pipe 21, the thermal power conversion device 3, the heat insulation return pipeline 5 of the pulsating heat pipe and the one-way valve 6 are used as heat insulation parts of the separated pulsating heat pipe, and heat insulation materials 11 are additionally arranged on the outer wall surfaces of the heat insulation spray pipe, the thermal power conversion device and the pulsating heat pipe;

the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 is used for absorbing heat from a working medium from an element 9, and the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2 is used for releasing heat from the working medium to a cold source or a heat user, so that the heat is recycled and utilized;

the thermal power conversion device 3 comprises a turbine cavity 13, a turbine bottom shell 14, a turbine with a shaft 15, a turbine top cover 16 and an external fan 17, and the thermal power conversion device 3 is used for converting part of heat obtained from the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 into mechanical energy to be output and utilized in the form of shaft work;

the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline 5 is used for ensuring that the oscillating motion direction of the heat pipe working medium in the pipe is that a vapor-liquid plug-shaped flow working medium sequentially passes through the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline 4, the thermal power conversion device 3, the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2 and the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline 5 to flow back to the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, and unidirectional circulation pulsation is completed.

The turbine cavity 13 and the turbine bottom shell 14 are barrel-shaped, the side of the turbine cavity 13 is provided with the heat insulation spray pipe 21, the side of the turbine bottom shell 14 is provided with an output pipe 25, the turbine cavity 13, the turbine bottom shell 14 and the turbine top cover 16 are connected to form a shell of the thermal power conversion device 3, the turbine 15 with the shaft is arranged in the middle of the shell of the thermal power conversion device, and the external fan 17 is connected with the turbine 15 with the shaft outside the shell of the thermal power conversion device; the turbine cavity 13 is embedded in the turbine bottom shell 14, and the turbine cavity 13 is tightly connected with the turbine bottom shell 14 through a bolt 24 and a nut 18 on the bottom surface of the turbine cavity; the turbine 15 with the shaft is fixed in the middle of the thermal conversion device 3 through a connecting bearing 20, and the external fan 17 is connected to the top end of the rotating shaft of the turbine.

The pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 is arranged at the lower part of the whole heat conduction device and is installed in a small space where the component 9 is located, the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 is composed of a plurality of snakelike flat pipes made of metal materials, specifically red copper, specifically a mode that two pipes are arranged side by side, the width of each flat pipe is 4-6mm, the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 is adhered to the temperature-equalizing heat-conducting plate 10 through ultrathin high-heat-conductivity silica gel 12, and the other side of the temperature-equalizing heat-conducting plate 10 is tightly adhered to the heating component 9 through the ultrathin high-heat-conductivity silica gel 12; the ultrathin high-thermal-conductivity silica gel 12 has excellent thermal conductivity, good adhesion to various metal and non-metal materials, no corrosion to the materials and long-term use in a working temperature range; the two ends of the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe are divided into an inlet and an outlet along the flowing direction of the working medium, the pipelines at the two ends are gradually-changed pipelines from flat pipes to round pipes, the inflow end of the working medium is the inlet of the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe, and the inlet of the evaporation section is connected with the heat-insulation return pipeline 5 of the pulsating heat pipe; the working medium outflow end is an outlet of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, the outlet of the evaporation section is connected with the heat insulation spray pipe 21, and the tight sealing of the connection part is ensured; the substrate material of the uniform temperature heat conduction plate 10 is copper, a graphene thin layer with a single-layer atomic layer structure is arranged on the surface of the smooth substrate, and the thickness of the graphene thin layer is less than 1 nm. The copper substrate has excellent longitudinal heat conduction performance, and the graphene temperature-equalizing film has excellent transverse heat conduction performance and a heat conduction coefficient of 3000-5000K/m.K. And the surface area of the temperature equalizing plate can be larger than that of the heat source. Because the surface area of the electronic element is small, and the local heat flux density is high, the temperature-equalizing heat-conducting plate 10 can evenly distribute the local high-temperature heat of the electronic element 9 on the temperature-equalizing plate with a large surface area, and the laying area of the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe is increased.

The pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2 is formed by a small-size snake-shaped bent round pipe made of a metal material, is specifically red copper, has the pipe diameter of 3-5mm, is specifically formed by a plurality of pipelines in parallel, and has the same number as the number of the pipelines in parallel in the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1; the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2 is arranged above or obliquely above the whole heat conduction device; the liquid filling valve is arranged at the position of the 2-elbow of the condensation section of the pulsating heat pipe, the temperature of the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe is high, and the interface is easy to age due to long-time work of the liquid filling valve in a high-temperature environment, so that the sealing effect is influenced. Before installation, the heat pipe is vacuumized through a liquid filling valve and is filled with part of working medium;

preferably, the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2 is composed of two parallel heat pipes, and is provided with two liquid filling valves, namely a liquid filling valve I7 and a liquid filling valve II 8. The two ends of the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2 are divided into an inlet and an outlet along the working medium flowing direction, specifically, the working medium flowing end is the inlet of the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2, and the inlet of the condensation section is connected with the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline 4; the working medium outflow end is an outlet of the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2, and an outlet of the condensation section is connected with the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline 5.

The pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline 4 is a connecting pipeline among the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, the thermal power conversion device 3 and the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2; the pulsating heat pipe heat-insulation return pipeline 5 is arranged in the middle of a pulsating heat pipe loop and is connected with the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2 and the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, the pulsating heat pipe heat-insulation connecting pipeline 4 and the pulsating heat pipe heat-insulation return pipeline 5 are both composed of a plurality of equal-diameter capillaries, the number of the equal-diameter capillaries is consistent with that of parallel pipelines of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, and the pipelines are wrapped with the heat-insulation material 11; the heat insulation material (11) is made of glass fiber heat insulation cotton, and wraps the outer walls of the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline 4, the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline 5 and the thermal power conversion device 3, so that heat loss is avoided.

The check valve 6 is a straight-through check valve and is arranged in the middle of the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline 5, the joint of the connecting parts is completely sealed, and the outer surface of the check valve 6 is wrapped by the heat insulation material 11.

The heat insulation spray pipe 21 is an input pipe on the side surface of the turbine cavity 13 and belongs to one part of the cavity; an equal-diameter pipeline with the length of 2-3mm is reserved at the joint of the inlet of the heat-insulating spray pipe 21 and is connected with the outlet of the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe, the inner diameter of the heat-insulating spray pipe 21 is gradually reduced from the inlet to the outlet, and the tip angle of the spray pipe is between 10 and 12 degrees; the outlet of the heat insulation spray pipe 21 is directly connected with the inlet of the turbine cavity 13, and the flow velocity of the working medium is improved by using the spray pipe.

The whole turbine cavity 13 is a cylindrical shell, the outer diameter is 38-44mm, the height is 15-18mm, the wall thickness is 3-5mm, and the outer surface of the upper end of the turbine cavity is provided with a connecting thread; a working medium inlet circular hole with the diameter of 1-3mm is formed in the inner side surface of the turbine cavity 13, the circular hole is connected with the outlet of the heat insulation spray pipe 21, and an arc-shaped runner port 23 is formed in the side surface cavity by the circular hole; a circular groove is formed in the center of the inner bottom surface of the turbine cavity 13, a cavity bottom surface stud 24 is arranged on the outer side wall of the protruding part of the circular groove of the lower bottom surface, a bearing is firmly installed in the circular groove 22 of the center of the bottom surface of the cavity, and the cavity bottom surface stud 24 is connected with a nut 18; the turbine cavity 13 is wrapped by the heat insulation material 11;

the turbine bottom shell 14 is a cylindrical shell with a bottom plate, the turbine cavity 13 is sleeved into the turbine bottom shell 14 from top to bottom, and the lower bottom surface of the turbine cavity 13 is attached to the inner surface of the turbine bottom shell 14; a bottom shell bottom surface central circular hole 27 is a hole for extending the cavity bottom surface stud 24, a bottom shell arc-shaped through hole 26 is formed in one side of the turbine bottom shell 14, and the heat insulation spray pipe 21 is arranged at the bottom shell arc-shaped through hole 26; the arc-shaped through opening 26 of the bottom shell seals the arc-shaped channel opening 23 of the cavity body on the side wall surface, a working medium outlet circular hole is formed in the middle of the part of the wall surface, the circular hole is connected with the output pipe 25 of the outer wall surface, and the number of the circular holes is consistent with that of the heat insulation connecting pipelines 4 and used for flowing out working media; the turbine cavity 13 can horizontally rotate in the turbine bottom shell 14 to adjust the relative angle of the working medium inlet and outlet of the thermal conversion device 3, and the adjustment range of the angle is 75-120 degrees;

the rotating shaft of the turbine 15 with a shaft is a two-stage stepped shaft, the upper section is a thin-diameter shaft rod 32, the diameter of the thin-diameter shaft rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the T-shaped sealing ring 19, the lower section is a thick-diameter shaft rod 31, the diameter of the thick-diameter shaft rod is the same as the inner diameter of the bearing 20, and the thin-diameter shaft rod 32 is longer than the thick-diameter shaft rod 31, so that the thin-diameter shaft rod can extend out of the thermal conversion device; the turbine blade 33 is a rectangular blade, and in the thermal conversion device 3, the turbine blade 33 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the turbine cavity 13. The radial equal angle distribution is arranged around the middle part of the shaft rod 31 with the large diameter, the length is less than the radius of the turbine cavity 13, and the number is 8 to 11; the lower end of the large-diameter shaft rod 31 is inserted into the bearing 20 arranged at the center circular groove 22 of the bottom surface of the turbine cavity, so that the surface of the bearing 20 and the bottom surface of the inner bore of the turbine cavity 13 are ensured to be not contacted, the friction force during the rotation of the turbine with the shaft is reduced, the upper end of the large-diameter shaft rod 31 is inserted into the bearing 20 arranged at the center large hole 29 of the top cover, and the turbine blade 33 is not contacted with the turbine top cover 16 and the inner wall surface of the turbine cavity 13 and keeps a distance; the shaft head of the thin-diameter shaft rod 32 penetrates through the bearing 20 and the T-shaped sealing ring 19 which are arranged in the central large hole 29 of the top cover, and is tightly and fixedly connected with the external fan 17; the turbine 15 with the shaft is made of a hard material which can resist the temperature of 250 ℃, and the specific material is not limited;

the turbine top cover 16 is placed on the turbine cavity 13, and is 8-10mm in thickness and 40-46mm in diameter; the center of the top cover is provided with two stages of stepped cylindrical holes, a small top cover center hole 28 is arranged above the stepped cylindrical holes, and the inner diameter of the small top cover center hole is equal to the diameter of the upper protruding section of the T-shaped sealing ring 19; the lower part is a central large hole 29 of the top cover, the diameter of the central large hole is equal to the outer diameter of the bearing 20, and the height of the central large hole of the top cover is the sum of the thickness of the bearing 20 arranged in the top cover and the thickness of the bottom surface of the T-shaped sealing ring 19; a circular top cover channel 30 is formed at the position close to the outer edge of the turbine top cover 16, a thread structure is carved on the outer wall surface of the circular top cover channel 30, the raised section at the upper end of the T-shaped sealing ring 19 is inserted into the small center hole 28 of the top cover, and the surfaces are tightly attached; the bearing 20 is arranged in the central large hole 29 of the top cover and below the T-shaped sealing ring 19;

the T-shaped sealing ring 19 is a flexible graphite sealing ring, the diameter of the bottom surface of the T-shaped sealing ring is equal to the diameter of the top cover central small hole 28, the size of the T-shaped sealing ring is 8-12mm, and the inner diameter of the T-shaped sealing ring 19 is larger than the diameter of the thin-diameter shaft rod 32, and the size of the T-shaped sealing ring is 2-4 mm; the flexible graphite sealing ring is high temperature resistant, has excellent sealing performance, and is suitable for most working media except strong oxidizing acid.

The bearings 20 are anti-vibration sealing bearings which are same in size, 8-12mm in outer diameter, 3-5mm in inner diameter and 3-5mm in height, one is arranged in a central circular groove 22 in the bottom surface of the cavity, and the other is arranged in a central large hole 29 in the top cover of the turbine, and all the anti-vibration sealing bearings can bear the working temperature of the device; the external fan 17 is fixed on the top end shaft head of the turbine rotating shaft, is a conventional small fan and has no special requirement.

The transmission principle of the separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device is as follows: the ultra-thin high thermal conductivity silica gel 12 is used for adhering the uniform temperature heat conduction plate 10 to the surface of a heat dissipation element, the high thermal conductivity of the uniform temperature heat conduction plate 10 enables the heat dissipation capacity of a heat source to be uniformly distributed on the surface of the uniform temperature heat conduction plate, the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 adopts a flat pipe to increase the contact area with the uniform temperature plate, the ultra-thin high thermal conductivity silica gel 12 is adhered to the other side of the uniform temperature heat conduction plate 10, the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 is covered with the heat insulation material 11, and the heat absorbed by the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 is enabled to be completely transferred to the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2; the working medium is heated by a medium-low temperature heat source at the evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe and then rapidly expands and boosts the pressure, the working medium is vaporized to form bubbles distributed at intervals, the formed bubbles are reduced in size or broken at the condensation section 2 of the pulsating heat pipe, the heat transfer from the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe to the condensation section 2 of the pulsating heat pipe is completed, and the check valve 6 arranged on the heat-insulating return pipeline 5 of the pulsating heat pipe enables the working medium to flow in the whole pulsating heat pipe loop in a constant one-way circulation manner; because the two ends of the heat insulation section have temperature difference and pressure difference, the working medium is a heat insulation decompression and expansion vaporization process when flowing through the heat insulation section, in the flowing process of the heat insulation section, part of enthalpy of the working medium is converted into kinetic energy under the action of the pressure difference, but the actual thermodynamic conversion efficiency of the part is lower; working medium enters the thermal power conversion device from the heat insulation spray pipe 21 to drive the turbine 15 with the shaft, then leaves the thermal power conversion device 3 from an output pipe 25 and flows into the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline 4; the turbine 15 with the shaft is a core component for converting the kinetic energy of the working medium into mechanical energy, after the gas-liquid plug-shaped flow working medium enters the thermal conversion device 3 from the input pipe, the turbine blade 33 is driven to rotate and the rotating shaft of the turbine is driven to rotate, the mechanical energy converted from partial kinetic energy of the working medium is output in a shaft work mode, and therefore the external fan 17 is driven to rotate, and energy conversion and quality improvement are completed; the vapor-liquid plug-shaped flow working medium completes heat exchange with the outside at the condensation section 2 of the pulsating heat pipe; the efficiency of converting the enthalpy of the working medium into kinetic energy can be effectively improved through the structure of the heat insulation spray pipe 21, the flow velocity of the working medium is greatly improved, the accelerated working medium enters the thermal conversion device 3, the turbine 15 with the shaft is driven by the working medium flowing in one direction to rotate and output shaft power outwards, and the fan is driven to work to complete power output; the working medium after acting keeps a gas-liquid two-phase state, the output pipe returns to the return pipeline 5 of the heat insulation section of the pulsating heat pipe again, and finally returns to the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe, and single circulation flow is completed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention takes high heat flux density heat dissipation generated by electronic elements in a limited space as a heat source, simplifies the structure of the pulsating heat pipe by designing the combination of the separated pulsating heat pipe and the thermal power conversion device, leads the arrangement of the condensation section to be more flexible, is convenient for transferring heat in a long distance and high efficiency, and can operate without consuming extra energy. The thermal power conversion device converts part of enthalpy of the working medium into kinetic energy when the separated pulsating heat pipe works, and improves the utilization rate of pressure difference inside the pulsating heat pipe through the spray pipe, thereby further improving the kinetic energy of the working medium. In the thermal power conversion device, the working medium drives the turbine rotating shaft to convert kinetic energy into shaft power, and finally mechanical energy or electric energy is conveyed outwards to realize high-quality utilization of energy. The heat discharged by the working medium in the condensing section can be recycled and applied to flexible heat utilization requirements of aircrafts or heat utilization users at other parts, such as heating water and the like.

The invention can strengthen the heat transfer in the pulsating heat pipe, improve the working performance of the pulsating heat pipe and improve the utilization quality of energy; the device can stably recycle and discharge the high-heat-flow-density waste heat of the electronic components, has the characteristics of strong heat dissipation capacity, flexible and convenient use, small occupied space and the like, and has wide development and utilization space and prospect.

The invention utilizes the separated loop pulsating heat pipe, separates the evaporation section pipeline from the condensation section pipeline by using two heat insulation section pipelines, simplifies the pipeline arrangement and the structure of the pulsating heat pipe, leads the arrangement of the condensation section to be more flexible and convenient, can lead the heat dissipation of the electronic element out of the working space, and then discharges the heat dissipation heat outside the element, and does not need external power in the whole operation process. The pipeline of the condensation section of the pulsating heat pipe can realize heat dissipation or heat recycling; the evaporation section pipeline distributes local high-temperature heat uniformly and transmits the local high-temperature heat to the evaporation section of the heat pipe by arranging a large-area temperature equalizing plate on a heat source; and the heat insulation connecting pipeline of the device can be made of flexible materials and has the characteristics of shock resistance, flexibility and flexible arrangement.

The device has simple structure and small size, can meet the heat dissipation requirement of high heat flow density of electronic components in a small space, and can recycle the heat emitted by the condensation section so as to meet the requirements of heating water and other flexible heat. Meanwhile, the invention designs the thermal power conversion device which is arranged on the heat insulation section of the pulsating heat pipe and is driven by the pressure difference in the pulsating heat pipe by utilizing the characteristic that the heat insulation section has the temperature difference and the pressure difference under the action of cold and heat sources, can convert partial heat into mechanical energy while realizing the heat dissipation of the electronic components with small space and high heat flow density, and drives the fan to rotate, thereby improving the energy quality. When necessary, the turbine can be connected with small power generation equipment to convert the internal energy into electric energy which can be directly utilized, and the device has good practical value and significance in energy conservation and emission reduction. The device is suitable for realizing high heat flux density heat dissipation and heat conversion recycling of electronic components in a limited space.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic left side cross-sectional view of a split pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power conversion device of the separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a turbine chamber structure of the separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a second schematic view of a turbine chamber structure of the separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a turbine bottom shell structure of the separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a turbine head structure of the separated pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a second schematic view of the turbine head structure of the separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a turbine structure with a shaft of the separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a second schematic view of the turbine structure with shaft of the separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an internal pipeline structure of the separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a pulsating heat pipe evaporation section, 2, a pulsating heat pipe condensation section, 3, a thermal power conversion device, 4, a pulsating heat pipe thermal insulation connecting pipeline, 5, a pulsating heat pipe thermal insulation return pipeline, 6, a one-way valve, 7, a liquid filling valve I, 8, a liquid filling valve II, 9, a component, 10, a uniform temperature heat conducting plate, 11, a thermal insulation material, 12, ultrathin high thermal conductivity silica gel, 13, a turbine cavity, 14, a turbine bottom shell, 15, a turbine with a shaft, 16, a turbine top cover, 17, an external fan, 18, a nut, 19, a T-shaped sealing ring, 20, a bearing, 21, a thermal insulation spray pipe, 22, a cavity bottom surface central circular groove, 23, a cavity circular flow passage opening, 24, a cavity bottom surface stud, 25, an output pipe, 26, a bottom shell arc opening, 27, a bottom shell bottom surface central circular hole, 28, a top cover central small hole, 29, a top cover central large hole, 30, a top cover circular groove, 31 and a thick-diameter shaft rod, 32. a fine diameter shaft 33, turbine blades; m, cold source heat user.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

Examples

The pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 is arranged at the lower part of the whole heat conduction device and is arranged in a small space where the component 9 is positioned, and the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 is composed of a plurality of snake-shaped flat pipes made of metal materials, specifically red copper, and specifically a mode of parallel two pipes;

experimental results show that the parallel structure of the separated pulsating heat pipes can effectively improve the flow of working media in the thermal conversion device 3 and increase the thermal conversion efficiency during working, the width of the flat pipe is 4-6mm, the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe is adhered to a uniform temperature heat conduction plate 10 through ultrathin high thermal conductivity silica gel 12, and the other side of the uniform temperature heat conduction plate 10 is tightly adhered to the heating component 9 through the ultrathin high thermal conductivity silica gel 12; the ultrathin high-thermal-conductivity silica gel 12 has excellent thermal conductivity, good adhesion to various metal and non-metal materials, no corrosion to the materials and long-term use in a working temperature range; the two ends of the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe are divided into an inlet and an outlet along the flowing direction of the working medium, the pipelines at the two ends are gradually-changed pipelines from flat pipes to round pipes, the inflow end of the working medium is the inlet of the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe, and the inlet of the evaporation section is connected with the heat-insulation return pipeline 5 of the pulsating heat pipe; the working medium outflow end is an outlet of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, the outlet of the evaporation section is connected with the heat insulation spray pipe 21, and the tight sealing of the connection part is ensured; the substrate material of the uniform temperature heat conduction plate 10 is copper, a graphene thin layer with a single-layer atomic layer structure is arranged on the surface of the smooth substrate, and the thickness of the graphene thin layer is less than 1 nm. The copper substrate has excellent longitudinal heat conduction performance, and the graphene temperature-equalizing film has excellent transverse heat conduction performance and a heat conduction coefficient of 3000-5000K/m.K. And the surface area of the temperature equalizing plate can be larger than that of the heat source. Because the surface area of the electronic element is small, and the local heat flux density is high, the temperature-equalizing heat-conducting plate 10 can evenly distribute the local high-temperature heat of the electronic element 9 on the temperature-equalizing plate with a large surface area, and the laying area of the evaporation section 1 of the pulsating heat pipe is increased.

In practical use, when the heat dissipation equipment has vibration or the position of the condensation section 2 of the pulsating heat pipe needs to be flexibly adjusted, flexible pipes such as a polyurethane pipe and a silicone tube can be used as the heat insulation connecting pipeline 4 of the pulsating heat pipe, and compared with a metal straight pipe, the flexible pipe has the advantages of good toughness, easiness in bending and vibration resistance; in practical use, when the heat dissipation equipment has vibration or the position of the condensation section 2 of the pulsating heat pipe needs to be flexibly adjusted, flexible pipes such as a polyurethane pipe, a silicone tube and the like can be used as the heat insulation return pipeline 5 of the pulsating heat pipe; the middle section of the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline 5 is provided with a one-way valve 6 which is used for ensuring that the working medium circularly oscillates in the same direction in the pulsating heat pipe and ensuring that the rotation directions of the turbine 15 with the shaft are consistent when the thermal power conversion device 3 works.

the rotating shaft of the turbine 15 with a shaft is a two-stage stepped shaft, the upper section is a thin-diameter shaft rod 32, the diameter of the thin-diameter shaft rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the T-shaped sealing ring 19, the lower section is a thick-diameter shaft rod 31, the diameter of the thick-diameter shaft rod is the same as the inner diameter of the bearing 20, and the thin-diameter shaft rod 32 is longer than the thick-diameter shaft rod 31, so that the thin-diameter shaft rod can extend out of the thermal conversion device; the turbine blade 33 is a rectangular blade, and in the thermal conversion device 3, the turbine blade 33 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the turbine cavity 13.

Experiments show that if the turbine blade and the bottom surface of the turbine cavity have an inclination angle, working media can obtain an upward shearing force, so that the working media impact the top cover of the turbine, a large amount of working media even can not flow out of the thermal conversion device, meanwhile, the rectangular structure fully increases the stress area of the turbine blade, and further increases the shaft work, so that the rotating effect of the turbine 15 with the shaft is obviously better than that of the turbine with other shapes;

the radial equal angle distribution is arranged around the middle part of the shaft rod 31 with the large diameter, the length is less than the radius of the turbine cavity 13, and the number is 8 to 11; the lower end of the large-diameter shaft rod 31 is inserted into the bearing 20 arranged at the center circular groove 22 of the bottom surface of the turbine cavity, so that the surface of the bearing 20 and the bottom surface of the inner bore of the turbine cavity 13 are ensured to be not contacted, the friction force during the rotation of the turbine with the shaft is reduced, the upper end of the large-diameter shaft rod 31 is inserted into the bearing 20 arranged at the center large hole 29 of the top cover, and the turbine blade 33 is not contacted with the turbine top cover 16 and the inner wall surface of the turbine cavity 13 and keeps a distance; the shaft head of the thin-diameter shaft rod 32 penetrates through the bearing 20 and the T-shaped sealing ring 19 which are arranged in the central large hole 29 of the top cover, and is tightly and fixedly connected with the external fan 17; the turbine 15 with the shaft is made of a hard material which can resist the temperature of 250 ℃, and the specific material is not limited;

The specific implementation steps are as follows:

the first step is to combine and connect the components of the thermal power conversion device 3:

firstly, a turbine 15 with a shaft is connected with a turbine cavity 13, a bearing 20 is arranged in a central circular groove 22 on the bottom surface of the cavity, then the lower end of a shaft rod 31 with a large diameter is inserted into the bearing 20 arranged in the central circular groove 22 on the bottom surface of the cavity, and the surface of the lower end of the shaft rod is not contacted with the bottom surface of an inner bore of the turbine cavity 13; then, the turbine cavity 13 and the turbine top cover 16 are connected, the T-shaped sealing ring 19 is arranged in the large hole 29 in the center of the top cover, the bearing 20 is arranged below the T-shaped sealing ring 19, the turbine rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through the bearing 20 and the T-shaped sealing ring 19 and then extends out of the turbine top cover 16, a certain distance is reserved between the shaft head of the extended turbine rotating shaft and the upper surface of the turbine top cover 16, and the turbine top cover 16 is screwed into the turbine cavity 13 through a threaded structure to be tightly connected; connecting a turbine cavity 13 and a turbine bottom shell 14, enabling a stud 24 at the bottom of the turbine cavity to penetrate through a central circular hole 27 in the bottom surface of the bottom shell from top to bottom, sleeving the turbine cavity 13 into the turbine bottom shell 14 from top to bottom, arranging a heat insulation spray pipe 21 at an arc-shaped through hole 26 of the bottom shell, covering a cavity arc-surface flow passage port 23 by a side sealing surface of the turbine bottom shell, and horizontally rotating the turbine cavity 13 or the turbine bottom shell 14 to adjust an included angle between axes of the heat insulation spray pipe 21 and an output pipe 25, namely a relative angle of a working medium inlet and an outlet; and finally, the top end of the turbine shaft rod is connected with an external fan 17 to complete the assembly of the thermal conversion device.

Secondly, as shown in fig. 1, one surface of the uniform temperature heat conducting plate 10 is attached to the surface of the heat dissipation element and is bonded by heat conducting silicone grease; the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 is attached to the other surface of the uniform temperature heat conduction plate 10, is bonded by heat conduction silicone grease, and is covered with a heat insulation material 11 around the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1; the position of the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2 is higher than that of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section, and working media in the pipe quickly fall back by virtue of gravity after being condensed, so that the flow resistance is reduced; according to different process requirements, the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2 can rotate and incline at any angle and is not necessarily positioned on the same plane with the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, so that the space specific requirements of electronic components are met.

Step three, connecting the device:

the device is connected according to the sequence of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, the thermal power conversion device 3, the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline 4, the pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2, the one-way valve 6 and the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline 5, and the sealing of each interface is ensured.

And fourthly, opening a liquid filling valve 17 and a liquid filling valve 28 on the elbow of the condensation section of the pulsating heat pipe, vacuumizing the pulsating heat pipe, and then injecting working media into the pulsating heat pipe through the liquid filling valve 17 and the liquid filling valve 28 and sealing. And finally, coating heat insulating materials outside the pulsating heat pipe heat insulating connecting pipeline 4, the pulsating heat pipe heat insulating return pipeline 5, the thermal power conversion device 3 and the check valve 6, wherein the application scene is shown in fig. 7.

The heat dissipation of electronic components with small space and high heat flux density has become an important factor for restricting the performance. The separated pulsating heat pipe enhances the flexible arrangement performance of the radiator in a small space by separating a cold end from a hot end and simplifying the connection mode of a middle pipe section, does not need external power, only utilizes the pressure difference generated by the self-excited motion in the pulsating heat pipe to efficiently conduct heat out, and realizes heat recovery and high-quality utilization outside. The device is characterized by mainly comprising a separated pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1, a pulsating heat pipe condensation section 2, a thermal power conversion device 3, a pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline 4, a pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline 5 and a one-way valve 6. The pulsating heat pipe evaporation section 1 is tightly attached to an electronic component needing heat dissipation, other parts are placed outside a space where the component 9 is located, the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section in a small space and a condensation section outside the space are connected through two heat insulation pipes, connection pipelines of an inlet and an outlet are simplified, sealing of the small space and remote transportation of heat dissipation capacity are facilitated, the cold end parts are flexibly arranged and installed, and meanwhile the heat dissipation capacity can be recycled and utilized, wherein the thermal conversion device 3 utilizes the pressure difference of working media in the pulsating heat pipe to achieve thermal conversion of working medium energy, drives the shaft turbine 15 to rotate and output shaft power, drives the external fan 17 to operate, or converts kinetic energy into electric energy to be stored. The device provides a better technical scheme and an application device for the heat management and the efficient recycling of the heat dissipation capacity of the small-space high-heat-flux-density electronic component.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the preferred embodiments of the invention and described in the specification are only preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the novel spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device for heat recovery is characterized by comprising a separated loop pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1), a pulsating heat pipe condensation section (2), a thermal power conversion device (3), a pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline (4), a pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline (5) and a one-way valve (6); the separated pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1) and the pulsating heat pipe condensation section (2) are both formed by small-size snake-shaped flat pipes, and a circulation loop is formed by connecting the heat-actuated conversion device (3) with a heat-insulated spray pipe (21) and the pulsating heat pipe heat-insulated return pipeline (5) with the one-way valve (6) in series between the separated pulsating heat pipe evaporation section and the pulsating heat pipe condensation section; the pulsating heat pipe condensation section (2) is arranged at the upper part or the obliquely upper part of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1), and the heat-insulating spray pipe (21) is positioned at the outlet of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1) and is arranged at the inlet part of the thermal power conversion device (3); the one-way valve (6) is arranged in the middle of the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline (5); the heat insulation spray pipe (21), the thermal power conversion device (3), the heat insulation return pipeline (5) of the pulsating heat pipe and the one-way valve (6) are used as heat insulation parts of the separated pulsating heat pipe, and heat insulation materials (11) are additionally arranged on the outer wall surface of the heat insulation spray pipe;

the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1) is used for absorbing heat from a working medium from an element (9), and the pulsating heat pipe condensation section (2) is used for releasing heat from the working medium to a cold source or a heat user, so that the heat is recycled and utilized;

the thermal power conversion device (3) comprises a turbine cavity (13), a turbine bottom shell (14), a turbine (15) with a shaft, a turbine top cover (16) and an external fan (17), and the thermal power conversion device (3) is used for converting part of heat obtained from the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1) into mechanical energy and outputting and utilizing the mechanical energy in the form of shaft work;

the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline (5) is used for ensuring that the oscillating motion direction of the heat pipe working medium in the pipe is that vapor-liquid plug-shaped flow working medium sequentially passes through the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1), the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline (4), the thermal power conversion device (3), the pulsating heat pipe condensation section (2) and the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline (5) and flows back to the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1), and unidirectional circulation pulsation is completed.

2. The split pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery of claim 1, wherein: the turbine cavity (13) and the turbine bottom shell (14) are barrel-shaped, the side face of the turbine cavity (13) is provided with the heat insulation spray pipe (21), the side face of the turbine bottom shell (14) is provided with an output pipe (25), the turbine cavity (13), the turbine bottom shell (14) and the turbine top cover (16) are connected to form a shell of the thermal power conversion device (3), the turbine (15) with the shaft is arranged in the middle of the shell of the thermal power conversion device, and the external fan (17) is connected with the turbine (15) with the shaft outside the shell of the thermal power conversion device; the turbine cavity (13) is embedded in the turbine bottom shell (14), and the turbine cavity (13) is fixedly connected with the turbine bottom shell (14) through a stud (24) and a nut (18) on the bottom surface of the turbine cavity; the turbine (15) with the shaft is fixed in the middle of the thermal power conversion device (3) through a connecting bearing (20), and the external fan (17) is connected to the top end of the rotating shaft of the turbine.

3. The split pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery of claim 1, wherein: the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1) is arranged at the lower part of the whole heat conduction device and is installed in a small space where the component (9) is located, the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1) is composed of a plurality of snakelike flat pipes made of metal materials, the width of each flat pipe is 4-6mm, the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1) is pasted on a uniform temperature heat conduction plate (10) through ultrathin high heat conduction silica gel (12), and the other side of the uniform temperature heat conduction plate (10) is tightly pasted on the heated component (9) through the ultrathin high heat conduction silica gel (12); the two ends of the evaporation section (1) of the pulsating heat pipe are divided into an inlet and an outlet along the flowing direction of the working medium, the pipelines at the two ends are gradual change pipelines from flat pipes to round pipes, the inflow end of the working medium is the inlet of the evaporation section (1) of the pulsating heat pipe, and the inlet of the evaporation section is connected with the heat-insulation backflow pipeline (5) of the pulsating heat pipe; the working medium outflow end is an outlet of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1), the outlet of the evaporation section is connected with the heat-insulating spray pipe (21), and the connection part is ensured to be tightly sealed; the substrate material of the uniform temperature heat conduction plate (10) is copper, a graphene thin layer with a single-layer atomic layer structure is arranged on the surface of the smooth substrate, and the thickness of the graphene thin layer is less than 1 nm.

4. The split pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery of claim 1, wherein: the pulsating heat pipe condensation section (2) is formed by a small-size snake-shaped bent round pipe made of a metal material, the pipe diameter is 3-5mm, specifically, the pipe is formed by a plurality of pipelines in parallel, and the number of the pipelines is consistent with that of the pipelines in parallel in the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1); the pulsating heat pipe condensation section (2) is arranged above or obliquely above the whole heat conduction device; a liquid filling valve is arranged at the elbow of the condensation section (2) of the pulsating heat pipe, the heat pipe is vacuumized through the liquid filling valve and is filled with part of working medium, two ends of the condensation section (2) of the pulsating heat pipe are divided into an inlet and an outlet along the flowing direction of the working medium, specifically, the working medium flowing-in end is the inlet of the condensation section (2) of the pulsating heat pipe, and the inlet of the condensation section is connected with the heat-insulation connecting pipeline (4) of the pulsating heat pipe; the working medium outflow end is an outlet of the pulsating heat pipe condensation section (2), and the outlet of the condensation section is connected with the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline (5).

5. The split pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery of claim 1, wherein: the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline (4) is a connecting pipeline among the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1), the thermal power conversion device (3) and the pulsating heat pipe condensation section (2); the pulsating heat pipe heat-insulation return pipeline (5) is arranged in the middle of a pulsating heat pipe loop and is connected with the pulsating heat pipe condensation section (2) and the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1), the pulsating heat pipe heat-insulation connecting pipeline (4) and the pulsating heat pipe heat-insulation return pipeline (5) are respectively composed of a plurality of equal-diameter capillaries, the number of the equal-diameter capillaries is consistent with that of parallel pipelines of the pulsating heat pipe evaporation section (1), and the heat-insulation material (11) is wrapped outside the pipelines; the heat insulation material (11) is made of glass fiber heat insulation cotton, and wraps the outer walls of the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline (4), the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline (5) and the thermal power conversion device (3) to avoid heat loss.

6. The split pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery of claim 1, wherein: the check valve (6) is a straight-through check valve and is arranged in the middle of the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation return pipeline (5), the joint of the connecting parts is completely sealed, and the outer surface of the check valve (6) is wrapped by the heat insulation material (11).

7. The split pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery of claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation spray pipe (21) is an input pipe on the side surface of the turbine cavity (13) and belongs to one part of the cavity; an equal-diameter pipeline with the length of 2-3mm is reserved at the connection position of the inlet of the heat-insulating spray pipe (21) and is connected with the outlet of the evaporation section (1) of the pulsating heat pipe, the inner diameter of the heat-insulating spray pipe (21) is gradually reduced from the inlet to the outlet, and the tip angle of the spray pipe is 10-12 degrees; the outlet of the heat insulation spray pipe (21) is directly connected with the inlet of the turbine cavity (13).

8. The split pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery of claim 1, wherein: the turbine cavity (13) is integrally a cylindrical shell, the outer diameter is 38-44mm, the height is 15-18mm, the wall thickness is 3-5mm, and the outer surface of the upper end of the turbine cavity is provided with a connecting thread; a working medium inlet round hole with the diameter of 1-3mm is formed in the inner side surface of the turbine cavity (13), the round hole is connected with the outlet of the heat insulation spray pipe (21), and a circular-arc-shaped runner port (23) is formed in the side surface cavity by the round hole; a circular groove is formed in the center of the inner bottom surface of the turbine cavity (13), a cavity bottom surface stud (24) is arranged on the outer side wall of the protruding part of the circular groove of the lower bottom surface, a bearing is firmly installed in the circular groove (22) in the center of the bottom surface of the cavity, and the cavity bottom surface stud (24) is connected with a nut (18); the turbine cavity (13) is wrapped by the heat insulation material (11); the turbine bottom shell (14) is a cylindrical shell with a bottom plate, the turbine cavity (13) is sleeved into the turbine bottom shell (14) from top to bottom, and the lower bottom surface of the turbine cavity (13) is attached to the inner surface of the turbine bottom shell (14); a bottom shell bottom surface center circular hole (27) is a hole for extending the cavity bottom surface stud (24), a bottom shell arc-shaped through hole (26) is formed in one side of the turbine bottom shell (14), and the heat insulation spray pipe (21) is arranged at the bottom shell arc-shaped through hole (26); the arc-shaped through hole (26) of the bottom shell seals the arc-shaped flow channel opening (23) of the cavity body on the side wall surface, a working medium outlet circular hole is formed in the middle of the part of the wall surface, the circular hole is connected with an output pipe (25) on the outer wall surface, and the number of the circular holes is consistent with that of the heat insulation connecting pipelines (4) and used for flowing out working media; the turbine cavity (13) can horizontally rotate in the turbine bottom shell (14) and is used for adjusting the relative angle of a working medium inlet and a working medium outlet of the thermal conversion device (3), and the adjusting range of the angle is 75-120 degrees; the rotating shaft of the turbine (15) with the shaft is a two-stage stepped shaft, the upper section of the turbine is a thin-diameter shaft rod (32) with the diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the T-shaped sealing ring (19), the lower section of the turbine is a thick-diameter shaft rod (31) with the diameter same as the inner diameter of the bearing (20), and the thin-diameter shaft rod (32) is longer than the thick-diameter shaft rod (31); the turbine blades (33) are rectangular blades, are distributed around the middle part of the shaft rod (31) with the large diameter at equal angles along the radial direction, are shorter than the radius of the turbine cavity (13), and are 8-11 in number; the lower end of the large-diameter shaft rod (31) is inserted into the bearing (20) arranged at a central circular groove (22) on the bottom surface of the turbine cavity to ensure that the large-diameter shaft rod is not contacted with the surface of the bearing (20) and the bottom surface of the inner bore of the turbine cavity (13), the upper end of the large-diameter shaft rod (31) is inserted into the bearing (20) arranged at a central large hole (29) of the top cover, and the turbine blades (33) are not contacted with the turbine top cover (16) and the inner wall surface of the turbine cavity (13) to leave a distance; the shaft head of the thin-diameter shaft rod (32) penetrates through the bearing (20) and the T-shaped sealing ring (19) which are arranged in the central large hole (29) of the top cover, and is tightly and fixedly connected with the external fan (17); the turbine (15) with the shaft is made of a hard material which can resist the temperature of 250 ℃, and the specific material is not limited; the turbine top cover (16) is placed above the turbine cavity (13), and has the thickness of 8-10mm and the diameter of 40-46 mm; the center of the top cover is provided with two stages of stepped cylindrical holes, a small top cover center hole (28) is arranged above the stepped cylindrical holes, and the inner diameter of the small top cover center hole is equal to the diameter of the upper protruding section of the T-shaped sealing ring (19); the lower part is a top cover central large hole (29), the diameter of the top cover central large hole is equal to the outer diameter of the bearing (20), and the height of the top cover central large hole is the sum of the thickness of the bearing (20) arranged in the top cover and the thickness of the bottom surface of the T-shaped sealing ring (19); a circular top cover channel (30) is formed at the position close to the outer edge of the turbine top cover (16), a thread structure is carved on the outer wall surface of the circular top cover channel (30), the protruding section of the upper end of the T-shaped sealing ring (19) is inserted into the small center hole (28) of the top cover, and the surfaces of the T-shaped sealing ring and the top cover are tightly attached; the bearing (20) is arranged in the central large hole (29) of the top cover and below the T-shaped sealing ring (19); the T-shaped sealing ring (19) is a flexible graphite sealing ring, the diameter of the bottom surface of the T-shaped sealing ring is equal to that of the top cover central small hole (28), the size of the T-shaped sealing ring is 8-12mm, and the inner diameter of the T-shaped sealing ring (19) is larger than that of the thin-diameter shaft rod (32), and the size of the T-shaped sealing ring is 2-4 mm.

9. The split pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery of claim 8, wherein: the bearings (20) are anti-vibration sealing bearings which are same in size, 8-12mm in outer diameter, 3-5mm in inner diameter and 3-5mm in height, one is arranged in a central circular groove (22) in the bottom surface of the cavity, and the other is arranged in a central large hole (29) in the top cover of the turbine, and are resistant to the working temperature of the device; the external fan (17) is fixed at the top end shaft head of the turbine rotating shaft, is a conventional small fan and has no special requirement.

10. The split pulsating heat pipe transfer device for heat recovery of claim 1, wherein: the transmission principle of the separated pulsating heat pipe transmission device is as follows: the ultra-thin high-thermal-conductivity silica gel (12) is used for adhering the uniform-temperature heat-conducting plate (10) to the surface of a heat-radiating element, the high thermal conductivity of the uniform-temperature heat-conducting plate (10) enables the heat radiating capacity of a heat source to be uniformly distributed on the surface of the uniform-temperature heat-conducting plate, the evaporation section (1) of the pulsating heat pipe adopts a flat pipe to increase the contact area with the uniform-temperature plate, the ultra-thin high-thermal-conductivity silica gel (12) is used for adhering to the other side of the uniform-temperature heat-conducting plate (10), the evaporation section (1) of the pulsating heat pipe is covered with the heat-insulating material (11), and the heat absorbed by the evaporation section (1) of the pulsating heat pipe is enabled to be completely transferred to the condensation section (2) of the pulsating heat pipe; the working medium is heated by a medium-low temperature heat source at the evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe and then rapidly expands and boosts the pressure, the working medium is vaporized to form bubbles distributed at intervals, the formed bubbles are reduced in size or broken at the condensation section (2) of the pulsating heat pipe, the heat transfer from the evaporation section (1) of the pulsating heat pipe to the condensation section (2) of the pulsating heat pipe is completed, and the check valve (6) arranged on the heat-insulating reflux pipeline (5) of the pulsating heat pipe enables the working medium to flow in the whole loop of the pulsating heat pipe in a constant one-way circulation manner; because the two ends of the heat insulation section have temperature difference and pressure difference, the working medium is a heat insulation decompression and expansion vaporization process when flowing through the heat insulation section, in the flowing process of the heat insulation section, part of enthalpy of the working medium is converted into kinetic energy under the action of the pressure difference, but the actual thermodynamic conversion efficiency of the part is lower; working medium enters the thermal power conversion device from the heat insulation spray pipe (21) to drive the turbine (15) with the shaft, then leaves the thermal power conversion device (3) from an output pipe (25) and flows into the pulsating heat pipe heat insulation connecting pipeline (4); the turbine (15) with the shaft is a core component for converting kinetic energy of a working medium into mechanical energy, a gas-liquid plug-shaped flow working medium enters the thermal conversion device (3) from an input pipe and drives the turbine blades (33) to rotate and drive a turbine rotating shaft to rotate, and mechanical energy converted from partial kinetic energy of the working medium is output in a shaft work mode, so that the external fan (17) is driven to rotate, and energy conversion and quality improvement are completed; the vapor-liquid plug-shaped flow working medium completes heat exchange with the outside at the condensation section (2) of the pulsating heat pipe; the efficiency of converting the enthalpy of the working medium into kinetic energy can be effectively improved through the structure of the heat insulation spray pipe (21), the flow speed of the working medium is greatly improved, the accelerated working medium enters the thermal power conversion device (3), the turbine (15) with the shaft is driven by the working medium flowing in one direction to rotate and output shaft power outwards, a fan is driven to work, and power output is completed; the working medium after acting keeps a gas-liquid two-phase state, the output pipe returns to the return pipeline (5) of the heat insulation section of the pulsating heat pipe again, and finally returns to the evaporation section (1) of the pulsating heat pipe to finish single circulation flow.