CN114267939A - Circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on 3dB electric bridge and satellite-borne phased array - Google Patents
Circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on 3dB electric bridge and satellite-borne phased array Download PDFInfo
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- CN114267939A CN114267939A CN202111546309.7A CN202111546309A CN114267939A CN 114267939 A CN114267939 A CN 114267939A CN 202111546309 A CN202111546309 A CN 202111546309A CN 114267939 A CN114267939 A CN 114267939A
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on a 3dB bridge and a satellite-borne phased array, wherein a first metal patch is arranged between a feed layer and a dielectric layer; the feed layer is provided with a 3dB coupling bridge, and the output end of the 3dB coupling bridge is connected with the first metal patch and used for circularly polarizing the input signal and transmitting the circularly polarized signal to the dielectric layer; the dielectric layer is used for widening bit width of the circularly polarized signal and radiating the widened circularly polarized signal outwards; the invention has the advantages that in the required working frequency band, the axial ratio is lower than 3dB, the standing wave is lower than 1.5, the beam width on the working frequency point is larger than 90 degrees, and the low profile is satisfied; the circular polarization is realized by adopting a forced feed mode, and the circular polarization bandwidth is greatly widened by a double-feed mode compared with a common single-feed mode; reduce radiation leakage at the back, and improve the normal gain of the antenna and the gain during large scanning angle scanning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on a 3dB bridge and a satellite-borne phased array.
Background
In recent years, in the field of satellite communication, in order to achieve Effective coverage of a specific region of the earth, improve Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) of a phased array, achieve small adjacent cell interference, put strict requirements on the design of a unit antenna of a satellite-borne phased array antenna, and have great limitations in the aspects of antenna size, bandwidth, axial ratio and the like.
In a certain satellite communication system, the antenna type is limited, and a generally used microstrip antenna easily meets the low-profile characteristic, but the requirements on the beam width and the axial ratio bandwidth width cannot be met for signals transmitted by the antenna, so that certain limitation is brought to the use range.
In view of this, the present application is specifically made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that in the antenna in the prior art, the transmission signal beam width and the axial ratio bandwidth can not meet the requirements under the condition that the microstrip antenna meets the low-profile characteristic, and aims to provide a circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna and a satellite-borne phased array based on a 3dB bridge, so that the microstrip antenna can realize the wide beam, the wide axial ratio bandwidth and the low-profile characteristic in a working frequency band.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on a 3dB bridge comprises a feed layer and a dielectric layer, wherein a first metal patch is arranged between the feed layer and the dielectric layer; the feed layer is provided with a 3dB coupling bridge, and the output end of the 3dB coupling bridge is connected with the first metal patch and used for circularly polarizing the input signal and transmitting the circularly polarized signal to the dielectric layer; the medium layer is used for widening bit width of the circularly polarized signal and radiating the widened circularly polarized signal outwards.
Preferably, the dielectric layer includes a first dielectric plate, a second metal patch, and a second dielectric plate, the second metal patch is disposed between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, and the first dielectric plate or the second dielectric plate is connected to the feed layer through the first metal patch.
Preferably, the feed layer includes a third dielectric plate and a fourth dielectric plate, the third dielectric plate is connected to the dielectric layer through the first metal patch, and the 3dB coupling bridge is disposed between the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate.
Preferably, the first input port of the 3dB coupling bridge is connected to the coaxial connector through a fourth metalized through hole, and the second input port of the 3dB coupling bridge is connected to the ohmic matching load through a third metalized through hole; and a first output port of the 3dB coupling bridge is connected with the first metal patch through a first metalized through hole, and a second output terminal of the 3dB coupling bridge is connected with the first metal patch through a second metalized through hole.
Preferably, the dielectric layer further includes a plurality of fifth dielectric slabs, the plurality of fifth dielectric slabs are disposed between the second metal patch and the second dielectric slab, and a third metal patch is disposed between each two fifth dielectric slabs; and a third metal patch is arranged between the second dielectric slab and the fifth dielectric slab.
Preferably, the second metal patch is a square patch with a central symmetry structure, and the second metal patch is provided with at least four sub-metal patches which are respectively arranged on four sides of the second metal patch, and each sub-metal patch is used for debugging an antenna signal.
Preferably, the satellite-borne antenna further comprises a metal cavity, an inner wall of the metal cavity is in contact with the side wall of the feed layer and the side wall of the dielectric layer, and the metal cavity is used for widening bit width of transmission signals.
Preferably, the side wall of the feed layer and the side wall of the dielectric layer are plated with metal layers, and the metal layers are used for widening the bit width of the transmission signal.
Preferably, the second metal patch and the third metal patch are both square patches.
The invention also provides a circularly polarized spaceborne phased array based on a 3dB bridge, which comprises a plurality of circularly polarized spaceborne antennas according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the circularly polarized spaceborne antennas are uniformly arranged in an array form.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on the 3dB bridge and the satellite-borne phased array, in a required working frequency band, the axial ratio is lower than 3dB, the standing wave is lower than 1.5, the beam width at a working frequency point is larger than 90 degrees, and the requirement of a low profile is met;
2. the circularly polarized spaceborne antenna based on the 3dB bridge and the spaceborne phased array provided by the embodiment of the invention realize circular polarization by adopting a forced feed mode, and the circularly polarized bandwidth is greatly widened in a double-feed mode compared with a common single-feed mode. And the feed network takes the form of a stripline, the main purpose of which is to reduce radiation leakage at the back. (ii) a
3. According to the circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on the 3dB bridge and the satellite-borne phased array, the antenna radiation part is laminated by adopting three layers of dielectric plates and patches, and the purpose is to improve the normal gain of the antenna and the gain during large scanning angle scanning.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a satellite-borne antenna structure;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a satellite antenna structure;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the structure of the space-borne antenna;
FIG. 4 is a graph of VSWR results;
FIG. 5 is an axial ratio plot;
fig. 6 shows the gain at the operating frequency f 0.
Description of the drawings:
1. a child metal patch; 2. a second metal patch; 3. a first dielectric plate; 4. a third metal patch; 5. a second dielectric plate; 6. A third dielectric plate; 7. a first metal patch; 8. a fifth dielectric plate; 9. a fourth dielectric plate; 10. a first metal via; 11. A 3dB coupling bridge; 12. a second metal via; 13. a fourth metal via; 14. an ohmic matched load; 15. and a third metal via.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example one
The embodiment discloses a circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on a 3dB bridge, which comprises a feed layer and a dielectric layer, wherein a first metal patch 7 is arranged between the feed layer and the dielectric layer, and the arranged first metal patch 7 is positioned in the center of the whole antenna and is a square patch; the feed layer is provided with a 3dB coupling bridge 11, in the embodiment, the 3dB coupling bridge 11 is a 3dB coupling overbridge in a strip line form, and the output end of the 3dB coupling bridge 11 is connected with the first metal patch 7 and is used for circularly polarizing an input signal and transmitting a circularly polarized signal to the dielectric layer; the medium layer is used for widening bit width of the circularly polarized signal and radiating the widened circularly polarized signal outwards.
In the feed layer, the feed layer includes a third dielectric plate 6 and a fourth dielectric plate 9, and a first metal through hole 10, a second metal through hole 12, a third metal through hole and a fourth metal through hole 13 for connecting a circuit, the third dielectric plate 6 is connected with the dielectric layer through the first metal patch 7, and the 3dB coupling bridge 11 is disposed between the third dielectric plate 6 and the fourth dielectric plate 9.
A first input port of the 3dB coupling bridge 11 is connected to the coaxial connector through a fourth metalized through hole, one input port of the 3dB coupling bridge 11 is connected to the coaxial connector, the connected coaxial connector is used as a signal input port of the whole antenna system, a second input port of the 3dB coupling bridge 11 is connected to an ohmic matching load 14 through a third metalized through hole, and the ohmic matching load 14 adopted at the second input port is a 50-ohm matching load 14; the first output port of the 3dB coupling bridge 11 is connected with the first metal patch 7 through a first metalized through hole, the second output port of the 3dB coupling bridge 11 is connected with the first metal patch 7 through a second metalized through hole, a transmitting signal is transmitted to the 3dB coupling bridge 11 from the coaxial connector through a fourth metalized through hole, the phase difference of two paths of signals of 90 degrees is achieved, the two paths of signals are transmitted to the first metal patch 7 through the first metalized through hole and the second metalized through the input signal, the circular polarization of the signal is achieved on the first metal patch 7, and the signal is radiated out through a dielectric layer.
In this embodiment, the set dielectric layer includes a first dielectric plate 3, a second metal patch 2 and a second dielectric plate 5, the second metal patch 2 is disposed between the first dielectric plate 3 and the second dielectric plate 5, and the first dielectric plate 3 or the second dielectric plate 5 is connected to the feed layer through a first metal patch 7.
The dielectric layer further comprises a plurality of fifth dielectric plates 8, the fifth dielectric plates 8 are arranged between the second metal patch 2 and the second dielectric plate 5, and a third metal patch 4 is arranged between each two fifth dielectric plates 8; and a third metal patch 4 is arranged between the second dielectric plate 5 and the fifth dielectric plate 8.
In this embodiment, a fifth dielectric plate 8 and a second metal patch 2 are arranged, the whole structure is formed by stacking the layered structures of the first dielectric plate 3, the second metal patch 2, the fifth dielectric plate 8, the third metal patch 4, the second dielectric plate 5 and the first metal patch 7 from top to bottom, and the structural effect of the three layers of the arranged dielectric plates can reach the best, so that the bandwidth expansion is realized by adopting a stacking mode, and the bandwidth expansion is realized by adopting a stacking mode of 3 layers of metal patches and a dielectric plate; adjusting the gain and the beam width of the microstrip antenna by metal wrapping around the dielectric plate; the double-fed forced feeding mode is adopted to realize good axial ratio characteristics, and finally the 3dB coupling bridge 11 is adopted as a feeding network to realize single-port input, and the feeding network realizes double-port feeding to the patch. The microstrip antenna works in an L frequency band, has the characteristics of wide frequency band, wide beam, wide axial ratio bandwidth and low profile, can be used as a unit antenna of a satellite-borne phased array, and can be applied to low-orbit satellite communication
The second metal patch 2 is a square patch with a centrosymmetric structure, at least four sub-metal patches 1 are arranged on the second metal patch 2, and are respectively arranged at the four sides of the second metal patches 2, each sub-metal patch 1 is used for debugging antenna signals, the arranged second metal patches 2 are metal patches positioned at the top layer of the whole antenna and positioned at the center of the whole antenna, the first dielectric plate 3 is in a central symmetrical structure, the second metal patch 2 is a square patch, and a small rectangular patch is respectively added on four edges, the purpose is to facilitate the debugging work of the antenna in the later period, the small rectangular patch can be just the sub-metal patch 1 in the embodiment, the transmitted signal can be debugged through the set sub-metal patch 1, and the set second metal patch 2 and the set third metal patch 4 are both square metal patches in the embodiment.
The satellite-borne antenna also comprises a metal cavity, the inner wall of the metal cavity is in contact with the side wall of the feed layer and the side wall of the medium layer, the metal cavity is used for widening the bit width of transmission signals, metal frames are arranged on the side walls of the medium layer and the feed layer to cover the side walls, adjustment of gain and beam width of the microstrip antenna can be achieved mainly through the arranged metal cavity, similarly, the side walls of the medium layer and the feed layer can be covered in a metal film plating mode on the feed layer and the value layer, and the plating function of the metal cavity is the same as that of the metal cavity.
In order to more intuitively show the advantages of the 3dB bridge-based L-band circularly polarized satellite antenna of the present invention, fig. 4 shows a standing wave simulation curve of the antenna, and it can be seen from the graph that the relative bandwidth is 13.8%, and in the bandwidth range, the standing wave is less than 1.5. Fig. 5 shows an axial ratio simulation curve of the antenna, and it can be seen that the axial ratios of the antenna are all less than 3dB after the frequency point f3, and the circular polarization performance is good. Fig. 6 is a simulation result of the gain at frequency point f0 when the antenna operates, and table 1 shows the 3dB beam width of the frequency point, which shows that the antenna has better gain performance and wide beam characteristics, and the 3dB beam widths are all greater than 95 °. Table 2 shows the axial ratio width results of the frequency points, which again show the wide beam characteristics of the antenna, and the beam width with the axial ratio less than 3dB is greater than 158 °. (the working frequency f1 is not less than f3< f0< f 2).
TABLE 13 dB beamwidth at operating frequency f0
TABLE 2 axial ratio beamwidth at operating frequency f0
In the embodiment, the 3dB coupling bridge is used for outputting two paths of signals with the phase difference of 90 degrees, the circular polarization is realized in a forced feed mode, and the circular polarization bandwidth is greatly widened in a double-feed mode compared with a common single-feed mode. And the feed network takes the form of a stripline, the main purpose of which is to reduce radiation leakage at the back. The antenna radiation part adopts three layers of dielectric plates and patches for lamination, and aims to improve the normal gain of the antenna and the gain during large scanning angle scanning. For the convenience of antenna array and feeding, the 3dBb coupling bridge is adjusted to be a center feeding form. The antenna also carries out metal edge covering on the periphery of the whole antenna, so that the antenna gain is further improved, the wave beams are balanced, and the wave beams are prevented from deflecting; the whole antenna is subjected to corner cutting treatment at four corners, or the corner cutting treatment is not required. The 3dB coupling bridge can adopt center feed and side feed. The three-layer patch is not limited to a square shape.
Example two
The embodiment discloses a circularly polarized satellite-borne phased array based on a 3dB bridge, the satellite-borne antenna units forming the satellite-borne phased array are adopted in the embodiment, the circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna is disclosed in the embodiment, and the circularly polarized satellite-borne antennas are uniformly arranged in an array form, so that the performance of the phased array can be improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on a 3dB bridge is characterized by comprising a feed layer and a dielectric layer, wherein a first metal patch (7) is arranged between the feed layer and the dielectric layer; the feed layer is provided with a 3dB coupling bridge (11), and the output end of the 3dB coupling bridge (11) is connected with the first metal patch (7) and is used for circularly polarizing the input signal and transmitting the circularly polarized signal to the dielectric layer; the medium layer is used for widening bit width of the circularly polarized signal and radiating the widened circularly polarized signal outwards.
2. The circularly polarized satellite antenna based on the 3dB bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dielectric layer comprises a first dielectric plate (3), a second metal patch (2) and a second dielectric plate (5), the second metal patch (2) is disposed between the first dielectric plate (3) and the second dielectric plate (5), and the first dielectric plate (3) or the second dielectric plate (5) is connected to the feeding layer through a first metal patch (7).
3. The circularly polarized spaceborne antenna based on 3dB bridge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the feed layer comprises a third dielectric plate (6) and a fourth dielectric plate (9), the third dielectric plate (6) is connected with the dielectric layer through the first metal patch (7), and the 3dB coupling bridge (11) is arranged between the third dielectric plate (6) and the fourth dielectric plate (9).
4. A circularly polarized satellite antenna based on a 3dB bridge as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first input port of the 3dB coupling bridge (11) is connected to the coaxial connector through a fourth metallized via, and the second input port of the 3dB coupling bridge (11) is connected to the ohmic matching load (14) through a third metallized via; and a first output port of the 3dB coupling bridge (11) is connected with the first metal patch (7) through a first metalized through hole, and a second output port of the 3dB coupling bridge (11) is connected with the first metal patch (7) through a second metalized through hole.
5. The circularly polarized spaceborne antenna based on the 3dB bridge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the dielectric layer further comprises a plurality of fifth dielectric plates (8), the plurality of fifth dielectric plates (8) are arranged between the second metal patch (2) and the second dielectric plate (5), and a third metal patch (4) is arranged between each two fifth dielectric plates (8); and a third metal patch (4) is arranged between the second dielectric plate (5) and the fifth dielectric plate (8).
6. The circularly polarized satellite antenna based on the 3dB bridge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second metal patch (2) is a square patch with a central symmetric structure, and at least four sub-metal patches (1) are arranged on the second metal patch (2) and are respectively arranged on four sides of the second metal patch (2), and each sub-metal patch (1) is used for debugging an antenna signal.
7. The circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on the 3dB bridge according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the satellite-borne antenna further comprises a metal cavity, an inner wall of the metal cavity is arranged in contact with the side wall of the feed layer and the side wall of the dielectric layer, and the metal cavity is used for widening bit width of transmission signals.
8. The circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on the 3dB bridge as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the side wall of the feed layer and the side wall of the dielectric layer are plated with metal layers, and the metal layers are used for widening bit width of transmission signals.
9. A circularly polarized on-board antenna based on a 3dB bridge according to claim 5, characterized in that the second metal patch (2) and the third metal patch (4) are both square patches.
10. A circularly polarized spaceborne phased array based on a 3dB bridge is characterized by comprising a plurality of circularly polarized spaceborne antennas according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the plurality of circularly polarized spaceborne antennas are uniformly arranged in an array form.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111546309.7A CN114267939A (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on 3dB electric bridge and satellite-borne phased array |
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| CN202111546309.7A CN114267939A (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Circularly polarized satellite-borne antenna based on 3dB electric bridge and satellite-borne phased array |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115954659A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-04-11 | 江苏领创星通卫星通信科技有限公司 | Array antenna |
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| CN106785409A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-31 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | A kind of broadband and wide beamwidth micro-strip paster antenna |
| CN212257683U (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-12-29 | 航天行云科技有限公司 | L-band antenna structure and mobile terminal |
| CN212571350U (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-02-19 | 嘉兴金领电子有限公司 | Miniaturized double-fed antenna of Wilkinson power divider feed |
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2021
- 2021-12-16 CN CN202111546309.7A patent/CN114267939A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160261047A1 (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2016-09-08 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Dual-frequency patch antennas |
| CN106785409A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-31 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | A kind of broadband and wide beamwidth micro-strip paster antenna |
| CN212257683U (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-12-29 | 航天行云科技有限公司 | L-band antenna structure and mobile terminal |
| CN212571350U (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-02-19 | 嘉兴金领电子有限公司 | Miniaturized double-fed antenna of Wilkinson power divider feed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115954659A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-04-11 | 江苏领创星通卫星通信科技有限公司 | Array antenna |
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