CN114267847A - Novel bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst - Google Patents

Novel bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst Download PDF

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CN114267847A
CN114267847A CN202111533141.6A CN202111533141A CN114267847A CN 114267847 A CN114267847 A CN 114267847A CN 202111533141 A CN202111533141 A CN 202111533141A CN 114267847 A CN114267847 A CN 114267847A
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chloride hexahydrate
solution
bimetallic
oxygen reduction
bimetallic oxygen
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CN114267847B (en
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刘长海
张婷婷
陈智栋
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Changzhou University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a novel bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst which is characterized in that a bimetallic oxygen reduction material is prepared by a two-step method through combining a high-temperature pyrolysis ZIFs material and a simple physical adsorption bimetallic method. The preparation steps disclosed by the invention are as follows: (1) firstly, preparing a methanol solution of zinc nitrate and a methanol solution of dimethyl imidazole, mixing the solutions, fully stirring the mixed solution at room temperature, centrifuging the solution, drying the solution in a vacuum drying oven, and drying the solution in N2Performing medium-high temperature pyrolysis to obtain a carbon material; (2) dispersing a carbon material, cobalt chloride hexahydrate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate in an isopropanol aqueous solution, performing ultrasonic treatment and uniformly stirring, centrifuging the precipitate, and drying in a vacuum drying oven; (3) finally in N2And annealing at medium and high temperature to obtain the bimetallic compound material. The reaction process is simple and low in costThe prepared material has excellent appearance, high specific surface area and more active sites.

Description

Novel bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of zinc-air battery electrocatalysts, and particularly relates to a synthesis method and application of a novel bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst.
Background
With the serious energy consumption of the current generation, the problems of global warming and the like caused by the rapid consumption of fossil fuels are prominent. Therefore, various energy technologies are emerging, such as lithium ion battery, sodium ion battery, fuel cell, etc. have become important media for connecting energy collection and conversion. Zinc-air batteries are the most promising metal-air batteries because of their high specific energy, safety, low cost, greenness, and other characteristics. The Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) is an important positive electrode reaction in zinc-air batteries. Commercial electrocatalysts for ORR are Pt-based nanomaterials which suffer from high cost, limited availability, and poor stability. The carbon material has the advantages of large surface area, good conductivity, adjustable shape, convenient preparation, economic feasibility and the like, and is widely concerned, so that the carbon material becomes one of hot spots for researching the ORR catalyst. Carbon materials have excellent corrosion resistance characteristics, but do not possess significant catalytic activity.
The ZIFs-derived carbon material is often used as a precursor for preparing an electrocatalyst, for example, a transition metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) material obtained by high-temperature pyrolysis of ZIFs has high catalytic activity, and thus, the ZIFs-derived carbon material becomes a common preparation method of the ZIFs-derived electrocatalyst. The MOFs structure is composed of ordered three-dimensional porous crystals formed by the coordination of carbon and nitrogen ligands and metals. These structures and chemistries not only meet the requirements of M-N-C compositions as templates, but also provide ordered three-dimensional porous structures. Furthermore, the strong interaction between the metal atoms and the nitrogen atoms favours the production of more active sites and higher intrinsic catalytically active sites during the carbonisation process. Bimetallic alloys such as Co-Ni, Fe-Ni and Fe-Co have been recognized as very effective active sites for ORR, and they exhibit higher activity and stability compared to single element alloys.
The bimetallic composite electrocatalyst can benefit from the synergistic catalytic effect and coupling effect among heterogeneous metals and has different characteristics from the single metal catalyst. Since the bonding between two different metals can establish intrinsic polarity, providing a faradaic-rich redox reaction originating from multiple valence states, the electrical conductivity is further improved, thereby enabling the catalytic reaction to proceed. M.kato et al, by preparing a (Cu, Fe) -N-CNT heterogeneous metal electrocatalyst, revealed a promoting effect of the heterogeneous metal synergy on ORR kinetics. Strasser et al have shown that bimetallic (Fe, Mn) -N-C electrocatalysts have higher ORR performance and suggest that synergistic effects between Fe and Mn can significantly improve ORR activity. At the same time withThe (Fe, Co) -N-C electrocatalysts also exhibit superior activity and durability compared to other heterogeneous metal electrocatalysts, thus representing a great potential value. The half-wave potential (E) of the existing Co bimetallic-nitrogen-carbon catalyst1/2) Mostly less than 0.9V, e.g. of bimetallic Co-Ni catalysts1/2About 0.8V, E of Fe-Co-N-C1/2Also less than 0.9V. Therefore, how to further expand the selection range of the catalyst and make the catalyst have better effect than a Co-containing bimetallic-nitrogen-carbon catalyst in ORR application has positive significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst, and a bimetallic catalyst with excellent catalytic activity is obtained. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
step (1): mixing a methanol solution of zinc nitrate and a methanol solution of dimethyl imidazole, stirring overnight at room temperature for 24 hours, centrifuging the precipitate, drying in a vacuum drying oven, placing the white powder in a porcelain boat, and calcining at high temperature in nitrogen by using a tube furnace to obtain a primary product, namely black powder; the invention is preferably ZIF-8 material, and if other ZIF derivatives are adopted, the precursor has certain influence on the overall performance.
Further, in the step (1), the amount of zinc nitrate in the 150mL of zinc nitrate methanol solution is 0.02mol, and the amount of dimethylimidazole in the 150mL of dimethylimidazole methanol solution is 0.075mol, in a volume ratio of 1: 1.
Further, the condition of the high-temperature calcination in the step (1) is N2The temperature is 900 ℃ and the time is 2 h.
Step (2): dispersing the black powder in the step (1) in an isopropanol aqueous solution, sequentially adding melamine, cobalt chloride hexahydrate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate in different proportions into a mixed solution, dissolving, performing ultrasonic treatment, continuously stirring, centrifuging the solution, and drying in a vacuum drying oven; further, the mass ratio of the total mass of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the magnesium chloride hexahydrate in the step (2) to the black powder is 3: 5; the mass ratio of the black powder to the melamine is 1:2, and the different molar ratios of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the magnesium chloride hexahydrate are 1: 3-3: 1. Preferably 1: 3.
Further, the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the deionized water in the isopropanol aqueous solution in the step (2) is 1: 1; the ultrasonic temperature is room temperature, the ultrasonic time is 1h, the stirring temperature is room temperature, and the stirring time is 3h, so as to realize more uniform adsorption.
And (3): collecting the dried product in the step (2) and placing the product in a porcelain boat, and finally placing the porcelain boat in a tube furnace in N2And annealing at medium and high temperature to obtain the bimetal compound composite material.
Further, the high-temperature calcination condition in the step (3) is nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature is 900 ℃, and the time is 2 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the carbon material has excellent corrosion resistance and is suitable for severe use environments. The ZIFs derived carbon material also has the advantages of higher specific surface area, abundant pores, controllability of structure and components and the like.
(2) The concerted catalysis between the bimetals is beneficial to provide more effective active sites compared to the single metal, thereby improving the catalytic activity and stability of the material. The invention ensures that the prepared Mg-Co bimetallic oxygen reduction catalyst has higher half-wave potential and initial potential by optimizing various conditions. The synthesis process is simple, the cost is low, and the synthesis of the material can be effectively controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 scanning electron micrograph of novel Mg-Co bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 scanning electron micrograph of novel Mg-Co bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst prepared in example 2;
FIG. 3 scanning electron micrograph of novel Mg-Co bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst prepared in example 3;
FIG. 4 ORR performance in alkaline for the novel Mg-Co bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst prepared in example 1.
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the stability test performed under the constant potential Pt/C method for the novel Mg-Co bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical features and characteristics of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The preparation of such Mg-Co bimetallic oxygen reduction catalysts is also used for other types of transition metals.
Example 1
(1) 0.02mol of zinc nitrate in methanol (150mL) was mixed with 0.075mol of dimethylimidazole in methanol (150mL), stirred at room temperature for 24h and then centrifugally dried, the powder collected and used in a tube furnace under N2Calcining at 900 ℃ for 2 h;
(2) dispersing 50mg of the calcined product obtained in the step (1) in an aqueous isopropanol solution (the volume ratio of isopropanol to deionized water is 1:1) at a concentration of 0.0065mol L-1Sequentially adding 0.1g of melamine and cobalt chloride hexahydrate into the solution, wherein the mass of the melamine and the cobalt chloride hexahydrate are as follows: 8.4173mg, the mass of magnesium chloride hexahydrate is: 21.583mg (the molar ratio of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate to the magnesium chloride hexahydrate is 1:3) of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the magnesium chloride hexahydrate is 30mg in mass, ultrasonic treatment is carried out at room temperature for 1h after dissolution, then the solution is continuously stirred at room temperature for 3h, and the solution is dried in a vacuum drying oven after centrifugation;
(3) collecting the final product in the step (2) in a porcelain boat, and using a tube furnace in N2And annealing at the high temperature of 900 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the Mg-Co bimetal compound composite material.
Example 2
Example 2 is different from example 1 in that: the molar ratio of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate to the magnesium chloride hexahydrate is 1:1 (the mass of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate is 16.1751Mg, and the mass of the magnesium chloride hexahydrate is 13.825Mg), and the other operations are the same, so that the Mg-Co bimetal compound composite material is obtained.
Example 3
Example 3 is different from example 1 in that: the molar ratio of cobalt chloride hexahydrate to magnesium chloride hexahydrate was 3:1 (the mass of cobalt chloride hexahydrate was 23.35Mg, and the mass of magnesium chloride hexahydrate was 6.65Mg), and the same operations were carried out, thereby obtaining a Mg — Co bimetallic compound composite material.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is different from example 1 in that: and (3) adding no magnesium chloride, wherein 30mg of cobalt chloride is added, and the other operations are the same, so that the Co single metal compound composite material is obtained.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: and (3) adding no cobalt chloride, wherein 30Mg of magnesium chloride is adopted, and the other operations are the same, so that the Mg single metal compound composite material is obtained.
The resulting bimetallic compound composites prepared in examples 1-3 were tested for ORR performance using a rotating disk electrode under basic 0.1MKOH conditions.
By test comparison, the half-wave potential of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the magnesium chloride hexahydrate of the example 3 at the molar ratio of 3:1 is only 0.79V; the half-wave potential of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the magnesium chloride hexahydrate is closer to that of platinum and carbon at a molar ratio of 1:1 and is about 0.86V; the ORR performance is best when the molar ratio of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate to the magnesium chloride hexahydrate is 1:3, and the half-wave potential is close to 0.92V. Whereas the half-wave potential of the Co monometallic of comparative example 1 was only 0.78V; whereas the half-wave potential of the Mg monometallic of comparative example 2 was only 0.83V. The Mg-Co bimetallic oxygen reduction catalyst has higher half-wave potential and initial potential, the initial potential is 0.84V for single metal Co, 0.90V for single metal Mg, and the initial potential of the Mg-Co bimetallic of example 1 is 1.0V.

Claims (5)

1. A novel bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst is characterized in that the bimetallic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst is prepared by the following method:
(1) mixing a methanol solution of zinc nitrate and a methanol solution of dimethyl imidazole, stirring overnight at room temperature, precipitating, centrifuging, drying in a vacuum drying oven, placing white powder in a porcelain boat, and calcining at high temperature in nitrogen by using a tube furnace to obtain a primary product, namely black powder;
(2) dispersing the black powder in the step (1) in an isopropanol water solution, sequentially adding melamine, cobalt chloride hexahydrate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate into a mixed solution, dissolving, performing ultrasonic treatment, continuously stirring, centrifuging the solution, and drying in a vacuum drying oven; wherein the molar ratio of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate to the magnesium chloride hexahydrate is 1: 3;
(3) collecting the dried product in the step (2) and placing the product in a porcelain boat, and finally placing the porcelain boat in a tube furnace in N2And annealing at medium and high temperature to obtain the Mg-Co bimetal compound material.
2. The novel bimetallic oxygen-reducing electrocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molar ratio of the zinc nitrate to the dimethyl imidazole in the step (1) is 2: 7.5.
3. the novel bimetallic oxygen-reducing electrocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: the annealing condition in the step (1) is a nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature is 900 ℃, and the time is 2 h.
4. The novel bimetallic oxygen-reducing electrocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the total mass of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the magnesium chloride hexahydrate in the step (2) to the black powder is 3: 5; the mass ratio of black powder to melamine was 1: 2.
5. The novel bimetallic oxygen-reducing electrocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) performing high-temperature calcination under the nitrogen atmosphere at 900 ℃ for 2 hours.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115566207A (en) * 2022-10-12 2023-01-03 北京科技大学 Transition metal pyrophosphate ORR catalyst anchored on MOFs derived carbon skeleton and preparation method and application thereof
CN116154200A (en) * 2022-12-30 2023-05-23 郑州大学 Multi-metal atom supported carbon nitride catalyst and application thereof

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CN110013881A (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-07-16 哈尔滨工业大学 The metal of atom level dispersion and the preparation method of nitrogen co-doped carbon-based oxygen reduction reaction catalyst
CN110233268A (en) * 2019-05-29 2019-09-13 中国石油大学(北京) A kind of cobalt acid magnesium nano wire of high exposed crystal face and its preparation method and application
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CN111744502A (en) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-09 东华大学 Magnesium-doped cobalt disulfide composite carbon nanotube material, preparation method and application
CN113013428A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-22 华南理工大学 Preparation method and application of Fe and Co bimetal doped mesoporous carbon-oxygen reduction catalyst
CN113471452A (en) * 2021-06-30 2021-10-01 南京大学 Multi-site composite nanotube for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reduction and preparation method and application thereof

Patent Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105655605A (en) * 2016-01-15 2016-06-08 沈雪松 Cathode catalyst for solid oxide fuel cell, composite cathode material and preparation method thereof
WO2020016067A1 (en) * 2018-07-16 2020-01-23 Freie Universität Berlin Atomic metal- and n-doped open-mesoporous carbon nanofibers for efficient and bio-adaptable oxygen electrode in metal-air batteries
CN110013881A (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-07-16 哈尔滨工业大学 The metal of atom level dispersion and the preparation method of nitrogen co-doped carbon-based oxygen reduction reaction catalyst
CN110233268A (en) * 2019-05-29 2019-09-13 中国石油大学(北京) A kind of cobalt acid magnesium nano wire of high exposed crystal face and its preparation method and application
CN111744502A (en) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-09 东华大学 Magnesium-doped cobalt disulfide composite carbon nanotube material, preparation method and application
CN113013428A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-22 华南理工大学 Preparation method and application of Fe and Co bimetal doped mesoporous carbon-oxygen reduction catalyst
CN113471452A (en) * 2021-06-30 2021-10-01 南京大学 Multi-site composite nanotube for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reduction and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115566207A (en) * 2022-10-12 2023-01-03 北京科技大学 Transition metal pyrophosphate ORR catalyst anchored on MOFs derived carbon skeleton and preparation method and application thereof
CN116154200A (en) * 2022-12-30 2023-05-23 郑州大学 Multi-metal atom supported carbon nitride catalyst and application thereof
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