CN114264097A - Rapid snow forming system for realizing condensation heat recovery and operation method - Google Patents
Rapid snow forming system for realizing condensation heat recovery and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114264097A CN114264097A CN202111632629.4A CN202111632629A CN114264097A CN 114264097 A CN114264097 A CN 114264097A CN 202111632629 A CN202111632629 A CN 202111632629A CN 114264097 A CN114264097 A CN 114264097A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid snow forming system for realizing condensation heat recovery and an operation method thereof. The refrigeration system comprises an evaporation side heat exchanger and a condensation side heat exchanger, wherein the evaporation side heat exchanger is used for refrigerating air and providing a low-temperature environment for snow making; the condensation side heat exchanger is used for heating cold water, the Mpemba effect of freezing hot water is utilized to accelerate the freezing of water drops, the rapid snow formation is realized, the snow formation quality is improved, the system operation efficiency is improved by recovering the condensation heat of the refrigeration system, and the system is energy-saving and environment-friendly. The system is divided into a hot water mode and a cold water mode to make snow so as to adapt to various environmental working conditions and solve the problem of freezing blockage. The invention realizes the high-efficiency and quick snow formation, the environment universality and the condensation heat recovery of the snow making machine, improves the snow forming quality, enlarges the critical range of snow making atomization, reduces the design difficulty of the snow making machine, also improves the operating efficiency of the snow making machine, and provides a new idea for the structure optimization of the snow making machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of snow makers, and particularly relates to a rapid snow forming system for realizing condensation heat recovery and an operation method.
Technical Field
With the coming of the 2022 winter olympic meeting and the development of snow sports, the snow-making machine as an artificial snow-making device for providing stable snow resources is one of the necessary equipments for guaranteeing the operation of the winter ski field. Traditional snow-making machine needs pass through the nozzle with high-pressure cold water and spray atomizing and form tiny water droplet under lower ambient temperature to blow to the air by the air-blower in, tiny water droplet falls in the air, freezes into the ice crystal nucleus with the environment heat transfer rapidly, and the in-process of whereabouts again combines with the water droplet collision, further grows and forms the snowflake. The snow making equipment has high requirement on the temperature of the environment, can only make artificial snow at low environmental temperature, and the height of the snow making machine is limited, so that the snow can be quickly frozen in a limited time, otherwise, the snow can fall to the ground in a liquid state, and the snow quality is seriously influenced. The difficulty is a great test on the atomizing performance of the snow making machine and is a basic requirement needed to be met by researching and developing the snow making machine. And the nozzle caliber of the snow making machine is too small, so that the freezing blockage is easily formed during the intermittent operation. Therefore, in order to improve the snow making quality, adapt to the snow making environment under more working conditions and prevent blockage, the structure of the snow making machine needs to be optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rapid snow forming system for realizing condensation heat recovery and an operation method thereof, wherein the snow forming system heats cold water for making snow by using heat released by a condensation side of a refrigeration system, accelerates the freezing speed of water drops from a liquid state to a solid state by using an Mpemba effect, realizes rapid snow formation while improving the snow forming quality, enlarges the critical range of snow making atomization, further reduces the design difficulty of a snow making machine, recycles the condensation heat released by the refrigeration system and effectively improves the operation efficiency of the snow making machine. The problem of freezing blockage during shutdown can be effectively solved by starting the hot water mode before operation. Meanwhile, the refrigeration system is utilized to provide low-temperature air for the blower, a low-temperature environment is provided for snow making, and the cold energy of the low-temperature air provided by the refrigeration system under the extreme condition of higher environmental temperature is not enough to form snow, so that the cold water mode can be switched to make snow, the snow making system is not limited by the environmental temperature any more, the snow making system is suitable for various environmental working conditions, and the coexistence of high efficiency, universality, energy conservation and environmental protection is really realized.
The Mpemba effect refers to the phenomenon that hot water with a higher initial temperature freezes before cold water (non-pure water) in an environment of equal mass and equal cooling. The freezing process of water can be divided into an above-zero cooling phase and a below-zero subcooling phase. The existing research shows that the time required by cooling is the shortest when the initial temperature of water is 30-40 ℃, and hot water enters a supercooled state faster than cold water and has smaller supercooling degree.
The invention realizes the high-efficiency quick snow formation, the environment universality and the condensation heat recovery of the snow making machine, improves the snow formation quality, enlarges the snow making atomization critical range, expands the operable range of the snow making machine, further reduces the design difficulty of the snow making machine, also improves the operating efficiency of the snow making machine, solves the problem of freezing blockage, and provides a new idea for the structure optimization of the snow making machine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a rapid snow forming system for realizing condensation heat recovery, which comprises a snow forming mechanism, a supply mechanism, a refrigerating system 6 and a control module 9;
the snow forming mechanism comprises a nozzle 1, an air cylinder 2 and a large fan 3; the nozzles 1 are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the air duct body 2 and are used for spraying atomized water drops to form ice crystals, and the water inlets of the nozzles 1 are connected with the outlets of the condensing side heat exchangers 8. The big fan 3 is arranged at the tail part of the wind cylinder body 2 and is used for blowing atomized water drops into the air.
The supply mechanism comprises a small fan 4 and a water pump 5; the small fan 4 is used for providing air for the refrigerating system 6, and after the air is sent into the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 of the refrigerating system 6 by the small fan 4 for cooling, cold air is sent into the large fan 3 and used for providing cold energy for atomized water drops. The water pump 5 provides cold water for the refrigerating system 6, outlet pipelines of the water pump are divided into L1, L2 and L3, a pipeline L1 is connected with the condensation side heat exchanger 8 and corresponds to a hot water mode, a pipeline L2 is directly connected with a nozzle water inlet and bypasses to adjust water temperature, and a pipeline L3 is connected with the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 and corresponds to a cold water mode.
The refrigerating system 6 comprises an evaporation side heat exchanger 7 and a condensation side heat exchanger 8, the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 is used for refrigerating air and providing a low-temperature environment for snow making, and an outlet of the evaporation side heat exchanger is connected with the large fan 3; the condensing side heat exchanger 8 is used for heating cold water, the freezing speed is accelerated by utilizing the Mpemba effect of hot water freezing, and the outlet of the condensing side heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet of the nozzle 1.
The control module 9 is connected with the big fan 3, the small fan 4, the water pump 5 and the refrigerating system 6, and controls the start and stop of the system.
The system can be divided into a hot water mode and a cold water mode when in operation, the pipeline L1 is opened to correspond to the hot water mode, the pipeline L3 is opened to correspond to the cold water mode, and when the ambient temperature is higher than minus 1 ℃, the cold water mode can be started to make snow. The hot water pre-spraying mode can be adopted before operation, so that the influence of freezing blockage formed by the nozzle during shutdown on the snow making effect is prevented.
The operation method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, the control module 9 controls the starting of the refrigerating system 6, after the working condition of the heat exchanger is stable, the water pump 5 is started, the pipeline L1 is opened to enable cold water to enter the condensation side heat exchanger 8 for heating, when the water temperature reaches 35-40 ℃, the outlet of the condensation side heat exchanger 8 is opened to enable hot water to be sprayed out of the nozzle 1 in advance, and the influence on the snow making effect caused by the freezing blockage of the nozzle during the shutdown is prevented.
(2) The small fan 4 is turned on to let the air enter the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 for cooling.
(3) And opening the large fan 3 and the outlet of the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 to provide a low-temperature environment for snow making.
(4) In the hot water mode, the water pump 5 is turned on, the line L1 is opened, and cold water is introduced into the condensation-side heat exchanger 8 to be heated, and the water temperature is adjusted by the valve of the line L2. Opening an outlet of the condensation side heat exchanger 8 to provide hot water for snow making for a nozzle, and adjusting the water temperature to 35-40 ℃ through a bypass valve; in the cold water mode, the water pump 5 is turned on, the line L3 is opened, and cold water is introduced into the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 to be cooled, and the water temperature is adjusted by the valve of the line L2. And then the outlet of the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 is opened to provide cold water for snow making for the nozzle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious advantages:
1) the invention provides a rapid snow forming system for realizing condensation heat recovery and an operation method thereof, wherein the Mpemba effect is utilized to accelerate water drop freezing, so that rapid snow forming is realized, and the snow forming quality is improved;
2) the invention utilizes the Mpemba effect to accelerate the freezing of water drops, enlarges the critical range of snow making atomization, expands the operable range of the snow making machine and further reduces the design difficulty of the snow making machine;
3) the invention recycles the condensation heat released by the refrigeration system, effectively improves the running efficiency of the snow making machine, and has the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection;
4) the pre-spraying hot water mode before running can effectively solve the problem of freezing blockage during shutdown and improve the snow making effect;
5) the invention provides low-temperature air for the blower by utilizing the refrigerating system, provides a low-temperature environment for snow making, and has a cold-hot water switching mode, so that the snow making system is not limited by the environmental temperature any more, is suitable for artificial snow making under various environmental working conditions, and really achieves environment universality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rapid snow forming system for realizing condensation heat recovery according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the nozzle arrangement of the rapid snow forming system for achieving the recovery of condensation heat according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and concise, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and an embodiment. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the rapid snow forming system for realizing condensation heat recovery and the operation method thereof comprise a snow forming mechanism, a supply mechanism, a refrigeration system 6 and a control module 9.
The snow forming mechanism comprises a nozzle 1, an air cylinder 2 and a large fan 3; the nozzles 1 are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the air duct body 2 and are used for spraying atomized water drops to form ice crystals, and the water inlets of the nozzles 1 are connected with the outlets of the condensing side heat exchangers 8. The big fan 3 is arranged at the tail part of the wind cylinder body 2 and is used for blowing atomized water drops into the air.
The supply mechanism comprises a small fan 4 and a water pump 5; the small fan 4 is used for providing air for the refrigerating system 6, and after the air is sent into the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 of the refrigerating system 6 by the small fan 4 for cooling, cold air is sent into the large fan 3 and used for providing cold energy for atomized water drops. The water pump 5 provides cold water for the refrigerating system 6, outlet pipelines of the water pump are divided into L1, L2 and L3, a pipeline L1 is connected with the condensation side heat exchanger 8 and corresponds to a hot water mode, a pipeline L2 is directly connected with a nozzle water inlet and bypasses to adjust water temperature, and a pipeline L3 is connected with the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 and corresponds to a cold water mode.
The refrigerating system 6 comprises an evaporation side heat exchanger 7 and a condensation side heat exchanger 8, the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 is used for refrigerating air and providing a low-temperature environment for snow making, and an outlet of the evaporation side heat exchanger is connected with the large fan 3; the condensing side heat exchanger 8 is used for heating cold water, the freezing speed is accelerated by utilizing the Mpemba effect of hot water freezing, and the outlet of the condensing side heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet of the nozzle 1.
The control module 9 is connected with the big fan 3, the small fan 4, the water pump 5 and the refrigerating system 6, and controls the start and stop of the system.
The system can be divided into a hot water mode and a cold water mode when in operation, a pipeline L1 is opened to correspond to the hot water mode, a pipeline L3 is opened to correspond to the cold water mode, and when the ambient temperature is higher than-1 ℃, the cold water mode can be opened to make snow. The hot water pre-spraying mode can be adopted before operation, so that the influence of freezing blockage formed by the nozzle during shutdown on the snow making effect is prevented.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
after the air is sent into an evaporation side heat exchanger 7 of a refrigerating system 6 by a small fan 4 to be cooled, cold air is sent into a large fan 3 to provide cold energy for atomized water drops and blow ice crystals and the atomized water drops into the air. The outlet of the water pump 5 is respectively connected with an evaporation side heat exchanger 7 and a condensation side heat exchanger 8 of the refrigerating system 6, a pipeline L1 is opened to correspond to a hot water mode, a pipeline L3 is opened to correspond to a cold water mode, and water enters the nozzle 1 for atomization after heat exchange.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the control module 9 controls the starting of the refrigerating system 6, after the working condition of the heat exchanger is stable, the water pump 5 is started, the pipeline L1 is opened to enable cold water to enter the condensation side heat exchanger 8 for heating, when the water temperature reaches 35-40 ℃, the outlet of the condensation side heat exchanger 8 is opened to enable hot water to be sprayed out of the nozzle 1 in advance, and the influence on the snow making effect caused by the freezing blockage of the nozzle during the shutdown is prevented.
Step two: the small fan 4 is turned on to let the air enter the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 for cooling.
Step three: and opening the large fan 3 and the outlet of the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 to provide a low-temperature environment for snow making.
Step four: in the hot water mode, the water pump 5 is turned on, the line L1 is opened, and cold water is introduced into the condensation-side heat exchanger 8 to be heated, and the water temperature is adjusted by the valve of the line L2. Opening an outlet of the condensation side heat exchanger 8 to provide hot water for snow making for a nozzle, and adjusting the water temperature to 35-40 ℃ through a bypass valve; in the cold water mode, the water pump 5 is turned on, the line L3 is opened, and cold water is introduced into the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 to be cooled, and the water temperature is adjusted by the valve of the line L2. And then the outlet of the evaporation side heat exchanger 7 is opened to provide cold water for snow making for the nozzle.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a realize quick snow system of becoming of condensation heat recovery which characterized in that: comprises a snow forming mechanism, a supply mechanism, a refrigerating system (6) and a control module (9); the snow forming mechanism comprises a nozzle (1), an air cylinder body (2) and a large fan (3); the nozzles (1) are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the air cylinder body (2) and are used for spraying atomized water drops to form ice crystals, and the large fan (3) is positioned at the tail part of the air cylinder body (2) and is used for blowing the atomized water drops into air; the supply mechanism comprises a small fan (4) and a water pump (5); the small fan (4) is used for providing air for the refrigerating system (6), and after the air is sent into the evaporation side heat exchanger (7) of the refrigerating system (6) by the small fan (4) for cooling, cold air is sent into the large fan (3) and is used for providing cold energy for atomized water drops; the water pump (5) provides cold water for the refrigeration system (6), an outlet pipeline of the water pump is divided into three paths of L1, L2 and L3, a pipeline L1 is connected with a condensation side heat exchanger (8) and corresponds to a hot water mode, a pipeline L2 is directly connected with a water inlet of the nozzle (1) to bypass and adjust the water temperature, and a pipeline L3 is connected with an evaporation side heat exchanger (7) and corresponds to a cold water mode; the refrigerating system (6) comprises an evaporation side heat exchanger (7) and a condensation side heat exchanger (8), and the operation is divided into a hot water mode and a cold water mode; in the hot water mode, the evaporation side heat exchanger (7) is used for refrigerating air and providing a low-temperature environment for snow making, and the outlet of the evaporation side heat exchanger is connected with a large fan (3); the condensation side heat exchanger (8) is used for heating cold water, the Mpemba effect of freezing hot water is utilized to accelerate the freezing of water drops, the rapid snow forming is realized, the critical range of snow making atomization is enlarged, and meanwhile, the condensation heat released by a refrigeration system is recycled, so that the running efficiency of the snow making machine is effectively improved, and the outlet of the condensation side heat exchanger (8) is connected with the water inlet of the nozzle (1); the cold water mode is suitable for the extreme condition that the environmental temperature is higher than minus 1 ℃, and when the cold energy of the low-temperature air provided by the refrigerating system is not enough to form snow, the evaporation side heat exchanger (7) is used for cooling water and air at the same time, so that the snow-forming system is suitable for various environmental working conditions; the hot water pre-spraying mode is adopted before operation, so that the influence of freezing blockage formed by a nozzle on the snow making effect during shutdown is prevented; and the control module (9) is connected with the big fan (3), the small fan (4), the water pump (5) and the refrigerating system (6) to control the start and stop.
2. The rapid snow forming system for realizing condensation heat recovery and the operation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein: the system is divided into a hot water mode and a cold water mode when in operation, a pipeline L1 is opened to correspond to the hot water mode, a pipeline L3 is opened to correspond to the cold water mode, and when the ambient temperature is higher than-1 ℃, the cold water mode is started to make snow;
the operation steps of the system in operation are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, a control module (9) is used for controlling and starting a refrigerating system (6), after the working condition of a heat exchanger is stable, a water pump (5) is started, a pipeline L1 is opened to enable cold water to enter a condensation side heat exchanger (8) for heating, when the water temperature reaches 35-40 ℃, an outlet of the condensation side heat exchanger (8) is opened to enable hot water to be sprayed out of a nozzle (1) in advance, and the phenomenon that the nozzle is frozen and blocked during shutdown to influence the snow making effect is prevented;
step two: starting a small fan (4) to enable air to enter an evaporation side heat exchanger (7) for cooling;
step three: opening the large fan (3) and the outlet of the evaporation side heat exchanger (7) to provide a low-temperature environment for snow making;
step four: in the hot water mode, the water pump (5) is turned on, the line L1 is opened, and cold water is introduced into the condensation-side heat exchanger (8) to be heated, and the water temperature is adjusted by the valve of the line L2. Opening an outlet of the condensation side heat exchanger (8) to provide hot water for snow making for the nozzle, and adjusting the water temperature to 35-40 ℃ through a bypass valve; in the cold water mode, the water pump (5) is turned on, the pipeline L3 is opened, cold water enters the evaporation side heat exchanger (7) for cooling, and the water temperature is adjusted by the valve of the pipeline L2. And then the outlet of the evaporation side heat exchanger (7) is opened to provide cold water for snow making for the nozzle.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN114992936A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-09-02 | 潘军奇 | Energy-concerving and environment-protective type ski field equipment of making snow |
| CN115046342A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-09-13 | 西安交通大学 | Ice slurry snow making machine and control method |
| CN116928920A (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2023-10-24 | 中山市三震制冷科技有限公司 | Snow maker and control method |
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| CN116928920B (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2024-06-04 | 中山市三震制冷科技有限公司 | Snow maker and control method |
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Application publication date: 20220401 |