CN114263664A - High-efficient coupling mechanism who compromises to bear and thermal-insulated demand - Google Patents
High-efficient coupling mechanism who compromises to bear and thermal-insulated demand Download PDFInfo
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- CN114263664A CN114263664A CN202111215069.2A CN202111215069A CN114263664A CN 114263664 A CN114263664 A CN 114263664A CN 202111215069 A CN202111215069 A CN 202111215069A CN 114263664 A CN114263664 A CN 114263664A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of structural design, and discloses a connecting mechanism which has high efficiency and meets the requirements of bearing and heat insulation, and the connecting mechanism comprises a metal joint and a ceramic gasket; the metal connecting mechanism is composed of a left connecting structure and a right connecting structure, and the ceramic gasket is filled in a gap between the left connecting mechanism and the right connecting mechanism, so that the left connecting mechanism and the right connecting mechanism are not contacted with each other. The invention changes any force into pressure when transmitted by the connecting mechanism through the connection of the left connecting structure and the right connecting structure, and the ceramic gasket filled in the gap between the metal connecting structures has the characteristics of strong bearing capacity and good heat insulation effect, thereby realizing the purposes of bearing and heat insulation at the same time with high efficiency, and the invention has the characteristics of high efficiency and heat insulation and improvement of the bearing capacity of the structure, is convenient and easy to operate, has higher reliability of the combination of the metal connecting structure and the ceramic gasket, is easy to prepare, and has strong engineering practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of structural design, and particularly relates to a connecting mechanism which efficiently meets both the bearing requirement and the heat insulation requirement.
Background
The rapid development of aerospace technology, particularly hypersonic aircrafts, puts high demands on the bearing capacity and the heat insulation capacity of the aircraft structure, and the bearing and heat insulation integrated structure becomes an excellent choice for the hypersonic aircrafts due to the functions of bearing and heat insulation. Research shows that the bearing and heat insulation integration formed by the designed metal material and the heat insulation material can simultaneously have the functions of bearing and heat insulation. The bearing capacity and the heat insulation capacity of the structure are improved simultaneously by reasonably arranging the metal materials and the heat insulation materials.
At present, various integrated bearing and heat insulation configurations are applied to practical engineering, and the configurations generally consist of metal materials and heat insulation materials. However, since the heat insulating material does not have a load bearing capacity, the metal material for load bearing and the heat insulating material for heat protection are often separately placed.
In the existing integrated structure of load and heat insulation, a corrugated sandwich plate structure with separated metal materials and heat insulation materials is mostly used, for example, the document "Performance improvement of integrated thermal protection system used-stabilized composite phase change material" uses a mode of filling the gaps of the metal sandwich plate with heat insulation asbestos. In practical application, the structure obtained by separately arranging the metal material and the heat insulation material for heat protection is very easy to generate a thermal short circuit phenomenon because: because the used heat insulation material has no bearing capacity and the structure needs to bear larger external load, the metal material connects the external heat source with the internal structure, the external load is transmitted to the internal structure through the metal component, and compared with the heat insulation material, the metal material has high heat conductivity coefficient, so that heat is easily transmitted along the force transmission path.
However, not all insulating materials have a load-bearing capacity, and some insulating materials have a high load-bearing capacity for a specific type of load, for example, ceramic materials have a high pressure-bearing capacity as well as a high thermal protection capacity. If a part of the metal component can be structurally designed, any type of load passing through the part can be changed into a pressure load, and then the gasket made of the heat-insulating ceramic material is filled in the pressure-receiving area, so that the heat-insulating material can be arranged on the force transmission path, and therefore, the heat transmission along the metal component can be blocked, and the bearing capacity of the structure can be improved to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a connecting mechanism which has high efficiency and meets the requirements of bearing and heat insulation, wherein a certain part of a metal component is designed into a structure capable of changing any type of load into pressure, and a heat transfer path is blocked by a method of filling heat insulation ceramics with good heat insulation effect and strong pressure bearing capacity in a pressure bearing area, so that the occurrence of a thermal short circuit phenomenon is prevented, and the purpose of thermal protection is achieved; in addition, because the ceramic material has strong compressive rigidity, the bearing capacity of the structure is improved to a certain degree. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high-efficiency connecting mechanism with both bearing and heat insulation requirements comprises a metal joint, a heat insulation gasket 3 and two rectangular metal rods A;
a metal joint is arranged between the two rectangular metal rods A, and a heat insulation gasket 3 is filled in a gap between the metal joint and the rectangular metal rods A; the metal joint is of a tenon-and-mortise structure and mainly comprises a cross-shaped tenon structure 1 and a square frame-and-mortise structure 2; the cross tenon structure 1 consists of a connecting rod 4 and a cross tenon 5, wherein the free end of the connecting rod 4 is connected with a rectangular metal rod A; the square frame-shaped mortise structure 2 consists of a square metal ring 6 and four same metal rods 7, and the free ends of the metal rods 7 are connected with another rectangular metal rod A; the square metal ring 6, the metal rod 7 and the rectangular metal rod A form a square hole 8, the volume of the square hole 8 is larger than that of the cross tenon structure 1, a gap is reserved after the square hole 8 and the cross tenon structure are spliced, and the side length of the square hole 8 is larger than the thickness of the cross tenon 5; the heat insulation gasket 3 comprises an upper gasket 9, a middle connecting gasket 10 and a bottom gasket 11, which are all made of heat insulation ceramics and are filled in a connecting gap of the metal joint, so that the cross tenon structure 1 of the metal joint is not contacted with the square frame mortise structure 2; the metal joint is connected with the heat insulation gasket 3 in a friction-free contact mode.
The cross section of the connecting rod 4 is square, the cross section of the connecting rod is smaller than the cross section A of the rectangular metal rod, and the centers of the cross sections of the connecting rod and the rectangular metal rod are superposed; the cross tenon 5 is composed of a square and four rectangles on the cross section, and the rectangle and the square share the same side; the width of the cross tenon 5 is the same as the side length of the rectangular metal rod A; wherein the square is completely superposed with the cross section of the connecting rod 4, and the thickness of the cross tenon 5 is the same as that of the long side of the rectangle.
The cross section of the metal rod 7 is square; the side length of the outer ring of the square metal ring 6 is the same as that of the rectangular metal rod A, the side length of the inner ring is the same as that of the outer diameter of the middle connecting gasket 10, and the thickness and the ring width of the square metal ring 6 are the same as those of the section of the metal rod 7.
The upper gasket 9 and the middle connecting gasket 10 are both square rings; the side length of the outer diameter of the upper gasket 9 is the same as that of the rectangular metal rod A, the side length of the inner diameter of the upper gasket is the same as that of the connecting rod 4, and the thickness of the upper gasket is the distance between the rectangular metal rod A and the square frame-and-mortise structure 2 in the cross-shaped tenon structure 1; the thickness and the outer diameter side length of the middle connecting gasket 10 are respectively the same as the thickness and the outer ring side length of the square metal ring 6, and the inner diameter side length is the same as the side length of the connecting rod 4; the bottom gasket 11 comprises a square frame and four identical square rings; the side length of the outer side of the square frame is the same as that of the square hole 8; the top of the square frame is provided with a hole which is square, and the side length of the hole is the same as that of the connecting rod 4; the centers of four side surfaces of the square frame are respectively provided with the same square holes, and the side length of each square hole is the same as the thickness of the cross tenon 5; the side length of the outer diameter of the square ring of the bottom gasket 11 is the same as that of the square hole 8, the side length of the inner diameter is the same as that of the cross-shaped tenon 2, and the thickness is the same as that of the cross section of the metal rod 7.
The cross tenon structure 1 and the square frame mortise structure 2 are extruded in an interaction mode; the heat insulation gasket 3 and the metal joint are not bonded.
When the connecting mechanism is specifically spliced, after the metal joint cross tenon structure 1 and the square frame mortise structure 2 are sleeved, the other ends of the metal joint cross tenon structure and the square frame mortise structure are respectively spliced with a rectangular metal rod A.
The part is structurally designed on a part of a metal structure, any type of load passing through the part is changed into pressure load, and then a gasket made of heat-insulating ceramic material is filled in a pressure zone, so that heat-insulating materials with high compressive rigidity can be arranged on a force transmission path; the method achieves the purpose of arranging the heat insulation material on the heat transfer path, so that the heat transfer along the metal part can be blocked, and the bearing capacity of the structure can be improved to a certain extent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the heat insulation material is arranged on the heat transmission path, so that the heat transmission to the internal structure along the force transmission path is effectively blocked, and the thermal short circuit phenomenon is eliminated.
2) The arrangement mode of the heat insulation material and the metal material is that the heat insulation material is arranged in the gap area of the metal material joint, good heat protection effect can be obtained by using a small amount of material, and compared with the traditional method of separately arranging the metal material and the heat insulation material, the method greatly reduces the using amount of the heat insulation material, and greatly reduces the weight of the structure.
3) The invention realizes the purpose of arranging the heat insulation material on the heat transfer path by the method that a part of the metal structure is structurally designed, any type of load passing through the part is changed into pressure load, then the gasket made of heat insulation ceramic material is filled in the pressure zone, and the heat insulation material with strong compression rigidity is arranged on the force transfer path. The design replaces the part of the metal part bearing the pressure with the ceramic material with strong compressive rigidity, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the structure to a certain extent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection mechanism with high efficiency and meeting the requirements of bearing and heat insulation.
FIG. 2(a) is a schematic view of a rectangular metal rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 2(b) is a schematic view of a metallic joint dovetail of the present invention;
FIG. 2(c) is a schematic diagram of a cube frame structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2(d) is a diagram of the configuration of the insulating ceramic gasket of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural view of a mortise joint structure of a metal joint according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the relationship between a rectangular metal rod and a connecting rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 5(a) is a schematic view of a cross-shaped tenon according to the present invention;
FIG. 5(b) is a perspective view of the cross-shaped tenon construction of the present invention;
FIG. 6(a) is a perspective view of a metal joint mortise joint structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6(b) is a top view of the square frame structure of the invention;
FIG. 6(c) is a schematic diagram of a square hole formed by a square frame-and-mortise structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the splicing mode of the metal mortise-tenon joint according to the present invention;
FIG. 8(a) is a structural view of an insulating ceramic gasket according to the present invention;
FIG. 8(b) is a top view of the upper gasket of the present invention;
FIG. 8(c) is a front view of an insulating ceramic shim of the present invention;
FIG. 8(d) is a schematic view of the gap between the metal mortise and tenon joint according to the present invention;
FIG. 8(e) is a schematic view of a square ring of the present invention;
FIG. 8(f) is a schematic view of a square frame of the bottom gasket of the present invention
FIG. 8(g) is a schematic diagram of the assembly of four square rings of the bottom gasket of the present invention;
FIG. 9(a) is a view showing a combination of a metallic dovetail joint and an insulating ceramic gasket according to the present invention;
fig. 9(b) is a view showing a combination of the metal rivet joint and the heat insulating ceramic gasket according to the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1-a cross tenon structure; 2-square frame structure; 3-heat insulating spacer; a-a rectangular metal rod; 4-a connecting rod; 5-a cross tenon; 6-square metal ring; 7-a metal rod; 8-square holes; 9-upper gasket; 10-connecting a gasket in the middle; 11-bottom gasket.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a connection mechanism with high efficiency and satisfying both bearing and heat insulation requirements comprises a metal joint, a heat insulation gasket 3 and two rectangular metal rods a;
the mortise and tenon structure mainly comprises a cross tenon structure 1 and a square frame mortise structure 2, wherein the cross tenon structure comprises a connecting rod 4 and a cross tenon 5, the cross section of the connecting rod 4 is square, and the cross section of the connecting rod is smaller than the section A of the rectangular metal rod. The centers of the cross sections of the connecting rod 4 and the cross tenon 5 are superposed, the cross section of the cross tenon 1 is composed of a square and four rectangles, wherein the square is completely superposed with the cross section of the connecting rod 4, the long sides of the four rectangles are superposed with the sides of the square, the length of the short side of the rectangle is equal to the distance from the side of the square to the metal rod, and the thickness of the cross tenon 5 is the same as the side length of the square;
the square frame-and-mortise structure 2 consists of a square metal ring 6 and four identical metal rods 7, the side length of the outer ring of the square metal ring 6 is identical to that of the section A of the rectangular metal rod, and the side length of the inner ring of the square metal ring 6 is identical to that of the outer diameter of a connecting gasket 10 in the middle of the heat insulation gasket 3; the cross section of the metal rod 7 is square, and the side length of the cross section is the same as the thickness of a square ring of the middle gasket 10; the square metal ring 6, the metal rod 7 and the rectangular metal rod A form a square hole 8, and the side of the square hole 8 is larger than the thickness of the cross tenon 5;
the splicing mode of the metal joint tenon structure and the metal joint mortise structure is in frictionless contact as shown in figure 7;
the heat insulation gasket 3 consists of an upper gasket 9, a middle connecting gasket 10 and a bottom gasket 11; the upper gasket 9 is a square ring, the side length of the outer diameter of the square ring is the same as that of the section of the rectangular metal rod A, the side length of the section of the connecting rod 4 with the side length of the inner diameter of the square ring is the same, and the thickness of the square ring is the distance between the rectangular metal rod A in the cross tenon structure 1 and the square frame mortise structure 2.
The middle connecting gasket 10 is a square ring, the thickness and the outer diameter side length of the middle connecting gasket are respectively the same as the thickness of the square metal ring 6 and the outer ring side length, and the inner diameter side length of the middle connecting gasket 10 is the same as the section side length of the connecting rod 4.
The bottom gasket 11 consists of a square frame and four identical square rings, the outer side length of the square frame is the same as the side length of the square hole 8, the top of the square frame is provided with a hole which is square, and the side length of the hole is the same as the side length of the section of the connecting rod 4; four square holes which are completely identical and the centers of which are superposed with the center of the cross tenon 5 are formed on the periphery of the square frame, and the side length of each square hole is identical to the thickness of the cross tenon 5; the side length of the outer diameter of the square ring is the same as that of the square hole, the side length of the inner diameter of the square ring is the same as that of the cross-shaped tenon 5, and the thickness of the square ring is the same as that of the side length of the cross section of the metal rod 7;
after the connection structure is combined, the heat insulation gasket 3 is completely wrapped on the cross tenon structure 1 and the square frame mortise structure 2, and the combination effect is shown in fig. 8(a), so that the cross tenon structure 1 is not in contact with the square frame mortise structure 2, and the purpose of heat protection is achieved.
The heat insulation gasket 3 is made of heat insulation ceramic with strong bearing capacity and good heat insulation effect, and is filled in a connecting gap of the metal joints, so that the metal joints are not mutually contacted.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A connecting mechanism which has high efficiency and meets the requirements of bearing and heat insulation is characterized by comprising a metal joint, a heat insulation gasket (3) and two rectangular metal rods (A); a metal joint is arranged between the two rectangular metal rods (A), and a heat insulation gasket (3) is filled in a gap between the metal joint and the rectangular metal rods (A); the metal joint is of a tenon-and-mortise structure and mainly comprises a cross tenon structure (1) and a square frame-and-mortise structure (2); the cross tenon structure (1) consists of a connecting rod (4) and a cross tenon (5), and the free end of the connecting rod (4) is connected with a rectangular metal rod (A); the square frame-and-mortise structure (2) consists of a square metal ring (6) and four same metal rods (7), and the free end of each metal rod (7) is connected with another rectangular metal rod (A); the square metal ring (6), the metal rod (7) and the rectangular metal rod (A) form a square hole (8), the volume of the square hole (8) is larger than that of the cross tenon structure (1), a gap is reserved after the square hole and the cross tenon structure are spliced, and the side length of the square hole (8) is larger than the thickness of the cross tenon (5); the heat insulation gasket (3) comprises an upper gasket (9), a middle connecting gasket (10) and a bottom gasket (11), which are all made of heat insulation ceramics and filled in a connecting gap of the metal joint, so that the cross tenon structure (1) of the metal joint is not in contact with the square frame mortise structure (2); the metal joint and the heat insulation gasket (3) are connected in a friction-free contact mode.
2. The connecting mechanism with high efficiency and both bearing and heat insulation requirements according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cross section of the connecting rod (4) is square, the cross section of the connecting rod is smaller than that of the rectangular metal rod (A), and the centers of the cross sections of the connecting rod and the rectangular metal rod are coincident; the cross tenon (5) is composed of a square and four rectangles in cross section, and the rectangles and the squares are on the same side; the width of the cross tenon (5) is the same as the side length of the rectangular metal rod (A); wherein the cross section of the square is completely overlapped with that of the connecting rod (4), and the thickness of the cross tenon (5) is the same as that of the long side of the rectangle.
3. A connection mechanism with high efficiency and requirements for load bearing and heat insulation as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross section of the metal rod (7) is square; the side length of the outer ring of the square metal ring (6) is the same as that of the rectangular metal rod (A), the side length of the inner ring is the same as that of the outer diameter of the middle connecting gasket (10), and the thickness and the ring width of the square metal ring (6) are the same as those of the section of the metal rod (7).
4. The connecting mechanism with high efficiency and bearing and heat insulation requirements as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper gasket (9) and the middle connecting gasket (10) are both square rings; the side length of the outer diameter of the upper gasket (9) is the same as that of the rectangular metal rod (A), the side length of the inner diameter of the upper gasket is the same as that of the connecting rod (4), and the thickness of the upper gasket is the distance between the rectangular metal rod (A) and the square frame-mortise structure (2) in the cross-shaped tenon structure (1); the thickness and the outer diameter side length of the middle connecting gasket (10) are respectively the same as those of the square metal ring (6) and the outer ring, and the inner diameter side length is the same as that of the connecting rod (4); the bottom gasket (11) comprises a square frame and four identical square rings; the side length of the outer side of the square frame is the same as that of the square hole (8); the top of the square frame is provided with a hole which is square, and the side length of the hole is the same as that of the connecting rod (4); the centers of four side surfaces of the square frame are respectively provided with the same square holes, and the side length of each square hole is the same as the thickness of the cross tenon (5); the side length of the outer diameter of a square ring of the bottom gasket (11) is the same as that of the square hole (8), the side length of the inner diameter is the same as the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon (2), and the thickness is the same as that of the cross section of the metal rod (7).
5. A connection mechanism with high efficiency and with both bearing and heat insulation requirements according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper gasket (9) and the middle connecting gasket (10) are both square rings; the side length of the outer diameter of the upper gasket (9) is the same as that of the rectangular metal rod (A), the side length of the inner diameter of the upper gasket is the same as that of the connecting rod (4), and the thickness of the upper gasket is the distance between the rectangular metal rod (A) and the square frame-mortise structure (2) in the cross-shaped tenon structure (1); the thickness and the outer diameter side length of the middle connecting gasket (10) are respectively the same as those of the square metal ring (6) and the outer ring, and the inner diameter side length is the same as that of the connecting rod (4); the bottom gasket (11) comprises a square frame and four identical square rings; the side length of the outer side of the square frame is the same as that of the square hole (8); the top of the square frame is provided with a hole which is square, and the side length of the hole is the same as that of the connecting rod (4); the centers of four side surfaces of the square frame are respectively provided with the same square holes, and the side length of each square hole is the same as the thickness of the cross tenon (5); the side length of the outer diameter of a square ring of the bottom gasket (11) is the same as that of the square hole (8), the side length of the inner diameter is the same as the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon (2), and the thickness is the same as that of the cross section of the metal rod (7).
6. A connection mechanism with high efficiency and both bearing and heat insulation requirements according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that; the metal joint ensures that no matter what external force is applied to the metal rod piece, the interaction form between the cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame-and-mortise structure (2) is extrusion; the heat insulation gasket (3) and the metal joint are not bonded; when the connecting mechanism is specifically spliced, after the metal joint cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame mortise structure (2) are sleeved with each other, the other ends of the metal joint cross tenon structure and the square frame mortise structure are respectively spliced with the rectangular metal rod (A).
7. A connection mechanism for achieving both load bearing and thermal insulation as claimed in claim 3, wherein; the metal joint ensures that no matter what external force is applied to the metal rod piece, the interaction form between the cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame-and-mortise structure (2) is extrusion; the heat insulation gasket (3) and the metal joint are not bonded; when the connecting mechanism is specifically spliced, after the metal joint cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame mortise structure (2) are sleeved with each other, the other ends of the metal joint cross tenon structure and the square frame mortise structure are respectively spliced with the rectangular metal rod (A).
8. A connecting mechanism with high efficiency and both bearing and heat insulation requirements according to claim 4 is characterized in that; the metal joint ensures that no matter what external force is applied to the metal rod piece, the interaction form between the cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame-and-mortise structure (2) is extrusion; the heat insulation gasket (3) and the metal joint are not bonded; when the connecting mechanism is specifically spliced, after the metal joint cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame mortise structure (2) are sleeved with each other, the other ends of the metal joint cross tenon structure and the square frame mortise structure are respectively spliced with the rectangular metal rod (A).
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