CN114260534A - Vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr - Google Patents
Vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr Download PDFInfo
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- CN114260534A CN114260534A CN202111665475.9A CN202111665475A CN114260534A CN 114260534 A CN114260534 A CN 114260534A CN 202111665475 A CN202111665475 A CN 202111665475A CN 114260534 A CN114260534 A CN 114260534A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and discloses a vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, wherein oxygen-free copper Tu1 is used as a transition metal for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, the oxygen-free copper Ti-6Al-4V, Tu1 and CuZrC are pretreated, then Ti-6Al-4V, brazing filler metal, the oxygen-free copper Tu1, brazing filler metal and CuZrCr are sequentially placed in a brazing clamp to be assembled to form a brazing piece, the whole brazing piece is placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and the furnace is opened after the vacuum brazing step is executed; the invention fills the blank of the vacuum brazing process field of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, can solve the problem of larger difference of the physical properties of the dissimilar connection of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, realizes the reliable connection of the Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, and has wide application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr.
Background
The superconducting feeder system is used as one of the key components of the nuclear fusion reactor and is used for connecting a room temperature power supply and a low temperature superconducting magnet system to realize the transmission of the excitation current of the superconducting magnet system. The use working condition of the superconducting feeder cooling system is an extreme condition, and the temperature of a cooling pipeline of the conventional superconducting feeder system is 4.2K and 77K respectively. In order to accurately acquire temperature parameters on the cooling pipeline, a large number of temperature measuring seats are required to be arranged on the 4.2K and 77K cooling pipelines. The general temperature measuring seat is formed by welding two materials, the difference of physical properties of the two materials is large, shrinkage stress is easily generated in the vacuum brazing cooling process to cause the cracking of a brazing surface, even the failure of the brazing surface, so that the temperature collection is not accurate or effective, in addition, according to the actual engineering requirements, the connection hole rate is less than 1%, and meanwhile, the tight adhesion cannot be realized during the brazing assembly, so that the welding defect Ti-6Al-4V generated in the brazing process has lower density, very high strength, good plasticity and toughness, good fatigue performance, enough corrosion resistance and high temperature strength, and high specific strength, and is an excellent light structure material. In recent years, Ti-6Al-4V is increasingly applied to engineering structures, such as the fields of aerospace, petrochemical industry, shipbuilding, instruments and meters, metallurgical industry, biomedical engineering and the like. The CuZrCr has good mechanical property and electrical conductivity, so that the CuZrCr can be widely applied to the fields of motor manufacturing, aerospace, transportation, metallurgy, electric power, electronics, welding tools and the like. The high-quality connection of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr can meet the weight reduction and function requirements of some special structural components, can meet the requirements of light weight and high strength, can meet the requirements of electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, candle resistance and wear resistance, and has wide application prospects in the fields of aerospace, instruments, shipbuilding, chemical engineering and the like. The connection of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr is the connection between dissimilar materials, and the connection of the two materials has a plurality of difficulties due to the large difference of the physical properties of the materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, fills the blank in the field of vacuum brazing process of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, and solves the problem of dissimilar connection of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr adopts Tu1 oxygen-free copper as a connecting transition metal of the Ti-6Al-4V and the CuZrCr, and comprises the following specific steps:
pretreating the Ti-6Al-4V base material, wherein the pretreatment comprises oil removal, washing and blow-drying in sequence;
pretreating Tu1 oxygen-free copper and CuZrC, sequentially removing an oxide film, washing and drying;
sequentially placing Ti-6Al-4V, brazing filler metal, Tu1 oxygen-free copper, brazing filler metal and CuZrCr in a brazing clamp to assemble to form a brazing part;
and putting the assembled whole brazing piece into a vacuum brazing furnace, opening the furnace after the vacuum brazing step is executed, taking out the brazing piece, and opening the brazing clamp.
Preferably, the degreasing, washing and drying specifically include:
immersing the Ti-6Al-4V base material into an oil removing solution at 90 ℃ for 5 minutes, washing with flowing hot water, and drying by dry and oilless compressed air;
the oil removing solution is prepared by mixing and proportioning 40g/L of sodium hydroxide, 30g/L of sodium carbonate, 30g/L of trisodium phosphate, 5g/L of sodium silicate and water.
Preferably, the step of removing oil and washing further comprises an operation of removing an oxide film, and the operation specifically comprises the following steps: the Ti-6Al-4V base material is immersed in a solution prepared by mixing nitric acid 60ml/L, hydrochloric acid 50ml/L, hydrofluoric acid 5ml/L and water at 25 ℃ for 5 minutes and then taken out.
Preferably, the sequentially removing the oxide film, washing and drying specifically comprises:
soaking Tu1 oxygen-free copper and CuZrC in a solution prepared by mixing and proportioning 300-400 ml/L sulfuric acid, 35ml/L nitric acid, 10ml/L complexing agent industrial pure ammonium chloride, 6ml/L corrosion inhibitor industrial pure benzotriazole and water at 40 ℃ for 5 minutes, taking out, washing with deionized water, and drying with dry and oil-free compressed air.
Preferably, the brazing filler metal is Ag68Cu28Ti4 foil-shaped brazing filler metal, and the melting temperature of the brazing filler metal is 800-820 ℃.
Preferably, the brazing clamp comprises a bottom plate, an upper plate and a compression bolt, wherein the compression bolt penetrates through holes formed in the bottom plate and the upper plate and is used for fastening a welding sample piece consisting of Ti-6Al-4V, brazing filler metal, Tu1 oxygen-free copper, brazing filler metal and CuZrCr through nuts positioned at two ends of the bolt.
Preferably, the vacuum brazing step comprises:
closing the furnace door, and starting an air pumping system of the vacuum brazing furnace;
and opening the furnace and taking out the welding device after the heating and heat preservation steps are sequentially executed step by step.
Preferably, the step of sequentially performing temperature rise and heat preservation comprises the following specific steps:
firstly heating to 650 ℃, and preserving heat;
then heating to 870 ℃, and preserving heat;
then the temperature is increased to 910 ℃ and the temperature is preserved.
Preferably, the temperature rise time of 650 ℃ is 120 minutes and the heat preservation time is 60 minutes;
the temperature rise time of 870 ℃ is 60 minutes and the heat preservation time is 90 minutes;
the temperature rise time of 910 ℃ is 20 minutes and the heat preservation time is 15 minutes.
Preferably, the vacuum degree after starting the air exhaust system of the vacuum brazing furnace is not lower than 1 x 10-3Pa；
Stopping heating after the temperature is kept at 910 ℃, and opening the furnace when the furnace is cooled to below 60 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention creatively provides a brazing method, which adopts Tu1 oxygen-free copper as a connecting transition metal of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, fills in the blank of the vacuum brazing process field of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, solves the problem of dissimilar connection of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, can overcome the physical property of larger difference between Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr, and realizes reliable connection; the brazing clamp designed in a matching manner is simple in structure and convenient to use, can ensure the contact between a matrix material and brazing filler metal, realizes the capillary and wetting effects of brazing, provides an operation basis for the brazing process, solves the problem of large difference of the physical properties of dissimilar connection of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr by matching with the process steps of the invention, and realizes reliable connection.
Further salient features and significant advances with respect to the present invention over the prior art are described in further detail in the examples section.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of assembled brazing members in example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that certain names are used throughout the specification and claims to refer to particular components. It will be understood that one of ordinary skill in the art may refer to the same component by different names. The present specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. As used in the specification and claims of this application, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" are intended to be open-ended terms that should be interpreted as "including, but not limited to," or "including, but not limited to. The embodiments described in the detailed description are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to FIG. 1, the present embodiment provides a vacuum brazing method for Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr connection:
selecting brazing filler metal: in the embodiment, the brazing filler metal 6 is Ag68Cu28Ti4 foil-shaped brazing filler metal, and the melting temperature is 800-820 ℃;
in the embodiment, 0.5-1 mm-thick Tu1 oxygen-free copper 7 is selected as a dissimilar connection transition metal of Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr;
pretreating a Ti-6Al-4V base material 5, wherein the pretreatment comprises degreasing, washing and blow-drying which are sequentially carried out, and specifically comprises the steps of immersing the Ti-6Al-4V base material 5 into a mixed solution which is formed by mixing and proportioning 40g/L of sodium hydroxide, 30g/L of sodium carbonate, 30g/L of trisodium phosphate, 5g/L of sodium silicate and water at 90 ℃ for degreasing, immersing the Ti-6Al-4V base material 5 into a solution which is formed by mixing and proportioning 60ml/L of nitric acid, 50ml/L of hydrochloric acid, 5ml/L of hydrofluoric acid and water for 5 minutes after 5 minutes, taking out, washing with flowing hot water, and then blow-drying with dry and oilless compressed air;
soaking Tu1 oxygen-free copper 7 and CuZrCr matrix material 8 into a solution prepared by mixing 300-400 ml/L of sulfuric acid, 35ml/L of nitric acid, 10ml/L of complexing agent industrial pure ammonium chloride, 6ml/L of corrosion inhibitor industrial pure benzotriazole and water at 40 ℃, taking out after soaking for 5 minutes, washing with deionized water, and then drying by dry oil-free compressed air;
assembling the brazing parts: sequentially placing a Ti-6Al-4V matrix material 5, a brazing filler metal 6, Tu1 oxygen-free copper 7, the brazing filler metal 6 and a CuZrCr matrix material 8 in a brazing clamp to be clamped and assembled to form a brazing piece; the brazing clamp in the embodiment comprises a bottom plate 1, an upper plate 2 and a compression bolt 4, wherein the compression bolt 4 penetrates through holes formed in the bottom plate 1 and the upper plate 2, and a welding sample piece composed of a Ti-6Al-4V base material 5, a brazing filler metal 6, Tu1 oxygen-free copper 7, the brazing filler metal 6 and a CuZrCr base material 8 is fastened through nuts 3 positioned at two ends of the compression bolt 4, and the brazing clamp can be made of stainless steel;
vacuum brazing:
putting the assembled whole brazing part into a vacuum brazing furnace;
closing the furnace door, starting the air pumping system of the vacuum brazing furnace, and ensuring that the vacuum degree is better than 1 multiplied by 10-3Pa；
Heating to 650 ℃ in a vacuum brazing furnace for 120 minutes, and keeping the temperature for 60 minutes;
heating to 870 ℃ in a vacuum brazing furnace for 60 minutes, and preserving heat for 90 minutes;
heating to 910 ℃ for 20 minutes, and keeping the temperature for 15 minutes;
stopping heating, cooling the furnace to below 60 ℃, opening the furnace, taking out the brazing sample piece, and opening the brazing clamp.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr is characterized in that oxygen-free copper Tu1 is used as a connecting transition metal of the Ti-6Al-4V and the CuZrCr, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
pretreating the Ti-6Al-4V base material, wherein the pretreatment comprises oil removal, washing and blow-drying in sequence;
pretreating Tu1 oxygen-free copper and CuZrC, sequentially removing an oxide film, washing and drying;
sequentially placing Ti-6Al-4V, brazing filler metal, Tu1 oxygen-free copper, brazing filler metal and CuZrCr in a brazing clamp to assemble to form a brazing part;
and putting the assembled whole brazing piece into a vacuum brazing furnace, opening the furnace after the vacuum brazing step is executed, taking out the brazing piece, and opening the brazing clamp.
2. The vacuum brazing method for Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr connections according to claim 1, wherein the degreasing, washing and blow-drying specifically comprises:
immersing the Ti-6Al-4V base material into an oil removing solution at 90 ℃ for 5 minutes, washing with flowing hot water, and drying by dry and oilless compressed air;
the oil removing solution is prepared by mixing and proportioning 40g/L of sodium hydroxide, 30g/L of sodium carbonate, 30g/L of trisodium phosphate, 5g/L of sodium silicate and water.
3. The vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr according to claim 2, wherein the step of degreasing and washing is further performed with an oxide film removing operation, specifically comprising: the Ti-6Al-4V base material is immersed in a solution prepared by mixing nitric acid 60ml/L, hydrochloric acid 50ml/L, hydrofluoric acid 5ml/L and water at 25 ℃ for 5 minutes and then taken out.
4. The vacuum brazing method for Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr connections according to claim 1, wherein the sequentially performing the steps of removing the oxide film, washing and blow-drying specifically comprises:
soaking Tu1 oxygen-free copper and CuZrC in a solution prepared by mixing and proportioning 300-400 ml/L sulfuric acid, 35ml/L nitric acid, 10ml/L complexing agent industrial pure ammonium chloride, 6ml/L corrosion inhibitor industrial pure benzotriazole and water at 40 ℃ for 5 minutes, taking out, washing with deionized water, and drying with dry and oil-free compressed air.
5. The vacuum brazing method for Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr connection according to claim 1, wherein the brazing filler metal is Ag68Cu28Ti4 foil brazing filler metal, and the melting temperature of the brazing filler metal is 800-820 ℃.
6. The vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr as recited in claim 1, wherein the brazing jig comprises a bottom plate, an upper plate, and a pressing bolt, the pressing bolt passes through holes formed in the bottom plate and the upper plate, and a welding sample member composed of Ti-6Al-4V, a brazing filler metal, Tu1 oxygen-free copper, a brazing filler metal, and CuZrCr is fastened by nuts located at both ends of the pressing bolt.
7. The vacuum brazing method for Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr connections according to claim 1, wherein said vacuum brazing step comprises:
closing the furnace door, and starting an air pumping system of the vacuum brazing furnace;
and opening the furnace and taking out the welding device after the heating and heat preservation steps are sequentially executed step by step.
8. The vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr according to claim 7, wherein the steps of heating and holding are sequentially performed step by step, and specifically:
firstly heating to 650 ℃, and preserving heat;
then heating to 870 ℃, and preserving heat;
then the temperature is increased to 910 ℃ and the temperature is preserved.
9. The vacuum brazing method for Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr connections according to claim 8, wherein the temperature rise time of 650 ℃ is 120 minutes and the holding time is 60 minutes;
the temperature rise time of 870 ℃ is 60 minutes and the heat preservation time is 90 minutes;
the temperature rise time of 910 ℃ is 20 minutes and the heat preservation time is 15 minutes.
10. The vacuum brazing method for Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr joining as claimed in claim 9, wherein the degree of vacuum after starting up the pumping system of the vacuum brazing furnace is not less than 1 x 10-3Pa；
The thickness of the Tu1 oxygen-free copper is 0.5-1 mm;
stopping heating after the temperature is kept at 910 ℃, and opening the furnace when the furnace is cooled to below 60 ℃.
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