CN114260472A - Bidirectional powder paving device, laser sintering equipment and assembly method of bidirectional powder paving device - Google Patents
Bidirectional powder paving device, laser sintering equipment and assembly method of bidirectional powder paving device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114260472A CN114260472A CN202111640172.1A CN202111640172A CN114260472A CN 114260472 A CN114260472 A CN 114260472A CN 202111640172 A CN202111640172 A CN 202111640172A CN 114260472 A CN114260472 A CN 114260472A
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007648 laser printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 10
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Abstract
The invention provides a bidirectional powder paving device, laser sintering equipment and an assembly method of the bidirectional powder paving device, and relates to the technical field of laser sintering, wherein the bidirectional powder paving device comprises a scraper installation body, a first powder containing groove penetrating through the scraper installation body is arranged along the length direction of the scraper installation body, scraper main bodies are arranged on two sides of the first powder containing groove, and the lower end of each scraper main body protrudes out of the lower end of the scraper installation body; the scraper pressing plate is provided with an upper pressing plate, and the upper pressing plate is located above the scraper main body. The bidirectional powder spreading device provided by the invention is provided with the two scraper main bodies, the first powder containing groove is positioned between the two scraper main bodies, and when the bidirectional powder spreading device reciprocates on the forming cylinder, the bidirectional powder spreading device can continuously spread powder, so that the powder spreading efficiency is improved, the interval between every two layers of laser sintering is reduced, and the laser printing efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser sintering, in particular to a bidirectional powder paving device, laser sintering equipment and an assembly method of the bidirectional powder paving device.
Background
The basic process of the selective laser sintering process is as follows: a certain amount of metal powder is sent to a working table by a powder feeding device on the equipment, a layer of powder material is flatly paved on the upper surface of a formed part of a forming cylinder by a conventional powder paving and scraping mechanism, the powder is heated to a set temperature by a heating device, and a laser is controlled by a vibrating mirror system to scan the powder layer of the solid part according to the section outline of the layer, so that the powder is melted and is bonded with the formed part below; after the section of one layer is sintered, the working table is lowered by the thickness of one layer, the powder spreading and scraping mechanism is used for spreading a layer of uniform and compact powder on the working table, scanning sintering is carried out on the section of a new layer, and the new layer is scanned and overlapped by a plurality of layers until the whole prototype manufacturing is completed.
Every time sintering is carried out, the scraper and the powder spreading mechanism move back and forth above the forming cylinder. The scraper is stopped below the upper powder feeding device to receive powder, and after the powder is received, the scraper spreads the powder for the first time and stops at the other side of the forming cylinder far away from the powder discharging position. After the laser sintering action is finished, the powder paving assembly returns to the upper powder feeding and discharging position, the powder quantity required by the powder paving for the first time is dropped, the powder paving for the second time is carried out, and the time required by printing one layer is longer due to the movement time required in the middle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bidirectional powder paving device, laser sintering equipment and an assembly method of the bidirectional powder paving device, and aims to solve the technical problem that the efficiency of a powder paving mechanism is low in the conventional laser sintering.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a bidirectional powder paving device, which comprises a scraper installation body, wherein a first powder containing groove penetrating through the scraper installation body is arranged along the length direction of the scraper installation body, scraper main bodies are arranged on two sides of the first powder containing groove, and the lower end of each scraper main body protrudes out of the lower end of the scraper installation body;
a scraper pressing plate used for fixing the scraper main body on the scraper mounting body is arranged on the scraper mounting body and is positioned on one side of the scraper main body, which is far away from the scraper mounting body; the scraper pressing plate is provided with an upper pressing plate, and the upper pressing plate is located above the scraper main body.
In an optional embodiment, the first powder containing groove sequentially comprises a discharging groove, a buffer groove and a storage groove from bottom to top, and the cross section of the buffer groove gradually decreases from top to bottom;
the lower extreme of blown down tank forms lets out the powder mouth let out the both sides of powder mouth set up by the scraper main part with the second that the lateral wall of scraper installation body formed holds the powder groove.
In an alternative embodiment, the width of the stock chest is B, and the width of the discharge chute is d; the width of one end of the buffer groove is B, the width of the other end of the buffer groove is D, and the length of the discharge groove is D; wherein B is more than or equal to 8mm and less than or equal to 15mm, D is more than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 3mm, and D is less than or equal to 2.5 mm; the distance between the two scraper main bodies is not less than 30 mm;
two side walls of the longitudinal section of the buffer groove form an included angle gamma which is not more than 180-2 beta, wherein beta is a powder repose angle.
In an optional embodiment, the powder storage device further comprises a scraper fixing seat, wherein the scraper mounting body is arranged at the lower end of the scraper fixing seat, and a feeding hole communicated with the first powder containing groove is formed in the scraper fixing seat;
the lower end of the scraper fixing seat is provided with two scraper supporting plates which are arranged at two ends of the scraper mounting body; mounting cantilever arms are arranged at two ends of the scraper fixing seat in the length direction; the scraper supporting plate is provided with a powder scraping plate, and the length direction of the powder scraping plate is in the same direction as the length direction of the scraper main body.
In an alternative embodiment, one side of the scraper pressure plate facing the scraper main body is provided with an installation groove, and a fixing plate is arranged in the installation groove;
a plurality of fixing holes communicated with the mounting groove are formed in the scraper pressure plate along the length direction of the fixing plate, and fixing pieces used for enabling the fixing plate to be attached to the scraper main body are arranged in the fixing holes;
and a guide assembly is arranged between the fixed plate and the scraper pressing plate and is used for connecting the fixed plate and the scraper pressing plate and limiting the moving direction of the fixed plate.
In an optional embodiment, the scraper main body comprises a handle and a cutter head, the handle is used for connecting the scraper pressing plate, and the cutter head is arranged at the lower end of the handle; and the action plane P of the tool bit is vertical to the side surface of the tool holder.
The bidirectional powder spreading device provided by the invention is provided with the two scraper main bodies, the first powder containing groove is positioned between the two scraper main bodies, and when the bidirectional powder spreading device reciprocates on the forming cylinder, the bidirectional powder spreading device can continuously spread powder, so that the powder spreading efficiency is improved, the interval between every two layers of laser sintering is reduced, and the laser printing efficiency is improved.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a laser sintering apparatus, comprising an apparatus main body, a laser galvanometer component, a powder feeding component and the bidirectional powder laying device according to any one of the foregoing embodiments;
a working cavity is arranged in the equipment main body, a rear opening is arranged at one end of the equipment main body, a rear door is arranged at the rear opening, a front opening is arranged at the other end of the equipment main body, a front door is arranged at the front opening, the direction from the rear door to the front door is a first direction, and the first direction is vertical to the length direction of the scraper mounting body;
guide rails and a driving device used for enabling the bidirectional powder spreading device to move along the guide rails are arranged on two sides of the first direction in the working cavity, a sliding block is arranged on the guide rails in a sliding mode, and the sliding block is used for being connected with a mounting picking arm of the bidirectional powder spreading device so that the bidirectional powder spreading device can move in the first direction; the symmetrical center lines of the two scraper main bodies are superposed with the symmetrical center line of the sliding block;
a rear powder overflow box, a working cylinder and a front powder overflow box are sequentially arranged on a working cavity bottom plate of the equipment main body along a first direction;
the laser galvanometer component and the powder feeding component are arranged at the upper end of the equipment main body, and the lower end of the powder feeding component extends into the working cavity.
The invention also provides laser sintering equipment which adopts the bidirectional powder paving device, so that all the beneficial effects of the bidirectional powder paving device are achieved.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an assembling method of a bidirectional powder spreading device, comprising the following steps:
s1, installing the scraper fixing seat of the bidirectional powder spreading device on the equipment main body, detecting the scraper mounting surface X of the scraper fixing seat by using a detection device, and adjusting the scraper fixing seat according to the detection result of the detection device until the scraper mounting surface X is qualified;
s2, mounting the scraper main body of the bidirectional powder spreading device on the equipment main body, and detecting the scraper surface Y of the scraper main body by using a detection device; and adjusting the scraper main body according to the detection result of the detection device until the scraper surface Y is qualified in detection.
In an alternative embodiment, before step S2, the method further includes step S02:
in step S02, fixing the scraper mounting body on a movable plate of an adjusting tool for fixed connection, and then freely dropping the action plane P of the scraper main body on the reference plane Z of the adjusting tool seat of the adjusting tool; the scraper pressing plate is fixed on the scraper mounting body, and the scraper main body is clamped and fixed between the scraper pressing plate and the scraper mounting body.
In an optional embodiment, the detection device comprises a detection bottom plate, at least two detection bases are arranged on the detection bottom plate, and a distance meter is arranged on each detection base; in step S1 or step S2, the step of detecting with the detecting means includes the steps of:
s121, descending the working cylinder, placing the detection device on the sintering substrate on the working cylinder, ascending the working cylinder to enable the distance between the distance meter and the surface to be detected to be within the measuring range of the distance meter, starting the distance meter to measure and recording the numerical value;
s122, moving the surface to be detected in a first direction, and measuring and recording numerical values of the surface to be detected by the distance meter when the surface to be detected moves for a fixed distance;
and S123, analyzing the recorded numerical value to obtain the parallelism of the surface to be detected and the guide rail.
The assembling method of the bidirectional powder spreading device provided by the invention can effectively ensure that the action surfaces P of the two scraper main bodies on the bidirectional powder spreading device are in the same plane, thereby ensuring the control of the bidirectional powder spreading printing effect and realizing the bidirectional powder spreading function.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional powder spreading device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a scraper mounting body of the bidirectional powder spreading device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a scraper main body of the bidirectional powder spreading device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the scraper pressing plate and the fixing plate of the bidirectional powder spreading device shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional powder spreading device provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional powder spreading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser sintering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between a guide rail and a bidirectional powder spreading device of the laser sintering apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting tool used in the assembling method of the bidirectional powder spreading device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the detection of the scraper mounting surface X in the assembling method of the bidirectional powder spreading device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the detection of the blade surface Y in the assembling method of the bidirectional powder spreading device according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a detection position of a detection device in the assembling method of the bidirectional powder spreading device according to the embodiment of the invention.
Icon: 100-a scraper mounting body; 200-a scraper press plate; 300-the scraper body; 301-a knife handle; 302-a cutter head; 400-a first powder containing groove; 401-a storage tank; 402-a buffer tank; 403-discharge chute; 500-a fixture; 600-a fixed plate; 700-a powder layer; 800-a second powder containing groove; 900-powder discharge port; 110-a doctor blade holder; 120-installing a cantilever arm; 130-a doctor blade carrier; 140-a powder scraping plate; 150-a feed port; 160-a device body; 170-laser galvanometer assembly; 180-a powder feeding assembly; 190-a rear door; 210-front door; 220-rear powder overflow box; 230-front overflow powder box; 240-a working cylinder; 250-a guide rail; 260-a drive device; 270-detecting the bottom plate; 280-a range finder; 290-sintering the substrate; 310-adjusting a tool seat; 320-a movable plate; 330-detection base; 340-a working chamber; 350-a working chamber floor; 360-mounting groove; 370-fixation holes; 380-a guide assembly; 381-first connecting member; 382-a second connector; 390-slide block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a bidirectional powder spreading device, including a scraper mounting body 100, a first powder containing groove 400 penetrating through the scraper mounting body 100 is arranged along a length direction of the scraper mounting body 100, scraper main bodies 300 are arranged on two sides of the first powder containing groove 400, and a lower end of the scraper main body 300 protrudes from a lower end of the scraper mounting body 100;
a scraper pressure plate 200 used for fixing the scraper main body 300 on the scraper mounting body 100 is arranged on the scraper mounting body 100, and the scraper pressure plate 200 is positioned on one side of the scraper main body 300 far away from the scraper mounting body 100; the doctor blade press plate 200 has an upper press plate located above the doctor blade body 300.
In some embodiments, the scraper mounting body 100 has a length direction, the length direction of the first powder containing groove 400 is the same as the length direction of the scraper mounting body 100, the first powder containing groove 400 can receive twice the amount of powder required for single-layer powder spreading at the powder feeding assembly 180, and further, after the bidirectional powder spreading device receives the powder at the powder feeding assembly 180, the powder can be spread on the sintering substrate 290 of the working cylinder 240, and in the process of reverse movement, the powder can be spread on the sintering substrate 290 again, and further, the bidirectional powder spreading device can move to the powder feeding assembly 180 again, and in the process of laser sintering of the powder by the laser galvanometer assembly 170, the powder feeding assembly 180 can receive the powder by the first powder containing groove 400, so that the problem that after unidirectional powder spreading, the powder spreading device needs to move to the powder feeding assembly 180 again to receive the powder is avoided, and the efficiency of laser sintering is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 2, in an alternative embodiment, the first powder containing groove 400 includes a discharging groove 403, a buffer groove 402 and a storage groove 401 in sequence from bottom to top, and the cross section of the buffer groove 402 gradually decreases from top to bottom;
a powder discharge port 900 is formed at the lower end of the discharge chute 403, and second powder containing grooves 800 formed by the side walls of the scraper main body 300 and the scraper mounting body 100 are arranged at both sides of the powder discharge port 900.
In an alternative embodiment, the width of the storage chute 401 is B, and the width of the discharge chute 403 is d; the width of one end of the buffer groove 402 is B, and the width of the other end is d; the length of the discharge chute 403 is D, wherein B is more than or equal to 8mm and less than or equal to 15mm, D is more than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 3mm, and D is less than or equal to 2.5 mm; the distance between the two scraper main bodies 300 is not less than 30 mm;
two side walls of the longitudinal section of the buffer groove 402 form an included angle gamma which is not more than 180-2 beta, wherein beta is a powder repose angle. Gamma is generally more than or equal to 40 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees.
In some embodiments, the blade mounting body 100 has a generally T-shaped structure, the first powder containing groove 400 is disposed in the middle of the blade mounting body 100, the blade fixing surface of the blade mounting body 100 connected to the blade main body 300 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the upper surface of the blade mounting body 100 is parallel to the horizontal plane.
Referring to fig. 5, in order to facilitate the installation of the bidirectional powder spreading device, in an alternative embodiment, the bidirectional powder spreading device further includes a scraper fixing base 110, the scraper installation body 100 is disposed at a lower end of the scraper fixing base 110, and a feeding hole 150 communicated with the first powder containing groove 400 is disposed on the scraper fixing base 110;
the lower end of the scraper fixing seat 110 is provided with two scraper supporting plates 130, and the two scraper supporting plates 130 are arranged at two ends of the scraper mounting body 100; the both ends of the length direction of the scraper fixing base 110 are provided with mounting cantilever arms 120.
The blade holder 110 has a plane parallel to the upper surface of the blade mounting body 100, so that the blade mounting body 100 and the blade holder 110 are firmly mounted, and the horizontal direction of the blade body 300 is not changed.
The blade support plates 130 disposed at both ends of the blade holder 110 support the blade mounting body 100 and the blade holder 110 before they are fixed by screws.
The powder feeding assembly 180 feeds powder into the first powder containing groove 400, when the bidirectional powder laying device carries out powder laying, the powder flows from the powder discharge port 900 to the sintering substrate 290 after sequentially passing through the material storage groove 401, the buffer groove 402 and the material discharge groove 403, the distance between the powder discharge port 900 and the powder surface is 1.5mm-3mm, and the second powder containing grooves 800 on two sides of the powder discharge port 900 are used for preventing the powder from overflowing to the outer side of the scraper main body 300; according to the powder flowability of different powders, the driving device 260 enables the bidirectional powder paving device to match with a proper moving speed, so that the powder can be optimally paved as required, and the secondary powder paving failure caused by powder overflow and powder loss is prevented.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in an alternative embodiment, the scraper blade 130 is provided with a powder scraping plate 140, and the length direction of the powder scraping plate 140 is the same as the length direction of the scraper main body 300.
The scraper blade 130 is provided with a scraper plate 140, and the scraper plate 140 is used for scraping the powder on the non-sintered substrate 290 into the rear powder overflow box 220, so as to avoid the accumulation of the powder and influence on powder laying. The powder scraping plate 140 is generally fixed on the scraper supporting plate 130 by means of screws, the center line of the powder scraping plate 140, which is generally a T-shaped structural rubber strip, is located on the symmetrical center line of the two scraper main bodies 300, and the tip of the powder scraping plate 140 is in contact with the working chamber bottom plate 350 and has a certain interference.
The scraper mounting body 100 of the bidirectional powder spreading device is provided with two scraper main bodies 300, and when powder falls into the first powder containing groove 400, dust and spray splashed by the powder can be effectively blocked by a sealed cavity formed by the two scraper main bodies 300. Effectively reducing and controlling the effect of dust on the printing environment of the working chamber 340 and the laser galvanometer assembly 170.
Referring to fig. 1, in an alternative embodiment, a mounting groove 360 is provided at a side of the doctor blade pressing plate 200 facing the doctor blade main body 300, and a fixing plate 600 is provided in the mounting groove 360;
a plurality of fixing holes 370 communicating with the mounting groove 360 are formed in the doctor blade pressure plate 200 along the length direction of the fixing plate 600, and a fixing member 500 for attaching the fixing plate 600 to the doctor blade body 300 is provided in the fixing holes 370;
a guide assembly 380 is disposed between the fixing plate 600 and the doctor blade pressing plate 200, and the guide assembly 380 is used for connecting the fixing plate 600 and the doctor blade pressing plate 200 and limiting the moving direction of the fixing plate 600.
In an alternative embodiment, the doctor blade body 300 comprises a shank 301 and a cutting head 302, the shank 301 is used for connecting the doctor blade pressing plate 200, and the cutting head 302 is arranged at the lower end of the shank 301; and the action plane P of the tool bit 302 is perpendicular to the side surface of the tool shank 301.
The blade body 300 may be selected from a variety of materials, such as aluminum-based rubber blades, die steel alloy blades, zirconia ceramic blades, or also brush-quality blades. The aluminum-based rubber scraper takes an aluminum strip as an installation matrix, and the vulcanized rubber scraper at the lower end can be installed more reliably and accurately than a full-rubber scraper.
The two sides of the rubber scraper body are symmetrically provided with the inclined plane and the chamfer, and the inclined plane and the fillet can effectively prolong the service life of the scraper.
The bidirectional powder spreading device provided by the invention is provided with the two scraper main bodies 300, the first powder containing groove 400 is positioned between the two scraper main bodies 300, and when the bidirectional powder spreading device reciprocates on the forming cylinder, the bidirectional powder spreading device can continuously spread powder, so that the powder spreading efficiency is improved, the interval between every two laser sintering layers is reduced, and the laser printing efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the present invention provides a laser sintering apparatus, comprising an apparatus main body 160, a laser galvanometer assembly 170, a powder feeding assembly 180, and the bidirectional powder spreading device according to any one of the foregoing embodiments;
a working cavity 340 is arranged in the equipment main body 160, a rear opening is arranged at one end of the equipment main body 160, a rear door 190 is arranged at the rear opening, a front opening is arranged at the other end of the equipment main body 160, a front door 210 is arranged at the front opening, the direction from the rear door 190 to the front door 210 is a first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the scraper installation body 100;
a guide rail 250 and a driving device 260 for enabling the bidirectional powder spreading device to move along the guide rail 250 are arranged on two sides of the first direction in the working chamber 340, a slide block 390 is arranged on the guide rail 250 in a sliding mode, and the slide block 390 is used for being connected with a mounting picking arm 120 of the bidirectional powder spreading device so that the bidirectional powder spreading device can move in the first direction; the symmetrical center lines of the two scraper bodies 300 coincide with the symmetrical center line of the slider 390;
the back powder overflow box 220, the working cylinder 240 and the front powder overflow box 230 are sequentially arranged on the working cavity bottom plate 350 of the device main body 160 along a first direction;
the laser galvanometer assembly 170 and the powder feeding assembly 180 are arranged at the upper end of the device main body 160, and the lower end of the powder feeding assembly 180 extends into the working cavity 340.
In some embodiments, the mounting arm 120 is configured to be connected to the driving device 260, and the driving device 260 generally includes a motor and a synchronous belt, the synchronous belt is connected to the mounting arm 120, and the mounting arm 120 is connected to the sliding block 390, and the driving device 260 moves the mounting arm 120 along the guiding rail 250, so that the bidirectional powder spreading device moves in a first direction to spread powder on the sintering substrate 290 of the working cylinder 240.
The driving device 260 moves the bidirectional powder spreading device by making the sliding block 390, and since the symmetrical center lines of the two scraper main bodies 300 are coincident with the symmetrical center line of the sliding block 390, the sliding block 390 makes the motion error of the bidirectional sliding block 390 of the bidirectional powder spreading device and the guide rail 250 have the same influence on the bidirectional movement of the bidirectional powder spreading device; for the above reasons, the symmetrical center line of the mounting cantilever 120 also coincides with the symmetrical center line of the slider 390.
The bidirectional powder paving device can realize three powder paving modes of double-knife unidirectional powder paving, double-knife bidirectional powder paving and single-knife unidirectional powder paving. The mode switching is convenient, so that a user can control the use cost and the process requirement of the scraper according to requirements.
The bidirectional powder spreading device moves along the guide rail 250 under the driving of the driving device 260; shuttle between the overflow bin 230 and the overflow bin 220 in the working chamber 340 of the apparatus body 160 and may stop at the powder feed assembly 180 to receive powder. The cylinder 240 is a set of components including a drive screw, a guide spline, a heating plate, a sintered base plate 290, etc. The lead screw drives the sintering substrate 290 to descend for a distance, and the bidirectional powder spreading device drives the powder to reciprocate once above the front powder overflow box 230 and the rear powder overflow box 220, so that one powder spreading action is completed.
The random switching of the three powder spreading functions of the bidirectional powder spreading device structure is in the split design of the two action scraper main bodies 300, and the two action scraper main bodies are independent. The difference between the double-knife unidirectional powder spreading function and the single-knife unidirectional powder spreading function lies in that a plurality of cutters are arranged on the bidirectional powder spreading device. The single-blade unidirectional dusting means that a scraper main body 300 is installed and should be located close to the rear door 190 with respect to the position in the structure of the apparatus main body 160. The double-blade unidirectional powder spreading function is to install two scraper main bodies 300. The two scraper main bodies 300 are installed, so that when powder falls into the first powder containing groove 400, dust and fly-away dust splashed by the powder can be effectively blocked by a closed chamber formed by the two scraper main bodies 300, and the influence of the dust on the printing environment of the working chamber 340 and the laser galvanometer assembly 170 can be effectively reduced and controlled.
The logical motion process of the double-blade unidirectional powder spreading function is the same as that of the single-blade unidirectional powder spreading function. The two-way powder paving device moves to the lower side of the powder feeding assembly 180 mechanism, the powder feeding assembly 180 rotates the powder discharging roller, a certain amount of powder falls into the feeding hole 150 of the scraper fixing seat 110 and enters the first powder containing groove 400, and the powder amount is accurately set through the equipment control panel according to the single-layer powder paving required powder amount. The bidirectional powder spreading device moves from the powder receiving position to the overflow powder box 230 to perform primary powder surface spreading, stops above the overflow powder box 230 to wait for the completion of the sintering scanning, and at the moment, the scraper main body 300 completely pushes the redundant powder discharged from the first powder containing groove 400 into the overflow powder box 230, so that the spread powder surfaces are all clean powder and do not contain oxides, slag and the like formed in the printing process. After the printing of this layer is completed, the cylinder-piston motion assembly of the working cylinder 240 drives the sintered substrate 290 down a sufficient distance. The two-way powder spreading device structure returns to the position above the rear powder overflowing box 220 at a higher moving speed, then moves towards the direction of the front powder overflowing box 230 and stops at the powder receiving position below the powder feeding assembly 180, and after the powder feeding assembly 180 conveys powder, the powder spreading operation is carried out for the second time.
The double-blade bidirectional powder spreading function means that bidirectional powder spreading is provided with two scraper main bodies 300, the bidirectional powder spreading device moves to the position below the powder feeding assembly 180, the powder feeding assembly 180 rotates the powder feeding roller, a certain amount of powder falls into the feeding hole 150 of the scraper fixing seat 110 and enters the first powder containing groove 400, and the powder amount is accurately set through the equipment control panel according to the double-layer powder spreading required powder amount. The bidirectional powder laying device moves from the powder receiving position to the front powder overflowing box 230 to lay the powder for the first time, stops above the front powder overflowing box 230 to wait for the completion of the sintering scanning, then moves from the powder receiving position to the position near the front powder overflowing box 230 of the device (not entering a powder overflowing area) to lay the powder for the first time, and at the moment, a certain amount of powder still exists in the first powder containing groove 400, and the powder amount can also meet the requirement of laying the powder for the first time to wait for the completion of the sintering scanning.
After the laser scanning operation of the layer is completed, the sintered substrate 290 descends by a layer thickness distance, the bidirectional powder laying device carries out reverse powder surface laying towards the backward powder overflow box 220, and pushes the residual powder possibly doped with dust and slag on the powder surface into the backward powder overflow box 220 after passing through the backward powder overflow box 220 when returning, and then moves towards the direction of the forward powder overflow box 230 to prepare for accessing new clean powder at a position below the powder feeding component 180 to wait for a next cyclic powder laying command. The laser scanning sintering work can be executed immediately after the reverse powder surface laying is finished. At this time, it can be seen that the bidirectional powder spreading function saves the time for the scraper to return to the powder receiving position and the time for receiving the powder compared with the unidirectional powder spreading function.
The invention also provides laser sintering equipment which adopts the bidirectional powder paving device, so that all the beneficial effects of the bidirectional powder paving device are achieved.
Referring to fig. 9, 10, 11 and 12, the present invention provides an assembling method of a bidirectional powder spreading device, comprising the steps of:
s1, installing the scraper fixing seat 110 of the bidirectional powder spreading device on the equipment main body 160, detecting the scraper installation surface X of the scraper fixing seat 110 by using a detection device, and adjusting the scraper fixing seat 110 according to the detection result of the detection device until the scraper installation surface X is detected to be qualified;
s2, mounting the scraper main body 300 of the bidirectional powder spreading device on the apparatus main body 160, and detecting the scraper surface Y of the scraper main body 300 by using a detection device; and adjusting the scraper main body 300 according to the detection result of the detection device until the scraper surface Y is qualified.
The bidirectional powder spreading device is assembled on the sintering equipment, the distance between the scraper surface Y formed by the action surfaces P of the two scraper main bodies 300 of the bidirectional powder spreading device and the scraper mounting surface X is a quantitative height, so that the powder surfaces can be kept consistent under the conditions of replacing or maintaining the scrapers and the like, and the device is beneficial to the lap joint of the sintering area of the multi-laser sintering equipment.
After the scraper fixing seat 110 of the bidirectional powder spreading device is fixed on the equipment main body 160, whether the parallelism of the scraper mounting surface X and the guide rail 250 meets the requirement is detected by using a detection device, and if the parallelism does not meet the requirement, the scraper fixing seat 110 is adjusted until the parallelism of the scraper mounting surface X of the scraper fixing seat 110 and the guide rail 250 meets the requirement.
After the scraper main bodies 300 are installed on the scraper fixing seats 110, the parallelism between the scraper surface Y formed by the two scraper main bodies 300 and the guide rail 250 is detected until the parallelism between the scraper surface Y and the guide rail 250 meets the requirement.
In an alternative embodiment, before step S2, the method further includes step S02:
in step S02, the scraper mounting body 100 is fixed to the movable plate 320 of the adjusting tool and then the acting surface P of the scraper main body 300 is freely dropped on the reference surface Z of the adjusting tool seat 310 of the adjusting tool; the doctor blade holding plate 200 is fixed to the doctor blade mounting body 100, and the doctor blade body 300 is held and fixed between the doctor blade holding plate 200 and the doctor blade mounting body 100.
Referring to fig. 9, since the distance between the lower surface of the movable plate 320 and the reference surface Z of the adjustment tool holder 310 is fixed, the distance between the blade mounting surface X and the blade surface Y of the blade mounting body 100 is fixed; this ensures that the blade surface Y of the blade body 300 is always kept at a fixed distance from the blade mounting surface X of the blade mounting body 100 after the replacement of the blade body 300.
After the scraper mounting body 100 is connected with the movable plate 320 through the screws, the scraper main body 300 is placed on the adjusting tool seat 310, and the action plane P of the scraper main body 300 freely falls on the reference plane Z; then the scraper press plate 200 is connected with the scraper mounting body 100; then, the fixing member 500 is screwed, and the fixing member 500 is generally a fastening screw; the fixing member 500 is screw-coupled in the fixing hole 370, and when the fixing member 500 is rotated, the fixing member 500 can move the fixing plate 600 toward the scraper main body 300, thereby tightly coupling the scraper main body 300 with the scraper installation body 100.
In order to make the fixing plate 600 uniformly act on the scraper main body 300 and prevent the fixing plate 600 from being separated from the mounting groove 360, a guide assembly 380 is provided between the fixing plate 600 and the scraper pressure plate 200; this direction subassembly 380 includes first connecting piece 381 and second connecting piece 382, first connecting piece 381 sets up on fixed plate 600, second connecting piece 382 sets up on the activity clamp plate, is provided with the spacing hole that corresponds with first connecting piece 381 on fixed plate 600, is provided with the spacing hole that corresponds with second connecting piece 382 on the activity clamp plate, and first connecting piece 381 and second connecting piece 382 are connected, and then make fixed plate 600 and activity clamp plate connect, and make fixed plate 600 and activity clamp plate can move along the axial small-range of first connecting piece 381.
The scraper pressure plate 200 is provided with a fixing hole 370, the fixing plate 600 is positioned in the fixing hole 370, the fixing member 500 on the fixing plate 600 is screwed with the fixing hole 370, the fixing member 500 may be a screw, when the fixing member 500 rotates, the fixing plate 600 can move towards the scraper main body 300, so that the scraper main body 300 is tightly attached to the scraper mounting body 100 and is kept fixed; the relative position of the scraper main body 300 and the scraper mounting body 100 is fixed only by the pressing of the fixing plate 600; when the scraper mounting body 100 and the scraper main body 300 are placed on the adjusting tool, the scraper mounting body 100 contacts with the movable plate 320, the action plane P of the scraper main body 300 contacts with the reference plane Z of the adjusting tool seat 310, and under the action of the movable plate 320, the action planes P of the two scraper main bodies 300 form a scraper plane Y.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, in an alternative embodiment, the detection apparatus includes a detection base plate 270, at least two detection bases 330 are disposed on the detection base plate 270, and a distance meter 280 is disposed on each detection base 330; in step S1 or step S2, the step of detecting with the detecting means includes the steps of:
s121, descending the working cylinder 240, placing the detection device on the sintering substrate 290 on the working cylinder 240, ascending the working cylinder 240 to enable the distance between the distance meter 280 and the surface to be detected to be within the measuring range of the distance meter 280, starting the distance meter 280 to measure and recording the numerical value;
s122, moving the surface to be detected in the first direction, and measuring and recording numerical values of the surface to be detected by the distance meter 280 every time the surface to be detected moves a fixed distance;
and S123, analyzing the recorded numerical value to obtain the parallelism of the surface to be detected and the guide rail 250.
Three distance meters 280 are generally arranged on a detection bottom plate 270 of the detection device, and the distance meters 280 are generally selected from infrared distance meters 280 to be accurate to 0.0015 mm; when the sensing device is in use, the linear directions of the three distance meters 280 coincide with the longitudinal direction of the scraper body 300.
When the detection device is used for detecting the scraper surface Y or the scraper mounting surface X, the distance between the distance meter 280 and the surface to be detected is within the measuring range of the distance meter 280, the distance meter 280 is started to measure and record numerical values; starting to move the detecting device along the first direction, recording each data of each distance meter 280 every time the detecting device moves for a fixed distance value (for example, 5mm), wherein each infrared distance meter 280 can record more than 10 data in total; generally, a plurality of positions are measured on the sintered substrate 290, the value of the distance meter 280 at each position is recorded, and then whether the movement direction of the scraper surface Y or the scraper mounting surface X relative to the guide rail 250 is parallel or not and how much the parallelism differs are analyzed, and the adjustment is performed according to the obtained data.
When this detection device is used for detecting the scraper face Y, can work out the coplanarity of the active surface P of two scraper main parts 300 according to the mode of spreading powder actually simultaneously. When the bidirectional powder spreading device moves from the position of the front powder overflow box 230 to the position of the rear powder overflow box 220, it can be regarded as a layer of powder spreading action, at this time, the powder layer 700 is formed under the action of the scraper main body 300 close to the front door 210, and when the bidirectional powder spreading device moves in this direction, the data of the scraper close to the front door 210 is read on the distance meter 280. Similarly, when the scraper main body 300 moves from the position of the rear overflow bin 220 to the position of the front overflow bin 230, the distance meter 280 reads the data of the scraper main body 300 close to the rear door 190. The comparison result of the two groups of data directly shows the coplanarity error of the P surfaces of the action knives for powder paving in two different directions in the bidirectional powder paving mode printing process, and the error can be understood as the error of the thickness of the powder layer 700 caused by the powder paving action in two different directions. The control of the error value is beneficial to the control of the bidirectional powder spreading printing effect, thereby helping to understand the difference between the bidirectional powder spreading printing effect and the unidirectional powder spreading effect and finally achieving the real realization of the bidirectional powder spreading function.
Referring to fig. 12, nine measuring positions a, b, c, a1, b1, c1, a2, b2, c2, etc. are provided on the sintered base plate 290, and one datum is recorded at each position by the distance meter 280, and the detecting device reciprocates to obtain 18 data when detecting the blade mounting surface X; when the detecting device detects the blade surface Y, 9 pieces of data are correspondingly obtained for each blade body 300, and the coplanarity of the active surfaces P of the two blade bodies 300 is calculated using the data.
The assembling method of the bidirectional powder spreading device provided by the invention can effectively ensure that the action surfaces P of the two scraper main bodies 300 on the bidirectional powder spreading device are in the same plane, thereby ensuring the control of the bidirectional powder spreading printing effect and realizing the bidirectional powder spreading function.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The bidirectional powder paving device is characterized by comprising a scraper mounting body (100), wherein a first powder containing groove (400) penetrating through the scraper mounting body (100) is arranged along the length direction of the scraper mounting body (100), scraper main bodies (300) are arranged on two sides of the first powder containing groove (400), and the lower end of each scraper main body (300) protrudes out of the lower end of the scraper mounting body (100);
the scraper mounting body (100) is provided with a scraper pressing plate (200) used for fixing the scraper main body (300) on the scraper mounting body (100), and the scraper pressing plate (200) is positioned on one side, far away from the scraper mounting body (100), of the scraper main body (300).
2. The bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 1, wherein the first powder containing groove (400) comprises a discharge groove (403), a buffer groove (402) and a storage groove (401) from bottom to top in sequence, and the cross section of the buffer groove (402) is gradually reduced from top to bottom;
the lower extreme of blown down tank (403) forms and lets out powder mouth (900) let out the both sides of powder mouth (900) set up by scraper main part (300) and second that the lateral wall of scraper installation body (100) formed holds powder groove (800).
3. A bi-directional dusting device according to claim 2 characterized in that the width of the hopper (401) is B and the width of the discharge chute (403) is d; the width of one end of the buffer groove (402) is B, and the width of the other end of the buffer groove is d; the length of the discharge chute (403) is D; wherein B is more than or equal to 8mm and less than or equal to 15mm, D is more than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 3mm, and D is less than or equal to 2.5 mm; the distance between the two scraper main bodies (300) is not less than 30 mm;
two side walls of the longitudinal section of the buffer groove (402) form an included angle gamma which is not more than 180-2 beta, wherein beta is a powder repose angle.
4. The bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 3, further comprising a scraper fixing seat (110), wherein the scraper mounting body (100) is arranged at the lower end of the scraper fixing seat (110), and a feeding hole (150) communicated with the first powder containing groove (400) is arranged on the scraper fixing seat (110);
the lower end of the scraper fixing seat (110) is provided with two scraper supporting plates (130), and the two scraper supporting plates (130) are arranged at two ends of the scraper mounting body (100); the two ends of the scraper fixing seat (110) in the length direction are provided with mounting cantilever arms (120);
the scraper supporting plate (130) is provided with a powder scraping plate (140), and the length direction of the powder scraping plate (140) is the same as the length direction of the scraper main body (300).
5. The bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 4, wherein a mounting groove (360) is provided at a side of the scraper pressing plate (200) facing the scraper main body (300), and a fixing plate (600) is provided in the mounting groove (360);
a plurality of fixing holes (370) communicated with the mounting groove (360) are formed in the scraper pressure plate (200) along the length direction of the fixing plate (600), and fixing pieces (500) used for enabling the fixing plate (600) to be attached to the scraper main body (300) are arranged in the fixing holes (370);
a guide assembly (380) is arranged between the fixing plate (600) and the scraper press plate (200), and the guide assembly (380) is used for connecting the fixing plate (600) and the scraper press plate (200) and limiting the moving direction of the fixing plate (600).
6. The bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 1, wherein the scraper main body (300) comprises a cutter handle (301) and a cutter head (302), the cutter handle (301) is used for connecting the scraper pressing plate (200), and the cutter head (302) is arranged at the lower end of the cutter handle (301); and the action surface P of the tool bit (302) is vertical to the side surface of the tool shank (301).
7. A laser sintering apparatus comprising an apparatus main body (160), a laser galvanometer assembly (170), a powder feeding assembly (180), and the bidirectional powder laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
a working cavity (340) is arranged in the equipment main body (160), a rear opening is arranged at one end of the equipment main body (160), a rear door (190) is arranged at the rear opening, a front opening is arranged at the other end of the equipment main body (160), a front door (210) is arranged at the front opening, the direction from the rear door (190) to the front door (210) is a first direction, and the first direction is vertical to the length direction of the scraper mounting body (100);
guide rails (250) and a driving device (260) used for enabling the bidirectional powder spreading device to move along the guide rails (250) are arranged on two sides of the first direction in the working cavity (340), a sliding block (390) is arranged on the guide rails (250) in a sliding mode, and the sliding block (390) is used for being connected with a mounting picking arm (120) of the bidirectional powder spreading device so that the bidirectional powder spreading device can move in the first direction; the symmetrical center lines of the two scraper bodies (300) are coincident with the symmetrical center line of the sliding block (390);
a rear powder overflow box (220), a working cylinder (240) and a front powder overflow box (230) are sequentially arranged on a working cavity bottom plate (350) of the equipment main body (160) along a first direction;
the laser galvanometer assembly (170) and the powder feeding assembly (180) are arranged at the upper end of the device main body (160), and the lower end of the powder feeding assembly (180) extends into the working cavity (340).
8. The assembling method of the bidirectional powder spreading device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, installing the scraper fixing seat (110) of the bidirectional powder spreading device on the equipment main body (160), detecting the scraper mounting surface X of the scraper fixing seat (110) by using a detection device, and adjusting the scraper fixing seat (110) according to the detection result of the detection device until the scraper mounting surface X is qualified;
s2, mounting the scraper main body (300) of the bidirectional powder spreading device on the equipment main body (160), and detecting the scraper surface Y of the scraper main body (300) by using a detection device; and adjusting the scraper main body (300) according to the detection result of the detection device until the scraper surface Y is qualified in detection.
9. The assembling method of the bidirectional powder spreading device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising, before step S2, step S02:
in step S02, fixing the scraper mounting body (100) on the movable plate (320) of the adjusting tool, and then freely dropping the action plane P of the scraper main body (300) on the reference plane Z of the adjusting tool seat (310) of the adjusting tool; the scraper pressing plate (200) is fixed on the scraper mounting body (100), and the scraper main body (300) is clamped and fixed between the scraper pressing plate (200) and the scraper mounting body (100).
10. The assembling method of the bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 9, wherein the detection device comprises a detection bottom plate (270), at least two detection bases (330) are arranged on the detection bottom plate (270), and a distance meter (280) is arranged on each detection base (330); in step S1 or step S2, the step of detecting with the detecting means includes the steps of:
s121, descending the working cylinder (240), placing the detection device on the sintering substrate (290) on the working cylinder (240), ascending the working cylinder (240) to enable the distance between the distance meter (280) and the surface to be detected to be within the measuring range of the distance meter (280), starting the distance meter (280) to measure and recording the numerical value;
s122, moving the surface to be detected in a first direction, and measuring and recording a numerical value of the surface to be detected by a distance meter (280) when the surface to be detected moves a fixed distance;
and S123, analyzing the recorded numerical value to obtain the parallelism of the surface to be detected and the guide rail (250).
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Application publication date: 20220401 |