CN114256637A - Novel gateway station suitable for high, medium and low three orbit satellites - Google Patents

Novel gateway station suitable for high, medium and low three orbit satellites Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114256637A
CN114256637A CN202111445149.7A CN202111445149A CN114256637A CN 114256637 A CN114256637 A CN 114256637A CN 202111445149 A CN202111445149 A CN 202111445149A CN 114256637 A CN114256637 A CN 114256637A
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China
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gateway station
antenna
victs
satellites
medium
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Inventor
魏伟
楚亮
李国明
王丽颖
秦天
余鑫
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Zhengcheng Satellite Network Group Co ltd
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Zhengcheng Satellite Network Group Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/005—Damping of vibrations; Means for reducing wind-induced forces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart

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Abstract

The invention discloses a novel gateway station suitable for high, medium and low orbit satellites, which comprises a plurality of spliced VICTS antennas, wherein the adjacent VICTS antennas are spliced together through a connecting frame, the included angle between any two adjacent VICTS antennas is a first preset angle, and the included angle between the outermost circle of the VICTS antennas and the ground is a second preset angle. Each array surface of the communication gateway station antenna can independently operate and configure constraint and simultaneously track a plurality of satellites; the complex mechanical tracking and traditional system of the traditional gateway station antenna is not available, and the maintenance cost is far lower than that of the traditional reflector antenna system; the wind resistance and the visual characteristic are obviously reduced due to the low-profile characteristic; the space between the traditional reflector antennas does not exist, so that the occupied area is reduced to a great extent, and the installation cost is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the satellite is adaptive to high, medium and low orbit satellites, and has high universality.

Description

Novel gateway station suitable for high, medium and low three orbit satellites
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of satellite communication, and particularly relates to a novel gateway station which is realized based on a variable inclination angle continuous transverse branch array (VICTS) and is suitable for high, medium and low orbit satellites. .
Background
The satellite communication link comprises a transmitting end ground station, a receiving end ground station, an uplink link, a downlink link and a communication satellite transponder. The ground station is an important component of the satellite communication process, the ground station basically transmits signals to the satellite and receives signals transmitted by other ground stations through the satellite, and the ground stations are slightly different but have the same infrastructure according to different properties and purposes of the satellite communication system. The traditional reflector antenna is generally effective for a gateway station of geosynchronous orbit (GEO) satellite communication, 1 to 4 large-caliber reflector antennas are required for building one ground station, the distance between the reflector antennas is limited, the occupied area is large, and the tracking energy of the traditional parabolic antenna is very limited when tracking a fast-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellation satellite.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the novel gateway station suitable for the high, medium and low orbit satellites solves the problems that the existing gateway station is large in occupied area, limited in tracking capability and difficult to be suitable for various orbit satellites.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a novel gateway station suitable for three kinds of orbit satellites of height, well, hang down, includes a plurality of splices VICTS antennas together, and is adjacent through the concatenation of connection frame between the VICTS antenna, arbitrary two are adjacent contained angle between the VICTS antenna is first preset angle, and the outermost circle the contained angle of VICTS antenna and ground is the second preset angle.
Furthermore, the VICTS antenna comprises an antenna housing assembly, an upper polarization layer, a lower polarization layer, a radiation layer, a feed layer and a bottom plate assembly which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the antenna housing assembly and the bottom plate assembly are buckled with corresponding connecting frames.
Further, the feed layer comprises a power division network, a quasi-TEM wave converter and a filter; the radiation layer comprises a coupling gap and a continuous transverse branch unit; the upper polarization layer and the lower polarization layer respectively comprise a dielectric plate, a printed zigzag line and a foam interlayer.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: in the working process of the antenna based on the VICTS, the azimuth direction, the elevation direction and the polarization mode of a wave beam can be changed, so that the antenna is matched with the polarization state of a satellite.
Furthermore, the continuous transverse branch unit adopts a step gradual change type continuous transverse branch gap array.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: based on the structure, the compromise between the coupling capability of the feed layer and the radiation capability of the array is realized.
Furthermore, the number of the VICTS antennas in the gateway station is set according to the communication range and the requirement of the gateway station, and each communication range of the gateway station has the value of the number of the corresponding VICTS antennas.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the number of the VICTS antennas is related to the communication range and the requirement, so that the communication gateway station can be flexibly adjusted to meet various specific communication requirements.
Further, the surface of the gateway station is of an arch structure.
Further, the first preset angle is determined according to the scanning loss of the VICTS antenna.
Further, the value range of the second preset angle is 20-25 degrees.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: according to different communication requirements, two preset angles and surface structures are flexibly adjusted to meet the optimal satellite alignment strategy.
Further, the aperture of the VICTS antenna is determined according to the communication capacity required by the gateway station;
the communication capability of the gateway station is positively correlated with the gain of a single VICTS antenna, and the relational expression between the gain of the VICTS antenna and the caliber of the VICTS antenna is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0003497742130000021
in the formula, G (dB)i) Is the gain of the ith antenna in the station, D is the equivalent aperture of the antenna, lambda0For the center operating wavelength of the VICTS antenna, 4.5 is empirical data.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: based on the above relation, the sizes of the individual VICTS antennas can be determined according to the communication capacity required by the gateway station, so as to design the gateway station with better communication effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention innovatively uses the VICTS antenna as a basic unit of the communication gateway station, and each array surface of the phased array communication gateway station antenna formed by the VICTS antenna can independently operate and configure constraints and simultaneously track a plurality of satellites;
(2) the response speed of the communication gateway station formed based on the VICTS antenna reaches millisecond level, and is far superior to that of the traditional parabolic antenna;
(3) the communication gateway station of the invention has no complicated mechanical tracking and traditional system of the traditional gateway station antenna, and the maintenance cost is far lower than that of the traditional reflector antenna system;
(4) the communication gateway station has the characteristic of low profile, and the wind resistance and the visual characteristic are obviously reduced;
(5) the communication gateway station antenna has no interval between the traditional reflector antennas, so that the occupied area is reduced to a great extent, and the installation cost is greatly reduced;
(6) the gateway station has the characteristic of high response speed, can be simultaneously adapted to high, medium and low orbit satellites, and is mainly suitable for high, medium and low orbits because the antenna has high rotation speed and high rotation acceleration, can keep up with the operation speed of the low orbit satellite in the sky, and can be quickly switched and aligned to another on-orbit satellite on the premise of uninterrupted communication to realize the uninterrupted communication of the low orbit satellite.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel gateway station suitable for high, medium and low orbit satellites provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a VICTS antenna structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a VICTS antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plane propagation diagram of the feed layer and the radiation layer in the VICTS antenna according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a VICTS antenna; 2. a connecting frame; 3. an antenna housing assembly; 4. an upper polarization layer; 5. a lower polarization layer; 6. a radiation layer; 7. a feed layer; 8. a base plate assembly; 9. and (3) continuous transverse branch unit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1:
the embodiment of the invention provides a novel gateway station suitable for high, medium and low orbit satellites, which comprises a plurality of spliced VICTS antennas 1 as shown in figure 1, wherein the adjacent VICTS antennas 1 are spliced together through a connecting frame 2, an included angle between any two adjacent VICTS antennas 1 is a first preset angle, and an included angle between the outermost circle of the VICTS antennas 1 and the ground is a second preset angle.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the VICTS antenna 1 is a four-layer planar disk structure, and includes an antenna housing assembly 3, an upper polarization layer 4, a lower polarization layer 5, a radiation layer 6, a feed layer 7, and a bottom plate assembly 8, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, where the antenna housing assembly 3 and the bottom plate assembly 8 are fastened to the corresponding connection frame 2.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the feed layer 7 in the VICTS antenna 1 includes a power division network, a quasi-TEM wave converter, and a filter; the radiation layer 6 comprises a coupling gap and a continuous transverse branch (CTS) unit 9, wherein the continuous transverse branch unit 9 adopts a step gradual change type continuous transverse branch gap array; and the upper polarization layer 4 and the lower polarization layer 5 both comprise a dielectric plate, a printed zigzag line and a foam interlayer.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the VICTS antenna 1 works, the plane wave of the feed layer 7 is transmitted into the radiation layer 6, when the feed layer 7 and the radiation layer 6 rotate simultaneously, the gap between the two layers does not change at an included angle, so that only the azimuth direction of the wave beam is changed, when the feed layer 7 and the radiation layer 6 rotate relatively, the gap between the two layers changes at an angle, so that only the pitch direction of the wave beam is changed, and when the plane wave is transmitted into the polarization layer from the radiation layer 6, the planning mode of the wave beam is changed through the rotation of the polarization layer, so that the antenna is matched with the polarization state of the satellite. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the plane wave (TEM wave) transmission direction excited by the feed layer 7 is coupled to a part of the CTS unit from the transmitted energy by connecting the transverse branch unit, and finally, a high-gain antenna is formed by overlapping the energies of the CTS units, and the compromise between the capability coupling and the array radiation capability is realized by using a step-gradient continuous transverse branch slot array.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a principle that the VICTS antenna 1 performs beam scanning in the above communication gateway station is provided: from the analysis of the array synthesis angle, the VICTS antenna 1 uses a CTS unit as a radiation source, beam scanning is realized by relative rotation of the feed layer 7 and the radiation layer 6, point source sampling is performed on the CTS array before and after rotation from the array synthesis angle, after the feed layer 7 and the radiation layer 6 rotate relatively, the equivalent radiation point source distance is increased, the array phase factor is changed, the beam direction of the antenna is changed accordingly, the method of encrypting sampling points is adopted, the original sampling points are subjected to translation sampling at intervals of 1/2, 1/4 and … … along the rotation direction, and the array factor of the rotation array is reflected by superposition of each sampling matrix.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the VICTS antennas 1 in the gateway station is set according to the communication range and the requirement of the gateway station, and each communication range of the gateway station has the value of the number of the VICTS antennas 1 corresponding thereto. In this embodiment, a hexagonal connection frame 2 is used, and 37 VICTS antennas 1 are used for splicing, which is equivalent to 4 parabolic antenna gateway stations with 2.4m aperture, and 19 VICTS antennas 1 can also be used for splicing, which is equivalent to 2 parabolic antenna gateway stations with 2.4m aperture. For different communication requirements, the number of the VICTS antennas 1 can be increased or decreased, specifically, the number is determined according to the actual equivalent caliber, and the number of the VICTS antennas is different because the equivalent calibers are different, that is, the communication capabilities are different.
In the embodiment of the invention, the caliber of the VICTS antenna is determined according to the communication capacity required by a gateway station; the communication capability of the station is positively correlated with the gain of the single VICTS antenna, and the relationship between the gain of the VICTS antenna and the caliber of the VICTS antenna is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0003497742130000061
in the formula, G (dB)i) Is the gain of the ith antenna in the station, D is the equivalent aperture of the antenna, lambda0For the center operating wavelength of the VICTS antenna, 4.5 is empirical data.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the size of the antenna determines the aperture of the antenna, the aperture is larger when the size of the antenna is larger, the gain of the antenna has a positive correlation with the aperture of the antenna, and the communication capability of the antenna is stronger when the gain of the antenna is larger, that is, under the same external condition, the bandwidth is larger when the gain of the antenna is larger, and the network speed is faster. In addition, when the number of the antennas is determined, the number of the VICTS antennas is determined according to the actually required equivalent caliber. Thus, the size and number of VICTS antennas may be set according to the communication capabilities required by the station, for example, 37 VICTS antennas are equivalent to 4 2.4m parabolic antenna stations.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the connection frame is not only in a hexagonal shape, but also in other connection frame shapes that can splice any two adjacent VICTS antennas are within the protection scope of this embodiment.
In the embodiment of the invention, the surface of the gateway station is of an arch structure, so that the gateway station phased array antenna in the embodiment has low profile and reduces wind resistance and visual characteristics based on the structure, and the arch structure is formed by arc surface splicing design, so that the scanning capability of a low elevation angle is improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first preset angle is determined according to the scanning loss of the VICTS antenna, and the value range of the second preset angle is 20-25 degrees; specifically, for the first preset angle, the scanning angle of the VICTS antenna is positive and negative 80 degrees triggered by the normal direction (the normal direction is an angle perpendicular to the antenna surface, the normal direction signal is strongest, and the positive and negative 80 degrees are symmetrical by the normal direction), so that the antenna has a scanning error, and the loss is about 3dB when the antenna scans to positive and negative 60 degrees; for the second preset angle, the problem that the low elevation angle cannot be scanned or the signal is low is solved; in this embodiment, the first preset angle is preferably 188 degrees, and the second preset angle is preferably 24 degrees, which corresponds to the communication capability of 4 parabolic antenna gateway stations with 2.4m aperture.
In the embodiment of the invention, for the traditional reflector antenna, in order to prevent the antenna interference, the disposition of the reflector antenna requires at least 15 meters of space between each other; however, the 37 VICTS antennas in the communication gateway station provided in this embodiment are equivalent to 8 2.4-meter reflector antennas, and each antenna is about 4 meters high, so that the VICTS phased array antenna in the communication gateway station in this embodiment well solves this problem, saves 80% of installation space, and greatly reduces installation cost.
Example 2:
in the embodiment of the present invention, a working process of the above communication gateway station is provided:
and splicing the plurality of VICTS antennas to form a gateway station according to communication requirements, wherein in the communication process of the gateway station, each VICTS antenna is independent from each other, and the communication with a target satellite is carried out according to the independent transceiving channel of each antenna and the cooperation of a servo system.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "radial", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or an implicit indication of the number of technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a novel gateway station suitable for three kinds of orbit satellites of height, well, low which characterized in that, includes a plurality of concatenation VICTS antennas (1) together, and is adjacent splice through linking frame (2) between VICTS antenna (1), and arbitrary two are adjacent the contained angle between VICTS antenna (1) is first preset angle, and the outermost circle the contained angle of VICTS antenna (1) and ground is the second preset angle.
2. The new gateway station for satellites in orbit of high, medium and low types according to claim 1, characterized in that the VICTS antenna (1) comprises an antenna housing assembly (3), an upper polarization layer (4), a lower polarization layer (5), a radiation layer (6), a feed layer (7) and a bottom plate assembly (8) arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the antenna housing assembly (3) and the bottom plate assembly (8) are fastened with the corresponding connection frame (2).
3. The new gateway station adapted for satellites in high, medium and low orbits according to claim 2, characterized in that said feed layer (7) comprises a power dividing network, a quasi-TEM wave converter and a filter; the radiation layer (6) comprises a coupling gap and a continuous transverse branch unit (9); the upper polarization layer (4) and the lower polarization layer (5) both comprise a dielectric plate, a printed zigzag line and a foam interlayer.
4. The new gateway station for satellites in high, medium and low orbits according to claim 3, characterized in that the continuous transverse branch unit (9) adopts a step-gradual continuous transverse branch slot array.
5. The new type of gateway station applicable to satellites in high, medium and low orbits according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of VICTS antennas in the gateway station is set according to the communication range and requirements of the gateway station, and each communication range of the gateway station has the value of the number of VICTS antennas (1).
6. The novel gateway station for satellites in three orbits, high, medium and low, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface of the gateway station is of an arch shape.
7. The new gateway station for satellites in orbit of high, medium and low types according to claim 1, wherein said first predetermined angle is determined according to the scanning loss of said VICTS antenna.
8. The novel gateway station applicable to satellites in three orbits, high, medium and low, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second predetermined angle is 20-25 degrees.
9. The novel gateway station applicable to satellites in high, medium and low orbits as claimed in claim 1, wherein the caliber of the VICTS antenna is determined according to the communication capacity required by the gateway station;
the communication capability of the gateway station is positively correlated with the gain of a single VICTS antenna, and the relational expression between the gain of the VICTS antenna and the caliber of the VICTS antenna is as follows:
Figure FDA0003383797250000021
in the formula, G (dB)i) Is the gain of the ith antenna in the station, D is the equivalent aperture of the antenna, lambda0For the center operating wavelength of the VICTS antenna, 4.5 is empirical data.
CN202111445149.7A 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Novel gateway station suitable for high, medium and low three orbit satellites Pending CN114256637A (en)

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CN202111445149.7A CN114256637A (en) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Novel gateway station suitable for high, medium and low three orbit satellites

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111445149.7A CN114256637A (en) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Novel gateway station suitable for high, medium and low three orbit satellites

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Inventor after: Wei Wei

Inventor after: Chu Liang

Inventor after: Li Guomin

Inventor after: Wang Liying

Inventor after: Qin Tian

Inventor after: Yu Xin

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