CN114256607B

CN114256607B - High-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna

Info

Publication number: CN114256607B
Application number: CN202111579113.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李伟; 余川; 李佳峻
Original assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Current assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Priority date: 2021-12-22
Filing date: 2021-12-22
Publication date: 2022-12-13
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-22
Also published as: CN114256607A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radiation antennas, and provides a high-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna. The antenna is easy to burn after the radiation factor of the antenna reaches more than 1 MV. The technical scheme includes that the antenna comprises an impedance converter (1) and an index involute antenna (A) connected with the impedance converter (1), an outer cover (4) is sleeved outside the index involute antenna, and transformer oil used for immersing the index involute antenna (A) is arranged in the outer cover (4). The invention works in the power capacity of 1MV, 100 ten thousand volts of high voltage can be formed between the polar plates, and the polar plates are easy to ionize to form sparks to cause device burnout.

Description

High-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of radiation antennas, and provides a high-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna.

Background

In order to deal with electronic targets such as swarm unmanned aerial vehicles, ultra-wideband electromagnetic waves are adopted in the best scheme, but the ultra-wideband electromagnetic wave antenna is generally low in power or narrow in bandwidth when high in power, wherein the withstand voltage is particularly critical, the conventional ultra-wideband antenna is only used for equipment such as communication and radar and serves as a destructive weapon, the acting distance of the conventional ultra-wideband antenna is an important index, the withstand voltage of the antenna is reflected on the withstand voltage of the antenna, the problem that the withstand voltage of the antenna is extremely important when the ultra-wideband is ensured is solved, and under the condition of high power and ultra-wideband, the voltage between conventional design polar plates reaches 100 volts, the problem that the antenna is easily burnt by fire, the bandwidth is insufficient, and the emission efficiency is limited easily occurs.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that an antenna is easy to burn after the radiation factor of the antenna reaches more than 1 MV.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical means:

the high-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna comprises an impedance converter and an index involute antenna connected with the impedance converter, wherein an outer cover is sleeved outside the index involute antenna, transformer oil used for immersing the index involute antenna is arranged in the outer cover, and the arrangement of the transformer oil can effectively reduce the ignition condition of an antenna pole plate.

In the above technical solution, the exponential involute antenna includes an antenna outer cylinder and an antenna inner core, and the antenna outer cylinder are respectively provided with a polar plate.

In the technical scheme, the polar plate comprises a bottom end and a top end, and the width of the polar plate is gradually widened from the bottom end and along the top end. This facilitates a smooth gradual change of the impedance of the ultra-wide band.

In the technical scheme, the top end of the polar plate is of an inward-rolling structure. The surface current flows along the smooth path, so that the surface current path is prolonged, the equivalent point length of the antenna is increased, and the antenna gain is increased.

In the technical scheme, the two pole plates are connected through the support rod.

In the technical scheme, the axes of the antenna outer cylinder and the antenna inner core are coaxial and parallel.

In the technical scheme, a connecting end is further arranged between the index gradually-opening antennas connected with the impedance transformation section, and the connecting end comprises a connecting end outer barrel and a splicing inner core.

In the technical scheme, the impedance converter comprises a transition outer cylinder and a transition inner core, and the transition inner core is fixed in the transition outer cylinder through a lower transition insulator and an upper transition insulator.

In the technical scheme, the antenna inner core is in a flat shape in a cylindrical gradual change from the bottom end of the antenna inner core to the top end of the antenna inner core, so that the impedance of the ultra-wide band is stably gradually changed, and the bandwidth and the gain of the antenna are improved.

Because the invention adopts the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the coaxial wedge feed balun is a device which changes high-frequency signals from single-end input into balanced output and completes different impedance matching of two input and output ports. In order to achieve the purpose of converting the unbalanced structure of the coaxial line into the balanced structure of the parallel double lines, a notch is cut in the longitudinal direction of the coaxial line outer conductor according to a specific change rule, so that the impedance of a point on the notch can be changed, and the reflection coefficient in a pass band is distributed according to a Chebyshev function. It has two typical characteristics of balun: impedance transformation and balun transformation.

2. The designed balun of the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna realizes impedance conversion from 100 ohms to 60 ohms, the generated ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulse is efficiently radiated out through the exponential involute antenna, the frequency band width reaches 180 MHz-3 GHz, and the ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna can work in the power capacity of 1 MV. Can interfere and damage electronic equipment such as a remote unmanned aerial vehicle.

3. The top end of the polar plate is of an inward-rolling structure, so that surface current flows along a smooth path, the path of the surface current is prolonged, the equivalent point length of the antenna is further increased, the gain of the antenna is increased, and the device is prevented from being burnt.

4. This patent is at impedance transformation, whole sealed transformer oil 5 such as nylon overcoat, has avoided striking sparks, and the index gradually-opened antenna has also guaranteed the efficient radiation of ultra wide band simultaneously.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exponential involute antenna;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an antenna core;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an impedance transformer.

Reference numerals

The antenna comprises an A-exponential involute antenna, a 1-impedance transformer, a 2-connecting end, a 2-2-connecting end outer barrel, a 3-coaxial wedge feed balun, a 3-1-antenna inner core, a 3-1-1-antenna inner core bottom end, a 3-1-2-antenna inner core top end, a 3-2-antenna inner core, a 4-outer cover, a 5-polar plate, a 5-1-inner coil structure, a 5-2-bottom end, a 5-3-top end and a 6-supporting rod.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given of embodiments of the present invention. While the invention will be described and illustrated in connection with certain specific embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to those embodiments. Rather, modifications and equivalents of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.

The high-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic wave is an effective solution for unmanned aerial vehicles, high-speed missiles and the like, but the core of the high-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic wave is a source for generating the high-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic wave and a transmitting antenna. The withstand voltage and the bandwidth of the radiation antenna directly determine the efficiency, the power, the bandwidth and the like of the radiation antenna for transmitting electromagnetic waves, so that the hitting effect of the radiation device on electronic equipment such as an unmanned aerial vehicle is determined.

The invention provides a high-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna which comprises an impedance converter 1 and an index involute antenna A connected with the impedance converter 1, wherein an outer cover 4 is sleeved outside the index involute antenna, and transformer oil used for immersing the index involute antenna A is arranged in the outer cover 4.

In the technical scheme, the exponential involute antenna A comprises a coaxial wedge feed balun 3, the coaxial wedge feed balun comprises an antenna inner core 3-1 and an antenna outer cylinder 3-2, and polar plates 5 are respectively arranged on the antenna outer cylinder 3-2 and the antenna inner core 3-1.

In the technical scheme, the polar plate 5 comprises a bottom end 5-2 and a top end 5-3, and the width of the polar plate 5 is gradually increased from the bottom end 5-2 to the top end 5-3.

In the technical scheme, the top end 5-3 of the polar plate 5 is of an inward-rolling structure 5-1.

In the technical scheme, the two pole plates 5 are connected through the support rod 6.

In the technical scheme, the axes of the antenna outer cylinder 3-1 and the antenna inner core 3-1 are coaxial and parallel.

In the technical scheme, a connecting end 2 is further arranged between the index involute antennas A connected with the impedance transformation section 1, and the connecting end 2 comprises a connecting end outer barrel 2-1 and a splicing inner core 2-2.

In the technical scheme, the impedance converter 1 comprises a transition outer cylinder 1-1 and a transition inner core 1-4, wherein the transition inner core 1-4 is fixed in the transition outer cylinder 1-1 through a lower transition insulator 1-2 and an upper transition insulator 1-3.

The coaxial wedge feed balun has the principle that the outer conductor and the inner conductor of a coaxial line are converted into balanced parallel double lines through gradual change, and meanwhile, the radius of a metal cylinder can be adjusted to perform impedance matching. Fig. 3 is a coaxial wedge feed balun, and the outer conductor of the coaxial wedge feed balun is cut according to an exponential function form. The balun transformation ratio of the structure can reach 5.

Claims

1. The high-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna is characterized by comprising an impedance converter (1) and an index involute antenna (A) connected with the impedance converter (1), wherein an outer cover (4) is sleeved outside the index involute antenna, and transformer oil used for immersing the index involute antenna (A) is arranged in the outer cover (4);

the index involute antenna (A) comprises a coaxial wedge feed balun (3) which comprises an antenna outer cylinder (3-2) and an antenna inner core (3-1), polar plates (5) are respectively arranged on the antenna outer cylinder (3-2) and the antenna inner core (3-1), and the axes of the antenna outer cylinder (3-2) and the antenna inner core (3-1) are coaxially parallel;

the antenna inner core (3-1) is in a cylindrical shape from the bottom end (3-1-1) of the antenna inner core to the top end (3-1-2) of the antenna inner core and gradually becomes into a flat shape;

the top end (5-3) of the polar plate (5) is of an inward-rolling structure (5-1).

2. The high power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate (5) comprises a bottom end (5-2) and a top end (5-3), the width of the plate (5) gradually increasing from the bottom end (5-2) along the top end (5-3).

3. A high power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the two pole plates (5) are connected by a support rod (6).

4. The high-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein a connection terminal (2) is further provided between the exponential involute antennas (a) connected to the impedance transformer (1), and the connection terminal (2) comprises a connection terminal outer cylinder (2-1) and a plug inner core (2-2).

5. The high-power ultra-wideband electromagnetic radiation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the impedance transformer (1) comprises a transition outer cylinder (1-1), a transition inner core (1-4), and the transition inner core (1-4) is fixed in the transition outer cylinder (1-1) through a lower transition insulator (1-2) and an upper transition insulator (1-3).