CN114256605A - Combined antenna - Google Patents
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- CN114256605A CN114256605A CN202111562755.7A CN202111562755A CN114256605A CN 114256605 A CN114256605 A CN 114256605A CN 202111562755 A CN202111562755 A CN 202111562755A CN 114256605 A CN114256605 A CN 114256605A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined antenna, comprising: microstrip antennas and helical antennas; the microstrip antenna is arranged at the top of the spiral antenna; the radiator of the microstrip antenna feeds a first PCB of the microstrip antenna; the radiation arm of the spiral antenna feeds the second PCB board of the spiral antenna; the first PCB is connected to the second PCB by a feed line located inside the helical antenna, thereby forming a combined antenna. Because the microstrip antenna has smaller volume and small height, the combined antenna is ensured to have shorter length, and compared with the prior art, the combined antenna has the advantages that the height of the combined antenna is reduced and the volume of the combined antenna is reduced on the basis of being responsible for multi-band radiation signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a combined antenna.
Background
In the current rapid development of Global Navigation Satellite systems, systems such as a GPS (Global Positioning System), a GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System), a beidou Satellite Navigation System and the like coexist in multiple systems, and the multimode fusion is further accelerated. With the comprehensive establishment of the Beidou third-generation global satellite navigation system, the Beidou system completes the global networking deployment, and the Beidou system is promoting the comprehensive development of global economy, society and military. The antenna is used as an important component of the front end of the satellite navigation receiver and the satellite communication equipment, so that the performance of the antenna is directly related to the measurement precision of the satellite navigation receiver and the success rate of satellite communication.
Among them, the quadrifilar helix antenna is widely used in the satellite navigation positioning field with good axial ratio characteristic, hemispherical coverage heart-shaped directional diagram and low elevation angle performance. In order to adapt to the existing multiband radiation signals, in the prior art, spiral antennas responsible for different frequency bands are combined together to make each frequency band independent from each other, so that the multiband radiation signals are used.
However, based on the structural characteristics of the quadrifilar helix antenna, the size of the combined quadrifilar helix antenna in the height direction is large, and in the application fields of handheld positioning equipment, surveying and mapping and the like, the size and the weight are large, so that the assembly and the carrying are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a combined antenna, which is used for reducing the height of the combined antenna and the volume of the combined antenna on the basis of being responsible for multi-band radiation signals.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a combined antenna, including:
the microstrip antenna is arranged at the top of the spiral antenna;
the radiator of the microstrip antenna feeds a first PCB of the microstrip antenna; the radiation arm of the helical antenna feeds a second PCB of the helical antenna;
the first PCB is connected with the second PCB through a feeder line positioned inside the helical antenna, so that a combined antenna is formed.
In the technical scheme, the first PCB of the microstrip antenna and the second PCB of the helical antenna are connected together through the feeder line to realize transmission of radiation signals, and then the microstrip antenna and the helical antenna are combined to obtain a combined antenna, so that the combined antenna is responsible for radiation signals of different frequency bands; compared with the prior art, the microstrip antenna has the advantages that the microstrip antenna is small in size and small in height, so that the length of the combined antenna can be guaranteed not to be too long, the height of the combined antenna is reduced on the basis of being responsible for multi-band radiation signals, and the size of the combined antenna is reduced.
Optionally, the microstrip antenna includes a first radiator, a second radiator and the first PCB, which are stacked; the working frequency bands of the first radiator and the second radiator are different;
the first radiator is connected with a feed network of the first PCB through a first feed pin;
and the second radiator is connected with the feed network of the first PCB through a second feed pin.
According to the technical scheme, the radiation signals of different frequency bands are transmitted and received through different radiators, and the radiation signals of different frequency bands are transmitted to the feed network of the first PCB through the first feed pin and the second feed pin, so that the radiation signals can be subjected to operations such as power detection and the like.
Optionally, the first radiator is configured to receive a signal of an S frequency band;
the second radiator is used for transmitting signals of an L frequency band.
Optionally, the helical antenna includes a plurality of groups of radiating arms disposed on the flexible dielectric plate; the flexible dielectric plate forms a hollow structure and is arranged on the second PCB; the hollow structure also comprises a hollow metal column;
the feeder line is arranged in the hollow metal column.
In the technical scheme, the hollow metal column can be respectively connected with the first PCB and the second PCB in a welding mode, so that the stability of the combined antenna is improved; interference with transmission of the radiation signal can be reduced by disposing the feed line inside the hollow metal column.
Optionally, the helical antenna includes four sets of radiating arms; each group of radiation arms comprises a long radiation arm and a short radiation arm; the long radiation arm is used for receiving Beidou B3 frequency band radiation signals; the short radiation arm is used for receiving radiation signals of a Beidou B1I frequency band and a Beidou B1C frequency band.
Optionally, the four groups of radiating arms feed power to the second PCB at 90 ° intervals;
the four groups of radiation arms are wound on the flexible medium plate according to a preset spiral direction.
In the technical scheme, the radiation arms of the quadrifilar helix antenna are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees and in the preset helix direction, so that the right-hand circular polarization or the left-hand circular polarization of the quadrifilar helix antenna is realized.
Optionally, any group of radiating arms further includes a grounding point and an impedance matching stub, where the grounding point and the impedance matching stub have a preset length.
In the technical scheme, the preset length is set through the impedance matching branch at the butt joint point to optimize the impedance matching of the radiation signals of the Beidou B1I frequency band, the B1C frequency band and the B3 frequency band.
Optionally, a distance between a top end of the radiation arm of the helical antenna and the first PCB is not less than a preset distance.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up preset distance between the radiation arm to four-arm helical antenna and the first PCB board, reduce microstrip antenna to helical antenna's radiation influence.
Optionally, the first shielding case is disposed on the back of the first PCB and located inside the helical antenna;
a first radio frequency circuit aiming at an S-band radiation signal is arranged on the back surface of the first PCB; the first radio frequency circuit is arranged in a space formed by the first shielding cover and the first PCB;
the second shielding cover is arranged on the back surface of the second PCB;
the back of the second PCB is provided with a second radio frequency circuit aiming at radiation signals of an L frequency band, a Beidou B3 frequency band, a Beidou B1I frequency band and a Beidou B1C frequency band; the second radio frequency circuit is arranged in a space formed by the second shielding cover and the second PCB.
The first radio frequency circuit comprises a first filter and a first low noise amplifier and is used for carrying out signal processing on the S-band radiation signal;
optionally, the second radio frequency circuit includes a second filter, a second low noise amplifier, a combiner, a duplexer, and a power divider; the second filter and the second low noise amplifier are used for processing signals of radiation signals of an L frequency band, a Beidou B3 frequency band, a Beidou B1I frequency band and a Beidou B1C frequency band; the combiner is used for combining the processed S-band radiation signals with the processed Beidou B3 frequency band, the processed Beidou B1I frequency band and the processed Beidou B1C frequency band radiation signals; the duplexer is used for isolating the L-band radiation signals from the S-band radiation signals, the Beidou B3 frequency band radiation signals, the Beidou B1I frequency band radiation signals and the Beidou B1C frequency band radiation signals; the power divider is used for dividing the L-band radiation signals into multiple paths of L-band radiation signals;
the second radio frequency circuit also comprises a control circuit and a power amplifier module, and is used for detecting the power of the L-band radiation signal and determining whether to start the power amplifier module according to the power of the L-band radiation signal; and the power amplification module is used for carrying out power amplification on the L-band radiation signal.
In the technical scheme, the radio frequency circuits of the frequency bands of the combined antenna are arranged in the first PCB and the second PCB of the combined antenna, so that the combined antenna integrates the radiation signal power amplification function, and the management capability of the combined antenna on radiation signals is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined antenna composed of a plurality of spiral antennas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a combined antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a combined antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an antenna pattern of a B1C frequency band radiation signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an antenna pattern of a B1I frequency band radiation signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an antenna pattern of a B3 frequency band radiation signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an antenna pattern of an S-band radiation signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is an antenna pattern of an L-band radiation signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The rapid development of the current global navigation satellite system, the GPS, the GLONASS, the Beidou satellite navigation system and other systems coexist, and the multi-module fusion is further accelerated. With the comprehensive establishment of the Beidou third-generation global satellite navigation system, the Beidou system completes the global networking deployment, and the Beidou system is promoting the comprehensive development of global economy, society and military. For example, the method can be applied to the fields of aerospace, satellite communication, emergency rescue, intelligent transportation, intelligent agriculture, geological disasters, environmental monitoring and the like. The Beidou third-generation system has two functions of navigation positioning and communication data transmission, and can provide 7 types of services such as positioning navigation time service, global short message communication, regional short message communication, international search and rescue, satellite-based enhancement, foundation enhancement, precise single-point positioning and the like.
The antenna is used as an important component of the front end of a satellite navigation receiver and a satellite communication device, and the performance of the antenna is directly related to the measurement precision of the satellite navigation receiver and the success rate of satellite communication. For supporting the Beidou third-generation handheld communication positioning terminal, the short message communication function is required to be met, and multi-band combined positioning is also required.
In the prior art, the antenna responsible for multiband radiation signals is generally implemented in the following two ways.
On the basis of a four-arm spiral, each spiral arm is parasitic to form a spiral arm which is responsible for the other frequency band;
and secondly, combining the spiral antennas in charge of different frequency bands together to realize multiple frequency bands, wherein each frequency band is independent.
However, in the first method, if the number of the parasitic spiral arms is too large, the gain of the radiation signal in each frequency band is seriously reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the radiation signal in each frequency band is affected; in the second method, the helical antennas in charge of different frequency bands are combined in a laminating mode, so that the length and the weight of the combined antenna are too long, and the combined antenna is not favorable for assembly and carrying due to large size and large weight in the application fields of handheld positioning equipment, surveying and mapping and the like.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined antenna formed by combining a plurality of spiral antennas according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the combined antenna includes a spiral antenna 110, a spiral antenna 120, and a spiral antenna 130, as can be seen from fig. 1. Combine three helical antenna together along the central axis direction, and then obtain combination antenna to make combination antenna's length overlength, weight is great, consequently needs a combination antenna now urgently, satisfies to be responsible for the multiband radiation signal on the basis, reduces combination antenna's height, reduces combination antenna's volume, reduces combination antenna's weight.
Based on the above description, fig. 2 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a combined antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a microstrip antenna 210 and a spiral antenna 220.
To better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, based on fig. 2, fig. 3 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a combined antenna, as shown in fig. 3, a microstrip antenna 210 is disposed on top of a spiral antenna 220; the radiator of the microstrip antenna 210 feeds the first PCB 211 of the microstrip antenna; the radiating arm 222 of the helical antenna 220 feeds the second PCB board 221 of the helical antenna.
As shown in fig. 3, the first PCB 211 and the second PCB 221 are connected by a feeder 310, and in particular, the first PCB 211 is connected to the second PCB by the feeder 310 located inside the helical antenna 220, thereby forming a combined antenna. Thereby combining the microstrip antenna 210 and the spiral antenna 220 to generate a combined antenna.
Specifically, the microstrip antenna 210 includes a first radiator 212, a second radiator 213 and a first PCB 211, which are stacked; the working frequency bands of the first radiator 212 and the second radiator 213 are different; the first radiator 212 is connected to the first PCB 211 through a first feed pin 2121; the second radiator 213 is connected to the first PCB 211 through a second feed pin 2131, wherein the first feed pin 2121 and the second feed pin 2131 are pin pins.
For the receiving and sending of the radiation signals of the antenna, the radiation surface on the radiator of the antenna is used for realizing the receiving and sending of the radiation signals of the antenna; further, as shown in fig. 2, the radiation surface 2122 of the first radiator 212 is disposed on the surface of the first radiator 212; the radiation surface 2132 of the second radiator 213 is disposed on the surface of the second radiator 213; the radiation surface 2122 of the first radiator 212 is connected to the feed network of the first PCB 211 through a first feed pin 2121; the radiation surface 2132 of the second radiator 213 is connected to the feeding network of the first PCB 211 through a second feeding pin 2131.
The feed lines 310 include a first feed line and a second feed line; the first feed line is used for connecting a first radiator 212 of the microstrip antenna 210 through a feed network of the first PCB 211; the first radiator 212 is configured to receive an S-band radiation signal; the second feed line is used for connecting the second radiator 213 of the microstrip antenna 210 through the feed network of the first PCB 211; the second radiator 213 is configured to transmit an L-band radiation signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to increase the structural stability of the combined antenna and reduce the interference to the first feed line and the second feed line, a hollow metal column is disposed between the first PCB 211 and the second PCB 221; as shown in fig. 3, one end of the hollow metal pillar 320 is disposed on one side of the first PCB 211, and the other end of the hollow metal pillar 320 is disposed on one side of the second PCB 211; the first feeder line and the second feeder line are arranged inside the hollow metal column 320, and the hollow metal column 320 is arranged in the flexible dielectric plate 223 of the hollow structure of the spiral antenna 220; for example, the Flexible medium board 223 may be an FPC (Flexible circuit board).
It should be noted that the hollow metal pillar may be a copper pillar, a silver pillar, or the like, and is fixed between the first PCB 211 and the second PCB 221 by welding, and the material and the connection (such as welding, glue fixing, or the like) of the hollow metal pillar are not specifically limited in the present invention.
In an implementable manner, a non-metallic hollow cylinder, such as plastic or the like, may also be used, fixed between the first PCB 211 and the second PCB 221 by glue.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the spiral antenna 220 includes a plurality of sets of radiating arms 222 disposed on the flexible dielectric plate 223, for example, the spiral antenna 220 is a quadrifilar spiral antenna; as shown in fig. 2, each set of radiating arms 222 includes a first radiating arm 2221 and a second radiating arm 2222; the first radiation arm 2221 is a long radiation arm and is configured to receive radiation signals of a Beidou B3 frequency band; the second radiation arm 2222 is a short radiation arm, and is configured to receive radiation signals in the beidou B1I frequency band and the beidou B1C frequency band.
And four sets of radiating arms 222 feed power to the second PCB 221 at 90 ° intervals and wind around the flexible dielectric plate 223 according to a predetermined spiral direction. Specifically, one end of each of the four sets of radiating arms 222 is disposed on one side of the second PCB 221 at 90 ° intervals; that is, four sets of radiation arms 222 are disposed on one surface of the second PCB 221 in the directions of 0 °, -90 °, -180 °, and-270 °, respectively, and the four sets of radiation arms 222 correspond to four feeding points, so that the feeding network of the second PCB 221 sequentially generates phase differences of 0 °, -90 °, -180 °, -270 °, and right-hand circular polarization of the helical antenna 220 is achieved.
It should be noted that the other end of the radiation arm 222 of the spiral antenna 220 has a predetermined distance from the first PCB 211 of the microstrip antenna 210; specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a distance between a top end of the radiation arm 222 of the helical antenna 220 and the first PCB 211 is not less than a preset distance, so as to reduce a radiation effect of the microstrip antenna 210 on the helical antenna 220.
Any group of radiating arms 222 further needs to be connected to the second PCB 223 through a ground point, specifically, as shown in fig. 2, one end of the ground point 410 is disposed on the radiating arm 222 of the helical antenna 220; the other end of the ground point 410 is disposed on the second PCB 221.
In addition, any group of radiating arms 222 is also provided with an impedance matching stub 420; the impedance matching stub 420 is disposed on the radiating arm 222; and the grounding point 410 and the impedance matching stub 420 have a predetermined length; the length of the grounding point 410 is equal to the distance between the radiation arm 222 and the second PCB 221, and the impedance matching stub 420 is not connected to the second PCB 221, so as to optimize impedance matching of radiation signals in the beidou B1I frequency band, the B1C frequency band, and the B3 frequency band.
The embodiment of the invention also integrates the power amplification function for the combined antenna; specifically, a first radio frequency circuit for an S-band radiation signal is disposed on the back of the first PCB 211; the back of the second PCB 221 is provided with a second rf circuit for radiation signals in the L frequency band, the beidou B3 frequency band, the beidou B1I frequency band, and the beidou B1C frequency band.
In an implementation manner, the second rf circuit may be disposed in the first PCB 211, but in order not to increase the volume of the microstrip antenna 210, the second rf circuit for radiating signals in the L band, the beidou B3 band, the beidou B1I band, and the beidou B1C band is disposed in the second PCB 221, which is not limited herein.
To better illustrate the functions of the first rf circuit and the second rf circuit, fig. 4 schematically shows a circuit flow chart, as shown in fig. 4, the first rf circuit includes a first filter and a first low noise amplifier, and is used for performing signal processing on the S-band radiation signal; the second radio frequency circuit comprises a second filter, a second low noise amplifier, a combiner, a duplexer and a power divider; the second filter and the second low noise amplifier are used for processing signals of radiation signals of an L frequency band, a Beidou B3 frequency band, a Beidou B1I frequency band and a Beidou B1C frequency band; the combiner is used for combining the processed S-band radiation signals with the processed Beidou B3 frequency band, the processed Beidou B1I frequency band and the processed Beidou B1C frequency band radiation signals; the duplexer is used for isolating the L-band radiation signals from the S-band radiation signals, the Beidou B3 frequency band radiation signals, the Beidou B1I frequency band radiation signals and the Beidou B1C frequency band radiation signals; the power divider is used for dividing the L-band radiation signals into multiple paths of L-band radiation signals.
In addition, the second radio frequency circuit also comprises a control circuit and a power amplifier module, and is used for detecting the power of the L-band radiation signal and determining whether to start the power amplifier module according to the power of the L-band radiation signal; the power amplification module is used for carrying out power amplification on the L-band radiation signal.
For example, the S-band radiation signal sequentially passes through a first filter, a first LNA (low noise amplifier), and the first filter, and then is combined with the B1I, B1C, and B3-band radiation signals sequentially passing through a second LNA and the second filter in a combiner, so as to obtain a receiving signal.
Then, the signal is isolated from the circuit of the L-band radiation signal through a duplexer to obtain two paths of signals, namely a receiving signal and a transmitting signal, so that the radiation signal is input/output through one port (input/output port); wherein the transmitting signal is an L-band radiation signal; the received signals are radiation signals of an S frequency band, a Beidou B3 frequency band, a Beidou B1I frequency band and a Beidou B1C frequency band. Thereby reducing mutual interference between the received and transmitted signals.
That is to say, the radiation signals of the S frequency band, the B1I frequency band, the B1C frequency band and the B3 frequency band are received through the port, and the L frequency band radiation signals are output through the port, and are transmitted through the second radio frequency circuit (including driving, filtering, power amplification and filtering), wherein the power detection and control circuit in the L frequency band radio frequency circuit is used for detecting the power of the L frequency band radiation signals of the port to determine whether to start the power amplification module, so as to determine whether to amplify the power of the L frequency band radiation signals through the power amplification module.
In order to reduce the interference to the radio frequency circuit, a shielding case is arranged; specifically, the first shield case 510 is disposed on the back surface of the first PCB 210; the second shield can 520 is disposed on the back of the second PCB 220; the first rf circuit is disposed in a space formed by the first shield case 510 and the first PCB board 210; the second rf circuit is disposed in a space formed by the second shield case 520 and the second PCB 220.
In order to better demonstrate the performance of the combined antenna of the present invention, fig. 5 is an exemplary antenna pattern of a B1C frequency band radiation signal according to an embodiment of the present invention; for example, the frequency band of B1C is 1575 MHZ.
Fig. 6 is an antenna pattern of a B1I frequency band radiation signal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; the frequency band of B1I is 1561MHZ for example.
Fig. 7 is an antenna pattern of a B3 frequency band radiation signal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; the B3 band is 1268MHZ for example.
Fig. 8 is an antenna pattern of an S-band radiated signal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; wherein, the S frequency band is 2492MHZ for example.
Fig. 9 is an exemplary antenna pattern of an L-band radiated signal according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, the L band is 1616MHZ for example.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A combined antenna is characterized by comprising a microstrip antenna and a spiral antenna;
the microstrip antenna is arranged at the top of the spiral antenna;
the radiator of the microstrip antenna feeds a first PCB of the microstrip antenna; the radiation arm of the helical antenna feeds a second PCB of the helical antenna;
the first PCB is connected with the second PCB through a feeder line positioned inside the helical antenna, so that a combined antenna is formed.
2. The combination antenna of claim 1, wherein the microstrip antenna comprises a first radiator, a second radiator and the first PCB board arranged in a stack; the working frequency bands of the first radiator and the second radiator are different;
the first radiator is connected with a feed network of the first PCB through a first feed pin;
and the second radiator is connected with the feed network of the first PCB through a second feed pin.
3. The combination antenna of claim 2, wherein the first radiator is configured to receive signals in an S-band;
the second radiator is used for transmitting signals of an L frequency band.
4. The combination antenna of claim 1, wherein the helical antenna comprises a plurality of sets of radiating arms disposed on a flexible dielectric sheet; the flexible dielectric plate forms a hollow structure and is arranged on the second PCB; the hollow structure also comprises a hollow metal column;
the feeder line is arranged in the hollow metal column.
5. A combined antenna according to claim 4, wherein the helical antenna comprises four sets of radiating arms; each group of radiation arms comprises a long radiation arm and a short radiation arm; the long radiation arm is used for receiving Beidou B3 frequency band radiation signals; the short radiation arm is used for receiving radiation signals of a Beidou B1I frequency band and a Beidou B1C frequency band.
6. The combination antenna of claim 5, wherein the four sets of radiating arms are fed to the second PCB board at 90 ° intervals;
the four groups of radiation arms are wound on the flexible medium plate according to a preset spiral direction.
7. The combination antenna of claim 4, wherein any set of radiating arms further comprises a ground point and an impedance matching stub, wherein the ground point and the impedance matching stub are of a predetermined length.
8. The combination antenna of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a distance between a tip of a radiating arm of the helical antenna and the first PCB board is not less than a preset distance.
9. The combination antenna of claim 8, further comprising a first shield disposed on a back side of the first PCB and inside the helical antenna;
a first radio frequency circuit aiming at an S-band radiation signal is arranged on the back surface of the first PCB; the first radio frequency circuit is arranged in a space formed by the first shielding cover and the first PCB;
the second shielding cover is arranged on the back surface of the second PCB;
the back of the second PCB is provided with a second radio frequency circuit aiming at radiation signals of an L frequency band, a Beidou B3 frequency band, a Beidou B1I frequency band and a Beidou B1C frequency band; the second radio frequency circuit is arranged in a space formed by the second shielding cover and the second PCB.
10. A combined antenna according to claim 9, wherein the first radio frequency circuit comprises a first filter, a first low noise amplifier for signal processing of the S-band radiated signals;
the second radio frequency circuit comprises a second filter, a second low noise amplifier, a combiner, a duplexer and a power divider; the second filter and the second low noise amplifier are used for processing signals of radiation signals of an L frequency band, a Beidou B3 frequency band, a Beidou B1I frequency band and a Beidou B1C frequency band; the combiner is used for combining the processed S-band radiation signals with the processed Beidou B3 frequency band, the processed Beidou B1I frequency band and the processed Beidou B1C frequency band radiation signals; the duplexer is used for isolating the L-band radiation signals from the S-band radiation signals, the Beidou B3 frequency band radiation signals, the Beidou B1I frequency band radiation signals and the Beidou B1C frequency band radiation signals; the power divider is used for dividing the L-band radiation signals into multiple paths of L-band radiation signals;
the second radio frequency circuit also comprises a control circuit and a power amplifier module, and is used for detecting the power of the L-band radiation signal and determining whether to start the power amplifier module according to the power of the L-band radiation signal; and the power amplification module is used for carrying out power amplification on the L-band radiation signal.
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| CN202111562755.7A CN114256605A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Combined antenna |
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| CN202111562755.7A CN114256605A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Combined antenna |
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