CN114069217A - Helical antenna and positioning system - Google Patents
Helical antenna and positioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114069217A CN114069217A CN202210003507.7A CN202210003507A CN114069217A CN 114069217 A CN114069217 A CN 114069217A CN 202210003507 A CN202210003507 A CN 202210003507A CN 114069217 A CN114069217 A CN 114069217A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
- H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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Abstract
The application relates to a helical antenna and a positioning system. At least one group of spiral radiation arms is wound on the surface of the dielectric body, and each group of spiral radiation arms comprises a short circuit branch, a first low-frequency radiation branch, a second low-frequency radiation branch and a high-frequency radiation branch. The first low-frequency radiation branch and the high-frequency radiation branch are connected into the feed network, the short-circuit branch is connected with the first low-frequency radiation branch, and the short-circuit branch and the second low-frequency radiation branch are grounded. Under the excitation of the feed source, the first low-frequency radiation branch and the second low-frequency radiation branch work at a first resonance point and a second resonance point after coaction, and the frequency of the first resonance point is smaller than that of the second resonance point. The feed network is used for converting the received electromagnetic signals into electromagnetic signals meeting the circular polarization requirement of the spiral antenna. The helical antenna widens the coverage bandwidth of the helical antenna, and can cover more coverage bandwidths of the positioning system.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to a helical antenna and a positioning system.
Background
The signals of the Beidou third generation satellite navigation system for providing public service at present mainly comprise navigation signals of frequency bands such as B1I, B1C, B2a, B2I and B3I. For open services, the overlapping of the frequency spectrums can provide better navigation positioning functions for each navigation system. With the rapid development of the Beidou navigation satellite system, the GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, Beidou navigation satellite system and other systems have the requirement of coexistence of multiple systems.
The existing helical antenna has narrow bandwidth and limited coverage frequency band, can not simultaneously cover the frequency bands of a plurality of positioning systems, and can not meet the requirement of supporting a plurality of systems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a helical antenna and a positioning system.
In a first aspect, a helical antenna is provided, comprising:
the feed network comprises a dielectric body, at least one group of spiral radiating arms and a feed network, wherein the at least one group of spiral radiating arms are wound on the surface of the dielectric body;
each group of spiral radiating arms comprises a short-circuit branch, a first low-frequency radiating branch, a second low-frequency radiating branch and a high-frequency radiating branch, wherein the first low-frequency radiating branch and the high-frequency radiating branch are connected into a feed network, the short-circuit branch is connected with the first low-frequency radiating branch, and the short-circuit branch and the second low-frequency radiating branch are grounded;
under the excitation of the feed source, the first low-frequency radiation branch and the second low-frequency radiation branch work at a first resonance point and a second resonance point after coaction, and the frequency of the first resonance point is smaller than that of the second resonance point;
the feed network is used for converting the received electromagnetic signals into electromagnetic signals meeting the circular polarization requirement of the spiral antenna.
In one embodiment, the first low-frequency radiation branch is an L-shaped radiation branch, and the first low-frequency radiation branch is electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation branch and is connected to the feed network through the high-frequency radiation branch.
In one embodiment, the short circuit stub is disposed proximate to the first low frequency radiation stub.
In one embodiment, the first low frequency radiating branch, the high frequency radiating branch and the short circuit branch are integrally formed.
In one embodiment, the radiation branches in each set of spiral radiation arms are wound on the surface of the dielectric body along the same direction.
In one embodiment, the helical antenna comprises four sets of helical radiating arms, the feed network is a one-to-four feed network, and the one-to-four feed network has four feed points which are respectively electrically connected with the set of helical radiating arms.
In one embodiment, the dielectric body is a hollow cylinder;
the length of the short circuit branch along the surface of the dielectric body is related to at least one of the diameter of the dielectric body, the height of the dielectric body and an included angle between the short circuit branch and the axis of the dielectric body.
In one embodiment, the diameter of the dielectric body is 25mm, the height of the dielectric body is 42mm, the length of the high-frequency radiation branch is 33mm, the length of the first low-frequency radiation branch is 37mm, the length of the second low-frequency radiation branch is 40mm, the length of the short-circuit branch is 1.5mm, and the width of each radiation branch is greater than 1.5mm and less than 2 mm.
In one embodiment, the spiral antenna works in the 1561.098 MHZ-1602 MHZ frequency band under the action of the high-frequency radiation branch.
In one embodiment, the spiral antenna works in a 1176.45 MHZ-1246 MHZ frequency band under the action of the first low-frequency radiation branch and the second low-frequency radiation branch.
In one embodiment, the helical antenna further includes a dielectric substrate, the dielectric body is detachably fixed on the dielectric substrate, and the feed network is disposed on a side of the dielectric substrate facing the dielectric body.
In one embodiment, a positioning module and a wired transmission interface are arranged on one side of the medium substrate, which is far away from the medium body;
the positioning module is electrically connected with the feed network and used for determining positioning data according to the satellite positioning signals received by the helical antenna; the positioning data is a digital signal;
the positioning module is further used for sending positioning data to the terminal equipment through the wired transmission interface.
In a second aspect, there is provided a positioning system comprising a helical antenna as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
The helical antenna comprises a dielectric body, at least one group of helical radiating arms and a feed network. The at least one group of spiral radiating arms is wound on the surface of the dielectric body, and each group of spiral radiating arms comprises a short-circuit branch, a first low-frequency radiating branch, a second low-frequency radiating branch and a high-frequency radiating branch. The first low-frequency radiation branch and the high-frequency radiation branch are connected into the feed network, the short-circuit branch is connected with the first low-frequency radiation branch, and the short-circuit branch and the second low-frequency radiation branch are grounded. Under the excitation of the feed source, the first low-frequency radiation branch and the second low-frequency radiation branch work together at a first resonance point and a second resonance point, and the frequency of the first resonance point is smaller than that of the second resonance point. The feed network is used for converting the received electromagnetic signals into electromagnetic signals meeting the circular polarization requirement of the spiral antenna. The helical antenna receives the electromagnetic signals of the low frequency band through the first low-frequency radiation branch knot and the second low-frequency radiation branch knot, receives the electromagnetic signals of the high frequency band through the high-frequency radiation branch knot, and the first low-frequency radiation branch knot and the second low-frequency radiation branch knot carry out energy coupling of the electromagnetic signals, so that two low-frequency resonance points are excited, the coverage bandwidth of the helical antenna is widened, compared with the existing helical antenna with only one resonance point, the helical antenna with the narrower low-frequency bandwidth can cover the coverage bandwidth of more positioning systems, and the requirements for supporting multiple positioning systems are met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way. Other embodiments and other embodiments corresponding to the figures may also be obtained from these figures, as will be apparent to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a helical antenna according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spiral radiating arm according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spiral radiating arm according to another embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a feed network in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a front/side view of a helical antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a helical antenna according to another embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary application of a helical antenna;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating the process of outputting positioning data from the helical antenna according to an embodiment;
FIGS. 9 a-h are right-hand circularly polarized gain curves of the helical antenna under different frequency spectrums.
Description of reference numerals:
10-dielectric body
20-spiral radiation arm 21-short circuit branch 22-first low-frequency radiation branch
23-second low-frequency radiation branch 24-high-frequency radiation branch
30-feed network 31-feed point
40-dielectric substrate
50-positioning module 51-radio frequency circuit 52-positioning processing unit
60-Wired transmission interface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, the connection may be for either a fixed or coupled or communicating function.
It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an …" does not exclude the presence of other identical or equivalent elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," and the like do not constitute absolute spatial relationship limitations, but rather are relative terms.
In one embodiment, the present application provides a helical antenna, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: a dielectric body 10, at least one set of helical radiating arms 20 and a feed network 30. Wherein at least one set of helical radiating arms 20 is wound around the surface of the dielectric body 10.
As shown in fig. 2, each set of spiral radiating arms 20 includes a short-circuit branch 21, a first low-frequency radiating branch 22, a second low-frequency radiating branch 23, and a high-frequency radiating branch 24. The first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and the high-frequency radiation branch 24 are both connected to the feed network 30, the short-circuit branch 21 is connected to the first low-frequency radiation branch 22, and the short-circuit branch 21 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 23 are both grounded.
The first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 23 are arranged adjacently, and work at a first resonance point and a second resonance point after coaction under the excitation of the feed source, and the frequency of the first resonance point is smaller than that of the second resonance point. The feed network 30 is used to convert the received electromagnetic signals into electromagnetic signals that satisfy the circular polarization requirements of the helical antenna.
Alternatively, the dielectric body 10 is made of a material with a low dielectric constant, such as FPC or plastic, and can be used to carry or attach the radiation arm. The spiral radiating arm 20 is made of a metal microstrip line and is used for generating an electromagnetic signal under the excitation of the feed source. The feed network 30, i.e., a feed network circuit, is used to provide the electromagnetic signal generated by the feed source to the helical radiating arm 20.
The operation of the helical antenna is as follows:
the satellite radiates electromagnetic signals, a first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and a second low-frequency radiation branch 23 in the helical antenna receive electromagnetic signals of a low frequency band, a high-frequency radiation branch 24 receives electromagnetic signals of a high frequency band, the first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 23 are arranged adjacently, energy coupling of the electromagnetic signals occurs between the first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 23, two low-frequency resonance points are excited after combined action, and the bandwidth of the electromagnetic signals of the low frequency band is expanded.
In this embodiment, the helical antenna includes a dielectric body, at least one set of helical radiating arms, and a feed network. The at least one group of spiral radiating arms is wound on the surface of the dielectric body, and each group of spiral radiating arms comprises a short-circuit branch, a first low-frequency radiating branch, a second low-frequency radiating branch and a high-frequency radiating branch. The first low-frequency radiation branch and the high-frequency radiation branch are connected into the feed network, the short-circuit branch is connected with the first low-frequency radiation branch, and the short-circuit branch and the second low-frequency radiation branch are grounded. The first low-frequency radiation branch and the second low-frequency radiation branch are used for working at a first resonance point and a second resonance point under the excitation of the feed source, and the frequency of the first resonance point is smaller than that of the second resonance point. The feed network is used for converting the received electromagnetic signals into electromagnetic signals meeting the circular polarization requirement of the spiral antenna. The spiral antenna carries out energy coupling of electromagnetic signals through the first low-frequency radiation branch knot and the second low-frequency radiation branch knot, and then excites two low-frequency resonance points, so that the coverage bandwidth of the spiral antenna is widened, compared with the existing spiral antenna with only one resonance point and narrow low-frequency bandwidth, the coverage bandwidth of more positioning systems can be covered, and the requirement for supporting various positioning systems is met.
In one embodiment, the specific structure of the spiral radiating arm 20 is as follows:
wherein, the first low-frequency radiation branch 22 is an L-shaped radiation branch.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the first low-frequency radiating branch 22 is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiating branch 24, and is connected to the feeding network 30 through the high-frequency radiating branch 24. The integrated molding of the first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and the high-frequency radiation branch 24 is facilitated, and the manufacturing process of the spiral radiation arm 20 is simplified.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the first low frequency radiating branch 22 may be electrically disconnected from the high frequency radiating branch 24 and directly connected to the feed network 30. So as to realize the independent formation of the first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and the high-frequency radiation branch 24, and facilitate the subsequent flexible construction of the spiral radiation arm 20.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the short-circuit branch 21 is disposed between the first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and the high-frequency radiation branch 24, and is disposed close to the first low-frequency radiation branch 22. The length of the short-circuit branch 21 or the distance between the short-circuit branch 21 and the first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and the high-frequency radiation branch 24 may affect the performance of the whole helical antenna, for example, the coverage bandwidth, and the short-circuit branch 21 is arranged close to the first low-frequency radiation branch 22, so that the low-frequency radiation bandwidth can be effectively improved.
In one embodiment, the first low-frequency radiating branch 22, the high-frequency radiating branch 24 and the short-circuit branch 21 are formed as follows:
optionally, to simplify the manufacturing process of the spiral radiating arm 20, the first low-frequency radiating branch 22, the high-frequency radiating branch 24 and the short-circuit branch 21 are integrally formed. For example, the whole first low-frequency radiation branch 22, the high-frequency radiation branch 24 and the short-circuit branch 21 are etched on the whole microstrip line manufacturing substrate. The integral forming simplifies the manufacturing process of the spiral radiating arm 20 and improves the manufacturing efficiency of the spiral radiating arm 20.
Alternatively, the first low-frequency radiating branch 22, the high-frequency radiating branch 24 and the short-circuit branch 21 may be formed separately for flexible subsequent construction of the spiral radiating arm 20. For example, the first low-frequency radiation branch 22, the high-frequency radiation branch 24, and the short-circuit branch 21 are etched on the monolithic microstrip line fabrication substrate, and the first low-frequency radiation branch 22, the high-frequency radiation branch 24, and the short-circuit branch 21 are electrically connected to each other. The respective forming facilitates the subsequent flexible construction of the spiral radiation arm 20, and improves the manufacturing flexibility of the spiral radiation arm 20.
Alternatively, the radiation branches in the spiral radiation arm 20 are wound on the surface of the dielectric body 10 along the same direction. For example, each radiating branch may be wound clockwise or counterclockwise from the bottom of the dielectric body 10 (the end close to the feeding network 30) to the top of the dielectric body 10 along the surface of the dielectric body 10.
In one embodiment, in order to improve the circular polarization radiation effect of the helical antenna, the dielectric body 10 is a hollow cylinder, which can effectively reduce the radiation loss of the electromagnetic signal. But not limited thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the dielectric member 10 may take any shape suitable for forming a helical antenna, such as a cylindrical shape, a tubular shape, etc.
Optionally, the helical antenna comprises four sets of helical radiating arms 20, i.e. a quadrifilar helical antenna. As shown in fig. 4, the feeding network 30 is a one-to-four feeding network having four feeding points 31. Each feeding point 31 is electrically connected to a respective set of helical radiating arms 20. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, each feeding point 31 is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiating branch 24 in the helical radiating arm 20. The feeding network 30 receives electromagnetic signals from the spiral radiating arm 20 through the four feeding points 31 to generate phase differences of 0 °, -90 °, -180 °, -270 °, so as to implement right-hand circular polarization of the quadrifilar spiral antenna.
In the case that the dielectric member 10 is a hollow cylinder, four sets of spiral radiating arms 20 are wound around the central axis O of the dielectric member 10 at intervals of 90 °. Wherein, each group of radiation branches in the spiral radiation arms 20 are arranged in parallel, and the four groups of spiral radiation arms 20 are also parallel to each other.
Alternatively, the hollow cylindrical dielectric body 10 may be formed in one step by injection molding, and the spiral radiation arm 20 is formed on the surface of the dielectric body 10 by an LDS (Laser Direct structuring) process. The spiral radiation arm 20 may be Printed on an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit), and the FPC may be rolled into a cylinder to form the hollow cylindrical dielectric body 10 around which the spiral radiation arm 20 is wound.
It should be noted that the length of the short-circuit branch 21 along the surface of the dielectric body 10 affects the radiation bandwidth of the whole helical antenna, and the length of the short-circuit branch 21 along the surface of the dielectric body 10 is related to at least one of the diameter of the dielectric body 10, the height of the dielectric body 10, and the included angle between the short-circuit branch 21 and the axis of the dielectric body 10.
In one embodiment, to meet the radiation bandwidth requirement of the helical antenna, the setting parameters of the helical antenna are as follows:
the dielectric body 10 has a diameter of 25mm and a height of 42 mm. The length of the high-frequency radiation branch 24 is 33mm, the length of the first low-frequency radiation branch 22 is 37mm, the length of the second low-frequency radiation branch 23 is 40mm, the length of the short-circuit branch 21 is 1.5mm, and the width of each radiation branch is larger than 1.5mm and smaller than 2 mm.
Wherein, the length of each radiation branch is the arm length of the radiation branch extending on the surface of the dielectric body 10.
Specifically, the spiral antenna works in the frequency band of 1561.098 MHZ-1602 MHZ under the action of the high-frequency radiation branch 24. Namely, the spiral antenna generates electromagnetic signals of 1561.098 MHZ-1602 MHZ frequency bands through the high-frequency radiation branch 24. The 1561.098 MHZ-1602 MHZ frequency bands comprise 1575.42MHZ of working frequency points L1 of a global positioning system GPS, 1602MHZ of working frequency points G1 of a global satellite navigation system GLONASS, 1561.098 MHZ of working frequency points B1I of a Beidou satellite navigation system BDS and 1575.42MHZ of B1C.
Specifically, the spiral antenna works in a frequency band of 1176.45 MHZ-1246 MHZ under the action of the first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 23. Namely, the spiral antenna generates an electromagnetic signal of 1176.45 MHZ-1246 MHZ frequency band through the first low-frequency radiation branch 22 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 23. The 1176.45 MHZ-1246 MHZ frequency bands comprise 1227.6 MHZ of a working frequency point L2 of a global positioning system GPS and 1176.45MHZ of L5, 1246MHZ of a working frequency point G2 of a global satellite navigation system GLONASS, 1176.45MHZ of a working frequency point B2a of a Beidou satellite navigation system BDS and 1207.14MHZ of B2B.
In the embodiment, the diameter of the spiral antenna in a dielectric body is 25mm, the height of the spiral antenna is 42mm, the length of the high-frequency radiation branch is 33mm, the length of the first low-frequency radiation branch is 37mm, the length of the second low-frequency radiation branch is 40mm, the length of the short-circuit branch is 1.5mm, and the width of each radiation branch is larger than a setting parameter of 1.5mm and smaller than 2mm, so that the high-frequency operation can be realized at 1561.098 MHZ-1602 MHZ frequency points, the working frequency points L1 of a global positioning system GPS, the working frequency points G1 of a global satellite navigation system GLONASS, the working frequency points B1I and B1C of a Beidou satellite navigation system BDS, the low-frequency operation is at 1176.45 MHZ-1246 MHZ frequency points, the working frequency points L2 and L5 of the global positioning system GPS, the working frequency points G2 of the Beidou satellite navigation system GLONASS, and the working frequency points B2a and B2B of the Beidou satellite navigation system BDS. The helical antenna has wider radiation bandwidth under the condition of not increasing the volume, and is suitable for the requirements of various positioning systems on the radiation bandwidth.
In one embodiment, to improve the positioning effect of the helical antenna, as shown in fig. 6, the helical antenna further includes a positioning module 50 and a wired transmission interface 60. The positioning module 50 is electrically connected to the feeding network 30, and is configured to determine positioning data according to a satellite positioning signal received by the helical antenna, where the positioning data is a digital signal. The positioning module 50 is further configured to send positioning data to the terminal device through the wired transmission interface 60.
As shown in fig. 7, the helical antenna is applied to a positioning scenario, the helical antenna 100 receives a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Satellite positioning signal sent by a Satellite 200, and sends the GNSS Satellite positioning signal (hereinafter referred to as "GNSS signal") to the positioning module 50 through the feeding network 30, and the positioning module 50 performs a series of signal processing on the GNSS signal to obtain positioning data in a digital signal mode, and further sends the positioning data to the terminal device 300 through the cable transmission interface 60.
Optionally, to facilitate carrying the dielectric body 10 and the positioning module 50, the helical antenna further includes a dielectric substrate 40. The dielectric member 10 is detachably fixed to the dielectric substrate 40. The feeding network 30 is disposed on a side of the dielectric substrate 40 facing the dielectric member 10. The positioning module 50 and the wired transmission interface 60 are correspondingly disposed on a side of the dielectric substrate 40 facing away from the dielectric body 10.
In this embodiment, the helical antenna further includes a dielectric substrate, a positioning module, and a wired transmission interface, the dielectric body is detachably fixed on the dielectric substrate, the feeding network is disposed on a side of the dielectric substrate facing the dielectric body, and the positioning module and the wired transmission interface are disposed on a side of the dielectric substrate facing away from the dielectric body. The positioning module is electrically connected with the feed network and used for determining positioning data of a digital signal mode according to satellite positioning signals received by the helical antenna and sending the positioning data to the terminal equipment through the wired transmission interface. The process that above-mentioned helical antenna sent the location data to terminal equipment through the wire transmission interface has effectively reduced electromagnetic signal's loss to and the electromagnetic interference between helical antenna and the terminal equipment, improved the stability and the accuracy of location data, and then improved the accuracy of adopting above-mentioned helical antenna location.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the positioning module 50 includes a radio frequency circuit 51 and a positioning processing unit 52.
Optionally, a shielding can is provided between the radio frequency circuit 51 and the positioning processing unit 52. To reduce signal interference between the radio frequency circuit 51 and the positioning processing unit 52.
The radio frequency circuit 51 is configured to perform signal amplification processing on a satellite positioning signal, divide the signal after the signal amplification processing into a high-frequency band signal and a low-frequency band signal, filter and amplify the high-frequency band signal and the low-frequency band signal, combine the obtained satellite positioning signals, and input each path of processed satellite positioning signal to the positioning processing unit 52. The positioning processing unit 52 is configured to determine positioning data according to the satellite positioning signals.
As shown in fig. 8, the process of obtaining the positioning data of the digital signal pattern by the positioning module 50 performing a series of signal processing on the satellite positioning signal is as follows:
the GNSS signals received by the radio frequency circuit 51 from the helical antenna are weak and are easily interfered by external interference signals and Noise, so that the radio frequency circuit 51 needs to amplify the GNSS signals through a LAN (Low Noise Amplifier), divide the GNSS signals into high-band signals and Low-band signals through a power divider, and perform pre-filtering, signal amplification and post-filtering, and then combine the high-band signals and the Low-band signals to form one-path GNSS signal. The radio frequency circuit 51 transmits the combined GNSS signal to the positioning processing unit 52. The positioning processing unit 52 performs digital modulation processing on the combined GNSS signal, and outputs positioning data in a digital signal mode through a serial port.
Fig. 9a to 9h show right-hand circularly polarized gain curves of the helical antenna under different frequency spectrums, and it can be seen from the graphs that the vertex gains of 1602MHz, 1575MHz, 1561MHz, 1246MHz, 1227MHz, 1207MHz and 1176MHz reach 2.2dbi, 3.2dbi, 2.9dbi, 2.2dbi, 3.5dbi, 1.8dbi and 4.1dbi, respectively. Therefore, the spiral antenna provided by the application has the advantages that the vertex gain of each frequency band is high, the beam width is wide, the overall performance is excellent, and the use requirements of customers on the spiral antenna suitable for a multi-positioning system are met.
In this embodiment, the positioning module of the helical antenna includes a radio frequency circuit and a positioning processing unit, the radio frequency circuit is configured to perform signal amplification processing on a satellite positioning signal, divide the signal power after the amplification processing into a high-frequency band signal and a low-frequency band signal, filter and amplify the high-frequency band signal and the low-frequency band signal respectively, combine the obtained satellite positioning signal, input the satellite positioning signal after the combination processing to the positioning processing unit, and determine positioning data according to the satellite positioning signal after the combination processing by the positioning processing unit. The function of the helical antenna is more integrated, and the isolation design of the shielding case is arranged between the radio frequency circuit and the positioning processing unit, so that the internal signal processing loss is further reduced, the anti-interference performance of signals is improved, and the positioning effect of the helical antenna is further improved.
In one embodiment, the present application provides a positioning system comprising any of the helical antennas described above.
The helical antenna is used for receiving satellite positioning signals, performing series processing on the received satellite positioning information to obtain positioning data in a digital signal mode, and sending the positioning data to the terminal equipment.
Alternatively, the terminal device may be any device that requires positioning. Such as cell phones, automobiles, drones, airplanes, and the like.
For the specific structure of the spiral antenna and the process of obtaining the positioning data, please refer to the description in the above related paragraphs, which is not repeated herein.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these substitutions and modifications should be considered to fall within the scope of the invention. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A helical antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric body, at least one group of spiral radiating arms and a feed network, wherein the at least one group of spiral radiating arms are wound on the surface of the dielectric body;
each group of spiral radiating arms comprises a short-circuit branch, a first low-frequency radiating branch, a second low-frequency radiating branch and a high-frequency radiating branch, wherein the first low-frequency radiating branch and the high-frequency radiating branch are connected to the feed network, the short-circuit branch is connected with the first low-frequency radiating branch, and the short-circuit branch and the second low-frequency radiating branch are grounded;
under the excitation of a feed source, the first low-frequency radiation branch and the second low-frequency radiation branch work at a first resonance point and a second resonance point after coaction, and the frequency of the first resonance point is smaller than that of the second resonance point;
the feed network is used for converting the received electromagnetic signals into electromagnetic signals meeting the circular polarization requirement of the spiral antenna.
2. The helical antenna of claim 1, wherein said first low frequency radiating branch is an L-shaped radiating branch, said first low frequency radiating branch is electrically connected to said high frequency radiating branch and connected to said feed network through said high frequency radiating branch.
3. The helical antenna of claim 2, wherein said shorting stub is disposed proximate said first low frequency radiating stub.
4. The helical antenna of claim 3, wherein said first low frequency radiating stub, said high frequency radiating stub and said short circuit stub are integrally formed.
5. The helical antenna of claim 4, wherein each radiating branch in each set of helical radiating arms is wound along the same direction on the surface of said dielectric body.
6. The helical antenna of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said helical antenna comprises four sets of helical radiating arms, said feed network is a one-to-four feed network, said one-to-four feed network has four feed points, each of which is electrically connected to a respective set of helical radiating arms.
7. The helical antenna of claim 6, wherein said dielectric body is a hollow cylinder;
the length of the short circuit branch along the surface of the dielectric body is related to at least one of the diameter of the dielectric body, the height of the dielectric body and an included angle between the short circuit branch and the axis of the dielectric body.
8. The helical antenna of claim 7, wherein the dielectric has a diameter of 25mm, the dielectric has a height of 42mm, the high-frequency radiating branches have a length of 33mm, the first low-frequency radiating branches have a length of 37mm, the second low-frequency radiating branches have a length of 40mm, the short-circuit branches have a length of 1.5mm, and each radiating branch has a width greater than 1.5mm and less than 2 mm.
9. The spiral antenna of claim 6, wherein the spiral antenna operates in the 1561.098 MHz-1602 MHz band under the action of the high-frequency radiating branches.
10. The spiral antenna of claim 6, wherein the spiral antenna operates in the 1176.45 MHZ-1246 MHZ band under the action of the first low frequency radiating branch and the second low frequency radiating branch.
11. The helical antenna of claim 1, further comprising a dielectric substrate, wherein said dielectric body is detachably fixed on said dielectric substrate, and said feeding network is disposed on a side of said dielectric substrate facing said dielectric body.
12. The helical antenna of claim 11, wherein a side of said dielectric substrate facing away from said dielectric body is provided with a positioning module and a wired transmission interface;
the positioning module is electrically connected with the feed network and used for determining positioning data according to the satellite positioning signals received by the helical antenna; the positioning data is a digital signal;
the positioning module is further configured to send the positioning data to a terminal device through the wired transmission interface.
13. A positioning system, characterized in that it comprises a helical antenna according to any of claims 1-12.
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| CN202210003507.7A CN114069217A (en) | 2022-01-05 | 2022-01-05 | Helical antenna and positioning system |
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| CN202210003507.7A CN114069217A (en) | 2022-01-05 | 2022-01-05 | Helical antenna and positioning system |
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