CN114256487A - Anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system, fuel cell system and ice melting method - Google Patents
Anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system, fuel cell system and ice melting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114256487A CN114256487A CN202111611614.XA CN202111611614A CN114256487A CN 114256487 A CN114256487 A CN 114256487A CN 202111611614 A CN202111611614 A CN 202111611614A CN 114256487 A CN114256487 A CN 114256487A
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04111—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants using a compressor turbine assembly
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system, a fuel cell system and an ice melting method, comprising the following steps: a controller; the air compressor comprises an air compressor pressure end and an air compressor vortex end, wherein fresh air is compressed and then sent to a galvanic pile, the air compressor vortex end enables the air compressor vortex end to operate by utilizing waste gas discharged by the galvanic pile, the air compressor vortex end comprises a volute and a turbine, and the turbine is rotatably arranged on the volute and is coaxially connected to the air compressor pressure end; the ice melting device comprises a heating end, the heating end is arranged on the volute and is controlled by the controller to melt ice crystals located at the gap between the volute and the turbine. The invention can melt the ice crystal at the gap between the volute and the turbine, and solves the problem of cold start failure of the air compressor caused by freezing of the turbine at the vortex end of the air compressor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold starting of fuel cells, in particular to an anti-freezing fuel cell cold starting system, a fuel cell system and an ice melting method.
Background
In order to improve the power density and efficiency of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system and reduce the size of the system, an air compressor is needed to compress cathode inlet air so as to improve the air inlet flow and pressure of the pile. The centrifugal air compressor (hereinafter referred to as air compressor) can support the requirements of a fuel cell system with large flow and high pressure ratio due to the characteristics of high efficiency, low noise and no oil, and is a mainstream air compressor product of the fuel cell system. However, the parasitic power of the air compressor is large, and generally accounts for about 70% of the auxiliary power consumption of the fuel cell system. The technical route of adding the vortex end to the air compressor can recover the stack exhaust energy and greatly reduce the power consumption of the air compressor, thereby improving the efficiency of a fuel cell system and gradually becoming an industry-recognized technical development direction.
For the air compressor with the vortex end, the vortex end intake air comes from the stack exhaust and contains a large amount of liquid water. To improve aerodynamic efficiency, the tip clearance between the turbine and the volute is typically designed to be small. After the air compressor is stopped in a low-temperature environment, residual liquid water at a vortex end of the air compressor is easy to freeze blade top gaps, so that faults such as impeller clamping stagnation, air compressor starting failure, turbine damage and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a system for preventing a cold start of a cold fuel cell, a fuel cell system and a method for melting ice, which can ablate ice crystals located in a gap between a scroll and a turbine and solve a problem of a failed cold start of an air compressor caused by freezing of the turbine at a scroll end of an air compressor.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a freeze-proof fuel cell cold start system, including:
a controller;
the air compressor comprises an air compressor pressure end and an air compressor vortex end, wherein fresh air is compressed and then sent to a galvanic pile, the air compressor vortex end enables the air compressor vortex end to operate by utilizing waste gas discharged by the galvanic pile, the air compressor vortex end comprises a volute and a turbine, and the turbine is rotatably arranged on the volute and is coaxially connected to the air compressor pressure end;
the ice melting device comprises a heating end, the heating end is arranged on the volute and is controlled by the controller to melt ice crystals located at the gap between the volute and the turbine.
Preferably, the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start-up system further comprises a cooling system in circulating communication with the electric pile; the heating end is an ice melting sleeve, the ice melting sleeve is covered on the periphery of the volute, and the ice melting sleeve is circularly communicated with the cooling system through an ice melting pipeline.
Preferably, the ice melting pipeline is provided with a switch valve and a cooling liquid electric heater, and the switch valve and the cooling liquid electric heater are both in communication connection with the controller.
Preferably, the ice melting sleeve is provided with a plurality of liquid inlets and a plurality of liquid outlets, the liquid inlets and the liquid outlets are arranged along the circumferential direction of the ice melting sleeve, and all the liquid inlets and all the liquid outlets are communicated with the ice melting pipeline.
Preferably, the heating end is a heating wire assembly, the heating wire assembly is attached to the volute casing, and the heating wire assembly is in communication connection with the controller.
The present invention also provides a fuel cell system comprising:
the anti-freeze fuel cell cold start system as described;
and the electric pile is respectively communicated with the pressure end of the air compressor and the vortex end of the air compressor.
The invention also provides an ice melting method adopting the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system, which comprises the following steps:
based on the starting torque or the rotating speed response of the air compressor, the controller judges whether the space between the scroll and the turbine is frozen or not, if so, the controller starts the ice melting device, and the heating end heats the scroll to melt ice crystals located in the gap between the scroll and the turbine until the starting torque and the rotating speed response of the air compressor are restored to preset standard values.
Preferably, the ice melting method further comprises the following steps: and based on the difference value between the starting torque or the rotating speed response and a preset standard value, the controller determines the starting time and the running time of the ice melting device.
Preferably, the step of determining the starting time and the running time of the ice melting device by the controller based on the difference value between the starting torque or the rotating speed response and the preset standard value comprises the following steps: and if the rotating speed of the air compressor is continuously zero and the torque of the air compressor is higher than the normal torque within the preset time, judging that the volute and the turbine are frozen.
Preferably, the ice melting method further comprises: and under different environmental temperatures, determining the preset operation time of the ice melting device for multiple times, recording the shortest heating time required for heating the volute at each environmental temperature, and finally taking the shortest heating time as the preset operation time under the corresponding environmental temperature condition.
As described above, the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system, the fuel cell system and the ice melting method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: in the invention, for the air compressor with the air compressor vortex end, the air flowing into the air compressor vortex end comes from the waste gas discharged by the electric pile. Since the exhaust gas contains a large amount of liquid water, and since the tip clearance between the turbine and the scroll is usually designed to be small in order to improve the aerodynamic efficiency, the residual liquid water at the vortex end of the air compressor is very easy to freeze at the tip clearance after the air compressor is stopped in a low-temperature environment, thereby causing the start failure of the air compressor when the fuel cell needs to be subjected to cold start. Based on the technical scheme, the ice melting device comprises a heating end, the heating end is arranged on the volute and is controlled by the controller, and the heating end is arranged to heat the volute under the control of the controller when the controller detects that the air compressor cannot be started due to the fact that the turbine is frozen, so that ice crystals located in the gap between the volute and the turbine are melted. After the ice crystals are melted, the controller stops the ice melting device, and the air compressor can be started in a cold mode. Therefore, the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system heats the volute of the vortex end of the air compressor through the heating end of the ice melting device, can melt ice crystals positioned at the gap between the volute and the turbine, and solves the problem of cold start failure of the air compressor caused by freezing of the turbine of the vortex end of the air compressor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of a fuel cell system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a side view of a volute and ice melting sheath;
FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a volute and ice melting sheath;
fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the fuel cell system of the present invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
1 controller
2 air compressor
21 air compressor pressure end
Vortex end of 22 air compressor
221 spiral casing
Ice melting device
31 ice melting sleeve
311 liquid inlet
312 liquid outlet
32 ice melting pipeline
33 switching valve
34 electric heater for cooling liquid
35 heating wire assembly
4 cooling system
5 electric pile
6 humidifier
7 intercooler
8 throttling valve
9 Water knockout drum
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the present disclosure, and are not used for limiting the conditions that the present disclosure can be implemented, so that the present disclosure is not limited to the technical essence, and any structural modifications, ratio changes, or size adjustments should still fall within the scope of the present disclosure without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a freeze-protected fuel cell cold start system, including:
a controller 1;
the air compressor 2, the air compressor 2 includes the air compressor pressure end 21 which sends to a galvanic pile 5 after compressing the fresh air and utilize the air compressor vortex end 22 that makes oneself run by the waste gas of the galvanic pile 5 (for example, the cathode gas outlet of the galvanic pile 5), the air compressor vortex end 22 includes the volute 221 and turbine, the turbine is set up in the volute 221 and connects to the air compressor pressure end 21 coaxially;
the ice melting device 3 comprises a heating end which is arranged on the scroll 221 and is controlled by the controller 1 to melt ice crystals located at the gap between the scroll 221 and the turbine.
In the invention, for the air compressor 2 with the air compressor vortex end 22, the gas flowing into the air compressor vortex end 22 comes from the waste gas discharged by the electric pile 5. Since the exhaust gas contains a large amount of liquid water, and since the tip clearance between the turbine and the scroll 221 is usually designed to be small in order to improve the aerodynamic efficiency, the liquid water remaining at the compressor scroll end 22 is very likely to freeze at the tip clearance after the air compressor 2 is stopped in a low-temperature environment, thereby causing a failed start-up of the air compressor 2 when the fuel cell needs to perform a cold start-up. Based on this, in the present invention, the ice melting device 3 includes a heating end, the heating end is disposed on the scroll 221 and controlled by the controller 1, and the arrangement is such that when the controller 1 detects that the air compressor 2 cannot be started due to the turbine freezing, the heating end heats the scroll 221 under the control of the controller 1, so as to melt the ice crystal located at the gap between the scroll 221 and the turbine. After the ice crystals are ablated, the controller 1 stops the ice melting device 3, and the air compressor 2 can be started in a cold mode. Therefore, the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system heats the volute 221 of the air compressor vortex end 22 through the heating end of the ice melting device 3, can melt ice crystals located in a gap between the volute 221 and the turbine, and solves the problem of cold start failure of the air compressor 2 caused by freezing of the turbine of the air compressor vortex end 22.
As a first embodiment of the above-described freeze-prevention fuel cell cold start system: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system further comprises a cooling system 4 in circulation communication with the stack 5; the heating end is a de-icing sleeve 31, the de-icing sleeve 31 is wrapped at the periphery of the volute 221, and the de-icing sleeve 31 is circularly communicated with the cooling system 4 through a de-icing pipeline 32. With this arrangement, the ice melting device 3 can utilize the cooling liquid (e.g., cooling water) in the cooling system 4 of the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system, and the ice melting jacket 31 covers the outer periphery of the scroll 221, so that the temperature rise speed of the scroll 221 can be increased.
In order to control the flow of the cooling liquid in the cooling system 4 to the ice melting sleeve 31 and control the temperature of the cooling liquid in the ice melting sleeve 31, a switch valve 33 and a cooling liquid electric heater 34 are arranged on the ice melting pipeline 32, and both the switch valve 33 and the cooling liquid electric heater 34 are in communication connection with the controller 1. In particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
when the fuel cell is started in the next cold state, if the controller 1 judges that the turbine is frozen in the blade tip clearance, the switch valve 33 and the coolant electric heater 34 are opened, the coolant heated by the coolant electric heater 34 passes through the switch valve 33, and then the scroll 221 is heated in the process of flowing through the ice melting sleeve 31, so that the ice crystals in the blade tip clearance are melted. After a certain heating time has elapsed and it is confirmed by the operating parameters of the air compressor 2 (e.g., starting torque and rotational speed response) that the air compressor 2 can be normally started, the on-off valve 33 and the coolant electric heater 34 are closed.
As shown in fig. 2, the ice melting sheath 31 has at least one liquid inlet 311 and at least one liquid outlet 312. In order to facilitate the arrangement of the water inlet and outlet pipelines and the circulation of the cooling liquid, the ice melting sleeve 31 has a plurality of liquid inlets 311 and a plurality of liquid outlets 312, the liquid inlets 311 and the liquid outlets 312 are arranged along the circumference of the ice melting sleeve 31, and all the liquid inlets 311 and all the liquid outlets 312 are communicated with the ice melting pipeline 32.
As a second embodiment of the above-described freeze-prevention fuel cell cold start system: as shown in fig. 4, the heating end is a heating wire assembly 35, the heating wire assembly 35 is attached to the volute casing 221, and the heating wire assembly 35 is in communication connection with the controller 1. So set up, need not above-mentioned ice-melt cover 31, can laminate at volute 221 and arrange, under the control of controller 1, heating wire assembly 35 heats volute 221, also can reach the ice-melt effect of air compressor machine vortex end 22.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the present invention also provides a fuel cell system including:
the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system is described above;
and the electric pile 5 is communicated with the air compressor pressure end 21 and the air compressor vortex end 22 respectively.
Specifically, the fuel cell system further comprises a humidifier 6, a dry side gas flow channel of the humidifier 6 is respectively communicated with the electric pile 5 and the air compressor pressure end 21, and a wet side gas flow channel of the humidifier 6 is respectively communicated with the electric pile 5 and the air compressor vortex end 22. Specifically, the air compressor pressure end 21 of the air compressor 2 compresses the outside air, increasing the pressure and temperature of the air. The high-temperature, high-pressure and dry air enters the stack 5 after being humidified by the dry-side gas flow channel of the humidifier 6, and then chemically reacts with hydrogen at the anode of the stack 5. The high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas discharged by the reactor 5 after reaction applies work to the vortex end 22 of the air compressor through the wet side gas flow passage of the humidifier 2. Since the air compressor vortex end 22 can recover the energy of the exhaust gas discharged from the electric pile 5, the effect of reducing the power consumption of the air compressor 2 can be achieved.
An intercooler 7 is arranged on a pipeline between the dry side gas flow passage of the humidifier 6 and the pressure end 21 of the air compressor, and the intercooler 7 can reduce the temperature of air.
The throttle valve 8 and the water separator 9 are arranged on a pipeline between the wet side gas flow channel of the humidifier 6 and the vortex end 22 of the air compressor, the throttle valve 8 can control the flow rate flowing to the vortex end 22 of the air compressor, and the water separator 9 has a flow dividing effect on liquid in the pipeline.
The invention also provides an ice melting method adopting the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system, which comprises the following steps:
based on the starting torque or the rotating speed response of the air compressor 2, the controller 1 judges whether the space between the scroll 221 and the turbine is frozen, if so, the controller 1 starts the ice melting device 3, and the heating end heats the scroll 221 to melt ice crystals located in the gap between the scroll 221 and the turbine until the starting torque and the rotating speed response of the air compressor 2 are restored to preset standard values.
The ice melting method is based on the starting torque or rotating speed response of the air compressor 2, the heating end of the ice melting device 3 heats the volute 221 of the air compressor vortex end 22, ice crystals located in the gap between the volute 221 and the turbine can be ablated, and the problem of cold starting failure of the air compressor 2 caused by freezing of the turbine of the air compressor vortex end 22 is solved.
Further, the ice melting method further comprises the following steps: based on the difference between the starting torque or the rotating speed response and the preset standard value, the controller 1 determines the starting time and the running time of the ice melting device 3, so that the energy consumption in the heating process can be reduced.
The step of determining the starting time and the running time of the ice melting device 3 by the controller 1 based on the difference value between the starting torque or the rotating speed response and the preset standard value comprises the following steps: if the rotation speed of the air compressor 2 continues to be zero and the torque of the air compressor 2 is higher than the normal torque (typically 5 times or more) for a preset time period (e.g., 3 seconds), it is judged that the scroll 221 and the turbine are frozen.
The ice melting method further comprises the following steps: under different environmental temperatures, the preset operation time of the ice melting device 3 is determined for multiple times, the shortest heating time required for heating the volute 221 at each environmental temperature is recorded, and finally the shortest heating time is taken as the preset operation time under the corresponding environmental temperature condition. The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned ice-melting method.
In conclusion, the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system, the fuel cell system and the ice melting method can melt ice crystals at the gap between the volute and the turbine, and solve the problem of cold start failure of the air compressor caused by freezing of the turbine at the vortex end of the air compressor. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An anti-freeze fuel cell cold start system, comprising:
a controller (1);
the air compressor (2), the air compressor (2) includes sending to the air compressor pressure end (21) of a galvanic pile (5) after compressing the fresh air and utilize the waste gas discharged by the galvanic pile (5) to make the air compressor eddy terminal (22) of its operation, the air compressor eddy terminal (22) includes the volute (221) and turbine, the turbine rotates and sets up in the volute (221) and connects to the air compressor pressure end (21) coaxially;
the ice melting device (3) comprises a heating end, the heating end is arranged on the volute (221) and is controlled by the controller (1) to melt ice crystals located at the gap between the volute (221) and the turbine.
2. The anti-freeze fuel cell cold start-up system of claim 1, wherein: the anti-freezing fuel cell cold start system also comprises a cooling system (4) which is in circulating communication with the electric pile (5); the heating end is an ice melting sleeve (31), the ice melting sleeve (31) is wrapped at the periphery of the volute (221), and the ice melting sleeve (31) is circularly communicated with the cooling system (4) through an ice melting pipeline (32).
3. The anti-freeze fuel cell cold start-up system of claim 2, wherein: and the ice melting pipeline (32) is provided with a switch valve (33) and a cooling liquid electric heater (34), and the switch valve (33) and the cooling liquid electric heater (34) are in communication connection with the controller (1).
4. The anti-freeze fuel cell cold start-up system of claim 2, wherein: the ice melting sleeve (31) is provided with a plurality of liquid inlets (311) and a plurality of liquid outlets (312), the liquid inlets (311) and the liquid outlets (312) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the ice melting sleeve (31), and all the liquid inlets (311) and all the liquid outlets (312) are communicated with the ice melting pipeline (32).
5. The anti-freeze fuel cell cold start-up system of claim 1, wherein: the heating end is an electric heating wire assembly (35), the electric heating wire assembly (35) is attached to the volute (221), and the electric heating wire assembly (35) is in communication connection with the controller (1).
6. A fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:
the anti-freeze fuel cell cold start-up system of any one of claim 1 to claim 5;
the electric pile (5), the electric pile (5) communicates with air compressor pressure end (21) and air compressor vortex end (22) respectively.
7. A method of deicing using the anti-freeze fuel cell cold start system of any one of claims 1 through 5, comprising the steps of:
based on the starting torque or the rotating speed response of the air compressor (2), the controller (1) judges whether the space between the volute (221) and the turbine is frozen or not, if so, the controller (1) starts the ice melting device (3), and the heating end heats the volute (221) to melt ice crystals located in the gap between the volute (221) and the turbine until the starting torque and the rotating speed response of the air compressor (2) are restored to preset standard values.
8. A method of ice melting as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the ice melting method further comprises the following steps: and based on the difference value between the starting torque or the rotating speed response and a preset standard value, the controller (1) determines the starting time and the running time of the ice melting device (3).
9. A method of ice melting as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the step that the controller (1) determines the starting time and the running time of the ice melting device (3) based on the difference value between the starting torque or the rotating speed response and a preset standard value comprises the following steps:
and if the rotating speed of the air compressor (2) is continuously zero and the torque of the air compressor (2) is higher than the normal torque in the preset time period, judging that the volute (221) and the turbine are frozen.
10. A method of ice melting as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the ice melting method further comprises the following steps:
under different environmental temperatures, the preset operation time of the ice melting device (3) is determined for multiple times, the shortest heating time required for heating the volute (221) at each environmental temperature is recorded, and finally the shortest heating time is taken as the preset operation time under the corresponding environmental temperature condition.
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| CN202111611614.XA CN114256487B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Cold start system of anti-freezing fuel cell, fuel cell system and ice melting method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116575988A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-08-11 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Expander for fuel cell system and fuel cell system |
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