CN114251889B - Double-path temperature control circulating liquid supply system and control method of laboratory equipment - Google Patents
Double-path temperature control circulating liquid supply system and control method of laboratory equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114251889B CN114251889B CN202110327850.2A CN202110327850A CN114251889B CN 114251889 B CN114251889 B CN 114251889B CN 202110327850 A CN202110327850 A CN 202110327850A CN 114251889 B CN114251889 B CN 114251889B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D1/00—Devices using naturally cold air or cold water
- F25D1/02—Devices using naturally cold air or cold water using naturally cold water, e.g. household tap water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/005—Mounting of control devices
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Abstract
The invention provides a two-way temperature control circulating liquid supply system of laboratory equipment and a control method thereof; the two-way temperature control circulating liquid supply system comprises a first loop for providing low-temperature circulating liquid for a low-temperature medium cooling equipment set in a laboratory, a second loop for providing normal-temperature circulating liquid for a normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set in the laboratory, and a double-temperature circulating water unit connected between the first loop and the second loop; the double-temperature circulating water unit comprises a normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank, a low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe and a low-temperature medium heat exchange tank, wherein the middle part of the low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe is positioned in the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank, two ports are communicated with the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank, and the end parts of the low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe are provided with valves; the double-temperature circulating water unit also comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve and an evaporator which are mutually communicated, wherein the evaporator is positioned in the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank, and the condenser is positioned in the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank; the cooling efficiency is high, the integration level is high, the control precision is high, and the application effect is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cooling system of laboratory equipment, in particular to a two-way temperature control circulating water supply system of the laboratory equipment and a control method.
Technical Field
In the running process of an engine test room, different heat is generated when equipment such as an air conditioner, a fuel consumption instrument temperature controller, an intercooler, an exhaust heat exchanger and the like work, and the equipment must be cooled in order to ensure that the equipment can normally run at a desired temperature. The most commonly used cooling scheme in the laboratory is a scheme formed by liquid cooling (water, antifreeze, refrigerant) and air cooling, wherein the most commonly used liquid cooling scheme is a chilled water (hereinafter described as low temperature water) system and a cooling water (hereinafter described as normal temperature water) system, and the air cooling scheme generally uses a variable frequency fan control system. The laboratory can integrate various considerations such as specific temperature requirements, space arrangement, cost factors and the like, and a proper scheme is selected to cool the equipment: such as fuel consumption meter thermostats, exhaust heat exchangers typically use a liquid cooled version; the intercooler is cooled by adopting a liquid cooling or air cooling scheme; the air conditioning system is cooled by the refrigerant.
Among the existing solutions, the cooling solution formed by liquid cooling is most widely used, wherein:
the low temperature water system belongs to a single-way circulating water system (note: the system can only provide one-way circulating water for equipment cooling), and is controlled in a closed mode. In this system, the cooling medium (typically water, which is required if the medium supplied is below 0 ℃ C.) is recycled in a closed system, the water absorbs the heat released by the laboratory equipment, which is absorbed by the refrigerant in the system and then released to the atmosphere by the fan.
The control mode of the system can adopt a closed system or an open system, and the largest difference between the two control modes is that the return water pressure of the open system is usually 0kPa, and the return water pressure of the closed system is more than 0kPa. The cooling medium is usually water, and the water absorbs heat released by laboratory equipment and then is directly released to the atmosphere through a fan.
Disadvantages of the prior art:
1. the excess capacity design causes waste. From a design perspective, the cooling capacity of a circulating water system design is generally greater than the capacity of the actual equipment requirements because of various losses and calculation errors, which the industry refers to as an excess capacity design. The existing liquid cooling scheme belongs to a single-way circulating water system, a laboratory needs to meet the cooling requirements of various devices, and a low-temperature water system and a normal-temperature water system are required to be configured simultaneously (the construction cost of the low-temperature water system is far higher than that of the normal-temperature water system, if only the low-temperature water system is used, the construction cost is required to be increased, but only the normal-temperature water system is used, and the requirements of the existing devices cannot be met). The two circulating water systems (low temperature and normal temperature) independently operate, heat exchange does not exist between the two circulating water systems, and the respective cooling devices are not associated; therefore, in the actual working of a laboratory, once the working load or the number of the low-temperature water cooling equipment is reduced, the cooling capacity of the low-temperature water system is greatly wasted;
2. the integration level is low, the occupied space is large, and the construction cost is easy to improve. The two cooling systems exist independently, and the pipelines and the supporting facilities are more, so that enough space is required for arrangement structurally, and the infrastructure cost of a laboratory is increased intangibly.
3. The air cooling efficiency in the one-way circulating water system is relatively low, the influence of external environment is large, the temperature of the normal-temperature circulating water outlet provided by the summer system is about 10 ℃ higher than that of the normal-temperature circulating water outlet provided by the summer system, the temperature of the low-temperature circulating water outlet is about 3 ℃ higher than that of the low-temperature circulating water outlet in winter, the heat dissipation effect of the cooled equipment is easily inconsistent in different seasons, and further in practical application (such as the requirement of circulating water for cooling an intercooler in WHTC emission test of an engine), the consistency of test results is influenced due to the deviation of the circulating water temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, thereby providing a double-way temperature control circulating liquid supply system of laboratory equipment, which has high cooling efficiency, high integration level, high control precision and obvious application effect.
The invention also aims to provide a control method of the two-way temperature control circulating liquid supply system,
a double-way temperature control circulating liquid supply system of laboratory equipment comprises a first loop for providing low-temperature circulating liquid for a low-temperature medium cooling equipment set in a laboratory, a second loop for providing normal-temperature circulating liquid for a normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set in the laboratory, and a double-temperature circulating water unit connected between the first loop and the second loop; the double-temperature circulating water unit comprises a normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank, a low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe and a low-temperature medium heat exchange tank, wherein the middle part of the low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe is positioned in the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank, two ports are communicated with the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank, and the end parts of the low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe are provided with valves; the double-temperature circulating water unit also comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve and an evaporator which are mutually communicated, wherein the evaporator is positioned in the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank, and the condenser is positioned in the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank;
the first loop comprises a low-temperature medium storage tank, the outlet end of the low-temperature medium storage tank is communicated with the inlet end of a cooling circulation system of the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set through a pipeline and a water supply pump, and the outlet end of the cooling circulation system of the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set is communicated with the inlet end of the low-temperature medium storage tank through a pipeline and a low-temperature medium heat exchange tank;
the second loop comprises a normal-temperature medium storage tank, the outlet end of the normal-temperature medium storage tank is divided into two paths through a second water supply pump, one path of the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank is communicated with the inlet end of the cooling tower, the other path of the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank is communicated with the inlet end of a cooling circulation system of the normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set, the outlet end of the cooling circulation system of the normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set is communicated with the inlet end of the cooling tower, and the outlet end of the cooling tower is communicated with the inlet end of the normal-temperature medium storage tank.
The device also comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure controller which are arranged on the pipeline at the outlet of the low-temperature medium storage tank, and a controller which is used for opening and closing the valve, the compressor, the first water pump and the second water pump according to signals of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.
The method for setting the cooling tower, the compressor and the pipeline comprises the following steps:
step 1: dividing cooling equipment of a laboratory into a low-temperature medium cooling equipment set and a normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set, and calculating heat dissipation Qi of each cooling equipment in the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set and the normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set;
step 2: setting a water flow Qi required by each cooling device according to the heat dissipation capacity Qi of each cooling device in the step 1;
step 3: setting the pipe diameter Di of a cooling water pipe used by each cooling device according to the water flow qi required by each cooling device obtained in the step 2;
step 4: setting the water flow qi required by each cooling device of each low-temperature medium cooling device group calculated in the step 2 to be the total water flow q of the loop I Low and low Total electric power P Low and low Setting the total water flow q of a loop II according to the water flow qi required by each cooling device of the normal-temperature medium cooling device group Often times Total electric power P Often times ；
Step 5: setting a compressor, a water pump and a water storage tank, wherein the electric power of the compressor is not lower than the total electric power of the first loop obtained in the step 4Power P Low and low A value; the electric power of the cooling tower is not lower than the total electric power P of the loop II obtained in the step 4 Often times The water flow is not lower than the total water flow q of the loop II obtained in the step 4 Often times A value; the flow rate of the low-temperature water pump is not lower than the total water flow rate q obtained in the step 4 Low and low The flow rate of the low-temperature water pump is not lower than the total water flow rate q in the step 4 Often times The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The volume of the water tank is not lower than the sum of the volumes of the main water pipes;
the heat dissipation Qi of each cooling device in step 1 is:
when the cooling equipment is air conditioning equipment, inquiring corresponding h1 through the target temperature T1, inquiring corresponding h2 through the current atmospheric environment temperature T2,
Qi＝Q air-conditioner *(h1-h2)*ρ Air-conditioner ；
Wherein Q is Air-conditioner Is the air flow rate required to be cooled in the air conditioner; h1 and h2 are enthalpy values corresponding to the temperature;
when the cooling device is a non-air conditioning device,
Qi＝Q air/water *(Ti Out of -Ti Feeding in )*C Air/water ；
Wherein Ti is Out of 、Ti Feeding in To correspond to the medium temperature at the outlet and inlet of the cooling device, Q Air/water The flow of air or water to be cooled in each cooling device; ρ Air-conditioner Is air density; c (C) Air/water Is the specific heat capacity of air or water.
The water flow qi in step 2 is:
qi＝Qi/(C*ε*△t1*ρ)；
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the cooling medium; epsilon is the heat exchange coefficient; ρ is the cooling medium density; Δt1 is the inlet/outlet water temperature difference of the single cooling device.
The pipe diameter Di of the pipeline in the step 3 is as follows:
wherein: v is the water flow speed in the pipeline, and a recommended value in engineering thermodynamics is adopted according to industry standards.
Total water flow q in step 4 Low and low Total electric power P Low and low Total water flow q Often times Total electric power P Often times The method comprises the following steps of:
q often times ＝∑q1+q2+q3+…；
P Often times ＝(5*q Often times *γ*C*ρ)/3600；
q Low and low ＝∑q1+q2+q3+…；
P Low and low ＝(5*q Low and low *γ*C*ρ)/3600；
Wherein: gamma is the operating rate; c is the specific heat capacity of the cooling medium; ρ is the cooling medium density.
A control method of a double-path temperature control circulating liquid supply system of laboratory equipment comprises a water pump control a and a double-temperature circulating water unit control b;
wherein the water pump control a comprises the following steps:
a1. the controller controls the water pump to start, and monitors the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor in real time until the pressure value is consistent with a set value SP2, and the water pump continues to run at a stable frequency;
a2. continuously monitoring the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor, when the pressure is larger than a value SP1, controlling the water pump to start to reduce the frequency by the controller until the pressure is reduced to a set value SP2, and then continuously operating under the stable frequency; when the pressure is smaller than a set value SP3, the controller controls the water pump to lift the working frequency until the pressure is raised to the set value SP2, and then the operation is continued under the stable frequency; realizing the function of automatically adjusting the water pressure;
a3. repeating the step a2 until the controller sends out a stop instruction, and controlling the water pump to stop running after the controller delays time;
the control b of the double-temperature circulating water unit comprises the following steps:
b1. the controller measures the real-time water supply temperature in the pipeline through a temperature sensor arranged at the outlet of the low-temperature water storage tank (1), compares the measured water supply temperature with a set value ST1/ST2 (ST 1 > ST 2), and logically controls the compressor;
b2. when the water supply temperature measured in the step b1 is greater than the set value ST1, the controller controls the compressor to start, the refrigerant in the compressor cools the water in the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank, and at the moment, the valve at the inlet/outlet of the low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe is closed immediately;
when the measured water supply temperature in the step b1 is smaller than the set value ST2, the controller controls the compressor to stop working;
b3. when the compressor stops working, the controller collects the water supply temperature t1 measured by the temperature sensor at the moment, and collects the water supply temperature t2 measured by the temperature sensor again after time delay, the controller compares the value of the temperature rise (t 2-t 1) with a set value ST3, and when the temperature rise (t 2-t 1) is smaller than the set value ST3, the controller controls the valve at the inlet/outlet of the low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe to be opened;
b4. and b1, b2 and b3 are repeated until the controller sends out a stop instruction, and the controller delays and then controls the double-temperature circulating water unit to stop running.
The set value SP1 is 0.2-0.5bar greater than the set value SP2, and the set value SP3 is 0.2-0.5bar less than the set value SP 2.
The time interval between the collection of the water supply temperature t2 and the water supply temperature t1 in the step b3 is at least 1 minute.
The method for setting the value ST3 in step b3 is:
and (3) closing the control logic of the valve, and stopping one-fourth of the equipment in the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set in the operation of a double-path temperature control circulating liquid supply system of the laboratory equipment, wherein the temperature value of the temperature sensor rising in 5 minutes is observed through the controller, and the value is the set value ST3.
The invention changes the design thought of the traditional single-way circulating water system, one system simultaneously supplies two ways of circulating water with different temperatures, and the temperature and pressure of each loop can be controlled independently; the normal-temperature water provided by the system is used for cooling equipment of a laboratory and absorbing heat generated by refrigeration of a low-temperature water system; the low-temperature water provided by the system can be used for cooling equipment, and can also absorb part of heat of the low-temperature water, so that the system can consider all equipment needing cooling in a laboratory as a whole. The fewer the normal load (note: means the equipment needing cooling), the higher the probability of working under the maximum load at the same time, the more the circulating water system is designed, the condition that the load works under the maximum load at the same time should be considered, and the cooling capacity load coefficient of the circulating water system is improved; the heat in the two loops can be mutually transferred, so that all loads can be uniformly considered, the condition that all loads work under the maximum load simultaneously is not required to be considered when the system is designed, the cooling capacity load coefficient can be reduced, and the over-capacity design is avoided; and secondly, cooling of the refrigerant in the original low-temperature water system is changed into water cooling by a fan, so that the cooling efficiency (the water cooling efficiency is higher than that of air cooling generally) can be improved, the difference of the environmental temperature on the temperature control of circulating water can be reduced, a group of cooling fans can be reduced, the installation space of the whole system is optimized, and the high integration can be realized from the structure to the control. Thirdly, the system adopts PLC intelligent control, and gives specific logic judgment to the operation of the water pump and the double-path circulating water system, thereby improving the control precision of the water supply pressure and the water supply temperature.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a normal temperature water circulation path diagram;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a low-temperature water circulation path;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dual temperature circulating water unit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of heat transfer of a dual temperature circulating water unit;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic diagram of heat transfer of the dual temperature circulating water unit;
FIG. 8 is water pump control logic;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of the dual temperature cycle water unit control logic;
in the figure: 1. a low-temperature medium storage tank 2, a pipeline 3, a first water supply pump, a low-temperature medium cooling equipment set 4, and a double-temperature circulating water set 5; 6. a normal temperature medium storage tank; 7. a second water supply pump, 8, a cooling tower, 9, a normal temperature medium cooling equipment set, 5-double temperature circulating water units, 5-1, a normal temperature medium heat exchange tank, 5-2, a low temperature medium heat exchange pipe, 5-3, a condenser, 5-4, a compressor, 5-5, a throttle valve, 5-6, an evaporator, 5-7, a low temperature medium heat exchange tank, 5-8 and a valve.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention comprises a first loop for providing low-temperature circulating liquid for a low-temperature medium cooling equipment set 4 in a laboratory, a second loop for providing normal-temperature circulating liquid for a normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set 9 in the laboratory, and a double-temperature circulating water unit 5 connected between the first loop and the second loop; the first loop provides low-temperature circulating water for laboratory equipment, the second loop provides normal-temperature circulating water for the laboratory equipment, and the two paths of circulating water can be used for cooling corresponding equipment of the laboratory respectively through centralized control according to actual requirements. The first loop comprises a low-temperature medium storage tank 1, the outlet end of the low-temperature medium storage tank 1 is communicated with the inlet end of a cooling circulation system of a low-temperature medium cooling equipment set 4 through a pipeline 2 and a first water supply pump 3, and the outlet end of the cooling circulation system of the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set 4 is communicated with the inlet end of the low-temperature medium storage tank 1 through the pipeline 2 and a low-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-7; the second loop comprises a normal temperature medium storage tank 6, the outlet end of the normal temperature medium storage tank 6 is divided into two paths through a second water supply pump 7, one path of the normal temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-1 is communicated with the inlet end of a cooling tower 8, the other path of the normal temperature medium heat exchange tank is communicated with the inlet end of a cooling circulation system of a normal temperature medium cooling equipment set 9, the outlet end of the cooling circulation system of the normal temperature medium cooling equipment set 9 is communicated with the inlet end of the cooling tower 8, and the outlet end of the cooling tower 8 is communicated with the inlet end of the normal temperature medium storage tank 6. The low-temperature water in the system is cooled by the refrigerant in the double-temperature circulating water unit 5 and then is provided for equipment, and the low-temperature water is mainly cooled 8 by a cooling tower and then is provided for the equipment, wherein the refrigerant of the low-temperature water can exchange heat with the low-temperature water at the double-temperature circulating water unit 5; the low-temperature medium storage tank 1 and the normal-temperature medium storage tank 6 in the system are mainly used for storing and buffering circulating water; the first water supply pump 3 and the second water supply pump 7 mainly provide and control the water supply pressure of the system.
As shown in fig. 3, the normal temperature circulating water is pressurized and controlled by a second water supply pump 7 from a normal temperature medium storage tank 6, and is output in two paths, wherein one path is used for cooling a normal temperature medium cooling equipment set 9, the other path is used for cooling a refrigerant by entering a double temperature circulating water unit 5, then enters a cooling tower 8 for cooling, and finally returns to the normal temperature medium storage tank 6 to complete circulation;
as shown in fig. 4, the low-temperature circulating water is pressurized and controlled by the first water supply pump 3 from the low-temperature medium storage tank 1 to cool the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set 4, then enters the dual-temperature circulating water set 5 to cool, and finally returns to the low-temperature medium storage tank 1 to complete the circulation.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dual-temperature circulating water unit, in this solution, the core-most component is the dual-temperature circulating water unit 5, and the design of the component changes the heat dissipation mode of the traditional single-path circulating water system, so that heat transfer between two paths of circulating water with different temperatures is realized. The double-temperature circulating water unit 5 comprises a normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-1, a low-temperature medium heat exchange tube 5-2 and a low-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-7, wherein the middle part of the low-temperature medium heat exchange tube 5-2 is positioned in the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-1, two ports are communicated with the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-7, and the end parts are provided with valves 5-8; the double-temperature circulating water unit 5 further comprises a compressor 5-4, a condenser 5-3, a throttle valve 5-5 and an evaporator 5-6 which are mutually communicated, wherein the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 5-4 to form high-temperature and high-pressure liquid which enters the condenser 5-3, and then the liquid is depressurized and gasified by the throttle valve 5-5 and enters the evaporator 5-6, so that heat in a low-temperature medium heat exchange tank is absorbed, and the effect of reducing the temperature of the medium is achieved. Wherein the evaporator 5-6 is positioned in the low temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-7, and the condenser 5-3 is positioned in the normal temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-1.
As shown in fig. 6, when the water temperature measured by the temperature sensor at the outlet of the low-temperature medium storage tank 1 reaches the upper limit set value of the system, the compressor 5-4 starts to work, the valve 5-8 is closed, at this time, the refrigerant in the compressor enters the condenser 5-3 after undergoing the compression-condensation-throttling process, the warm water enters the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-1 after being pressurized by the water supply pump two 7, the heat of the refrigerant in the condenser 5-3 is taken away, and then enters the cooling tower 8; in this process, the system heat flow path is: the heat of the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set 4 is partially absorbed by the evaporator 5-6, and the absorbed heat is absorbed by the normal-temperature water in the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-1 in the condenser 5-3, so that heat exchange with the low-temperature water is completed.
As shown in fig. 7, when the water temperature measured by the temperature sensor at the outlet of the low-temperature medium storage tank 1 reaches the lower limit set value, the compressor 5-4 stops working, the valve 5-8 is opened, at this time, one path of backwater from the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set 4 enters the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-7, and the other path enters the low-temperature water heat exchange pipe 5-2 to take away part of heat in the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-1, and the auxiliary cooling tower 8 cools the normal-temperature water. In this process, the system heat flow path is: after entering the heat exchange tube 5-2, the low-temperature water absorbs part of heat in the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-1, and then enters the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-7 to exchange heat with the low-temperature water.
Through the double-temperature circulating water unit, the whole system exchanges heat with two paths of circulating water with different water temperatures, and the redundancy design of each system can be fully utilized while the two paths of circulating water are provided, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the system is improved.
The areas where heat exchange occurs in the invention are mainly a cooling equipment set, a cooling tower and a double-temperature circulating water unit; when the system heat exchange capacity is calculated, firstly classifying cooling equipment groups, determining the heat dissipation capacity of each cooled equipment in the low-temperature water cooling equipment groups and the normal-temperature water cooling equipment groups, and then calculating the cooling water flow requirement of the single cooling equipment and the pipe diameter requirement of each connecting pipeline (the system water supply pressure is set according to 4 bar) according to the energy conservation principle;
finally, for the core component double-temperature circulating water unit 5, the electric power of the unit is calculated according to the total flow and the temperature difference of cooling water, and then a proper compressor (note: according to the mature product of the market) and a water supply pump I3 (low-temperature water pump) are selected and matched; similarly, the size and the capacity of the low-temperature water heat exchange tube 5-2 are calculated according to the water flow and the temperature difference, and a proper cooling tower 8 is selected, and the heat exchange capacity of the low-temperature water heat exchange tube 5-2 is utilized as much as possible in the process of setting the cooling tower 8, the compressor 5-4, the first water supply pump 3 and the pipeline.
The method for arranging the cooling tower 8, the compressors 5-4, the water supply pump I3 and the pipeline comprises the following steps:
when the cooling device is an air conditioning device, inquiring the corresponding h1 through the target temperature T1 (provided by a user), inquiring the corresponding h2 through the current atmospheric environment temperature T2, and then calculating a difference value and a heat dissipation capacity:
△h＝h1-h2，
Qi＝Q air-conditioner *△h*ρ Air-conditioner ；
When the cooling device is a non-air conditioning device,
△Ti＝Ti out of -Ti Feeding in ，
Qi＝Q Air/water *△Ti*C Air/water ；
Wherein: h is an enthalpy value; ρ Air-conditioner Is air density; c (C) Air/water Specific heat capacity of air or water; are engineering thermodynamic coefficients and can be quoted through standard inquiry;
Ti out of 、Ti Feeding in Demands are made by system users for the calculated medium (water or air) temperatures at the outlet and inlet of the cooling device;
Q air-conditioner Is the air flow rate required to be cooled in the air conditioner; q (Q) Air/water A flow of air or water to be cooled in the apparatus; q (Q) Air-conditioner And Q Air/water Are all required values, which are proposed by a system user;
qi＝Qi/(C*ε*△t1*ρ)；
wherein: c is the specific heat capacity of water; epsilon is a heat exchange coefficient, an engineering thermodynamic medium coefficient and can be obtained by inquiry; ρ is the cooling medium density; deltat 1 is the inlet/outlet water temperature difference of a single cooling device, which can be obtained by actual measurement of similar devices, or by using design values provided by the device manufacturer;
wherein: v is the water flow speed in the pipeline, and a recommended value in engineering thermodynamics is adopted according to industry standards;
q Often times ＝∑q1+q2+q3+…；
P Often times ＝(5*q Often times *γ*C*ρ)/3600；
q Low and low ＝∑q1+q2+q3+…；
P Low and low ＝(5*q Low and low *γ*C*ρ)/3600；
Wherein: gamma is the operating rate, engineering experience constant, for example, when the cooling equipment is used all at the same time, the value can be 1, and other values can be 0.7-1; c is the specific heat capacity of the cooling medium; ρ is the cooling medium density;
The invention is used for each cooling equipment group in a laboratory, and because the using load of the cooling equipment changes every day in actual work, the system needs to automatically adjust the water supply pressure and the heat exchange capacity of the system according to different loads of the cooling equipment in normal application, so that the most economical use cost can be obtained. The invention shows that the automatic pressure regulation design is a water pump self-control logic, and the design showing the automatic heat exchange regulation capability is a double-temperature circulating water unit. The working logic of the water pump, the compressor and the valve is set by collecting and analyzing the water temperature and the pressure in the pipeline, so that the optimal control is realized.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a control method of a two-way temperature control circulating liquid supply system of laboratory equipment comprises a water pump control a and a two-temperature circulating water unit control b;
wherein the first water supply pump 3 (low temperature water pump) control a comprises the following steps:
a1, after the water pump is started, the frequency of the water pump starts to rise, the system automatically compares the measured pressure (the pressure is measured by a pressure sensor arranged at the outlet of the low-temperature water storage tank) with a set value SP1/SP2/SP3 (SP 1 > SP2 > SP 3), and the work of the water pump is controlled by logic judgment; when the measured pressure reaches a set value SP2, the water pump starts to stabilize the working frequency, and the water pump enters a normal working stage; if the measured pressure does not reach SP2, the water pump always needs to raise the frequency;
a2, continuously monitoring the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor, and when the measured pressure set values SP1 and SP3 are between, enabling the water pump to be in a stable working state; if not in this range, two situations will occur: firstly, if the measured pressure is greater than SP1, the water pump starts to reduce the frequency until the measured pressure is equal to SP2, and then enters a stable frequency state; secondly, when the measured pressure is smaller than a set value SP3, the water pump automatically increases the working frequency until the measured pressure is equal to SP2, and then enters a stable frequency state; according to the control logic, the automatic water pressure adjusting function is realized;
a3, repeating the step a2 until the controller sends out a stop instruction, and controlling the water pump to stop running after the controller delays; when the water pump needs to stop working, the temperature of the motor is higher because the water pump is in a high-frequency working state, so that the water pump needs to be turned off in a delayed mode, the frequency is gradually reduced, and the heat dissipation of the water pump motor is facilitated. The delay time of the system for closing the water pump is determined according to the time required by the temperature of the shell of the water pump motor to drop to the target temperature (usually about 30 ℃), and in actual work, the delay time does not need to be strictly controlled and can be set to be 1 minute as an engineering recommended value;
the set value SP2 should be set according to the water supply pressure requirement value proposed by the cooling equipment manufacturer (the set value of the system is 4bar; various cooling equipment exists in the system, and the set value should be the largest requirement value); the setting principle of SP1 is: firstly, is larger than a set value SP 2; secondly, the real-time pressure in the pipeline is prevented from exceeding the holding pressure in the pressure test before the system is used; thirdly, frequent frequency modulation work of the water pump is avoided, and the real-time pressure in the pipeline is ensured to be as stable as possible (SP 1 is usually 0.2-0.5bar larger than SP 2); the SP3 setting principle is: firstly, is smaller than a set value SP 2; secondly, frequent frequency modulation work of the water pump is avoided, and the real-time pressure in the pipeline is ensured to be as stable as possible (SP 3 is usually 0.2-0.5bar smaller than SP2 in industrial engineering experience);
the control b of the double-temperature circulating water unit comprises the following steps:
b1. after the double-temperature circulating water unit is started, the first water supply pump 3 drives circulating water to run, and the water temperature rises; the system measures the real-time water temperature in the pipeline through a temperature sensor arranged at the outlet of the low-temperature water storage tank, compares the measured water temperature with a set value ST1/ST2 (ST 1 is more than ST 2), and logically controls the compressor;
b2. when the measured water supply temperature in the step b1 is greater than the set value ST1, starting the compressor 5-4, cooling water in the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank 5-7 by the refrigerant in the compressor 5-4, and immediately closing a valve at the inlet/outlet of the low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe;
when the measured water supply temperature in the step b1 is smaller than the set value ST2, the controller controls the compressor to stop working, and the circulating water is automatically recycled;
b3. when the compressor 5-4 stops working, the controller collects the water supply temperature t1 measured by the temperature sensor at the moment, and starts a timer until 1 minute later, the water temperature t2 in the pipeline is recorded again (t 1 and t2 are also measured by the temperature sensor arranged at the outlet of the low-temperature water storage tank); if the temperature rise (t 2-t 1) is smaller than the set value ST3, the system considers that the temperature rise speed of the low-temperature water path is lower, the cooling requirement of the terminal equipment group is lower, the cooling capacity can be used for a normal-temperature water path, at the moment, the valve at the inlet/outlet of the low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe is opened, the low-temperature water flows through the heat exchange pipe to the normal-temperature water storage tank, and part of heat is absorbed and then returns to the low-temperature water storage tank; otherwise, if the value of (t 2-t 1) is not smaller than the set value ST3, the valve is still closed, and heat exchange is not carried out between the low-temperature water and the normal-temperature water;
b4. and b1, b2 and b3 are repeated until the controller sends out a stop instruction, and the controller delays and then controls the double-temperature circulating water unit to stop running.
The set values ST1 and ST2 should be set according to the water supply temperature range (recommended value 6-12 ℃ in industry, smaller range can be set according to the system control capability) of the low-temperature water system, wherein the set value ST1 is higher value, and the set value ST2 is lower value;
the set value ST3 can be determined and input in the debugging process of the invention, and the specific method is that the valve logic is closed firstly, about one fourth of equipment in the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set is stopped when the system works, and the temperature value of the water temperature in the pipeline rising within 1 minute is observed and is taken as the set value ST3. When the water temperature rising value is measured, if the water temperature change in 1 minute is less than 0.5 ℃, the water temperature acquisition interval time can be set to any value of 3-5 minutes in logic control, and the system control logic is also applicable.
In this scheme, water is used as a medium, and thus is described as circulating water. The cooling medium may be other liquids in actual use, such as antifreeze.
According to the invention, the cooling mode of the whole laboratory equipment can be optimized, and the cooling system can be designed, managed and supplied in a centralized manner, so that the effects of reducing the construction cost, the use cost and the maintenance cost of the system are achieved; meanwhile, due to the integrated design of the cooling system, the system control is more intelligent, the pressure of the water supply of the system can be stabilized (the control precision can be controlled within 4+/-0.2 bar in the case of the invention) and can reach the optimal industry (0.2-0.5 bar), and meanwhile, the control precision of the medium temperature can be better improved (in different seasons, the outlet temperature of the normal-temperature circulating water provided by the invention is 30+/-5 ℃, the deviation+/-5 ℃ and the outlet temperature of the low-temperature circulating water is 7+/-2 ℃, and the deviation+/-2 ℃ and the influence of the environment temperature of the original single-channel air-cooled circulating water system on the water supply temperature in different seasons is reduced by endowing the water pump and the double-temperature circulating water unit with proper logic control.
According to the scheme, a supply system of low-temperature water and normal-temperature water required by a laboratory is functionally integrated, the arrangement and the structure of the whole system are innovatively designed, the cooling capacity of the system is calculated according to the working load of cooled equipment of the laboratory, and finally the system can simultaneously provide circulating water with controllable temperature and pressure in two paths through intelligent control. The technical key points are the structural design of the double-circulating water unit, the design of a system control principle and the calculation of the cooling capacity of the system. The invention does not simply superpose two single-way circulating water systems, but realizes heat exchange among three media (refrigerant, warm water and low temperature water) through the design of a new structural form, and the design can better reduce redundancy design of heat dissipation capacity of the whole system, thereby providing infinite possibility for miniaturization, functional integration and control intellectualization of the system structure.
Claims (9)
1. A double-circuit control by temperature change circulating fluid supply system of laboratory equipment, its characterized in that: the device comprises a first loop for providing low-temperature circulating liquid for a low-temperature medium cooling equipment set (4) in a laboratory, a second loop for providing normal-temperature circulating liquid for a normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set (9) in the laboratory, and a double-temperature circulating water unit (5) connected between the first loop and the second loop; the double-temperature circulating water unit (5) comprises a normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank (5-1), a low-temperature medium heat exchange tube (5-2) and a low-temperature medium heat exchange tank (5-7), wherein the middle part of the low-temperature medium heat exchange tube (5-2) is positioned in the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank (5-1), two ports are communicated with the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank (5-7), and the end parts of the low-temperature medium heat exchange tube are provided with valves (5-8); the double-temperature circulating water unit (5) further comprises a compressor (5-4), a condenser (5-3), a throttle valve (5-5) and an evaporator (5-6) which are communicated with each other, wherein the evaporator (5-6) is positioned in the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank (5-7), and the condenser (5-3) is positioned in the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank (5-1);
the first loop comprises a low-temperature medium storage tank (1), the outlet end of the low-temperature medium storage tank (1) is communicated with the inlet end of a cooling circulation system of a low-temperature medium cooling equipment set (4) through a pipeline and a first water supply pump (3), and the outlet end of the cooling circulation system of the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set (4) is communicated with the inlet end of the low-temperature medium storage tank (1) through a pipeline and a low-temperature medium heat exchange tank (5-7);
the second loop comprises a normal-temperature medium storage tank (6), the outlet end of the normal-temperature medium storage tank (6) is divided into two paths through a second water supply pump (7), one path of the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank (5-1) is communicated with the inlet end of the cooling tower (8), the other path of the normal-temperature medium heat exchange tank is communicated with the inlet end of a cooling circulation system of the normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set (9), the outlet end of the cooling circulation system of the normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set (9) is communicated with the inlet end of the cooling tower (8), and the outlet end of the cooling tower (8) is communicated with the inlet end of the normal-temperature medium storage tank (6);
the device also comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure controller which are arranged on a pipeline at the outlet of the low-temperature medium storage tank (1), and a controller which is used for starting and stopping the valve (5-8), the compressor (5-4) and the first water pump and the second water pump according to signals of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.
2. A two-way temperature controlled circulating fluid supply system for laboratory equipment as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the method for setting the cooling tower (8), the compressor (5-4) and the pipeline comprises the following steps:
step 1: dividing cooling equipment of a laboratory into a low-temperature medium cooling equipment set (4) and a normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set (9), and calculating heat dissipation Qi of each cooling equipment in the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set (4) and the normal-temperature medium cooling equipment set (9);
step 2: setting a water flow Qi required by each cooling device according to the heat dissipation capacity Qi of each cooling device in the step 1;
step 3: setting the pipe diameter Di of a cooling water pipe used by each cooling device according to the water flow qi required by each cooling device obtained in the step 2;
step 4: setting the water flow quantity qi required by each cooling device of each low-temperature medium cooling device group (4) calculated in the step 2 to be the total water flow quantity q of a loop I Low and low Total electric power P Low and low Setting the total water flow q of the loop II according to the water flow qi required by each cooling device of the normal-temperature medium cooling device group (9) Often times Total electric power P Often times ；
Step 5: setting a compressor, a water pump and a water storage tank, wherein the electric power of the compressor is not lower than the total electric power P of the first loop obtained in the step 4 Low and low A value; the electric power of the cooling tower is not lower than the total electric power P of the loop II obtained in the step 4 Often times The water flow is not lower than the total water flow q of the loop II obtained in the step 4 Often times A value; the flow rate of the low-temperature water pump is not lower than the total water flow rate q obtained in the step 4 Low and low The flow rate of the low-temperature water pump is not lower than the total water flow rate q in the step 4 Often times The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The volume of the water tank is not lower than the sum of the volumes of the main water pipes.
3. A two-way temperature controlled circulating fluid supply system for laboratory equipment as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the heat dissipation Qi of each cooling device in step 1 is:
when the cooling equipment is air conditioning equipment, inquiring corresponding h1 through the target temperature T1, inquiring corresponding h2 through the current atmospheric environment temperature T2,
Qi＝Q air-conditioner *(h1-h2)*ρ Air-conditioner ；
Wherein Q is Air-conditioner Is the air flow rate required to be cooled in the air conditioner; h1 and h2 are enthalpy values corresponding to the temperature;
when the cooling device is a non-air conditioning device,
Qi＝Q air/water *(Ti Out of -Ti Feeding in )*C Air/water ；
Wherein Ti is Out of 、Ti Feeding in To correspond to the medium temperature at the outlet and inlet of the cooling device, Q Air/water The flow of air or water to be cooled in each cooling device; ρ Air-conditioner Is air density; c (C) Air/water Is the specific heat capacity of air or water.
4. A two-way temperature controlled circulating fluid supply system for laboratory equipment according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the water flow qi in step 2 is:
qi＝Qi/(C*ε*△t1*ρ)；
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the cooling medium; epsilon is the heat exchange coefficient; ρ is the cooling medium density; Δt1 is the inlet/outlet water temperature difference of the single cooling device.
5. The two-way temperature-controlled circulating fluid supply system of laboratory equipment of claim 4, wherein: the pipe diameter Di of the pipeline in the step 3 is as follows:
wherein: v is the water flow speed in the pipeline, and a recommended value in engineering thermodynamics is adopted according to industry standards.
6. A two-way temperature-controlled circulating fluid supply system for laboratory equipment according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5, wherein: total water flow q in step 4 Low and low Total electric power P Low and low Total water flow q Often times Total electric power P Often times The method comprises the following steps of:
q often times ＝∑q1+q2+q3+…；
P Often times ＝(5*q Often times *γ*C*ρ)/3600；
q Low and low ＝∑q1+q2+q3+…；
P Low and low ＝(5*q Low and low *γ*C*ρ)/3600；
Wherein: gamma is the operating rate; c is the specific heat capacity of the cooling medium; ρ is the cooling medium density.
7. A control method for controlling the two-way temperature-controlled circulating fluid supply system according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 5, characterized by: the device comprises a water pump control a and a double-temperature circulating water unit control b;
wherein the water pump control a comprises the following steps:
a1. the controller controls the water pump to start, and monitors the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor in real time until the pressure value is consistent with a set value SP2, and the water pump continues to run at a stable frequency;
a2. continuously monitoring the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor, when the pressure is larger than a value SP1, controlling the water pump to start to reduce the frequency by the controller until the pressure is reduced to a set value SP2, and then continuously operating under the stable frequency; when the pressure is smaller than a set value SP3, the controller controls the water pump to lift the working frequency until the pressure is raised to the set value SP2, and then the operation is continued under the stable frequency; realizing the function of automatically adjusting the water pressure;
a3. repeating the step a2 until the controller sends out a stop instruction, and controlling the water pump to stop running after the controller delays time;
the control b of the double-temperature circulating water unit comprises the following steps:
b1. the controller measures the real-time water supply temperature in the pipeline through a temperature sensor arranged at the outlet of the low-temperature water storage tank (1), compares the measured water supply temperature with a set value ST1/ST2 (ST 1 > ST 2), and logically controls the compressor;
b2. when the water supply temperature measured in the step b1 is greater than the set value ST1, the controller controls the compressor to start, the refrigerant in the compressor cools the water in the low-temperature medium heat exchange tank (5-7), and at the moment, the valve (5-8) at the inlet/outlet of the low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe (5-2) is closed immediately;
when the measured water supply temperature in the step b1 is smaller than the set value ST2, the controller controls the compressor to stop working;
b3. when the compressor stops working, the controller collects the water supply temperature t1 measured by the temperature sensor at the moment, and collects the water supply temperature t2 measured by the temperature sensor again after time delay, the controller compares the value of the temperature rise (t 2-t 1) with a set value ST3, and when the temperature rise (t 2-t 1) is smaller than the set value ST3, the controller controls a valve (5-8) at the inlet/outlet of the low-temperature medium heat exchange pipe (5-2) to be opened;
b4. and b1, b2 and b3 are repeated until the controller sends out a stop instruction, and the controller delays and then controls the double-temperature circulating water unit to stop running.
8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the set value SP1 is 0.2-0.5bar greater than the set value SP2, and the set value SP3 is 0.2-0.5bar less than the set value SP 2.
9. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the time interval between the collection of the water supply temperature t2 and the water supply temperature t1 in the step b3 is at least 1 minute;
the method for setting the value ST3 in step b3 is:
and (3) closing the control logic of the valve (5-8), and stopping one fourth of the equipment in the low-temperature medium cooling equipment set (4) in the operation of a double-path temperature control circulating liquid supply system of laboratory equipment, wherein the temperature value of the temperature sensor rising in 5 minutes is observed through the controller, and the value is the set value ST3.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19748985A1 (en) * | 1997-11-06 | 1999-05-27 | Reisner Gmbh Kaeltetechnischer | Water cooling system with two different temperature outputs |
| CN102980346A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-20 | 安徽日源环保能源科技有限公司 | Industrial equipment cooling system and control method thereof |
| CN104567532A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 天津渤化中河化工有限公司 | Cooling water dual recycling system of heat exchanging equipment |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP5501179B2 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2014-05-21 | 三機工業株式会社 | Medium temperature source system with free cooling |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19748985A1 (en) * | 1997-11-06 | 1999-05-27 | Reisner Gmbh Kaeltetechnischer | Water cooling system with two different temperature outputs |
| CN102980346A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-20 | 安徽日源环保能源科技有限公司 | Industrial equipment cooling system and control method thereof |
| CN104567532A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 天津渤化中河化工有限公司 | Cooling water dual recycling system of heat exchanging equipment |
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