CN114251338A - Aluminum rivet with opening sleeve and connecting method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum rivet with opening sleeve and connecting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114251338A CN114251338A CN202111615960.5A CN202111615960A CN114251338A CN 114251338 A CN114251338 A CN 114251338A CN 202111615960 A CN202111615960 A CN 202111615960A CN 114251338 A CN114251338 A CN 114251338A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 53
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 16
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRAIHTAYLFXSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3].[AlH3] VRAIHTAYLFXSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
- F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
- F16B19/06—Solid rivets made in one piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
- F16B5/045—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting without the use of separate rivets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum rivet with an opening sleeve and a connecting method thereof, the aluminum rivet comprises a direct stress plate, a force transmission plate and the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve, the opening sleeve is sleeved outside the aluminum rivet, and the outer diameter D, the wall thickness t, the opening width and the height h of the opening sleeve and 6 indexes of the material of the sleeve and the rivet work cooperatively, so that the performance requirement of resisting dynamic load can be realized. The sleeve with the opening exerts circumferential constraint on the aluminum rivet and can ensure tight extrusion, the connection bearing capacity is improved, and the diameter or the number of the aluminum rivet and the connection length are reduced, so that the material is saved; the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve adopts the fastener of the aluminum rivet, which is a high-performance sleeve and a high-ductility core, and the aluminum rivet adopting the connection mode has the advantages of good ductility of nodes, strong dissipation capability to earthquakes or vibration and long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to an aluminum rivet with an opening sleeve and a connecting method thereof, wherein the connecting method is particularly suitable for node connection of aluminum alloy structures under the action of repeated alternating loads, such as aluminum alloy net rack latticed shells, aluminum alloy pedestrian overpasses, aluminum alloy high-rise structures and the like.
Background
The aluminum alloy has the advantages of light weight, high strength, strong corrosion resistance, simple and convenient forming and high recycling rate due to the material, and has the requirement of developing assembly type buildings in domestic large and medium-sized cities, so the aluminum alloy is gradually applied to net rack latticed shells, pedestrian overpasses and high-rise structures in recent years. In the case of structures such as bridges, space grids and towering, repeated alternating loads are applied to the structures during service, when the structures are subjected to vehicle loads, pedestrian loads, wind loads, earthquakes and temperature changes, thereby raising the performance problem of the relevant connection nodes in the structures against dynamic loads.
According to the recommendation of aluminum alloy structure design specification GB20429-2007, the connection modes in the aluminum alloy structure mainly comprise the following three modes:
(1) the welding seam connection-aluminum alloy structure can be selected from SA1MC-3(Eur 5356) and SA1Si-1(Eur4043) welding wires in aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wire GB 10858, and the welding seam connection is carried out by adopting a consumable inert gas shielded arc welding (MIG welding) or tungsten inert gas shielded arc welding (TIG welding) welding process.
(2) Bolt connection-aluminum alloy structure can adopt common bolt as fastener to connect, the used bolt material has three kinds of steel, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, should accord with the regulation of fastener mechanical property bolt, screw and stud GB/T3098.1, fastener mechanical property non-ferrous metal made bolt, screw, stud and nut GB/T3098.10, fastener mechanical property stainless steel nut GB/T3098.15, hexagon head bolt C grade GB/T5780 and hexagon head bolt GB/T5782.
(3) The rivet connection-aluminum alloy structure can adopt aluminum alloy or stainless steel rivets specified in GB/T863.1 & GB 867, and the aluminum rivets and ring-groove rivets (two materials, namely stainless steel and aluminum lock rings) are commonly used for connection.
In the connection mode of the three aluminum alloy structures, each has the characteristics, but the disadvantages in the dynamic load resistance are prominent:
(1) weld joint-strong strip in aluminum alloy structural design Specification GB 20429: when an aluminum alloy welding structure is adopted, the strength reduction of a welding seam heat affected zone material is 'necessary to be considered'; taking the 6xxx series as an example, the strength reduction factor is 0.50, namely, the strength of the heat affected zone material after welding is only 50% of that of the non-welded material. Only the strength reduction factor of the welded aluminum alloy 5xxx is 0.80 or 1.00, but the aluminum alloy is not available due to the cost problem and is rarely selected. In addition, when the welding seam is adopted for connection, the cross-sectional area of a heat affected zone of the component is reduced during calculation of the bearing capacity of the component, so that the dynamic load resistance of the existing aluminum alloy welding seam connection is the first to eliminate the object.
(2) The bolt connection-friction type high-strength bolt connection applies higher pretension force in the fastening process, combines the anti-sliding performance of the contact surface and has stronger dynamic load resistance after the installation is finished. The bolt connection of the aluminum alloy structure is low in strength of the connected aluminum alloy plate relative to steel, when the pretension force of the bolt does not reach the design value, the nut and the nut are locally extruded to enable the connected aluminum alloy plate to enter plasticity in advance, normal stress is seriously affected, and therefore a high-strength bolt cannot be selected. Furthermore, research shows that the anti-sliding coefficient between common aluminum alloy plates is 0.10-0.15, which is far lower than that of steel materials by 0.35-0.45, and the anti-sliding performance is poor. Therefore, the existing aluminum alloy bolt connection has poor dynamic load resistance and can be adopted but has higher cost.
(3) Rivet connection-rivets commonly used in connection of aluminum alloy structures include aluminum rivets and ring-groove rivets. Firstly, the aluminum rivet has better dynamic load resistance, and the deadly point is as follows: in order to meet the requirements of structures such as bridges, space grids, high rise and the like, materials with the strength of more than 215MPa are used for the aluminum alloy members and the node plates, and the highest strength of the aluminum rivets which are used as fasteners at present is only 135MPa (2A10-T4), so that the aluminum alloy members and the node plates are deviated from the connection principle even if the strength of the aluminum alloy members and the node plates is achieved. Therefore, the aluminum rivet connection has poor dynamic load resistance and can be adopted but has higher cost. Secondly, the installation process determined by the self structure of the ring groove rivet has two actions, namely firstly propping the node to stretch the stainless steel rivet and then extruding the aluminum lock ring in the circumferential direction, so that the special riveting equipment is inevitably large in size and poor in mobility when riveting in the aluminum alloy node. The stainless steel rivet can be locked in a stretching state, the rivet cannot be in close contact with a rivet hole, and the shearing resistance and force transmission performance are not high.
In summary, the existing aluminum alloy rivet connection has low dynamic load resistance, cannot meet the connection requirements in structures such as bridges, space grids and high-rise structures, and restricts the wide application of aluminum alloy structures.
Based on the requirements of structural development of modern bridges, space grids, towering and the like, a connection method which is suitable for aluminum alloy structural connection, excellent in dynamic load resistance, convenient to process and install, controllable in quality, advanced in technology, economical and reasonable is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aluminum rivet with an opening sleeve and a connecting method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, avoiding the problem that the connecting bearing capacity of the existing aluminum alloy welding line is obviously reduced, realizing the assembly of the aluminum alloy structure in-situ construction, ensuring the quality, reducing the labor intensity and improving the efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides an aluminum rivet with an opening sleeve, which comprises the aluminum rivet and the opening sleeve, wherein the opening sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the aluminum rivet, a through long opening is arranged in the opening sleeve along the height direction, and the opening width is less than or equal to 0.5 mm. The through-length opening is used for ensuring that the rivet is tightly extruded with the hole wall when the aluminum rivet is riveted.
Preferably, the opening sleeve is made of stainless steel, and arc-shaped chamfers are machined on the peripheries of the end parts of the two sides of the opening sleeve.
Preferably, the height of the opening sleeve is less than the sum of the thicknesses of the plates riveted by the aluminum rivet.
Preferably, the height h of the split sleeve is 2.0mm less than the sum of the thicknesses of the riveted plates.
The invention also provides a connecting method of the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve, which is applied to the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve and comprises the following steps:
(1) stage of processing
Firstly, processing a direct stress plate, determining the relevant size of the direct stress plate according to the requirements of connection force transmission and construction, and drilling a hole on the direct stress plate by using a numerical control machine tool to manufacture the direct stress plate;
secondly, processing the force transmission plate, and determining the relevant size of the force transmission plate according to the requirements of connection force transmission and construction; drilling a hole on the force transmission plate by using a numerical control machine tool to manufacture the force transmission plate;
thirdly, processing the aluminum rivet, determining the relevant size of the aluminum rivet according to the connection force transmission and construction requirements, wherein the aluminum rivet can be formed by extrusion or forging and pressing to manufacture the aluminum rivet;
fourthly, processing the sleeve with the opening, determining the relevant size of the sleeve with the opening according to the requirements of connection force transmission and construction, cutting the opening of the sleeve by adopting laser or a water jet cutter, processing an arc-shaped chamfer on the periphery of the end part of the sleeve by utilizing a lathe, and manufacturing the sleeve with the opening, wherein the smoothness of the surface of the sleeve with the opening meets the requirement of smooth perforation;
the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step are not implemented in sequence;
(2) stage of installation
When a single aluminum rivet is selected for riveting, the fifth step to the eleventh step are adopted;
fifthly, aligning the nail holes of each layer plate in the connecting nodes of the direct stress plate and the force transmission plate as well as the direct stress plate and the direct stress plate according to the connecting requirements, and temporarily screwing down the bolts with the specifications corresponding to the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeves, wherein the distribution requirements of the bolts are uniform, and the number of the bolts is not less than one third of the number of the rivet holes;
sixthly, opening the connection of the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve, and completely penetrating the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve into a rivet hole without the temporary fastening bolt;
seventhly, checking the connecting nodes to be riveted to ensure that all rivet holes are filled with temporary fastening bolts or aluminum rivets with opening sleeves;
eighthly, riveting the aluminum rivets one by using hydraulic clamp type or screw mechanical small equipment at normal temperature; the riveting sequence is from the center to the periphery so as to eliminate the adverse effect of the rivet riveted first on the rivet riveted later;
ninth, dismantling the temporary fastening bolt installed in the fifth step;
tenth, repeating the sixth step to the eighth step, and implementing riveting of the first batch of rivets without aluminum installation;
step ten, checking the installation quality of the aluminum rivet connection node with the opening sleeve by using a feeler gauge, and if the aluminum rivet connection node with the opening sleeve is unqualified, removing the aluminum rivet and repeating the step six, the step seven, the step eight and the step ten until all the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeve are qualified;
b, when a plurality of or one group of aluminum rivets are selected to be riveted at the same time, the requirements from the twelfth step to the eighteenth step are adopted;
step ten, aligning the nail holes of each layer plate in the connecting nodes of the direct stress plate and the force transmission plate as well as the direct stress plate and the direct stress plate according to the connecting requirements, and temporarily screwing up the stainless steel bolts with the corresponding specification of the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeves, wherein the bolts are uniformly distributed and the number of the bolts is not less than one third of the number of the rivet holes;
step three, opening the connection of the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve, and completely penetrating the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve into a rivet hole without a temporary fastening bolt;
fourteenth, checking a connecting node to be riveted to ensure that all rivet holes are filled with temporary fastening bolts or aluminum rivets with open sleeves;
fifthly, riveting a plurality of or a group of aluminum rivets simultaneously at normal temperature by using a hydraulic clamp type or screw mechanical type and matching with a special or adjustable riveting head; the riveting sequence is from the center to the periphery so as to eliminate the adverse effect of the rivet riveted first on the rivet riveted later;
sixthly, removing the temporary fastening bolt installed in the twelfth step;
seventeenth, repeating the thirteenth step to the fifteenth step, and implementing riveting of the first batch of rivets without aluminum;
and eighteen, checking the installation quality of the aluminum rivet connection node with the opening sleeve by using a feeler gauge, and if the aluminum rivet connection node with the opening sleeve is unqualified, removing the aluminum rivet and repeating the thirteenth step, the fourteenth step, the eighth step and the eighteenth step until all the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeve are qualified for connection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. compared with the existing aluminum alloy structure weld joint connection, the aluminum rivet is used as a fastener for connection, so that the problem that the existing aluminum alloy weld joint connection bearing capacity is obviously reduced is solved, meanwhile, the field construction assembly of the aluminum alloy structure is realized, the quality is guaranteed, the labor intensity is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.
2. Compared with the annular groove rivet in the existing aluminum alloy structure rivet connection, the aluminum rivet adopts an action, namely the aluminum rivet is extruded and riveted along the axial direction of the rivet, the required hydraulic clamp type or screw mechanical type equipment and the like are small in size and flexible to operate, the omnibearing dead-angle-free riveting can be realized, and the installation convenience and the efficiency are superior to those of the annular groove rivet; in the extrusion process of the invention, the aluminum rivet, the sleeve with the opening and the rivet hole are in close contact, and the connecting method for resisting dynamic load is superior to the annular groove rivet.
3. Compared with the aluminum rivet in the existing aluminum alloy structure rivet connection, the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve is adopted in the invention. The split sleeve is made of S22xxx series stainless steel (fu is 620MPa), exerts circumferential constraint on the aluminum rivet, can ensure tight extrusion, and obviously improves the connection bearing capacity, so the diameter or the number and the connection length of the aluminum rivet can be reduced, thereby saving materials; the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve adopts the fastener of the aluminum rivet, which is a high-performance sleeve and a high-ductility core, and the aluminum rivet adopting the connection mode has the advantages of good ductility of nodes, strong dissipation capability to earthquakes or vibration and long service life.
4. Compared with the existing bolt connection with an aluminum alloy structure, the aluminum rivet connection with the opening sleeve is adopted in the invention. The problem that the bolt connection of the aluminum alloy structure is poor in dynamic load resistance is thoroughly solved, after riveting is completed, the aluminum rivet, the sleeve with the opening and the rivet hole are in close contact, and dynamic load can be directly transmitted through mutual extrusion and shearing resistance of the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
In the figure 1, the force transmission plates (or called connecting plates or called cover plates) are symmetrically arranged on both sides, and the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeves are adopted to resist shearing and transmit force to realize the connection between the direct force bearing plates (or the plates forming the components). When the connection mode that the force transmission plate (or the connecting plate or the cover plate) is arranged on one side is adopted, the method is consistent with the method shown in the figure.
Fig. 2 shows the working condition of the aluminum rivet with the split sleeve after the riveting of the aluminum rivet with the split sleeve is completed, namely, the normal stress state, when the connection mode that the force transmission plates (or called connection plates or called cover plates) are arranged on the two sides is adopted.
Fig. 3 shows that when the connection mode of arranging the force transmission plates (or called connection plates or called cover plates) on two sides is adopted, the performance requirement of resisting dynamic load can be realized by comprehensively analyzing 6 indexes of the outer diameter D, the wall thickness t, the opening width and the height h of a key part, namely a sleeve with an opening, and the material quality of the sleeve and a rivet.
Fig. 4 shows that the direct bearing plates (or the plates forming the components) are mutually overlapped, and the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeves are adopted to resist shearing and transfer force, so that the connection between the direct bearing plates (or the plates forming the components) is realized.
Fig. 5 shows the working condition of the aluminum rivet with the split sleeve after the riveting is completed, i.e. the normal stress state, when the direct stress plates (or the plates forming the component) are connected in an overlapping manner.
Fig. 6 shows that when the direct stress plate (or the plate forming the component) is connected in an overlapping manner, the outer diameter D, the wall thickness t, the opening width and the height h of a key part, namely the sleeve with the opening, and 6 indexes of the material of the sleeve and the rivet are determined after comprehensive analysis, so that the performance requirement of resisting dynamic load can be met.
Wherein, 1 direct stress board (or the board that constitutes the component), 2 biography power boards (or the connecting plate or the apron of calling the name of calling the number of calling the number of calling the number.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an aluminum rivet with an opening sleeve and a connecting method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, avoiding the problem that the connecting bearing capacity of the existing aluminum alloy welding line is obviously reduced, realizing the assembly of the aluminum alloy structure in-situ construction, ensuring the quality, reducing the labor intensity and improving the efficiency.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides an aluminum rivet with an open sleeve and a method of connecting the same.
58-seat pedestrian overpasses which are built in Taiyuan city of 22 days 2 months in 2021, medium-color twelve-metallurgy aluminum alloy pedestrian overpasses in trans-railway lines in cities, and aluminum alloy latticed shell structures of Niuqin Niushan-Buddha-top palace in Nanjing are researched and researched on site; aiming at the aluminum alloy latticed shell structure with the diameter of 58.3m and the rise of 9m of the Shanxi Pongquan ditch, the technical problem related to the aluminum alloy plate type node connected by the stainless steel bolt is solved by a Taiyuan university team and related personnel of Shanxi Wujian group limited company. The inventor connects the aluminum-aluminum and steel-aluminum shear test pieces by stainless steel bolts and aluminum rivets respectively, and after a large amount of finite element analysis and experimental research, the invention provides the following scheme:
the scheme is as follows: the aluminum rivet 3, the sleeve 4 with the opening and the rivet hole are in close contact with each other
Firstly, in order to solve the outstanding problems of high power, large energy consumption, large volume and high cost of equipment required by direct riveting of stainless steel rivets, low bearing capacity of direct riveting of aluminum rivets 3 and the like, a connection structure of sheathing a high-strength stainless steel sleeve on the aluminum rivets 3 is provided for the first time.
And secondly, in order to ensure that the aluminum rivet 3, the sleeve 4 with the opening and the rivet hole are in close contact, avoid the processing and manufacturing requirements from being over high and being separated from the current domestic practical average manufacturing level, and ensure that the aluminum rivet 3 with the sleeve is smoothly punched, a connecting measure for opening the high-strength stainless steel sleeve is further provided. The open high-strength stainless steel sleeve is not in high strength transversely before the riveting is not finished, and will expand transversely along with the aluminum rivet 3 in the riveting process until the aluminum rivet 3, the sleeve with the opening 4 and the rivet hole are completely extruded and compacted.
And thirdly, in order to ensure that the high-strength stainless steel sleeve after being opened realizes a stronger constraint effect on the aluminum rivet 3, according to actual material loss caused by factors such as the current linear cutting, laser or water jet cutting level, sleeve wall thickness t and the like, a limit value that the opening gap width of the stainless steel sleeve is less than or equal to 0.5mm is provided, and the constraint effect is ideal after theoretical analysis.
Fourthly, in order to avoid the phenomenon that the sleeve 4 with the opening is extruded by the aluminum rivet 3 in the process of riveting the aluminum rivet 3 due to the compression deformation of the anchored plate in the process of riveting the aluminum rivet 3, a connection measure that the height h of the sleeve 4 with the opening is 2.0mm smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the anchored plates is provided.
And fifthly, the connection bearing capacity of the aluminum rivet with the open sleeve provided by the invention is proved by stage finite element analysis and test results that compared with the existing connection method of the aluminum alloy structure, the method provided by the invention has good performance of resisting dynamic load.
According to the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve, the aluminum rivet is riveted at normal temperature by using small equipment such as a hydraulic clamp type or a screw mechanical type, the shear connection between a force transmission plate (or called a connecting plate or called a cover plate) 2 and a direct stress plate (or a plate forming a component) 1 and between the direct stress plate (or a plate forming a component) 1 is completed, the aluminum rivet 3 with the opening sleeve bears pressure through the rivet and a hole wall, and the force transmission is completed by shearing the rivet.
The circumference of the end part of the sleeve pipe 4 with the opening is processed into an arc chamfer 4b, so that the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve pipe can conveniently pass through the hole of the riveted plate.
The connecting method of the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve comprises the following steps:
(1) stage of processing
In a first step, a direct stress plate (or a plate constituting a member) 1 is processed. Determining the relevant size of a direct stress plate (or a plate forming a component) 1 according to the requirements of connection force transmission, construction and the like; drilling holes by using a numerical control machine tool; a direct stress plate (or a plate constituting a member) 1 is manufactured.
And secondly, processing a force transmission plate (or called a connecting plate or a cover plate) 2. Determining the relevant size of a force transmission plate (or called connecting plate or called cover plate) 2 according to the requirements of connection force transmission and construction; drilling holes by using a numerical control machine tool; a dowel plate (or called connecting plate or called cover plate) 2 is manufactured.
And thirdly, processing the aluminum rivet 3. Determining the relevant size of the aluminum rivet 3 according to the connection force transmission and construction requirements; the rivet can be formed by extrusion or forging; an aluminum rivet 3 is produced.
And fourthly, processing the sleeve 4 with the opening. Determining the relevant size of the sleeve 4 with the opening according to the connection force transmission and construction requirements; cutting the opening of the sleeve by laser or a water jet cutter, and machining an arc-shaped chamfer 4b on the periphery of the end part of the sleeve by using a lathe; the smoothness of the sleeve surface should meet the requirement of smooth perforation; the sleeve 4 with the opening is manufactured.
The first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step are not implemented in sequence.
(2) Stage of installation
And B, when a single aluminum rivet 3 is selected for fixing, the fifth step to the eleventh step are adopted for implementation.
Fifthly, aligning the nail holes of each layer plate in the connecting node of the direct stress plate (or the plate forming the component) 1 and the force transfer plate (or the connecting plate or the cover plate) 2, and the direct stress plate (or the plate forming the component) 1 according to the connecting requirement, temporarily screwing down by bolts with corresponding specifications with an aluminum rivet with an opening sleeve, wherein the bolts are uniformly distributed and the number of the bolts is not less than one third of the number of the rivet holes, and ensuring that each layer plate is tightly overlapped.
And sixthly, opening the connection of the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve. And (3) all the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeves are inserted into rivet holes without temporary fastening bolts, and if necessary, an octagonal hammer with the weight less than 3 pounds is adopted for hammering.
And seventhly, checking the connecting node to be riveted to ensure that all rivet holes are filled with temporary fastening bolts or aluminum rivets with opening sleeves.
Eighthly, riveting the aluminum rivets 3 one by using small equipment such as hydraulic pliers type equipment or screw mechanical equipment at normal temperature; the riveting sequence should be from center to periphery to eliminate the adverse effect of the first rivet on the second rivet.
And ninthly, removing the temporary fastening bolt installed in the fifth step.
And tenth, repeating the sixth step to the eighth step, and implementing riveting of the first batch of rivets without aluminum.
And step ten, checking the installation quality of the aluminum rivet connection node with the opening sleeve by using instruments and equipment such as a feeler gauge and the like. And if the aluminum rivets are unqualified, the aluminum rivets are removed, and the sixth step, the seventh step, the eighth step and the tenth step are repeated until all the aluminum rivets with the sleeves are qualified in connection.
The above steps should be performed in the order listed.
And B, when a plurality of or one group of aluminum rivets 3 are simultaneously riveted, the twelfth step to the eighteenth step are adopted.
And step ten, aligning nail holes of each layer plate in the connecting node of the direct stress plate (or the plate forming the component) 1 and the force transfer plate (or the connecting plate or the cover plate) 2, and the direct stress plate (or the plate forming the component) 1 according to the connecting requirement, temporarily screwing up by adopting stainless steel bolts with corresponding specifications of aluminum rivets with open sleeves, uniformly distributing the bolts, and ensuring that each layer plate is tightly overlapped.
And step three, opening the connection of the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve. And (3) all the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeves are inserted into rivet holes without temporary fastening bolts, and if necessary, an octagonal hammer with the weight less than 3 pounds is adopted for hammering.
And fourteenth, checking the connecting nodes to be riveted to ensure that all rivet holes are filled with temporary fastening bolts or aluminum rivets with open sleeves.
Fifthly, at normal temperature, a plurality of or one group of aluminum rivets 3 are riveted at the same time by utilizing equipment such as hydraulic pliers type or screw mechanical type and the like and matching with a special or adjustable riveting head; the riveting sequence should be from center to periphery to eliminate the adverse effect of the first rivet on the second rivet.
Sixthly, removing the temporary fastening bolt installed in the twelfth step.
Seventeenth, repeating the thirteenth to fifteenth steps, and riveting the first batch of non-mounted aluminum rivets 3.
And eighteen, checking the installation quality of the aluminum rivet connection node with the opening sleeve by using instruments and equipment such as a feeler gauge and the like. And if the aluminum rivets are unqualified, the aluminum rivets are removed, and the step thirteen, the step fourteenth, the step eighth and the step eighteenth are repeated until all the aluminum rivets with the sleeves are qualified in connection.
The above steps should be performed in the order listed.
The connecting method is particularly suitable for the node connection of aluminum alloy structures under the action of repeated alternating loads, such as aluminum alloy net rack reticulated shells, aluminum alloy pedestrian overpasses, aluminum alloy high-rise structures and the like. The aluminum rivet 3 is used as a fastener, has light dead weight compared with a stainless steel bolt or a ring groove rivet, reduces the dead weight by about one third only for the fastener, has small earthquake response, and is particularly suitable for large-span structures and pedestrian overpass structures; the riveting of the aluminum rivet 3 requires small extrusion force, has low requirement on installation space and does not need heating, and can be realized by small equipment such as a hydraulic clamp type or a screw mechanical type, and the connection has excellent performance of resisting repeated alternating load, convenient connection, high installation efficiency and low energy consumption; the open sleeve of the aluminum rivet 3 is a key component and the core technology, namely the outer diameter D, the wall thickness t, the opening width and the height h of the open sleeve and the 6 indexes of the material of the sleeve and the rivet work together, so that the performance requirement of resisting dynamic load can be realized. The S22xxx series stainless steel is adopted to exert circumferential constraint on the aluminum rivet 3 and ensure tight extrusion, the connection bearing capacity is improved, and the diameter or the number of the aluminum rivet 3 and the connection length are reduced, thereby saving materials; the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve adopts the fastener of the aluminum rivet, which is a high-performance sleeve and a high-ductility core, and the aluminum rivet adopting the connection mode has the advantages of good ductility of nodes, strong dissipation capability to earthquakes or vibration and long service life.
The connecting method of the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve meets the requirements of the current national relevant policies in the aspects of assembly type buildings, green construction technology, damping (vibration) technology and the like.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (5)
1. An aluminium matter rivet of area opening sleeve pipe which characterized in that: the aluminum rivet comprises an aluminum rivet and an open sleeve, wherein the open sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the aluminum rivet; the opening sleeve is provided with a through long opening along the height direction, the width of the opening sleeve is less than or equal to 0.5mm, and the through long opening on the opening sleeve is used for ensuring that the rivet is tightly extruded with the hole wall when the aluminum rivet is riveted.
2. The aluminum rivet with split sleeve of claim 1, wherein: the opening sleeve is made of stainless steel, and arc-shaped chamfers are machined on the periphery of the end portions of the two sides of the opening sleeve.
3. The aluminum rivet with split sleeve of claim 1, wherein: the height of the opening sleeve is less than the sum of the thicknesses of the riveting plates of the aluminum rivets.
4. An aluminum rivet with split sleeve according to claim 3, characterized in that: the height of the opening sleeve is 2.0mm less than the sum of the thicknesses of the plates riveted by the aluminum rivet.
5. A connecting method of an aluminum rivet with an open sleeve, which is applied to the aluminum rivet with the open sleeve of any one of claims 1-4, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) stage of processing
Firstly, processing a direct stress plate, determining the relevant size of the direct stress plate according to the requirements of connection force transmission and construction, and drilling a hole on the direct stress plate by using a numerical control machine tool to manufacture the direct stress plate;
secondly, processing the force transmission plate, determining the relevant size of the force transmission plate according to the connection force transmission and construction requirements, and drilling a hole on the force transmission plate by using a numerical control machine tool to manufacture the force transmission plate;
thirdly, processing the aluminum rivet, determining the relevant size of the aluminum rivet according to the connection force transmission and construction requirements, wherein the aluminum rivet can be formed by extrusion or forging and pressing to manufacture the aluminum rivet;
fourthly, processing the open sleeve, determining the relevant size of the open sleeve according to the connection force transmission and construction requirements, cutting the opening of the sleeve by adopting laser or a water jet cutter, processing an arc-shaped chamfer on the periphery of the end part of the sleeve by utilizing a lathe, and manufacturing the open sleeve by ensuring that the smoothness of the surface of the open sleeve meets the requirement of smooth perforation;
the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step are not implemented in sequence;
(2) stage of installation
When a single aluminum rivet is selected for riveting, the fifth step to the eleventh step are adopted;
fifthly, aligning the nail holes of each layer plate in the connecting nodes of the direct stress plate and the force transmission plate as well as the direct stress plate and the direct stress plate according to the connecting requirements, and temporarily screwing down by adopting bolts with the corresponding specification with the aluminum rivets of the open sleeves, wherein the distribution requirements of the bolts are uniform, and the number of the bolts is not less than one third of the number of the rivet holes;
sixthly, opening the connection of the aluminum rivets of the opening sleeve, and completely penetrating the aluminum rivets of the opening sleeve into rivet holes without temporary fastening bolts;
seventhly, checking the connecting nodes to be riveted to ensure that all rivet holes are filled with temporary fastening bolts or aluminum rivets with opening sleeves;
eighthly, riveting the aluminum rivets one by utilizing a hydraulic clamp type or screw mechanical type at normal temperature; the riveting sequence is from the center to the periphery so as to eliminate the adverse effect of the rivet riveted first on the rivet riveted later;
ninth, dismantling the temporary fastening bolt installed in the fifth step;
tenth, repeating the sixth step to the eighth step, and implementing riveting of the first batch of rivets without aluminum installation;
step ten, checking the installation quality of the aluminum rivet connection node with the opening sleeve by using a feeler gauge, and if the aluminum rivet connection node with the opening sleeve is unqualified, removing the aluminum rivet and repeating the step six, the step seven, the step eight and the step ten until all the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeve are qualified in connection;
b, when a plurality of or one group of aluminum rivets are selected to be riveted at the same time, the requirements from the twelfth step to the eighteenth step are adopted;
step ten, aligning the nail holes of each layer plate in the connecting nodes of the direct stress plate and the force transmission plate as well as the direct stress plate and the direct stress plate according to the connecting requirements, and temporarily screwing up the stainless steel bolts with the corresponding specification of the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeves, wherein the bolts are uniformly distributed and the number of the bolts is not less than one third of the number of the rivet holes;
step three, opening the connection of the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve, and completely penetrating the aluminum rivet with the opening sleeve into a rivet hole without a temporary fastening bolt;
fourteenth, checking a connecting node to be riveted to ensure that all rivet holes are filled with temporary fastening bolts or aluminum rivets with open sleeves;
fifthly, riveting a plurality of or a group of aluminum rivets simultaneously at normal temperature by using a hydraulic clamp type or screw mechanical type and matching with a special or adjustable riveting head; the riveting sequence is from the center to the periphery so as to eliminate the adverse effect of the rivet riveted first on the rivet riveted later;
sixthly, removing the temporary fastening bolt installed in the twelfth step;
seventeenth, repeating the thirteenth step to the fifteenth step, and implementing riveting of the first batch of rivets without aluminum;
and eighteen, checking the installation quality of the aluminum rivet connection node with the opening sleeve by using the feeler gauge, and if the aluminum rivet connection node with the opening sleeve is unqualified, removing the aluminum rivet and repeating the tenth step, the fourteenth step, the eighth step and the eighteenth step until all the aluminum rivets with the opening sleeve are qualified for connection.
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| CN202111615960.5A CN114251338B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Aluminum rivet with open sleeve and connecting method thereof |
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| CN202111615960.5A CN114251338B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Aluminum rivet with open sleeve and connecting method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117028389A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-10 | 太原理工大学 | Full thread riveted shear fastener and method of use thereof |
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| CN117028389B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-01-26 | 太原理工大学 | Full thread riveted shear fastener and method of use thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN114251338B (en) | 2023-11-17 |
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