CN114251111A - Top coal embedded supporting method and system in fully mechanized caving and final mining stage - Google Patents
Top coal embedded supporting method and system in fully mechanized caving and final mining stage Download PDFInfo
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- CN114251111A CN114251111A CN202011031398.7A CN202011031398A CN114251111A CN 114251111 A CN114251111 A CN 114251111A CN 202011031398 A CN202011031398 A CN 202011031398A CN 114251111 A CN114251111 A CN 114251111A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/155—Laggings made of strips, slats, slabs or sheet piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a top coal embedded supporting method and a top coal embedded supporting system in a fully mechanized caving and final mining stage, wherein the method comprises the following steps: drilling a plurality of groups of composite holes for arranging an expansion hole sleeve and an anchoring tool on top coal in a fully mechanized caving and final mining stage; installing an anchoring tool on a steel belt structure with an expansion hole sleeve, enabling the front end of the anchoring tool to penetrate through the bottom of the corresponding combined hole and be connected with the top coal, and enabling the rear part of the anchoring tool to be embedded in the expansion hole sleeve, thereby forming a steel belt supporting unit for preventing the rear part of the anchoring tool from being exposed and damaged; and connecting two adjacent groups of steel belt supporting units in the multiple groups of steel belt supporting units together to form a combined supporting system so as to support the top coal of the withdrawal passage in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage. The method solves the problems that the top coal support by the anchor cable in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage is easy to extrude, break and even lose efficacy by the bracket, effectively supports the top coal in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage and maintains the safety and stability of the top plate during the withdrawal period, and has important significance and value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mining engineering support, in particular to a top coal embedded support method and system in a fully mechanized caving and final mining stage.
Background
The thick and ultra-thick coal seams are widely distributed in China, and the comprehensive mechanized top coal caving mining plays a key role in the coal mining in China.
And top coal is not caving in the final mining stage of the comprehensive mechanized top coal caving mining, and the top plate above the support is thick or extra-thick top coal. Under general conditions, the working face needs to be paved and installed with anchor cables (rods) and steel beams for roof support (roof coal support of a withdrawal channel) about 15m before being pushed to a stoping line, and a stable roof environment is built for safe withdrawal of the working face support in advance.
In the prior art, anchor rods arranged on a working surface in a fully mechanized caving and final mining stage are perpendicular to a top plate and have the exposed length of about 10cm, anchor cables arranged on the working surface are perpendicular to the top plate and have the exposed length of not less than 20cm, and I-shaped steel beams are adopted to connect the anchor cables to form an integrated supporting system. In the hydraulic support forward moving process, the exposed end of the anchor cable (or the anchor rod) is directly bent or even broken by the support top beam, so that the working resistance of the anchor cable (or the anchor rod) is obviously reduced, even the support fails, and the stability of the top plate is obviously reduced; the top beam, the exposed anchor rod and the exposed anchor cable are in point contact or line contact with the hydraulic support, so that the stress of the support is unbalanced, the support working condition state and the support stability of the support are obviously reduced, the top coal is extruded and crushed by the I-shaped steel top beam, the anchor rod and the anchor cable under the support force effect, the top coal support fails in the recovery process, and the safety, the efficiency and the stability of the support in the recovery process are seriously threatened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, provides a top coal embedded supporting method and a top coal embedded supporting system in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage, effectively solves the problems that the top coal in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage is easily extruded, broken and even failed by a bracket by using an anchor rope (rod) for supporting, effectively makes up the defects of the traditional supporting method, effectively supports the top coal in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage and maintains the safety and stability of a top plate during the withdrawal period, and has important significance and value.
In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides a top coal embedded supporting method in a fully mechanized caving and final mining stage, including:
drilling a plurality of groups of composite holes for arranging an expansion hole sleeve and an anchoring tool on top coal in a fully mechanized caving and final mining stage;
installing an anchoring tool on a steel belt structure with an expansion hole sleeve, enabling the front end of the anchoring tool to penetrate through the bottom of the corresponding combined hole and be connected with the top coal, and enabling the rear part of the anchoring tool to be embedded in the expansion hole sleeve, thereby forming a steel belt supporting unit for preventing the rear part of the anchoring tool from being exposed and damaged;
and connecting two adjacent groups of steel belt supporting units in the multiple groups of steel belt supporting units together to form a combined supporting system so as to support the top coal of the withdrawal passage in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage.
Wherein, a plurality of groups of steel belt supporting units are arranged in parallel with the working face stoping line at the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage.
Furthermore, a plurality of groups of steel belt supporting units are vertically arranged with the working face stoping line at the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage.
Preferably, the steel strip structure comprises: a steel band having a protrusion at one end and a recess at the other end; one or more expanding hole sleeves, the bottom ends of which are fixedly arranged on the steel belt and are vertically arranged with the steel belt; wherein, the expanding hole sleeve is a cylindrical hole sleeve with a through hole in the center of the front end.
Wherein, drill and establish the compound hole that has the instrument that is used for settling expansion hole cover and anchor on the top coal of the end of the full-mechanized caving mining stage and include:
drilling an expansion hole for arranging an expansion hole sleeve on top coal in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage by using an expansion hole drilling tool;
and after the expansion hole is drilled, continuously drilling a conventional hole for arranging an anchoring tool on the top coal by using a conventional drilling tool so as to form a composite hole for communicating the expansion hole with the conventional hole.
When the anchoring tool is arranged on the steel belt structure with the expansion hole sleeve, the front part of the anchoring tool penetrates through the penetrating hole at the front end of the expansion hole sleeve and is connected with the top coal, so that the rear part of the anchoring tool is embedded in the expansion hole sleeve, and the rear part of the anchoring tool is prevented from being exposed out of the steel belt structure and being damaged through the expansion hole sleeve.
The two adjacent groups of steel belt supporting units are connected together by adopting a method of correspondingly connecting the concave parts of the first group of steel belt supporting units with the convex parts of the second group of steel belt supporting units.
In addition, the invention also provides a system for the top coal embedded supporting method in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage, which comprises the following steps: the steel belt supporting units are connected together, and each group of steel belt supporting units comprises a steel belt structure with an expansion hole sleeve and an anchoring tool for being mounted on the steel belt structure; the multiple groups of composite holes are drilled in the top coal at the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage and are used for respectively arranging the expansion hole sleeves and the anchoring tools of the multiple groups of steel belt supporting units; a drilling tool for drilling the composite hole; the front end of the anchoring tool penetrates through the bottom of the corresponding combined hole and is connected with the top coal, and the rear part of the anchoring tool is embedded into the expanding hole sleeve so as to prevent the rear part of the anchoring tool from being exposed and damaged.
The steel belt structure of the steel belt supporting unit is provided with a plurality of expansion hole sleeves, and the number of the expansion hole sleeves is the same as that of the anchoring tools.
Wherein the drilling tool comprises: the expanding hole drilling tool is used for drilling an expanding hole in the top coal at the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage, and the expanding hole is internally used for placing an expanding hole sleeve; and the conventional drilling tool is used for continuously drilling a conventional hole communicated with the expansion hole on the top coal after the expansion hole is drilled, and the conventional hole is used for placing an anchoring tool.
Compared with the prior art, the top coal embedded supporting method and system in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage have the following beneficial effects:
1. the method and the system solve the problem that the exposed end is easy to damage when the anchor cable (rod) is arranged on the traditional steel belt and I-shaped steel: the expansion hole sleeve can effectively protect the exposed ends of the anchor cables (rods) on the steel belt and the I-shaped steel when the hydraulic support moves, and the exposed ends of the anchor cables (rods) can be effectively protected in the expansion hole sleeve.
2. The problem of anchor failure after anchor rope (pole) exposes the end to destroy is solved: the expansion hole sleeve can ensure the integrity of the exposed end of the anchor cable (rod) after the pre-tightening force is applied, can effectively protect the outer leakage end of the anchor cable (rod), and ensures the anchoring effectiveness.
3. The problem of traditional steel band "regional support" has been solved: the two ends of each steel belt structure are respectively provided with the steel belt concave part and the steel belt convex part, and different numbers of steel belt structures can be connected in pairs according to requirements, so that the top plate at the upper part of the withdrawing channel can be supported in a large area, the top plate at the upper part can form a combined supporting area with a larger area, and the effect of the steel belt support is more superior than that of the traditional steel belt support.
4. The problem of support atress unbalance is solved: when the traditional supporting method is adopted, the I-shaped steel beam and the anchor rod are exposed, so that when the hydraulic support supports the top plate, the support is in point contact with the anchor rod and the exposed ends of the support and the anchor cable, and the support is in line contact with the wage steel beam, so that the support is unbalanced in stress and is easy to damage.
5. The method has excellent effect and has important use significance and popularization value.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole of the structure of a steel strip of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view taken along section A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a general schematic view of the steel strip structure after installation of the anchor cable;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the cable bolt;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the expanding hole drill;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of two steel strip support units of the present invention connected to each other for support;
fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the interconnection of a plurality of groups of steel strip supporting units of the present invention when they are arranged in parallel with a working face extraction stopping line (withdrawal passage axial direction);
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of groups of steel belt supporting units of the invention arranged in parallel with a working face stoping line (axial direction of a withdrawal passage) and not connected;
fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the interconnection of a plurality of groups of steel strip supporting units of the present invention when they are arranged vertically to the working face extraction stopping line (withdrawal passage axial direction);
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing that a plurality of groups of steel belt supporting units are vertically arranged with a working face stoping line (axial direction of a withdrawing channel) and are not connected;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the system of the present invention for supporting the top coal;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of the top coal embedded supporting method in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-expanded hole sleeve, 2-steel strip, 3-through hole, 4-concave part, 5-convex part, 6-connecting hole, 7-anchor cable, 8-anchoring agent, 9-anchor cable tray, 10-expanded hole drilling tool, 11-cutting wheel tooth, 12-limiting disc, 13-positioning wheel tooth and 14-working face extraction stopping line.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a fully mechanized caving and end mining stage top coal embedded support system, which comprises: a plurality of groups of steel belt supporting units (shown in figures 7-10), two adjacent groups of steel belt supporting units are connected together (shown in figure 6), each group of steel belt supporting units (shown in figure 3) comprises a steel belt structure with an expanded hole sleeve (shown in figures 1 and 2) and an anchoring tool (shown in figure 4) for being installed on the steel belt structure; a plurality of groups of composite holes which are drilled on the top coal at the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage and are used for respectively arranging a plurality of groups of expanding hole sleeves and anchoring tools of steel belt supporting units (as shown in figure 11); a drill for drilling a composite hole (as shown in fig. 5); the front end of the anchoring tool penetrates through the bottom of the corresponding combined hole and is connected with the top coal, and the rear part of the anchoring tool is embedded into the expanding hole sleeve to prevent the rear part of the anchoring tool from being exposed and damaged (as shown in fig. 11).
The anchoring tool may be the anchor cable 7 or the anchor rod, and the structure of the support system of the present invention will be described below by taking the anchoring tool as the anchor cable 7.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the steel strip structure of the present invention includes: the steel belt 2 is provided with a convex part 5 at one end and a concave part 4 at the other end and is in a strip shape; one or more expanding sleeves 1 (3 are shown in fig. 1, and the number of the expanding sleeves can be determined as required when the expanding sleeve is applied) are fixedly arranged on the steel strip 2 at the bottom end and are arranged perpendicular to the steel strip 2. Wherein, the expansion hole sleeve 1 is a cylindrical hole sleeve with one end (namely the front end) closed and the other end (namely the rear end) open, a through hole 3 penetrating through the wall thickness of the front end is arranged at the center of the front end, and the through hole 3 is a hole for the anchoring tool to pass through.
During assembly, the rear end of the expansion hole sleeve 1 is connected with the upper surface of the steel belt 2, correspondingly, through holes penetrating through the thickness of the steel belt are formed in the positions, used for installing the expansion hole sleeve, on the steel belt 2, and the diameter of each through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the expansion hole sleeve (as shown in fig. 2).
According to the invention, the plurality of the extension hole sleeves 1 are arranged on the steel belt 2, the anchor cable 7 is arranged on the top plate of the coal jacking through the through holes 3 at the upper ends of the extension hole sleeves 1 to support the top plate, and the rear parts of the anchor cables 7 are embedded into the extension hole sleeves 1, so that the tail ends of the anchor cables 7 in the extension hole sleeves 1 can be effectively protected, and the rear parts of the anchor cables 7 are prevented from being exposed and damaged. During design, the length of the anchor cable 7 is determined according to needs, and the depth inside the expanding hole sleeve 1 is the same as the length of the anchor cable 7 exposed out of the top coal, so that the exposed part of the anchor cable 7 can be completely embedded inside the expanding hole sleeve.
Wherein, one end of each steel strip 2 is provided with a convex part 5 which protrudes outwards along the length direction of the steel strip 2, and the other end is provided with a concave part 4 which is concave inwards along the length direction of the steel strip 2. When in design, the width of each steel strip is the same, and the convex part 5 and the concave part 4 on each steel strip are consistent in size, so that each steel strip can be adapted freely.
Further, the tail end of the protruding part 5 of the steel strip 2 is set to be an annular rod with a connecting hole 6, the end of the steel strip 2 provided with the recessed part 4 is also set to be an annular rod with a connecting hole, and the connecting holes 6 at the two ends of the steel strip 2 are consistent in size. When two adjacent steel belts 2 are connected, the protrusion 5 of the first steel belt is inserted into the recess 4 of the second steel belt, and the two steel belts are connected together by inserting a connecting rod into the corresponding connecting hole of the two steel belts.
When the combined supporting device is used, different numbers of steel belts 2 are connected according to requirements, namely, the convex parts 5 and the concave parts 4 on two adjacent steel belts 2 are clamped together, and the connecting rods penetrate through the connecting holes, so that a large-area integral supporting system can be formed, and the combined supporting of different numbers of steel belt supporting units on top coal is realized.
Each group of composite holes comprises a plurality of composite holes, the number of the composite holes is consistent with that of the expansion hole sleeves on the corresponding steel strips, and the number of the expansion hole sleeves is the same as that of the anchoring tools.
The composite hole is drilled by the following drilling tools: an expansion hole drilling tool (shown in figure 5) for drilling an expansion hole in the top coal at the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage, wherein the expansion hole is internally provided with an expansion hole sleeve; and the conventional drilling tool is used for continuously drilling a conventional hole communicated with the expansion hole on the top coal after the expansion hole is drilled, and the conventional hole is used for arranging the anchor cable 7. The conventional drilling tool may be a drilling tool of the prior art, and the structure thereof will not be described, while the expandable hole drilling tool is a drilling tool specially designed for drilling an expandable hole according to the present invention, and the structure thereof will be described below.
As shown in fig. 5, the expanding hole drilling tool of the present invention includes a drill 10, a stopper disc 12 provided on a bottom end surface of the drill 10, a positioning cutter 13 provided on a top end surface of the drill 10, and a cutting cutter 11 provided on the top end surface of the drill 10 and surrounding the positioning cutter 13. In addition, a connecting shaft for connecting with a drill rod is arranged at the bottom of the limiting disc 12.
The diameter of spacing dish 12 is greater than the diameter of drill bit 10, promptly, the diameter of spacing dish 12 is greater than the external diameter of extension borehole casing 1, like this, when drilling out the extension hole with the drill bit 10 on the top coal with the degree of depth the same with extension borehole casing 1 length, spacing dish 12 can block on the outside top coal of extension hole to suggestion operating personnel trades the extension hole drilling tool into conventional hole drilling tool, promptly, trades into traditional anchor rope hole drill bit, continues to drill into in the extension hole that location wheel tooth 13 formed and forms conventional hole, promptly the anchor rope hole.
The positioning wheel tooth 13 is in a shape of a column at the bottom and a cone at the front, the cone at the front is beneficial to guiding the direction when the top coal is drilled, and after the expansion hole is drilled by using the expansion hole drilling tool, the hole drilled by the positioning wheel tooth 13 can provide a positioning effect when the anchor cable hole is continuously drilled on the top coal by using an anchor cable hole drilling bit subsequently, so that the coaxiality of the anchor cable hole and the expansion hole which are drilled subsequently is prevented from being not in accordance with the requirement. When in design, the length of the positioning gear can be reasonably determined. The cutting crown 11 is disposed on the top end surface of the drill bit 10, and the cutting crown 11 is designed as a cutting tooth protruding outward in the axial direction of the drill bit 10, and may be a plurality of cutting teeth disposed around the bottom of the positioning crown 13.
After the steel belt supporting units are formed by the steel belt structure with the expanding hole sleeves and the anchor cables installed on the steel belt structure, a plurality of groups of steel belt supporting units can be arranged in parallel or vertically with the working face stoping lines in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage, and therefore effective supporting can be provided for top coal.
The method of using the support system of the present invention to support the top coal in an embedded manner in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage will be described.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a flowchart of the top coal embedded supporting method in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage provided by the present invention, as can be seen from fig. 4, the method of the present invention includes:
drilling a plurality of groups of composite holes for arranging an expansion hole sleeve and an anchoring tool on top coal in a fully mechanized caving and final mining stage;
installing an anchoring tool on a steel belt structure with an expansion hole sleeve, enabling the front end of the anchoring tool to penetrate through the bottom of the corresponding combined hole and be connected with the top coal, and enabling the rear part of the anchoring tool to be embedded in the expansion hole sleeve, thereby forming a steel belt supporting unit for preventing the rear part of the anchoring tool from being exposed and damaged;
and connecting two adjacent groups of steel belt supporting units in the multiple groups of steel belt supporting units together to form a combined supporting system so as to support the top coal of the withdrawal passage in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage.
Wherein, drill and establish the compound hole that has the instrument that is used for settling expansion hole cover and anchor on the top coal of the end of the full-mechanized caving mining stage and include:
drilling an expansion hole for arranging an expansion hole sleeve on top coal in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage by using an expansion hole drilling tool;
and after the expansion hole is drilled, continuously drilling a conventional hole for arranging an anchoring tool on the top coal by using a conventional drilling tool so as to form a composite hole for communicating the expansion hole with the conventional hole.
When the anchoring tool is arranged on the steel belt structure with the expansion hole sleeve, the front part of the anchoring tool penetrates through the penetrating hole at the front end of the expansion hole sleeve and is connected with the top coal, so that the rear part of the anchoring tool is embedded in the expansion hole sleeve, and the rear part of the anchoring tool is prevented from being exposed out of the steel belt structure and being damaged through the expansion hole sleeve. When two adjacent groups of steel belt supporting units are connected together, the concave parts of the steel belts of the first group of steel belt supporting units and the convex parts of the steel belts of the second group of steel belt supporting units are correspondingly connected together.
The supporting method that can be used in the present invention will be described below by taking a fully mechanized caving face as an example.
In the embodiment, the fully mechanized coal caving face is fully mined, the mining height is 3m, the coal caving thickness is 6m, namely the top coal thickness is 6 m; the length of the steel belt structure is 90cm, the width of the steel belt structure is 16cm, and after the steel belt structures are connected into rows, the row spacing is 0.8 m; the outer diameter of each expanded hole sleeve 1 is 8cm, the inner depth of each expanded hole sleeve is 14cm, and 3 expanded hole sleeves 1 are uniformly distributed on each steel strip structure.
Example 1
In this embodiment, when supporting top coal at the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage, each row of steel belt structures may be arranged in parallel with a working face stoping line 14 (the stoping line is along the axial direction of a withdrawal passage) (as shown in fig. 7 and 8), and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps:
and drilling a plurality of rows of composite holes on the top coal, wherein each row of composite holes comprises a plurality of groups of composite holes of which the central line connecting line is parallel to the working face stoping line 14, and each group of composite holes comprises three composite holes. When a composite hole is drilled, an expansion hole is drilled on the top coal by using the expansion hole drilling tool, when the drill reaches the same depth of the expansion hole sleeve 1, the limiting disc of the expansion hole drilling tool can be clamped outside the expansion hole, the expansion hole drilling tool is replaced by a traditional anchor cable hole drilling tool, and an anchor cable hole is continuously drilled in a guide hole formed by the positioning wheel tooth 13, so that the composite hole formed by communicating the expansion hole with the anchor cable hole is formed.
Step two:
after a certain number of rows of composite holes are obtained, correspondingly mounting a steel belt structure at each group of composite holes, namely aligning three expanded hole sleeves of each steel belt structure with the three composite holes of the corresponding group respectively, and inserting the expanded hole sleeves into the composite holes, wherein other parts of the steel belt structure are tightly attached to the top coal.
Then, an anchor cable tray 9 (as shown in fig. 4 and 11) is installed at the rear end of the anchor cable, the anchor cable tray 9 is annular and is sleeved at the rear end of the anchor cable, and the outer diameter of the anchor cable tray 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the expanding hole sleeve and larger than the diameter of the through hole and can be attached to the front inner wall of the expanding hole sleeve 1.
And then, arranging the resin explosive roll anchoring agent 8 at the front end of the anchor cable, enabling the front end of the anchor cable to penetrate through the penetrating hole at the front end of the expansion hole sleeve on the corresponding steel belt structure and be inserted into the anchor cable hole of the composite hole, and at the moment, completely embedding the rear end of the anchor cable into the expansion hole sleeve.
Step three:
and mutually splicing the convex parts and the concave parts of every two adjacent steel belts of the steel belt structures connecting the same row of the composite holes and locking the convex parts and the concave parts through connecting rods so as to form a steel belt supporting system connected in rows.
And repeating the steps to sequentially complete the connection of the steel belt structures of all the rows, thereby forming a large-area integral steel belt supporting system and realizing the supporting of the top coal of the withdrawal passage in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage.
The method for arranging the steel belt structure in parallel with the working face mining stop line 14 has the following advantages: the steel strip structures parallel to the working face direction can be connected into a whole, the integrity of the steel strip structures in the direction is strong, the steel strip structures are beneficial to preventing and controlling local roof fall, and the distance between rows can be adjusted.
Example 2
In the embodiment, when top coal at the fully-mechanized caving and final mining stage is supported, each row of steel belt structures can be vertically arranged with a working face stoping line 14 (the stoping line is along the axial direction of a withdrawing channel) (as shown in fig. 9 and 10), and as shown in the figure, different from the embodiment 1, a plurality of groups of composite holes are drilled in rows when holes are drilled in the top coal, namely, the central line connecting lines of the composite holes in each row are vertical to the working face stoping line 14.
The method for drilling holes and the method for placing the steel strip structure in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
The steel strip structure connected in groups is vertically arranged with the working face stoping line, and the vertical arrangement has the following advantages: the steel belt structures are connected into a whole in the direction perpendicular to the working face, the top plate of the suspended ceiling area and the top plate of the support supporting area form a whole through the combined steel belt, and the steel belt structure is beneficial to preventing and treating large-area collapse accidents of the suspended ceiling area.
In practical application, the parallel or vertical supporting method can be determined according to the concrete condition of the roadway.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the top coal embedded supporting method and system in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage have the following beneficial effects:
1. the method and the system solve the problem that the exposed end is easy to damage when the anchor cable (rod) is arranged on the traditional steel belt and I-shaped steel: the expansion hole sleeve can effectively protect the exposed ends of the anchor cables (rods) on the steel belt and the I-shaped steel when the hydraulic support moves, and the exposed ends of the anchor cables (rods) can be effectively protected in the expansion hole sleeve.
2. The problem of anchor failure after anchor rope (pole) exposes the end to destroy is solved: the expansion hole sleeve can ensure the integrity of the exposed end of the anchor cable (rod) after the pre-tightening force is applied, can effectively protect the outer leakage end of the anchor cable (rod), and ensures the anchoring effectiveness.
3. The problem of traditional steel band "regional support" has been solved: the two ends of each steel belt structure are respectively provided with the steel belt concave part and the steel belt convex part, and different numbers of steel belt structures can be connected in pairs according to requirements, so that the top plate at the upper part of the withdrawing channel can be supported in a large area, the top plate at the upper part can form a combined supporting area with a larger area, and the effect of the steel belt support is more superior than that of the traditional steel belt support.
4. The problem of support atress unbalance is solved: when the traditional supporting method is adopted, the I-shaped steel beam and the anchor rod are exposed, so that when the hydraulic support supports the top plate, the support is in point contact with the anchor rod and the exposed ends of the support and the anchor cable, and the support is in line contact with the wage steel beam, so that the support is unbalanced in stress and is easy to damage.
5. The method has excellent effect and has important use significance and popularization value.
Although the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can modify the principle of the present invention, and thus, various modifications made in accordance with the principle of the present invention should be understood to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A top coal embedded supporting method in a fully mechanized caving and final mining stage comprises the following steps:
drilling a plurality of groups of composite holes for arranging an expansion hole sleeve and an anchoring tool on top coal in a fully mechanized caving and final mining stage;
installing an anchoring tool on a steel belt structure with an expansion hole sleeve, enabling the front end of the anchoring tool to penetrate through the bottom of the corresponding combined hole and be connected with the top coal, and enabling the rear part of the anchoring tool to be embedded in the expansion hole sleeve, thereby forming a steel belt supporting unit for preventing the rear part of the anchoring tool from being exposed and damaged;
and connecting two adjacent groups of steel belt supporting units in the multiple groups of steel belt supporting units together to form a combined supporting system so as to support the top coal of the withdrawal passage in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of groups of steel strip supporting units are arranged in parallel with the working face stoping line of the fully mechanized caving end mining stage.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multiple groups of steel belt supporting units are arranged perpendicular to the working face stoping line of the fully mechanized caving end mining stage.
4. The method of claim 1, the steel strip structure comprising:
a steel band having a protrusion at one end and a recess at the other end;
one or more expanding hole sleeves, the bottom ends of which are fixedly arranged on the steel belt and are vertically arranged with the steel belt;
wherein, the expanding hole sleeve is a cylindrical hole sleeve with a through hole in the center of the front end.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein drilling a composite hole for installing an expansion hole sleeve and an anchoring tool on the top coal of the fully mechanized caving and end mining stage comprises:
drilling an expansion hole for arranging an expansion hole sleeve on top coal in the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage by using an expansion hole drilling tool;
and after the expansion hole is drilled, continuously drilling a conventional hole for arranging an anchoring tool on the top coal by using a conventional drilling tool so as to form a composite hole for communicating the expansion hole with the conventional hole.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the front part of the anchoring tool is inserted through the through hole of the front end of the expanding sleeve when the anchoring tool is installed on the steel band structure having the expanding sleeve, and the rear part of the anchoring tool is embedded in the expanding sleeve to prevent the rear part of the anchoring tool from being exposed to the steel band structure and damaged by the expanding sleeve.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the two adjacent groups of steel strip supporting units are connected by correspondingly connecting the concave parts of the first group of steel strip supporting units with the convex parts of the second group of steel strip supporting units.
8. A system for the top coal inline-type supporting method in the fully mechanized caving and end mining stage according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
the steel belt supporting units are connected together, and each group of steel belt supporting units comprises a steel belt structure with an expansion hole sleeve and an anchoring tool for being mounted on the steel belt structure;
the multiple groups of composite holes are drilled in the top coal at the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage and are used for respectively arranging the expansion hole sleeves and the anchoring tools of the multiple groups of steel belt supporting units;
a drilling tool for drilling the composite hole;
the front end of the anchoring tool penetrates through the bottom of the corresponding combined hole and is connected with the top coal, and the rear part of the anchoring tool is embedded into the expanding hole sleeve so as to prevent the rear part of the anchoring tool from being exposed and damaged.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the set of composite holes comprises a plurality of composite holes, the steel strip structure of the steel strip support unit has a plurality of expanded hole sleeves, and the number of expanded hole sleeves and anchoring tools is the same.
10. The system of claim 9, the drilling tool comprising:
the expanding hole drilling tool is used for drilling an expanding hole in the top coal at the fully mechanized caving and final mining stage, and the expanding hole is internally used for placing an expanding hole sleeve;
and the conventional drilling tool is used for continuously drilling a conventional hole communicated with the expansion hole on the top coal after the expansion hole is drilled, and the conventional hole is used for placing an anchoring tool.
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| US5222835A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1993-06-29 | The Eastern Company | Resin-mixing article for mine roof anchor |
| WO2003058032A1 (en) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-07-17 | Jeffrey Robert Fergusson | Longwall mining method and apparatus |
| CN101694163A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2010-04-14 | 山东科技大学 | Determination method of deep tunnel roof support forms and support depth |
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