CN114248882A - Simulation experiment device of hybrid power ship and control method thereof - Google Patents
Simulation experiment device of hybrid power ship and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of simulation experiment equipment, and discloses a simulation experiment device of a hybrid power ship and a control method thereof, wherein the simulation experiment device comprises an electric system consisting of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a bidirectional power converter, a simulation load and the like; the invention uses electric element to simulate mechanical element, the electric coupling simulates mechanical coupling, the concrete operation is to use permanent magnet synchronous motor, permanent magnet synchronous generator and bidirectional power converter to simulate dual-fuel host and clutch, uses converter and simulation load to simulate propeller, and uses electric element to simulate mechanical property. The invention can reduce the fuel loss of the internal combustion engine of the ship and the noise pollution caused by the mechanical gear box, can be environment-friendly, and can effectively promote the popularization and development of new energy ships; flexible simulation working conditions are provided; safety, environmental protection and low noise; low operation energy consumption and high economical efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of simulation experiment equipment, and particularly relates to a simulation experiment device of a hybrid power ship and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, in order to respond to the call of energy conservation and emission reduction, hybrid ships are more and more popular, and compared with the traditional ship propelled by a diesel engine, the hybrid ship using an oil-electricity hybrid power system has more advantages and characteristics: 1. the economy is realized, the operation mode of the hybrid power ship can be adjusted according to the working condition during operation, the comprehensive energy efficiency of a power system is improved, and the propulsion efficiency is improved; 2. the maneuverability is realized, the gasoline-electric hybrid power system can control the use amount of a diesel engine and a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the required navigational speed of a ship, and the maneuverability of the power system is improved; 3. compared with the traditional ship propelled by a pure diesel engine, the hybrid ship has double kinetic energy, can be flexibly switched in emergency, and improves the safety; 4. and compared with a pure diesel engine power system, the diesel engine power system has the advantage of reducing the emission of pollutants due to the environmental protection property.
The safe sailing of the hybrid power ship is guaranteed, and a simulation experiment is necessary in order to enable the distribution of a power system of the hybrid power ship to be more reasonable. Firstly, problems can be found well through simulation experiments, and data such as PTI, PTO and PTH are corrected through the simulation experiments, so that the method is safer and more reliable. Secondly, the simulation experiment is more flexible, and manpower and material resources can be saved to a certain extent. Finally, the simulation experiment has more economical efficiency and environmental protection, and the electric energy generated at last in the simulation experiment can be utilized in the whole power grid system and can not generate pollutants.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
the existing simulation experiment device of the hybrid power ship is complex in operation and high in noise.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is:
the existing simulation experiment device of the hybrid ship still utilizes a mechanical gear box, so that the problem of high noise is inherent, and the mechanical gear box limits input voltage and current, so that the whole device is more complicated in the connection process, and the operation is complicated.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows:
the experiment is more environmental protection, uses the electrical coupling simulation mechanical coupling, utilizes the electric appliance component combination simulation and replaces mechanical gear box, has not only reduced noise pollution, still makes the experimental apparatus connect more succinctly, makes things convenient for the experiment operation. And the electric energy generated at the end of the experiment can be utilized in the whole power grid system, thereby improving the environment protection.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a simulation experiment device of a hybrid power ship and a control method thereof.
The invention is realized in this way, a simulation experiment device of a hybrid ship comprises:
the dual-fuel host simulation module is used for simulating a dual-fuel host through the first permanent magnet synchronous motor and providing power for the propeller; wherein, if the dual-fuel host simulation module acts alone in the experiment, the mode is the PTO mode.
The propulsion motor simulation module is used for simulating a propulsion motor through a second permanent magnet synchronous motor and providing power for the propeller; wherein, if the propulsion motor simulation module acts alone in the experiment, the mode is the PTH mode.
Furthermore, in the experimental process, the dual-fuel host simulation module and the propulsion motor simulation module simultaneously act to provide power for the propeller, and the mode is the PTI mode. And the PTO, PTI or PTH mode can be selected in time according to different required power and different running states in the experimental process.
The PTO mode is a mode when the dual-fuel host simulation module operates independently, the principle is that the dual-fuel host simulation module provides power independently, the simulation propeller recovers energy and charges an energy storage battery, and the mode is mostly applied to the stable operation stage of a system.
The PTI mode is a mode when the propulsion motor simulation module operates independently, the principle is that the propulsion motor simulation module provides power independently, at the moment, the dual-fuel host simulation module does not work to achieve the purpose of saving energy, and the PTI mode is mainly used for the stage of starting operation of the system.
The PTH mode provides power for the hybrid energy source, and the principle is that the dual-fuel host simulation module and the propulsion power simulation module act together to achieve the purpose of energy saving by controlling the energy input ratio, and the PTH mode can be used in any stage.
The electrical coupling simulation mechanical coupling module is used for simulating a mechanical element by using an electrical element and simulating mechanical coupling by electrical coupling; the function of the device is to simulate a high-efficiency low-noise transmission device by using an electric element, simulate the transmission effect of a gear box and solve the problems of complex connection operation and high noise.
And the simulation propeller module is used for simulating a propeller by utilizing the permanent magnet synchronous generator, the AC/DC converter and the load.
Furthermore, the electric coupling analog mechanical coupling module is an analog hybrid power gear box and consists of two permanent magnet synchronous generators, two AC/DC converters, one DC/AC converter and a third permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Further, the first permanent magnet synchronous motor and the second permanent magnet synchronous motor are respectively connected with an AC/DC converter, and the third permanent magnet synchronous motor is connected with a permanent magnet synchronous generator in the simulation propeller module.
Furthermore, the load has energy feedback, and the excess current generated in the whole simulation experiment is fed back to the power system of the simulation experiment through the energy feedback to be recycled.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling a simulation experiment apparatus for a hybrid ship, the method comprising:
simulating kinetic energy generated by a first permanent magnet synchronous motor of a dual-fuel host to drive a first permanent magnet synchronous generator to generate electric energy, and simulating kinetic energy generated by a second permanent magnet synchronous motor of a propulsion motor to drive a second permanent magnet synchronous generator to generate electric energy;
converting alternating currents generated by the first permanent magnet synchronous generator and the second permanent magnet synchronous generator into direct currents through the first AC/DC converter and the second AC/DC converter respectively for rectification;
converting the rectified direct current into alternating current through a DC/AC converter to drive a third permanent magnet synchronous motor to generate kinetic energy;
and fourthly, the kinetic energy generated by the third permanent magnet synchronous motor drives the third permanent magnet synchronous generator to generate alternating current, and the alternating current is converted into direct current by the third AC/DC converter to supply power to the load.
Further, the control method of the simulation experiment device of the hybrid ship controls the motion of the load by controlling the rotating speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor so as to achieve the simulation effect;
the following methods are adopted for controlling the rotating speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor:
changing the highest power supply voltage of a controller in a first mode; changing the torque and the torque angle of the upper machine position of the permanent magnet synchronous motor; mode three, the torque current maximum ratio is changed.
The first method is as follows: the input voltage of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is changed by changing the highest power supply voltage of the controller, so that the purpose of changing the rotating speed is achieved.
The second mode is as follows: the direct torque method directly influences the torque output value by controlling parameters in a torque formula. And selecting the moment angle as a control object. The specific method is explained by taking an internal rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor as an example. Under the condition that the power supply voltage and the stator magnetic field frequency are constant, the motor outputs the torque in real time and is in direct proportion to the sine value of the moment angle.
The electromagnetic torque value corresponding to each torque angle can be calculated in an off-line state to form a vector table which is stored in an upper computer. And in the running process of the motor controller, the torque and the torque angle are observed in real time, and original values in the table are extracted for comparison. If the value is found to be out of or in the table, the power supply voltage value is adjusted to correct the torque. The direct torque method has good robustness and simple algorithm, does not need coordinate transformation, and is a control method with more applications in the early stage. However, this method drastically reduces the control accuracy at low rotational speeds. And thus may choose to use only below the fundamental frequency.
The third mode is as follows: the current is decoupled under a d-q coordinate system, and then the maximum ratio of the torque current of each component is respectively obtained, so that the maximum torque under the determined exciting current is obtained. The existence of maxima is determined by taking the second derivative. And in the speed regulation interval, the torque-current ratio is derived, and the second derivative is less than 0, so that the maximum value of the torque-current ratio exists.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention utilizes the electric element to simulate the mechanical element, the electric coupling simulates the mechanical coupling, namely the mechanical characteristics are simulated by the electric element, and the invention has flexible simulation working conditions; safety, environmental protection and low noise; low operation energy consumption and high economical efficiency.
The invention can more conveniently carry out the experiment of the hybrid power ship, not only can effectively change parameters, but also can more reasonably optimize PTI, PTO and PHT modes and effectively carry out the experiment to improve the hybrid power ship; the fuel loss of the internal combustion engine of the ship and the noise pollution caused by the mechanical gear box can be reduced, and the environment is protected. Can effectively promote the popularization and development of new energy ships.
The simulator structure of this experiment has the commonality with the little electric wire netting structure of hybrid ship, can be better after the experiment apply to the reality data. And this simulation experiment device has solved the problem that the operation is complicated and the noise is big, has solved the problem that this type of experimental environment required height to a certain extent to it can be more convenient to carry out this type of experiment afterwards, can carry out laboratory test in limited space.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an experimental block diagram of a simulation experiment apparatus for a hybrid ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation experiment apparatus of a hybrid ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a first permanent magnet synchronous motor; 2. a first permanent magnet synchronous generator; 3. a first AC/DC converter; 4. a second permanent magnet synchronous motor; 5. a second permanent magnet synchronous generator; 6. a second AC/DC converter; 7. a DC/AC converter; 8. a third permanent magnet synchronous motor; 9. a third permanent magnet synchronous generator; 10. a third AC/DC converter; 11. and (4) loading.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a simulation experiment apparatus for a hybrid ship and a control method thereof, and the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a simulation experiment device of a hybrid power ship, which mainly aims to simulate mechanical elements by electrical elements and simulate electrical coupling into mechanical coupling.
The first part consists of: a first permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 emulating a dual fuel main machine, a first permanent magnet synchronous generator 2 and a first AC/DC converter 3. The first permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 is connected with the first permanent magnet synchronous generator 2, provides power for the first permanent magnet synchronous generator 2 to generate electric energy, and the generated electric energy is converted into direct current to be output through the first AC/DC converter 3. The first part acts solely as PTO mode; the second part consists of a second permanent magnet synchronous motor 4 simulating a propulsion motor, a second permanent magnet synchronous generator 5 and a second AC/DC converter 6. The second permanent magnet synchronous motor 4 is connected with a second permanent magnet synchronous generator 5, provides kinetic energy for the second permanent magnet synchronous generator 5 to generate electric energy, and then is converted into direct current output by an AC/DC converter 6. The second part acts solely as a PTH mode. The PTI mode is when the two parts work together to provide kinetic energy.
After the permanent magnet synchronous motors of the first part and the second part generate electric energy, the obtained alternating current is converted into direct current through an AC/DC converter and then rectified into a branch. The rectified direct current is converted into alternating current through a DC/AC converter to provide electric energy for the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The permanent magnet synchronous motor is connected with the permanent magnet synchronous generator, and alternating current generated by the permanent magnet synchronous generator is converted into direct current through the AC/DC converter, so that the propeller is simulated by driving the simulation load to move.
The simulated dual fuel host is simulated using a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The principle is as follows: the dual-fuel host controls the rotating speed of the dual-fuel host by controlling the oil inlet amount, the required rotating speed is obtained by adjusting the size of the oil inlet according to different requirements, and the mechanical characteristic of the dual-fuel host is simulated by changing the rotating speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor so as to achieve the expected effect.
The principle of the simulated propulsion motor is the same as that of a simulated dual-fuel host, and the simulated propulsion motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The propulsion motor is connected to the DC bus branch of the ship power grid and is used for driving the propeller together with the dual-fuel main engine. In the simulation experiment, the simulation dual-fuel main engine and the simulated dual-fuel main engine drive the load through the clutch, and the propeller rotation is simulated through the load to carry out the experiment.
The permanent magnet synchronous generator functions to convert mechanical energy into electric energy or convert electric energy into mechanical energy. In the invention, the permanent magnet synchronous generator is used for converting mechanical energy generated by the permanent magnet synchronous motor into electric energy and providing basic conditions for a power system simulation mechanical system.
The AC/DC converter is used for rectifying the current of the whole ship power grid. The propulsion motor is connected to a DC bus branch of a ship power grid, and supplies AC power to the propulsion motor, but the propulsion motor needs DC power, and a DC/AC converter is used to convert the DC power into AC power to be supplied to the propulsion motor. In the process of electrical coupling simulation mechanical coupling, the current generated by the simulated dual-fuel main engine and the propulsion motor needs to be rectified, and because the simulated dual-fuel main engine and the propulsion motor generate alternating current through the permanent magnet synchronous generator, the alternating current needs to be converted into direct current through the AC/DC converter and then rectified, so that the rectification operation is more convenient.
The clutch and load function to simulate the propeller of a marine vessel. The clutch is a mechanical gear box, can convert electric energy into mechanical energy, and is consistent with the principle of the clutch in a ship power grid. The load is that the screw propeller is simulated in the experimental process, the mechanical energy generated by the clutch moves, the rotation of the screw propeller is simulated when the ship sails, and whether the whole simulation device can normally operate or not is conveniently checked.
The load of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the simulation propeller has energy feedback, and the excessive current generated in the whole simulation experiment is finally fed back to the power system of the simulation experiment after passing through the load of the permanent magnet synchronous motor for cyclic utilization.
In the experimental process, if the whole simulation experimental device needs to be simplified due to the influence of equipment and environment, two branches of a simulated dual-fuel host and a propulsion motor which are connected in parallel can be simplified into one branch, an electric system consisting of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a permanent magnet synchronous generator and an AC/DC bidirectional converter is utilized to simplify and replace the original equipment, but the voltage levels of all the equipment and the voltage levels of all the equipment before simplification are required to be consistent. The simplified simulation experiment device is simpler and more convenient, but the experimental data deviation will be increased to some extent.
The invention controls the machine side controller through the power grid control background to distribute energy, and when the power supplied by the dual-fuel host needs to be changed, the rotating speed of the dual-fuel host is changed by changing the oil inlet quantity, thereby achieving the aim; when the power provided by the propulsion motor needs to be changed, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, changing the highest power supply voltage of a controller; secondly, changing the torque and the torque angle of the permanent magnet synchronous motor at the machine position; and thirdly, changing the torque current maximum ratio. Wherein the energy source of the main propulsion motor is provided by the power battery after being converted by the AC/DC converter for a plurality of times. And finally, the mechanical energy generated by the main propulsion motor and the dual-fuel host is transmitted to the propeller through the clutch. In the simulation experiment device of the whole hybrid power ship, different kinetic energies are provided for the permanent magnet synchronous generator by changing the rotating speeds of the simulated dual-fuel host and the propulsion motor, so that currents with different sizes are generated and the load is driven to move. The motion state of the load is observed by changing the rotating speed ratio of the simulated dual-fuel host and the propulsion motor, the power provided by the propeller by different energy ratios during actual navigation of the hybrid power ship is simulated, and the optimized energy distribution ratio is selected for application. Therefore, the hybrid power ship has high energy efficiency, low sailing cost and less pollution, and promotes the development of new energy propagation. And secondly, the excess current generated in the load can enter the whole power system again, so that the cyclic utilization is achieved, and the energy is saved.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A simulation experiment device of a hybrid ship, characterized in that the simulation experiment device of the hybrid ship includes:
the dual-fuel host simulation module is used for simulating a dual-fuel host through the first permanent magnet synchronous motor and providing power for the propeller;
the propulsion motor simulation module is used for simulating a propulsion motor through a second permanent magnet synchronous motor and providing power for the propeller;
the electrical coupling simulation mechanical coupling module is used for simulating a mechanical element by using an electrical element and simulating mechanical coupling by electrical coupling;
and the simulation propeller module is used for simulating a propeller by utilizing the permanent magnet synchronous generator, the AC/DC converter and the load.
2. The simulation experiment apparatus of the hybrid ship according to claim 1, wherein the electrical coupling simulation mechanical coupling module is a simulated hybrid gearbox, which is composed of two permanent magnet synchronous generators, two AC/DC converters, one DC/AC converter and a third permanent magnet synchronous motor.
3. A simulation experiment apparatus of a hybrid ship according to claim 2, wherein the first and second permanent magnet synchronous motors are respectively connected to an AC/DC converter, and the third permanent magnet synchronous motor is connected to a permanent magnet synchronous generator in the simulated propeller module.
4. The simulation experiment apparatus of the hybrid ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein the load has an energy feedback, and the excess current generated in the whole simulation experiment is fed back to the power system of the simulation experiment for recycling after passing through the load.
5. A simulation test rig of a hybrid vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dual fuel host simulation module acts alone in the test in PTO mode.
6. A simulation experiment apparatus of a hybrid ship according to claim 1, wherein the propulsion motor simulation module acts alone in the experiment in a PTH mode.
7. The simulation experiment device of the hybrid ship according to claim 1, wherein during the experiment, the dual-fuel host simulation module and the propulsion motor simulation module simultaneously function to provide power for the propeller in a PTI mode; and selects PTO, PTI or PTH modes during the course of the experiment depending on the power required and the operating conditions.
8. A control method for the simulation experiment device for the hybrid ship according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the control method for the simulation experiment device for the hybrid ship comprises:
simulating kinetic energy generated by a first permanent magnet synchronous motor of a dual-fuel host to drive a first permanent magnet synchronous generator to generate electric energy, and simulating kinetic energy generated by a second permanent magnet synchronous motor of a propulsion motor to drive a second permanent magnet synchronous generator to generate electric energy;
converting alternating currents generated by the first permanent magnet synchronous generator and the second permanent magnet synchronous generator into direct currents through the first AC/DC converter and the second AC/DC converter respectively for rectification;
converting the rectified direct current into alternating current through a DC/AC converter to drive a third permanent magnet synchronous motor to generate kinetic energy;
and fourthly, the kinetic energy generated by the third permanent magnet synchronous motor drives the third permanent magnet synchronous generator to generate alternating current, and the alternating current is converted into direct current by the third AC/DC converter to supply power to the load.
9. The method of controlling a simulation experiment apparatus for a hybrid ship according to claim 8, wherein the method of controlling a simulation experiment apparatus for a hybrid ship controls the movement of a load by controlling the rotation speed of a permanent magnet synchronous motor; the method for controlling the rotating speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises the following steps:
changing the highest power supply voltage of a controller in a first mode; changing the torque and the torque angle of the upper machine position of the permanent magnet synchronous motor; mode three, the torque current maximum ratio is changed.
10. The method of controlling a simulation experiment apparatus for a hybrid ship according to claim 8, wherein the first mode: the input voltage of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is changed by changing the highest power supply voltage of the controller, and the rotating speed is changed;
the second mode is as follows: the direct torque method directly influences the torque output value by controlling parameters in a torque formula; selecting a moment angle as a control object;
the third mode is as follows: decoupling the current under a d-q coordinate system, and then respectively calculating the maximum ratio of the torque to the current of each component to obtain the maximum torque under the determined exciting current; determining the existence of a maximum value by solving a second derivative; and in the speed regulation interval, the torque-current ratio is derived, and the second derivative is less than 0, so that the maximum value of the torque-current ratio exists.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115195971A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-10-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Ship energy efficiency management system, method and storage medium |
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