CN114248509A - Aluminum-plastic plate, photovoltaic module and preparation method - Google Patents

Aluminum-plastic plate, photovoltaic module and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114248509A
CN114248509A CN202010956609.1A CN202010956609A CN114248509A CN 114248509 A CN114248509 A CN 114248509A CN 202010956609 A CN202010956609 A CN 202010956609A CN 114248509 A CN114248509 A CN 114248509A
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aluminum
layer
aluminum plate
melting
adhesive layer
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不公告发明人
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Hangzhou Microquanta Semiconductor Co ltd
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Hangzhou Microquanta Semiconductor Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/16—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising polydienes homopolymers or poly-halodienes homopolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/162—Cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
    • B32B2037/243—Coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/10—Batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminum-plastic plate, which comprises an upper aluminum plate, a middle layer and a lower aluminum plate, wherein the middle layer is a high-melting-point polymer layer, an upper adhesive layer and a lower adhesive layer are respectively arranged between the high-melting-point polymer layer and the upper aluminum plate and between the high-melting-point polymer layer and the lower aluminum plate, a layer of silane coupling agent or a processing sand-blasting layer is respectively coated on the contact surface of the upper aluminum plate and the upper adhesive layer and the contact surface of the lower aluminum plate and the lower adhesive layer, the thickness range of the upper aluminum plate and the lower aluminum plate is 0.2-3 mm, the high-melting-point polymer layer is prepared from at least one polymer selected from ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polycarbonate and the like, and the upper adhesive layer and the lower adhesive layer respectively contain epoxy resin or silicone resin. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the aluminum-plastic plate, a photovoltaic module using the aluminum-plastic plate and a preparation method of the photovoltaic module. The aluminum-plastic plate is directly subjected to edge folding processing, the application range of the aluminum-plastic plate is expanded, and the manufacturing and processing cost of the aluminum-plastic plate is reduced.

Description

Aluminum-plastic plate, photovoltaic module and preparation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module preparation, and particularly relates to an aluminum-plastic panel, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method of the aluminum-plastic panel.
Background
The photovoltaic module taking the aluminum-plastic panel as the back panel is light (3.5 kg/m)2~5.5kg/m2) The solar photovoltaic power generation system has the advantages of wide color selectable range, high power generation efficiency, low manufacturing cost and the like, and has great commercial application value. The aluminum-plastic plate is structurally composed of an upper aluminum plate, a middle layer and a lower aluminum alloy plate. The material A-grade fireproof aluminum-plastic plate, particularly the special material A-grade fireproof aluminum-plastic plate and the preparation method thereof are used at present, the flame retardant inorganic magnesium hydroxide is used as the flame retardant, and a high filling technology is adopted, so that the flame retardant has excellent performance, the filling amount in a matrix is up to 80-90% by weight and is far higher than the addition amount of the flame retardant of the like product, the oxygen index of the product is obviously higher than that of the like product, the improvement is realized, the environmental protection and the flame retardant performance are greatly improved, and the product is non-toxic and pollution-free.
The structure of the existing aluminum-plastic panel is respectively from top to bottom: polymer protective film, fluorocarbon/polyester/acrylic acid protective coating, high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum plate, low-density polyethylene/polyvinyl chloride/polypropylene and high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum plate. Because the aluminum-plastic plate is composed of two materials (metal and nonmetal) with different properties, the aluminum-plastic plate not only keeps the main characteristics of the original composition materials (metal aluminum and nonmetal polyethylene plastic), but also overcomes the defects of the original composition materials, thereby obtaining a plurality of excellent material properties, such as luxury, colorful decoration, weather resistance, corrosion resistance, impact resistance, fire resistance, moisture resistance, sound insulation, heat insulation and shock resistance; the aluminum-plastic composite curtain wall has the characteristics of light weight, easiness in processing and forming, easiness in carrying and mounting and the like, has wide application prospect for the aluminum-plastic composite panel, and becomes a representative of metal curtain walls in three curtain walls, namely natural stone, glass curtain walls and metal curtain walls. The continuous hot-sticking composite line is key equipment for forming the aluminum-plastic composite board, and has the function of firmly bonding the aluminum material, the polyethylene core material and the protective film under the action of continuous high heat and high pressure to form a flat board surface.
In the process of preparing the photovoltaic module with the aluminum-plastic panel as the back panel, the melting point of the polyethylene/polyvinyl chloride/polypropylene layer in the middle of the aluminum-plastic panel is low, when the photovoltaic module with the aluminum-plastic panel as the back panel is laminated, the middle low-melting polymer layer is dissolved when the temperature is higher than 90 ℃, and the molten polymer liquid flows into the edge folding groove and is cooled and then connected into a whole. On the other hand, the thin film photovoltaic module is directly deposited on the aluminum-plastic plate, the thin film photovoltaic module replaces fluorocarbon protective paint above the aluminum plate, part of the functional layer can be heated and annealed in the manufacturing process, and the low-melting-point polymer layer in the middle of the aluminum-plastic plate can be dissolved in the manufacturing process to be connected into a whole. For the two common methods for manufacturing photovoltaic modules, the aluminum-plastic panel is required to have the intermediate polymer layer with high melting point, but due to the higher cost of customizing the aluminum-plastic panel, the special purchase of the polyethylene substitute material with high melting point greatly increases the manufacturing cost of the aluminum-plastic panel, thereby preventing the photovoltaic module using the aluminum-plastic panel as the back panel from further commercial application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the aluminum-plastic plate, the photovoltaic module with the aluminum-plastic plate as the back plate and the preparation method thereof are provided, and the problem that the middle layer of the aluminum-plastic plate is heated and bonded together in the lamination or photovoltaic module preparation process, so that the edge folding cannot be carried out is solved.
The invention is realized in such a way, and provides an aluminum-plastic plate which comprises an upper aluminum plate and a lower aluminum plate which are arranged up and down, and an intermediate layer arranged between the upper aluminum plate and the lower aluminum plate, wherein the intermediate layer is a high-melting-point polymer layer, an upper adhesive layer and a lower adhesive layer are respectively arranged between the high-melting-point polymer layer and the upper aluminum plate and between the high-melting-point polymer layer and the lower aluminum plate, a layer of silane coupling agent is respectively coated on the contact surface of the upper aluminum plate and the upper adhesive layer and the contact surface of the lower aluminum plate and the lower adhesive layer, the thickness ranges from 0.2mm to 3mm, and materials for preparing the high-melting-point polymer layer comprise ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyformaldehyde, polystyrene, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polybutylene glycol terephthalate, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polyethylene glycol, One or more polymers selected from polyvinylidene fluoride film, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and polycarbonate, wherein the upper adhesive layer and the lower adhesive layer respectively contain epoxy resin or silicone resin, and the silane coupling agent is any one of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrisilane and gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
The invention is realized in such a way, and also provides an aluminum-plastic plate which comprises an upper aluminum plate and a lower aluminum plate which are arranged up and down, and a middle layer arranged between the upper aluminum plate and the lower aluminum plate, wherein the middle layer is a high-melting-point polymer layer, an upper adhesive layer and a lower adhesive layer are respectively arranged between the high-melting-point polymer layer and the upper aluminum plate and between the high-melting-point polymer layer and the lower aluminum plate, sand blasting layers are attached to the contact surface of the upper aluminum plate and the upper adhesive layer and the contact surface of the lower aluminum plate and the lower adhesive layer, the thicknesses of the upper aluminum plate and the lower aluminum plate are in the range of 0.2 mm-3 mm, and materials for preparing the high-melting-point polymer layer comprise ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyformaldehyde, polystyrene, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, At least one polymer of polyvinylidene fluoride film, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and polycarbonate, and epoxy resin or silicone resin is respectively contained in the upper adhesive layer and the lower adhesive layer.
The invention is realized in such a way, and also provides a preparation method of the aluminum-plastic panel, which comprises the following steps:
granulating waste materials of the polymer for preparing the high-melting-point polymer layer, adding black filler or white filler into a granulating material to prepare color master batches, and extruding the color master batches by using an extruder to obtain the high-melting-point polymer layer;
and step two, respectively laying a lower aluminum plate, a lower adhesive layer, the high-melting-point polymer layer prepared in the step one, the upper adhesive layer and the upper aluminum plate, and then putting the layers together into a laminating machine for laminating and shaping to obtain the finished aluminum-plastic plate.
The invention is realized in such a way, and also provides a photovoltaic module which comprises a photovoltaic cell piece, wherein the photovoltaic cell piece is prepared on the aluminum plastic plate.
The invention is realized in such a way, and also provides a photovoltaic module which comprises a photovoltaic cell piece, wherein the photovoltaic cell piece is prepared on the aluminum-plastic panel prepared by using the preparation method of the aluminum-plastic panel.
The invention is realized in such a way, and also provides a preparation method of the photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, folding the edges of the periphery of the aluminum-plastic panel, wherein the folded edges face downwards;
and 2, laying a layer of lower packaging adhesive film on the top surface of the middle plane of the aluminum-plastic panel, sequentially placing the prepared photovoltaic cell, the upper packaging adhesive film and the upper protective film, and laminating the photovoltaic cell, the upper packaging adhesive film and the upper protective film in a laminating machine to obtain the photovoltaic module with the edge-folded aluminum-plastic panel.
The invention is realized in such a way, and also provides a preparation method of the photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:
step 3, folding the edges of the periphery of the aluminum-plastic panel, wherein the folded edges face downwards;
and 4, directly preparing a protective layer, a photovoltaic cell and an upper protective layer on the top surface of the middle plane of the aluminum-plastic panel in sequence to obtain the photovoltaic module with the aluminum-plastic panel.
Compared with the prior art, the aluminum-plastic panel, the photovoltaic module and the preparation method have the following characteristics:
1. the photovoltaic module prepared by the improved aluminum-plastic plate can be folded directly after lamination, so that the application range of the photovoltaic module is expanded, and the manufacturing and processing cost of the aluminum-plastic plate is reduced.
2. In the prior process of producing the photovoltaic module, waste high-melting-point polymer waste materials such as adhesive film waste materials, protective film waste materials and the like can be generated, the high-melting-point polymer waste materials are recycled, additives such as black filler or white filler and the like are added, the high-temperature fluidity of polymer materials is reduced, the melting point of an intermediate layer of an aluminum-plastic plate is improved, the improved aluminum-plastic plate reduces the production cost to a great extent, and a better solution is provided for the preparation of the photovoltaic module.
3. On the photovoltaic module which uses the improved aluminum-plastic panel as the back panel, as the photovoltaic cell piece can be directly deposited on the aluminum-plastic panel, the color of the colored solar cell can be changed, and the original colored fluorocarbon resin, acrylic resin and other protective coatings of the aluminum-plastic panel can be directly replaced, so that the aluminum-plastic panel capable of generating electricity is obtained, and the commercial application of the aluminum-plastic panel is widened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of an aluminum-plastic panel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another preferred embodiment of an aluminum-plastic panel according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of an aluminum-plastic panel a of the present invention comprises an upper aluminum plate 1 and a lower aluminum plate 2 disposed on top of each other, and an intermediate layer disposed between the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2, wherein the intermediate layer is a high melting point polymer layer 3 (melting point greater than 100 ℃). An upper adhesive layer 4 and a lower adhesive layer 5 are also respectively arranged between the high-melting-point polymer layer 3 and the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2. And a layer of silane coupling agent 6 is respectively coated on the contact surface of the upper aluminum plate 1 and the upper adhesive layer 4 and the contact surface of the lower aluminum plate 2 and the lower adhesive layer 5.
The thickness range of the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2 is 0.2 mm-3 mm, and the material for preparing the high-melting-point polymer layer 3 comprises at least one polymer of ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyformaldehyde, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride film, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and polycarbonate. The upper adhesive layer 4 and the lower adhesive layer 5 contain epoxy resin or silicone resin, respectively.
The silane coupling agent 6 is any one of vinyl triethoxysilane, vinyl trimethoxysilane, vinyl tri (methoxyethoxy) silane and gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. And baking the coated silane coupling agent 6 under an infrared lamp for 10min for later use.
The thickness of the high-melting-point polymer layer 3 is 0.3 mm-5 mm.
The aluminum-plastic panel A can be folded or bent. And preparing the foldable edge aluminum-plastic plate by using a mechanical grooving mode.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, another preferred embodiment of an aluminum-plastic panel a of the present invention is mainly different from embodiment 1 in that: a sand blasting layer 7 made of any one of alumina, silica and silicon carbide is attached to the contact surface of the upper aluminum plate 1 and the upper adhesive layer 4 and the contact surface of the lower aluminum plate 2 and the lower adhesive layer 5. The material of the sand blasting layer 7 is any one of alumina, silicon dioxide and silicon carbide, and the thickness of the sand blasting layer is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm.
The other structures are the same as those of embodiment 1 and are not described again.
In examples 1 and 2, in the aluminum-plastic panel a, the coating of the silane coupling agent, the sandblasting of the surfaces of the upper aluminum panel 1 and the lower aluminum panel 2, and the provision of the upper and lower adhesive layers are all advantageous to improve the adhesion between the aluminum panel and the high-melting polymer and the adhesive, so that the aluminum panel and the polymer are not delaminated and peeled.
Example 3
The preferred embodiment of the aluminum-plastic panel a of the invention 3 is different from the embodiments 1 and 2 mainly in that: the material for preparing the high-melting-point polymer layer 3 comprises at least one polymer waste material selected from ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyformaldehyde, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride film, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and polycarbonate, and also comprises black filler or white filler, wherein the black filler is carbon black, and the white filler is at least one selected from titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, talcum powder, kaolin, porous silica, white carbon black, mica powder, wollastonite and bentonite.
The high-melting-point polymer layer is prepared by utilizing the high-melting-point polymer waste, the waste is recycled, and additives such as black filler or white filler are added, so that the flowability of the polymer material at high temperature is reduced, the melting point of the middle layer of the aluminum-plastic panel A is improved, and the production cost of the improved aluminum-plastic panel A is reduced to a great extent.
Other structures are the same as those in embodiments 1 and 2, respectively, and are not described again.
Example 4
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the aluminum-plastic panel A as described in embodiment 3, which comprises the following steps:
granulating the waste material of the polymer for preparing the high-melting-point polymer layer, adding black filler or white filler into the granulated material to prepare color master batches, and extruding the color master batches by using an extruder to obtain the high-melting-point polymer layer 3.
And step two, respectively laying a lower aluminum plate 2, a lower adhesive layer 5, the high-melting-point polymer layer 3 prepared in the step one, an upper adhesive layer 4 and an upper aluminum plate 1, and then putting the layers together into a laminating machine for laminating and shaping to obtain a finished product of the aluminum-plastic plate A.
The invention recycles the waste of the polymer with high melting point, and adds additives such as black filler or white filler, thereby reducing the fluidity of the polymer material at high temperature, improving the melting point of the middle layer of the aluminum-plastic panel, greatly reducing the production cost of the improved aluminum-plastic panel, and providing a better solution for the preparation of the photovoltaic module.
Example 5
The invention also discloses a photovoltaic module B, which comprises a photovoltaic cell sheet 8, wherein the photovoltaic cell sheet 8 is prepared on the aluminum-plastic panel A as described in the previous embodiments 1 to 3.
Example 6
The invention also discloses another photovoltaic module B, which comprises a photovoltaic cell sheet 8, wherein the photovoltaic cell sheet 8 is prepared on the aluminum-plastic panel A prepared by using the preparation method of the aluminum-plastic panel in the embodiment 4.
In examples 5 and 6, the photovoltaic cell sheet 8 includes any one type of perovskite solar cell sheet, dye-sensitized solar cell sheet, organic solar cell sheet, polymer solar cell sheet, crystalline silicon solar cell sheet, cadmium telluride solar cell sheet, and copper indium gallium selenide solar cell sheet. The photovoltaic cell 8 is prepared on the aluminum-plastic panel a in two ways: the first way is to combine the prepared photovoltaic cell slice 8 and the aluminum-plastic panel a through lamination, and the second way is to prepare the photovoltaic cell slice 8 directly on the aluminum-plastic panel a. The following description will be made by way of specific examples.
Example 7
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the photovoltaic module B as described in the previous embodiment 5 and embodiment 6, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, folding the edges of the periphery of the aluminum-plastic panel A, wherein the folded edges face downwards.
And 2, laying a layer of lower packaging adhesive film 9 on the top surface of the middle plane of the aluminum-plastic panel A, sequentially placing the prepared photovoltaic cell 8, the upper packaging adhesive film 10 and the upper protective film 11, and laminating in a laminating machine to obtain the photovoltaic module B with the edge-folded aluminum-plastic panel, wherein the laminating temperature is 100-150 ℃, the pressure is 50-90 kPa, and the laminating time is 5-15 min.
The aluminum-plastic panel A with the direct edge folding is used, so that the production cost is reduced, and the attractiveness of the photovoltaic module is improved.
Example 8
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the photovoltaic module B as described in the previous embodiment 5 and embodiment 6, which comprises the following steps:
and 3, folding the edges of the periphery of the aluminum-plastic plate A downwards.
And 4, directly preparing a lower protective layer, a photovoltaic cell and an upper protective layer on the top surface of the middle plane of the aluminum-plastic panel A in sequence to obtain the photovoltaic assembly with the flanged aluminum-plastic panel.
Example 9
Referring to fig. 3, the invention also discloses a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module B, which comprises the following steps:
step 11, mixing the high-melting-point polymer wastes POE and PVDF with a white titanium dioxide filler in a weight ratio of 2:1: 0.2. And (5) feeding the mixture into a granulator to obtain white color master batches. The white color master batch was extruded into a sheet form using an extruder to obtain a white high melting polymer layer having a thickness of 3 mm.
And step 12, cleaning the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2 (the thickness is 0.8mm respectively) by using acetone and deionized water, drying, spraying a layer of vinyl trimethoxy silane on the bonding surfaces of the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2 and the polymer, and heating in an infrared oven for 10min at the temperature of 200 ℃.
And step 13, respectively spraying a layer of epoxy resin on the polymer bonding surfaces of the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2 to serve as an upper bonding layer and a lower bonding layer, then laying a layer of the white high-melting-point polymer layer 3 prepared in the step 11 between the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2, and laminating the white high-melting-point polymer layer 3 and the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2 in a laminating machine to bond the white high-melting-point polymer layer 3 and the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2 to form the aluminum-plastic plate A.
And 14, bending the aluminum-plastic plate A. The bending process comprises slotting and flanging. The depth of the grooving did not damage the opposite lower aluminium sheet 2 and left a layer 3 of high melting polymer at least 0.3mm thick. The bending angle is 0-180 degrees, and in the embodiment, the bending angle is 90 degrees.
And step 15, laying POE adhesive films as a lower packaging adhesive film 9, perovskite photovoltaic cell pieces as photovoltaic cell pieces 8, POE adhesive films as an upper packaging adhesive film 10 and a front PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) protective film as an upper protective film 11 on the front surface of the edge-folded aluminum-plastic panel A in sequence, and laminating the POE adhesive films, the perovskite photovoltaic cell pieces and the PVDF protective film together in a laminating machine at the temperature of 100 ℃, the pressure of 50Kpa and the time of 5 min. And finally obtaining the perovskite photovoltaic module containing the folded aluminum-plastic panel A.
Example 10
Referring to fig. 3, the invention also discloses another method for preparing a photovoltaic module B, which comprises the following steps:
and step 21, mixing the high-melting-point polymer waste POE and the polyurethane with black filler carbon black in a weight ratio of 1:1: 0.5. And (5) feeding the mixture into a granulator to obtain black color master batches. The black masterbatch was extruded into a sheet shape using an extruder to obtain a black high melting point polymer layer 3 having a thickness of 3 mm.
And step 22, cleaning the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2 (the thickness is 0.8mm respectively) by using acetone and deionized water, drying, and spraying a layer of aluminum oxide on the bonding surfaces of the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2 and the polymer to serve as a sand blasting layer.
And 23, respectively spraying a layer of silicone resin on the polymer bonding surfaces of the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2 to serve as an upper bonding layer and a lower bonding layer, then laying a layer of the black high-melting-point polymer layer 3 prepared in the step 21 between the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2, and laminating in a laminating machine to bond the black high-melting-point polymer layer 3 with the upper aluminum plate 1 and the lower aluminum plate 2 to form the aluminum-plastic plate A.
And 24, bending the aluminum-plastic plate A. The bending process comprises slotting and flanging. The depth of the grooving did not damage the opposite lower aluminium sheet 2 and left a layer 3 of high melting polymer at least 0.3mm thick. The bending angle is 0-180 degrees, and in the embodiment, the bending angle is 90 degrees.
And 25, laying an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) adhesive film serving as a lower packaging adhesive film 9, a crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell sheet serving as a photovoltaic cell sheet 8, an EVA adhesive film serving as an upper packaging adhesive film 10 and a front PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) protective film serving as an upper protective film 11 on the front surface of the edge-folded aluminum-plastic panel A respectively, and laminating the EVA adhesive films and the front PVDF protective film in a laminating machine at the temperature of 120 ℃, the pressure of 50Kpa and the time of 5 min. Finally obtaining the crystal silicon photovoltaic module containing the flanged aluminum-plastic panel A.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The aluminum-plastic plate comprises an upper aluminum plate and a lower aluminum plate which are arranged from top to bottom, and an intermediate layer arranged between the upper aluminum plate and the lower aluminum plate, and is characterized in that the intermediate layer is a high-melting-point polymer layer, an upper adhesive layer and a lower adhesive layer are also arranged between the high-melting-point polymer layer and the upper aluminum plate and between the high-melting-point polymer layer and the lower aluminum plate respectively, a layer of silane coupling agent is coated on the contact surface of the upper aluminum plate and the upper adhesive layer and on the contact surface of the lower aluminum plate and the lower adhesive layer respectively, the thickness ranges of the upper aluminum plate and the lower aluminum plate are 0.2 mm-3 mm, and materials for preparing the high-melting-point polymer layer comprise ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyformaldehyde, polystyrene, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polybutylene glycol terephthalate and polybutylene glycol terephthalate, The adhesive comprises a polyvinylidene fluoride film, an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and polycarbonate, wherein at least one polymer of the polyvinylidene fluoride film, the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and the polycarbonate respectively contains epoxy resin or silicone resin in an upper adhesive layer and a lower adhesive layer, and the silane coupling agent is any one of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrisilane and gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
2. The aluminum-plastic plate comprises an upper aluminum plate and a lower aluminum plate which are arranged from top to bottom, and an intermediate layer arranged between the upper aluminum plate and the lower aluminum plate, and is characterized in that the intermediate layer is a high-melting-point polymer layer, an upper adhesive layer and a lower adhesive layer are also arranged between the high-melting-point polymer layer and the upper aluminum plate and between the high-melting-point polymer layer and the lower aluminum plate respectively, sand blasting layers are attached to the contact surface of the upper aluminum plate and the upper adhesive layer and the contact surface of the lower aluminum plate and the lower adhesive layer, the thickness ranges of the upper aluminum plate and the lower aluminum plate are 0.2 mm-3 mm, and materials for preparing the high-melting-point polymer layer comprise ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyformaldehyde, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride film, At least one polymer of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and polycarbonate, and epoxy resin or silicone resin is respectively contained in the upper adhesive layer and the lower adhesive layer.
3. The aluminum-plastic panel of claim 1 or 2, wherein the material for preparing the high melting point polymer layer comprises at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyethyleneimine, polyisobutylene, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, polyoxymethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride film, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polycarbonate, and black filler or white filler, wherein the black filler is carbon black, and the white filler is at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, talc, kaolin, porous silica, white carbon black, mica powder, wollastonite, and bentonite.
4. The aluminum-plastic panel of claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the high melting point polymer layer is 0.3mm to 5 mm.
5. An aluminium-plastic panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aluminium-plastic panel is hemmed or bent.
6. A method for preparing an aluminum-plastic panel according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:
granulating waste materials of the polymer for preparing the high-melting-point polymer layer, adding black filler or white filler into a granulating material to prepare color master batches, and extruding the color master batches by using an extruder to obtain the high-melting-point polymer layer;
and step two, respectively laying a lower aluminum plate, a lower adhesive layer, the high-melting-point polymer layer prepared in the step one, the upper adhesive layer and the upper aluminum plate, and then putting the layers together into a laminating machine for laminating and shaping to obtain the finished aluminum-plastic plate.
7. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that the photovoltaic module comprises a photovoltaic cell sheet, and the photovoltaic cell sheet is prepared on the aluminum-plastic panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A photovoltaic module comprising a photovoltaic cell sheet prepared on an aluminum-plastic panel prepared using the method for preparing an aluminum-plastic panel according to claim 6.
9. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
step 1, folding the edges of the periphery of the aluminum-plastic panel, wherein the folded edges face downwards;
and 2, laying a layer of lower packaging adhesive film on the top surface of the middle plane of the aluminum-plastic panel, sequentially placing the prepared photovoltaic cell, the upper packaging adhesive film and the upper protective film, and laminating the photovoltaic cell, the upper packaging adhesive film and the upper protective film in a laminating machine to obtain the photovoltaic module with the edge-folded aluminum-plastic panel.
10. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
step 3, folding the edges of the periphery of the aluminum-plastic panel, wherein the folded edges face downwards;
and 4, directly preparing a lower protective layer, a photovoltaic cell and an upper protective layer on the top surface of the middle plane of the aluminum-plastic panel in sequence to obtain the photovoltaic assembly with the flanged aluminum-plastic panel.
CN202010956609.1A 2020-09-11 2020-09-11 Aluminum-plastic plate, photovoltaic module and preparation method Pending CN114248509A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024052729A1 (en) * 2022-09-09 2024-03-14 ابوعرقوب، عبدالسلام Electrical distribution box

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024052729A1 (en) * 2022-09-09 2024-03-14 ابوعرقوب، عبدالسلام Electrical distribution box

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