CN114247944B - Direct writing type micro electrochemical machining method and device with concentrated field - Google Patents
Direct writing type micro electrochemical machining method and device with concentrated field Download PDFInfo
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- CN114247944B CN114247944B CN202210019457.1A CN202210019457A CN114247944B CN 114247944 B CN114247944 B CN 114247944B CN 202210019457 A CN202210019457 A CN 202210019457A CN 114247944 B CN114247944 B CN 114247944B
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011177 media preparation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 6
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 NaNO 3 Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/08—Working media
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/10—Supply or regeneration of working media
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct writing type micro electrolytic machining method and a device in a field set, wherein the method comprises the following steps: clamping a workpiece on a workbench through a clamping mechanism; the high polymer particles are placed in an electrolyte preparation mechanism, and the high polymer particles are dissolved, diluted and mixed by the electrolyte preparation mechanism to form a viscous electrolyte; guiding the tail end of the conveying pipe to the upper part of the workpiece through a position adjusting mechanism; conveying a viscous electrolyte medium to a workpiece through a conveying pipe, wherein the electrolyte medium stands on the workpiece; the tool is driven to move to the upper part of the workpiece through the main shaft driving mechanism, so that the tool is inserted into the electrolytic medium; adjusting the distance between the tool and the workpiece; and (5) switching on a power supply and carrying out electrolytic machining on the surface of the workpiece. The invention uses high polymer material as the component of electrolyte, controls the flow characteristic of electrolyte, improves the concentrated corrosion capability, reduces the stray corrosion, and realizes the direct effect of field concentration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrolytic machining method and device, in particular to a direct writing type micro electrolytic machining method and device with concentrated field.
Background
Electrolytic machining is a special machining method for machining and forming a workpiece by utilizing the principle that metal is electrochemically anode dissolved in electrolyte. Electrolyte flows through the gap between the two electrodes to form a conductive path between the two electrodes, and current is generated under the power supply voltage, so that electrochemical anode dissolution is formed, finally the gap between the two electrodes tends to be consistent, and the surface of the workpiece is formed into a shape basically similar to the working surface of a tool.
The medium plays a role in participating in electrochemical reaction, dissolving materials, maintaining processing stability, taking away processed products and the like, so that the medium plays an important role in electrolytic processing, and the choice of electrolyte depends on various factors such as the type of processed materials, pollution to the environment, processing sustainability and the like. The most commonly used electrolytes at present are neutral salt solutions and weakly acidic solutions. Neutral salt solution is divided intoPassivation type and non-passivation type salt solution, wherein the passivation type salt solution contains oxidation anions such as NaNO 3 、NaClO 3 An oxide film is formed during processing to reduce dissolution of the workpiece in the stray current region, whereas non-passivating salt solutions contain aggressive ions such as NaCl, which are of good quality but less localized. The use of an acidic electrolyte can reduce the deposition layer during processing, but the acidic electrolyte has high requirements on electrode materials. There are also some environment friendly electrolyte media such as water, citric acid, etc.
In the prior art, the corrosion coefficient of the surface texture is used as an evaluation index of processing locality, and the adoption of a nonlinear electrolyte to improve the locality of the electrolytic transfer processing surface texture is proposed. And the current efficiency curve of the nonlinear electrolyte sodium nitrate solution is measured through experiments, and an interelectrode electric field theoretical model is established. Simulation and test results show that the adoption of the nonlinear electrolyte for electrolytic machining can effectively reduce lateral corrosion and improve the localization of electrolytic machining. Chen Gongyu et al discuss the effect of colloidal stabilizers and other additives by utilizing the characteristics and processes of silica sol and fumed silica, and initially compare the results of processing different colloidal electrolytes.
In addition, the direct writing type structure manufacturing of metal materials is carried out by jet electrolysis processing, electrolyte is sprayed to the surface of a workpiece through a high-pressure pump and a special spray head at a certain pressure, an electrolysis power supply is connected to the workpiece and the spray head, a certain electric field is generated in a processing area, and the processing mode is carried out by an electrolysis principle.
In the processing method, the workpiece is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, the tool is connected with the negative electrode, and a small gap is kept between the two electrodes. No matter nonlinear electrolyte or jet electrolysis, the workpiece or the processing area is soaked in the electrolyte due to the fluid characteristic of the electrolyte in the processing process, at the moment, the soaked area is subjected to the influence of an electric field to remove materials, so that stray corrosion is caused, the processing precision is low, the effective utilization rate of energy is reduced, the current efficiency is low, and precise processing is not easy to realize. And the flow of the electrolyte is difficult to control, the traditional electrolyte has corrosion effect on equipment and tools, the equipment is required to be frequently maintained, and the manufacturing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a direct writing type micro-electrochemical machining method in concentrated field, which takes a high polymer material as a main component of an electrolyte medium, can effectively control the flow characteristic of the electrolyte, improve the concentrated corrosion (localized capability), reduce stray corrosion and realize the direct effect in concentrated field.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a direct writing type micro electrochemical machining device with concentrated field.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a direct writing type micro electrochemical machining method in a field set comprises the following steps:
clamping a workpiece on a workbench through a clamping mechanism;
placing high polymer particles in an electrolytic medium preparation mechanism, and dissolving, diluting and fully mixing the high polymer particles by an ultrasonic vibration module, a magnetic stirring module, a diluting module and a colloid suction module to form a viscous liquid electrolytic medium;
the tail end of the conveying pipe is guided to the position right above the workpiece through the position adjusting mechanism;
conveying a viscous liquid electrolytic medium to a workpiece through a conveying pipe, wherein the liquid electrolytic medium stands on the workpiece;
the tool is driven to move to the upper part of the workpiece through the main shaft driving mechanism, and the distance between the tool and the workpiece is adjusted, so that the bottom of the tool is contacted with the top of the electrolyte, and the tool and the workpiece are electrically conducted;
and (3) switching on a power supply to form an electric field between the tool and the workpiece, and performing direct writing type electrolytic machining on the surface of the workpiece according to the characteristics of the high polymer electrolyte.
In a preferred scheme of the invention, in an electric field between the tool and the workpiece, the high polymer electrolyte medium utilizes a chain-shaped or net-shaped structure of the high polymer electrolyte medium to restrict the electric field in the electric field and has a bridging effect on the flow of current, so that electrochemical corrosion is generated on the surface of the workpiece, and low-current and low-power electrolytic machining is realized.
A direct writing type micro electrolytic machining device with concentrated field comprises a workbench, a clamping mechanism for clamping a workpiece, a main shaft driving mechanism for driving a tool to move to the upper part of the workpiece and an electrolytic medium supply mechanism for supplying a polymer electrolytic medium;
the clamping mechanism is arranged on the workbench;
the electrolytic medium supply mechanism comprises an electrolytic medium preparation mechanism and an electrolytic medium conveying mechanism, and the electrolytic medium preparation mechanism comprises an ultrasonic vibration module, a magnetic stirring module, a diluting module and a colloid suction module;
the electrolyte conveying mechanism comprises a conveying pipe and a position adjusting mechanism for adjusting the tail end position of the conveying pipe, wherein the head end of the conveying pipe is connected to the electrolyte preparation mechanism, and the tail end of the conveying pipe is connected to the driving end of the position adjusting mechanism.
The working principle of the direct writing type micro electrochemical machining device in the concentrated field is as follows:
during working, a workpiece is clamped on a workbench through a clamping mechanism; the high polymer particles are placed in an electrolyte preparation mechanism, the preparation, dilution and full mixing of the high polymer electrolyte with different types and proportions are realized by an ultrasonic vibration module, a magnetic stirring module, a dilution module and a colloid suction module, the physical properties and the processing effects of the high polymer electrolyte with different types and proportions are different, and the high polymer with different proportions is controlled to form a viscous liquid electrolyte.
The tail end of the conveying pipe is guided to the position right above the workpiece through the position adjusting mechanism, and then the viscous liquid electrolyte is conveyed to the workpiece through the conveying pipe; the tool is driven to move to the upper part of the workpiece through the main shaft driving mechanism, so that the tool is inserted into the electrolytic medium; and adjusting the distance between the tool and the workpiece to realize the electrical conduction between the tool and the workpiece.
And finally, switching on a power supply to form an electric field between the tool and the workpiece, and performing direct-writing electrolytic machining on the surface of the workpiece according to the characteristics of the high polymer electrolyte.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the position adjustment mechanism is constituted by a spindle drive mechanism; the tail end of the conveying pipe and the tool are connected to the tail end driving end of the spindle driving mechanism. Therefore, the conveying of the electrolytic medium is finished firstly, and then the distance between the tool and the workpiece is adjusted, and the driving mechanism is shared, so that the structure is simplified, and the production cost is reduced.
The invention further comprises a rotary platform and a micro three-dimensional motion platform, wherein the rotary platform is arranged on the micro three-dimensional motion platform, and the micro three-dimensional motion platform is arranged on the workbench; the clamping mechanism is arranged on the rotary platform. Through the structure, the workpiece can accurately move in a directional manner, the relative position of the workpiece and a tool is ensured, the mixed colloid is accurately placed on the workpiece before processing, five-axis linkage can be realized, and direct writing type forming electrolytic processing on the surface of the complex workpiece is realized.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises a processing groove, and the clamping mechanism is disposed in the processing groove. Through setting up the processing groove, can carry out interim collection and deposit to the electrolyte after the processing, avoid the electrolyte to flow everywhere.
Further, the processing tank is disposed on a rotary platform.
According to a preferred scheme of the invention, the electrolytic machining control system further comprises an integrated control cabinet, wherein the integrated control cabinet integrates a control program of the whole electrolytic machining, and can ensure the operation of all processes.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises a machining power source, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the machining power source are connected with the workpiece and the tool through wires, respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention uses high polymer material as main component of electrolyte medium in micro electrolytic process, and uses micro electrolyte medium as intermediate material in direct writing electrolytic process, to effectively control flow property of electrolyte, improve concentrated corrosion (localized ability), reduce stray corrosion, and realize direct effect of concentrated field.
2. The chain-shaped and net-shaped structures special for the high-molecular polymer have bridging effect on energy transmission in the processing process, also have constraint effect on electrolyte in the solution, are beneficial to improving current density and energy transmission in a region, can limit the distribution of the field flowing to a workpiece along the limiting and conducting effects of the current in the chain-shaped and net-shaped structures of the high-molecular polymer, and are used for carrying out local dissolution processing on the workpiece, so that the method is a micro electrolytic processing method with high capacity utilization rate and environment friendliness.
3. The flow characteristics of the electrolyte in the processing process can be controlled by utilizing the special chain-shaped and net-shaped structures of the formed non-Newtonian fluid electrolyte medium and the high polymer, so that the electrolyte is not scattered in a processing area like a common electrolyte, the flow of the electrolyte is limited, the generated electric field range is controlled, only the generated electric field range is condensed in a locally required range, the high concentration of the current density is realized, the processing range can be controlled, the electric field distribution is restrained, and the effect of field concentration is formed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a state of the art processing diagram of an electrolyte medium, where a is a conventional electrolyte.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a field-focused direct-write micro-electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a process state diagram of the polymer electrolyte medium of the present invention, wherein d is the polymer electrolyte.
Fig. 4 is an energy transmission state diagram of the polymer electrolyte medium of the present invention, wherein b is a polymer chain or network structure, and c is a current flow in processing.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will well understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following describes the present invention further with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the field-concentrated direct-writing type micro-electrochemical machining device of the present embodiment includes a workbench 1, a clamping mechanism 3 for clamping a workpiece 2, a spindle driving mechanism 5 for driving a tool 4 to move above the workpiece 2, an electrolyte supply mechanism 6 for supplying a polymer electrolyte, a machining power supply 7, and an integrated control cabinet 8.
The clamping mechanism 3 is arranged on the workbench 1, and specifically, the clamping mechanism 3 can adopt a structure in the prior art.
The electrolytic medium supply mechanism 6 comprises an electrolytic medium preparation mechanism and an electrolytic medium conveying mechanism, wherein the electrolytic medium preparation mechanism comprises an ultrasonic vibration module, a magnetic stirring module, a diluting module and a colloid suction module; the electrolyte conveying mechanism comprises a conveying pipe 9 and a position adjusting mechanism for adjusting the tail end position of the conveying pipe 9, wherein the head end of the conveying pipe 9 is connected to the electrolyte preparing mechanism, and the tail end of the conveying pipe is connected to the driving end of the position adjusting mechanism.
Referring to fig. 2-4, the integrated control cabinet 8 integrates the control program of the whole electrolytic processing, and can ensure the operation of all processes.
Referring to fig. 2-4, the positive and negative poles of the machining power supply 7 are connected to the workpiece 2 and the tool 4, respectively, by wires.
Referring to fig. 2-4, the position adjustment mechanism is constituted by a spindle drive mechanism 5; the end of the conveying pipe 9 and the tool 4 are connected to the end driving end of the spindle driving mechanism 5. In this way, the conveying of the electrolytic medium is finished firstly, and then the distance between the tool 4 and the workpiece 2 is adjusted, and the driving mechanism is shared, so that the structure is simplified, and the production cost is reduced.
In particular, the spindle drive 5 may be of a prior art construction, such as a multi-axis machine tool.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the rotary platform 10 and the micro three-dimensional motion platform 11 of the present embodiment, the rotary platform 10 is disposed on the micro three-dimensional motion platform 11, and the micro three-dimensional motion platform 11 is disposed on the workbench 1; the clamping mechanism 3 is arranged on the rotary platform 10. Through the structure, the workpiece 2 can accurately move in a directional manner, the relative position of the workpiece 2 and the tool 4 is ensured, the mixed colloid is accurately placed on the workpiece 2 before processing, five-axis linkage can be realized, and direct-writing type forming electrolytic processing on the surface of the complex workpiece 2 is realized.
Referring to fig. 2-4, the embodiment further includes a processing groove 12, and the clamping mechanism 3 is disposed in the processing groove 12. By providing the processing tank 12, the processed electrolytic medium can be temporarily collected and stored, and the electrolytic medium is prevented from flowing around.
Further, the processing tank 12 is provided on the rotary table 10.
Since there are many kinds of high molecular polymers, this example is explained with one of the high molecular polymers (polyacrylamide) pair:
polyacrylamide (PAM) is a polymer polymerized from monomeric Acrylamide (AM), is an aqueous polymer, contains hydrophilic amide groups, and is easily dissolved in water to form hydrogel. The polyacrylamide hydrogel (polyacrylamide hydrogel, PAHG) is a three-dimensional structure with macromolecular structures arranged into a net shape, is colorless, odorless, transparent and uniform jelly-like, and has a pH value of 6.7-9.0. PAHG has the characteristic of strong hydrophilicity due to the existence of the hydrophilic group of acrylamide, and the three-dimensional network structure of polymer molecules ensures that the PAHG has insoluble and swelling shape stability. The PAHG has the advantages of no change of chemical structure and no decomposition to generate monomer acrylamide at normal temperature and 37 ℃, and is not easy to deform, stable in volume and not influenced by temperature and atmospheric pressure changes, thus being a high polymer material with stable chemical properties.
The PAM is hydrolyzed to form a high polyelectrolyte of a non-Newtonian fluid, wherein the non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid which does not meet Newtonian viscosity experimental law, the shear stress and the shear strain rate of the fluid are not in a linear relation, and the non-Newtonian fluid has special rheological properties such as shear thickening, shear thinning, thixotropic property, existence of yield stress and the like. Because of double bonds and amide bonds of the monomer acrylamide, hydrolysis, acylation and olefine alcoholysis of an amide group occur in the polymerization process; the chain transfer of the chain free radical generates crosslinking, so that the PAM macromolecule structure comprises a branched chain and an imine bridge as main crosslinking structures. The viscosity of the aqueous polyacrylamide solution increases with increasing molecular weight of the polymer and is logarithmic with the change in concentration of the polymer. As electrolyte solution, non-Newtonian fluid has higher current density and viscosity than the traditional electrolyte solution, and the flow characteristics can be controlled by controlling the blending proportion and the variety, so that the electrolytic localization can be greatly improved, and the structural characteristics of the non-Newtonian fluid have positive effects on the energy utilization rate in processing.
The flow characteristics of the electrolyte in the processing process can be controlled by utilizing the special chain-shaped and net-shaped structures of the formed non-Newtonian fluid electrolyte medium and the high polymer, so that the electrolyte is not scattered in a processing area like a common electrolyte and is only condensed in a required range (shown in figure 1), the processing range can be controlled, the electric field distribution is restrained, and the effect of field concentration is formed.
Referring to fig. 2-4, the direct writing type micro-electro-machining method in the field set of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
clamping the workpiece 2 on the workbench 1 through the clamping mechanism 3;
placing high polymer particles in an electrolytic medium preparation mechanism, and dissolving, diluting and fully mixing the high polymer particles by an ultrasonic vibration module, a magnetic stirring module, a diluting module and a colloid suction module to form a viscous liquid electrolytic medium;
the end of the conveying pipe 9 is guided to the position right above the workpiece 2 by a position adjusting mechanism;
a viscous liquid electrolytic medium is conveyed to the workpiece 2 through a conveying pipe 9, and the liquid electrolytic medium stands on the workpiece 2;
the tool 4 is driven to move to the upper part of the workpiece 2 through the main shaft driving mechanism 5, and the distance between the tool 4 and the workpiece 2 is adjusted, so that the bottom of the tool 4 is contacted with the top of an electrolyte, and the tool 4 and the workpiece 2 are electrically communicated;
when the power supply is turned on, an electric field is formed between the tool 4 and the workpiece 2, and direct writing electrolytic machining is performed on the surface of the workpiece 2 according to the characteristics of the polymer electrolyte.
Wherein, in the electric field between the tool 4 and the workpiece 2, the polymer electrolyte utilizes the chain or net structure thereof to restrict the electric field in the electric field and bridge the current flow, thereby generating electrochemical corrosion on the surface of the workpiece 2 and realizing low-current and low-power electrolytic machining.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The direct writing type micro electrolytic machining device is characterized by comprising a workbench, a clamping mechanism for clamping a workpiece, a main shaft driving mechanism for driving a tool to move to the upper part of the workpiece, an electrolytic medium supply mechanism for supplying a polymer electrolytic medium and a machining power supply;
the clamping mechanism is arranged on the workbench;
the electrolytic medium supply mechanism comprises an electrolytic medium preparation mechanism and an electrolytic medium conveying mechanism, the electrolytic medium conveying mechanism comprises a conveying pipe and a position adjusting mechanism for adjusting the tail end position of the conveying pipe, the head end of the conveying pipe is connected to the electrolytic medium preparation mechanism, the tail end of the conveying pipe is connected to the driving end of the position adjusting mechanism, the position adjusting mechanism is composed of a main shaft driving mechanism, and the tail end of the conveying pipe and the tool are vertically and downwards connected to the tail end driving end of the main shaft driving mechanism;
the high polymer particles are placed in an electrolyte preparation mechanism, and are dissolved, diluted and fully mixed by the electrolyte preparation mechanism to form a viscous liquid electrolyte;
the tail end of the conveying pipe is guided to the position right above the workpiece through the position adjusting mechanism;
conveying a viscous liquid electrolytic medium to a workpiece through a conveying pipe, wherein the liquid electrolytic medium stands on the workpiece;
the tool is driven to move to the upper part of the workpiece through the main shaft driving mechanism, so that the tool is inserted into the electrolytic medium;
the workbench is provided with a micro three-dimensional motion platform, the micro three-dimensional motion platform is provided with a rotary platform, and the clamping mechanism is arranged on the rotary platform;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the processing power supply are respectively connected with the workpiece and the tool through wires.
2. The field focused direct-write micro electrochemical machining apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte preparation mechanism comprises an ultrasonic vibration module, a magnetic stirring module, a dilution module, and a colloid suction module.
3. The field focused direct-write micro electrochemical machining apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a machining tank, wherein the clamping mechanism is disposed in the machining tank.
4. The field focused direct-write micro electrochemical machining apparatus of claim 3, wherein the machining tank is disposed on a rotating platform.
5. The field-focused direct-write micro-electrochemical machining apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an integrated control cabinet integrating control programs of all electrochemical machining.
6. A direct-write type micro-electrochemical machining method applied to the direct-write type micro-electrochemical machining device in a field set as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the steps of:
clamping a workpiece on a workbench through a clamping mechanism;
the high polymer particles are placed in an electrolyte preparation mechanism, and are dissolved, diluted and fully mixed by the electrolyte preparation mechanism to form a viscous liquid electrolyte;
the tail end of the conveying pipe is guided to the position right above the workpiece through the position adjusting mechanism;
conveying a viscous liquid electrolytic medium to a workpiece through a conveying pipe, wherein the liquid electrolytic medium stands on the workpiece;
the tool is driven to move to the upper part of the workpiece through the main shaft driving mechanism, so that the tool is inserted into the electrolytic medium; the distance between the tool and the workpiece is adjusted, so that the tool and the workpiece are electrically communicated;
and (3) switching on a power supply to form an electric field between the tool and the workpiece, and performing direct writing type electrolytic machining on the surface of the workpiece according to the characteristics of the high polymer electrolyte.
7. The method of direct-writing micro-electrochemical machining in a concentrated field according to claim 6, wherein the polymer electrolyte medium uses its chain or net structure in the electric field between the tool and the workpiece, and constrains the electric field in the electric field and bridges the flow of current, thereby generating electrochemical corrosion on the surface of the workpiece, and realizing electrolytic machining.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210019457.1A CN114247944B (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2022-01-07 | Direct writing type micro electrochemical machining method and device with concentrated field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210019457.1A CN114247944B (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2022-01-07 | Direct writing type micro electrochemical machining method and device with concentrated field |
Publications (2)
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| CN101415807A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2009-04-22 | 新日本石油株式会社 | Polyfunctional hydrocarbon oil composition |
| CN102498168A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-06-13 | 旭化成电子材料株式会社 | Electrolyte emulsion and process for producing same |
| CN107641170A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-30 | 贵州理工学院 | Polymer emulsion, preparation method and the aqueous binder of preparation, method and application |
| CN109249098A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-22 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of electrolysis electric discharge machining apparatus |
| CN111922460A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-13 | 广东工业大学 | Electrolytic texturing method for surface of metal material |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101415807A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2009-04-22 | 新日本石油株式会社 | Polyfunctional hydrocarbon oil composition |
| CN102498168A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-06-13 | 旭化成电子材料株式会社 | Electrolyte emulsion and process for producing same |
| CN107641170A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-30 | 贵州理工学院 | Polymer emulsion, preparation method and the aqueous binder of preparation, method and application |
| CN109249098A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-22 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of electrolysis electric discharge machining apparatus |
| CN111922460A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-13 | 广东工业大学 | Electrolytic texturing method for surface of metal material |
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Application publication date: 20220329 Assignee: Heyuan tianzhili Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL University Contract record no.: X2024980002221 Denomination of invention: A direct writing micro electrochemical machining method and device with field concentration Granted publication date: 20230818 License type: Common License Record date: 20240226 |
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