CN114246359B - Method for mildew-proof storage of cigar tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Method for mildew-proof storage of cigar tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN114246359B CN114246359B CN202111487663.7A CN202111487663A CN114246359B CN 114246359 B CN114246359 B CN 114246359B CN 202111487663 A CN202111487663 A CN 202111487663A CN 114246359 B CN114246359 B CN 114246359B
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- tobacco leaves
- tobacco
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- mildew
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/183—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes sterilization, preservation or biological decontamination
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for storing cigar tobacco leaves in a mildew-proof manner, which comprises the following steps: cleaning a warehouse, placing a drying plate below the warehouse, and placing a layer of PO film on the drying plate; putting tobacco leaves one by one on a shelf, sorting the tobacco leaves, spreading the tobacco leaves in a plastic basket, and transporting the plastic basket to a warehouse; stacking the tobacco leaves conveyed to the warehouse on a PO film layer by layer one by one, and covering a layer of PO film on the tobacco stack after the placement is finished; putting an automatic humiture recorder into the tobacco stack, regularly observing a humiture meter, turning the stack in time when the humiture of the tobacco stack is overlarge, and opening a ventilation window for ventilation; and (4) turning the stacks of the stored tobacco leaves at regular time, and timely processing and recording the mildewed and deteriorated tobacco leaves. The method can effectively reduce the mildew rate of the tobacco leaves from the end of air-curing to the fermentation period, can effectively control the temperature and humidity and the suitable storage condition of the cigars, can also effectively prevent the tobacco leaves from rotting, protects the quality of the tobacco leaves, and provides convenience for the fermentation process of the tobacco leaves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cigar evaluation, in particular to a method for mildew-proof storage of cigar tobacco leaves.
Background
Cigars have high requirements on temperature and humidity environments, and stored cigar leaves are easy to mildew due to the influence of environmental factors. The taste and the flavor of the moldy and deteriorated cigar tobacco leaves are greatly reduced, the mold also has potential safety hazards, the quality of the tobacco leaves is adversely affected, the mold is easy to infect the tobacco leaves, the tobacco leaves are moldy in a large area, and the usability of the tobacco leaves is reduced. Therefore, the storage method from the end of the cigar air-curing to the concentrated fermentation is very important for protecting the quality of tobacco leaves and providing convenience for later fermentation, and the storage method is also a micro-fermentation process from the end of curing to the fermentation stage.
Generally, the traditional storage mode is that a wood board is placed at the bottom of a tobacco stack, hay is placed on the wood board, indoor air naturally circulates, lower tobacco leaves are tied and then paved on the hay, and a layer of linen is placed on the tobacco stack to enable cigars to be stored under natural conditions. However, the cigar stored in the storage box is poor in mildew-proof effect and is easily influenced by environmental factors, the mildew is nourished in rainy days, large-area cigar mildew deterioration is caused, the heat preservation and humidity control effects of the linen sheets are limited, and the effect is poor in areas with high humidity. The existing dehumidification methods include ventilation dehumidification, dehumidification by a dehumidifier, dehumidification by a moisture absorbent, dehumidification by calcium chloride, dehumidification by quicklime, dehumidification by an air conditioner and the like, and the existing more temperature control modes include ventilation temperature control, air conditioner temperature control and the like. The current storage method of tobacco companies is generally to pack tobacco leaves in stages and pack cartons of tobacco leaves, and the tobacco packets or cartons are placed on a backing plate. The PO film has super-strong durability and good heat insulation performance, the drying plate is widely used for storing electronic products, and the D50 high-concentration type mildew-proof bactericide (food grade) is widely used for storing foods. At present, a PO film, a bacteriostatic agent and a drying plate are not applied to the storage of the cigar tobacco leaves. Although the existing method can effectively control the temperature and the humidity, the requirement on external equipment is overlarge, and a dehumidifier, an air conditioner and the like are widely used for storing tobacco leaves in an industrial company, but are hardly used in the process of storing the tobacco leaves by farmers. During the process from the tobacco leaf adjusting to the end to the concentrated fermentation, the tobacco leaves are generally stored by farmers, and the mildew and damage of the tobacco leaves are easily caused during the process. If the tobacco is transported to the tobacco company for unified storage after each batch of modulation is finished, the transportation cost is increased. The existing storage method of tobacco companies is generally to package tobacco leaves in grades and carton packing sheet tobacco, and the tobacco packets or the tobacco boxes are placed on the backing plate, but because good warehouse conditions and temperature and humidity control equipment are provided, and the tobacco leaves are packaged in grades, only a certain distance is needed to be ensured between the tobacco leaves and the ground, and a drying agent is used in the storage process, so that the cost can be saved by using the common backing plate. For ordinary farmers, no good temperature and humidity control equipment and warehouse conditions exist, hay and linen sheets are generally used for heat preservation and moisture preservation in order to store tobacco leaves before concentrated fermentation, but the effect is poor in high humidity and rainy seasons, and the hay is easy to breed mildew.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for storing cigar leaves in a mildew-proof manner, which can prevent the growth of mold in the cigar leaves, significantly reduce the mildew rate of the cigar leaves, improve the fermentation utilization rate of the cigar leaves, and ensure the quality of the cigar leaves.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that: a method for storing cigar tobacco leaves in a mildew-proof way comprises the following steps:
1) Warehouse preparation measures: cleaning a warehouse, placing a drying plate below the warehouse, and placing a layer of PO film on the drying plate;
2) Putting tobacco leaves on a shelf: putting tobacco leaves one by one on a shelf, sorting the tobacco leaves, spreading the tobacco leaves in a plastic basket, and transporting the plastic basket to a warehouse;
3) Placing tobacco leaves: stacking the tobacco leaves conveyed to the warehouse on a PO film layer by layer, and covering a layer of PO film on the tobacco stack after the placement is finished;
4) Early warning by a hygrothermograph: putting an automatic humiture recorder into the tobacco stack, regularly observing a humiture meter, turning the stack in time when the humiture of the tobacco stack is overlarge, and opening a ventilation window for ventilation;
5) Pile turning: and (4) turning the stacks of the stored tobacco leaves at regular time, and timely processing and recording the mildewed and deteriorated tobacco leaves.
Preferably, in step 1), two wooden sticks are placed on the bottom of the drying plate.
Preferably, in step 1), a drying agent is placed around the warehouse.
Preferably, in step 1), a steam humidifier is placed in the warehouse.
Preferably, in the step 2), after the tobacco leaves are transported to a warehouse, the tobacco leaf scraps are taken out, and the mildew-proof bactericide is coated on the tobacco stems.
Preferably, in step 3), the specific step of stacking the tobacco leaves delivered to the warehouse on the PO membrane layer by layer comprises: and stacking the leaf tips of the tobacco leaves to the leaf tips, wherein the leaf tips of the upper tobacco leaves are positioned at the quarter of the distance between the lower tobacco leaves and the leaf tips, and the tobacco stems correspond to the tobacco stems.
Preferably, the mildew-proof bactericide is a food-grade mildew-proof bactericide with a high D50 concentration.
Preferably, the mildew-proof bactericide comprises an active silver ion composite solvent.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for mildew-proof storage of the cigar tobacco leaves is convenient and rapid, the tobacco leaves can be well preserved after the airing is finished and before the fermentation, the tobacco leaves are prevented from being rotted and mildewed, convenience is provided for later fermentation, and expensive equipment is not needed. The mildew-proof bactericide (D50 high-concentration type) is food grade, comprises the active silver ion composite solvent, is nontoxic, residue-free, colorless and tasteless, can not damage the internal aroma and the appearance color of the tobacco leaves, and can efficiently sterilize, the sterilization rate is more than 99.999 percent, compared with other mildew-proof bactericides, the D50 high-concentration type mildew-proof bactericide has the advantages of no microbial drug resistance, cleanness, no impurities, better sterilization performance, complete decomposition into oxygen and water after use, no environmental pollution and no harm. The PO film has good anti-dripping and fog-dispersing properties, and no mildew is generated in the PO film due to dripping. The hygroscopicity of drying plate is good, can effective control cigarette buttress humidity, because ground humidity is high easily night, air temperature at night is low, coats the one deck PO membrane again between drying plate and cigarette buttress, can effectively keep apart the contact of drying plate and cigarette buttress, preserves cigarette buttress temperature at night, and the humidity is too big around the good accuse of drying plate can prevent the cigarette buttress simultaneously, causes the inside mould that breeds of cigarette buttress. The PO films are coated on the upper and lower parts of the tobacco stack, so that heat preservation and humidity control can be realized, temperature and humidity monitoring and stack turning operation can be conveniently performed at intervals, the change of tobacco leaves in the stack can be found in time, and corresponding measures can be taken in time.
Compared with the traditional method, the method has the advantages that the labor and the cost are hardly increased, expensive equipment is not needed compared with the preservation method of the existing industrial company, the cost is saved, and the operation and the use of tobacco growers are facilitated. The method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, low cost and outstanding effect, has higher reference value for storing the cigar tobacco leaves from the airing to the concentrated fermentation period, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention by way of specific embodiments thereof.
The invention provides a method for storing cigar tobacco leaves in a mildew-proof manner, which comprises the following steps:
1) Warehouse preparation measures: cleaning a warehouse, placing a drying plate below the warehouse, and placing a layer of PO film on the drying plate;
2) Putting tobacco leaves on a shelf: putting tobacco leaves one by one on a shelf, sorting the tobacco leaves, spreading the tobacco leaves in a plastic basket, and transporting the plastic basket to a warehouse;
3) Placing tobacco leaves: stacking the tobacco leaves conveyed to the warehouse on a PO film layer by layer, and covering a layer of PO film on the tobacco stack after the placement is finished;
4) Early warning by a hygrothermograph: putting an automatic humiture recorder into the tobacco stack, regularly observing a humiture meter, turning the stack in time when the humiture of the tobacco stack is overlarge, and opening a ventilation window for ventilation;
5) Pile turning: and (4) turning the stacks of the stored tobacco leaves at regular time, and timely processing and recording the mildewed and deteriorated tobacco leaves.
In the step 1), two wood sticks are placed at the bottom of the drying plate.
In the step 1), drying agents are placed around a warehouse.
In the step 1), a steam humidifier is placed in a warehouse.
In the step 2), after the tobacco leaves are transported to a warehouse, the tobacco leaf scraps are taken out, and the mildew-proof bactericide is coated on the tobacco stems.
In the step 3), the specific steps of layering and stacking the tobacco leaves conveyed to the warehouse one by one on a PO film comprise: and stacking the leaf tips of the tobacco leaves to the leaf tips, wherein the leaf tips of the upper tobacco leaves are positioned at the quarter of the distance between the lower tobacco leaves and the leaf tips, and the tobacco stems correspond to the tobacco stems.
The mildew-proof bactericide is a D50 high-concentration food-grade mildew-proof bactericide.
The components of the mildew-proof bactericide are active silver ion composite solvent.
The mildew-proof bactericide (D50 high-concentration type) is food grade, comprises the active silver ion composite solvent, is non-toxic, residue-free, colorless and tasteless, cannot damage the internal aroma and the appearance color of the tobacco leaves, and can efficiently sterilize, the sterilization rate is more than 99.999 percent.
The PO membrane is a novel stoving nature coating film in this application, choose for use special macromolecular resin material of import and super insulation material, adopt advanced outer coating technique and five layers to crowd production technology altogether, thermal insulation performance is reinforceed to having, efficient heat preservation performance at night has been realized, can effectively weaken the big area of the difference in temperature round the clock and at night the harm that low temperature caused the tobacco leaf, and added antiager and carried out antistatic treatment to the surface, become super hydrophobic interface with surface treatment, there is superstrong durability, high strength, high tenacity, can used repeatedly, long service life, avoid wasting the resource, reduce the cost of renewing the agricultural film. Compared with PE films and EVA films, the PO films are superior to the PE films and the EVA films in heat preservation, tensile strength and aging resistance, and the PO films can prevent dripping and fog dissipation for life, which is not possessed by other films. The PO film has good anti-dripping and fog-dispersing properties, and no mildew is generated in the PO film due to dripping.
Comparative example 1
1) Warehouse preparation measures: with warehouse clean up, place the plank in the warehouse below, place the hay on the plank, place the drier around the warehouse, place a steam humidifier, prevent that indoor humidity from crossing low excessively, the tobacco leaf is made garrulously.
2) Putting tobacco leaves on a shelf: and (3) putting the tobacco leaves one by one on a shelf, sorting the tobacco leaves, spreading the tobacco leaves in a plastic basket, and transporting to a warehouse.
3) Placing tobacco leaves: the tobacco leaves are bound and stacked on the hay, the tobacco stems correspond to the tobacco stems, a layer of hay is placed on the tobacco stack, and the linen is covered on the tobacco stack.
4) Early warning by a hygrothermograph: the temperature and humidity automatic recording instrument is placed in the tobacco stack, the temperature and humidity meter is regularly observed, the fact that the temperature and humidity of the tobacco stack are too large is found, the tobacco stack is turned over in time, and the ventilation window is opened for ventilation.
5) Pile turning: and (4) turning stacks of the stored tobacco leaves at regular time, and timely processing and recording the mildewed and deteriorated tobacco leaves.
After being stored for a certain time, the mildew rate of the tobacco stack and the like are detected.
Example 1
1) Warehouse preparation measures: with warehouse clean up, place the drying plate in the warehouse below, place the one deck PO membrane on the drying plate, place the drier around the warehouse, place a steam humidifier, prevent that indoor humidity from crossing low excessively, the garrulous is made to the tobacco leaf.
2) Putting tobacco leaves on a shelf: and (4) putting the tobacco leaves one by one, sorting the tobacco leaves, spreading the tobacco leaves in a plastic basket, and conveying the plastic basket to a warehouse.
3) Placing tobacco leaves: the tobacco leaf apex is stacked on the PO film, the upper tobacco leaf apex is positioned at one fourth of the lower tobacco leaf apex, the tobacco stem corresponds to the tobacco stem, and the PO film is further coated on the tobacco stack for heat preservation, so that the tobacco leaf is prevented from being damaged due to too low temperature at night.
4) Early warning by a hygrothermograph: the temperature and humidity automatic recording instrument is placed in the tobacco stack, the temperature and humidity meter is regularly observed, the fact that the temperature and humidity of the tobacco stack are too large is found, the tobacco stack is turned over in time, and the ventilation window is opened for ventilation.
5) Pile turning: and (4) turning the stacks of the stored tobacco leaves at regular time, and timely processing and recording the mildewed and deteriorated tobacco leaves.
After storage for the same period of time as in comparative example 1, the rate of mold formation of the tobacco pile and the like were examined.
Example 2
1) Warehouse preparation measures: with warehouse clean up, place two sticks below the warehouse, place the drying plate on the stick, place the one deck PO membrane on the drying plate, place the drier around the warehouse, place a steam humidifier, prevent that indoor humidity from crossing low excessively, the tobacco leaf is made garrulously.
2) Putting tobacco leaves on a shelf: and (3) putting the tobacco leaves one by one on a shelf, sorting the tobacco leaves, spreading the tobacco leaves in a plastic basket, and transporting to a warehouse.
3) Placing tobacco leaves: the tobacco leaf apex is stacked on the PO film, the upper tobacco leaf apex is positioned at one fourth of the lower tobacco leaf apex, the tobacco stem corresponds to the tobacco stem, and the PO film is further coated on the tobacco stack for heat preservation, so that the tobacco leaf is prevented from being damaged due to too low temperature at night.
4) Early warning by a hygrothermograph: the temperature and humidity automatic recording instrument is placed in the tobacco stack, the temperature and humidity meter is regularly observed, the fact that the temperature and humidity of the tobacco stack are too large is found, the tobacco stack is turned over in time, and the ventilation window is opened for ventilation.
5) Pile turning: and (4) turning the stacks of the stored tobacco leaves at regular time, and timely processing and recording the mildewed and deteriorated tobacco leaves.
After storage for the same period of time as in comparative example 1, the rate of mold formation of the tobacco pile and the like were examined.
Example 3
1) Warehouse preparation measures: with warehouse clean up, place two wooden rods in the warehouse below, place the drying plate on the wooden rod, place the one deck PO membrane on the drying plate, place the drier around the warehouse, place a steam humidifier, prevent that indoor humidity from crossing low excessively, the garrulous is made to the tobacco leaf.
2) Putting tobacco leaves on a shelf: and (3) putting the tobacco leaves one by one on a shelf, sorting the tobacco leaves, spreading the tobacco leaves in a plastic basket, and transporting to a warehouse.
3) Coating a mildew-proof bactericide: the tobacco leaf scraps are taken out, and the mildew-proof bactericide is coated on the tobacco stems, so that the tobacco leaves are not coated too much, and the tobacco leaves cannot be coated on the tobacco leaves, and because the moisture in the tobacco stems cannot be fully dried by airing, the moisture content of the tobacco stems is high, the tobacco leaves are mildewed from the tobacco stems.
4) Placing tobacco leaves: the tobacco leaf apex is stacked on the PO film, the upper tobacco leaf apex is positioned at one fourth of the lower tobacco leaf apex, the tobacco stem corresponds to the tobacco stem, and the PO film is further coated on the tobacco stack for heat preservation, so that the tobacco leaf is prevented from being damaged due to too low temperature at night.
5) Early warning by a hygrothermograph: the temperature and humidity automatic recording instrument is placed in the tobacco stack, the temperature and humidity meter is regularly observed, the fact that the temperature and humidity of the tobacco stack are too large is found, the tobacco stack is turned over in time, and the ventilation window is opened for ventilation.
6) Pile turning: and (4) turning the stacks of the stored tobacco leaves at regular time, and timely processing and recording the mildewed and deteriorated tobacco leaves.
After storage for the same period of time as in comparative example 1, the rate of mold formation of the tobacco pile and the like were examined.
Wherein example 1 differs from comparative example 1 in that example 1 employs a PO membrane instead of hay and the method of placing tobacco leaves is different. Example 2 differs from example 1 in that instead of wood board a dry board is used. Example 3 differs from example 2 in that step 3 is added. The comparative results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 tobacco leaf quality Table
It can be seen from table 1 that the method of the present invention can effectively reduce the mold rate of the tobacco leaves from the end of the air-curing to the fermentation period, can effectively control the temperature and humidity and the suitable storage conditions of the cigars, and can also effectively prevent the tobacco leaves from rotting, protect the quality of the tobacco leaves, and provide convenience for the fermentation process of the tobacco leaves.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for storing cigar tobacco leaves in a mildew-proof manner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Warehouse preparation measures: cleaning a warehouse, placing a drying plate below the warehouse, and placing a layer of PO film on the drying plate; two wood sticks are placed at the bottom of the drying plate;
2) Putting tobacco leaves on a shelf: putting tobacco leaves one by one on a shelf, sorting the tobacco leaves, spreading the tobacco leaves in a plastic basket, and transporting the plastic basket to a warehouse; after the tobacco leaves are transported to a warehouse, the tobacco leaves are taken out piece by piece, and mildew-proof bactericide is coated on the tobacco stems; the mildew-proof bactericide is a D50 high-concentration food-grade mildew-proof bactericide; the components of the mildew-proof bactericide are active silver ion composite solvent;
3) Placing tobacco leaves: stacking the tobacco leaves conveyed to the warehouse on a PO film layer by layer one by one, and covering a layer of PO film on the tobacco stack after the placement is finished; in the step 3), the specific steps of layering and stacking the tobacco leaves conveyed to the warehouse one by one on a PO film comprise: stacking the leaf tips of the tobacco leaves to the leaf tips, wherein the leaf tips of the upper tobacco leaves are positioned at the quarter of the distance between the lower tobacco leaves and the leaf tips, and the tobacco stems correspond to the tobacco stems;
4) Early warning by a hygrothermograph: putting an automatic humiture recorder into the tobacco stack, regularly observing a humiture meter, turning the stack in time when the humiture of the tobacco stack is overlarge, and opening a ventilation window for ventilation;
5) Pile turning: turning stacks of stored tobacco leaves at regular time, and timely processing and recording the tobacco leaves which are found to be mildewed and deteriorated;
the method can prevent the growth of mould in the tobacco leaves, obviously reduce the mould rate of the tobacco leaves, improve the fermentation utilization rate of the tobacco leaves and ensure the quality of the tobacco leaves.
2. The method for the mildewproof storage of the cigar leaves according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), a desiccant is placed around the warehouse.
3. The method for the mold-proof storage of cigar leaves according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), a steam humidifier is placed in the warehouse.
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| CN111642779A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-11 | 景延秋 | Drying and crushing device for tobacco |
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| CN100336475C (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-09-12 | 王春录 | On-situ utilization method of tobacco insect-killing and mould-proof agent |
| CN101607631A (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2009-12-23 | 湖南华望熏蒸消毒有限公司 | That the blanket gas of tobacco leaf storage is taken good care of and protected, controls is wet, mildew-resistant, pest control technology |
| CN101584280B (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2011-03-23 | 李翊玮 | Multifunctional tobacco leaf stack sealing storage method capable of adjusting storage environment |
| CN103622155B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-05-04 | 四川骏博环保技术有限公司 | Tobacco conservation method |
| US11191302B1 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2021-12-07 | Sandy Rahib | Method and device for packaging cigars, cigar tobacco leaves and mixed cigar tobacco leaf |
| CN111823532A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-27 | 甘肃福雨塑业有限责任公司 | Agricultural multifunctional crystal PO light conversion greenhouse film and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111642779A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-11 | 景延秋 | Drying and crushing device for tobacco |
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